How To Redesign CCBPM Process

POP300
How to Redesign ccBPM Processes Using

SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration
Tobias Breyer, Prashant Gautam, Meghna Shishodiya, Volker Stiehl
October/November/December, 2013
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Agenda
Redesigning ccBPM processes: challenge and chance
Introducing BPMN
Model comparison: BPEL vs. BPMN
Redesigning use cases
Receiver determination
Providing synchronous interfaces via ccBPM
Message header access
Attachment handling
Alerting
System error handling
Outbound Exactly Once In Order handling
Demo: How to start processes with multiple interfaces

Key takeaways
Redesigning ccBPM
processes:
challenge and chance
Redesigning ccBPM processes is a challenge and a chance

Moving from ccBPM to SAP NetWeaver BPM is a challenge
BPEL to BPMN transformation (no automatic translation possible, block concept vs. flow concept)
Different Feature Sets of the BPM engines
PI Double Stack to Process Orchestration Java-only transformation
What about ABAP mappings and local ABAP-based services?
Moving from ccBPM to SAP NetWeaver BPM is a chance

Lower TCO of a Java-only solution (simplified administration, integrated monitoring, faster SP updates)
Lower TCD due to integrated toolset in SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio
Benefit from advanced BPM/BRM feature set
Integration of human-centric processes and business rules
Benefit from process analytics
High Scalability of SAP NetWeaver BPM
IBM Whitepaper WP102045: 2,800 concurrent users / 112,000 tasks per hour (peak)/ ~85,000 SAPS system
Time for cleaning up
3-layer architecture for process-driven applications

Business Layer
Gold nugget, differentiating factor
Covers business processes
Addresses mainly human interactions
Stateful Integration Layer
Covers stateful integration processes
Aggregator, Resequencer
Rosetta Net as an example for well-defined
stateful message exchanges
Stateless Integration & Service Layer

Connectivity and message transfer
Data structure adaptations
Infrastructure services
Introducing BPMN
Business Process Model and Notation

The primary goal of BPMN is to provide a notation that is readily understandable by all
business users, from the business analysts that create the initial drafts of the processes,
to the technical developers responsible for implementing the technology that will perform
those processes, and finally, to the business people who will manage and monitor those
processes. Thus, BPMN creates a standardized bridge for the gap between the business
process design and process implementation.
OMG, BPMN 2.0 Specification
First published in 2002

Official standard of the Object Management Group (OMG) since 2006
SAP, Oracle and IBM worked on specification and implementations since 2007
Current Version: BPMN 2.0 (released in January 2011)
Business Process Model and Notation Key shapes

Activity:
A step in a process
Represents work or action to be performed
Statement
Gateway
Event
Gateway:
Controls flow branching, merging and parallel actions
Pure logic does not do the decision itself
Control flow
Event:
A signal that something has happened
Can start, pause and resume or interrupt and redirect a process or activity
Throw/catch
Business Process Model and Notation Activities
User Task:
Activity that has to be processed by a natural person
Typically associated with a user interface (JSF, JSP, servlet,)
Service Task:
Activity that is processed by a system
Defined via an interface description (e.g. WSDL)
Typically calling a web service or an EJB
Sub-Process:
A compound (decomposable) activity that holds a BPMN modeled sub-process
Can be shown collapsed or expanded
Can be embedded (local) or referenced (global)
Used for structuring processes
Subroutine
Call Activity:
Used to call a global sub-process or a global single task
Subroutine call
10
Business Process Model and Notation Gateways

Exclusive Choice (data-based):
Only one path can be taken
Each gate has a Boolean data expression
if-then-else, switch
Parallel Split/Fork (also AND gateway):
Splits sequence flow in parallel streams
Multithreading
Exclusive/Uncontrolled Merge:
Merge exclusive alternative incoming sequence flows to one outgoing
sequence flow
Parallel Join:
Merge parallel alternative incoming sequence flows to one outgoing
sequence flow
Waiting for all threads to finish
Event-based Exclusive Choice:
Only one path can be taken
Decision is based on events, not data condition
11
Business Process Model and Notation Events
Message Start Event:

Waits for a message and creates a new process instance or indicates start of
a sub-process
Intermediate Timer Event:
Pauses the sequence flow of a process or a sub-process for/until a specific
time
Intermediate Message Event:
Waits for and receives a message
Error End Event:
Stops the process or sub-process immediately and throws an error
Message End Event:
Ends a sequence flow in a process or a sub-process and sends a message
Termination:
Stops the process or sub-process immediately
12
Business Process Model and Notation Orchestration and

collaboration
Pool:
A Pool contains a single BPMN- Process
A sequence flow is constrained in exactly one pool
A Process diagram may contain several pools
A pool generally represents a logical collection of roles, organizational units and systems
Lane:
A pool may be divided into lanes
A lane generally represents a role or an organizational unit
Orchestration:
Modeling a process flow of control in a single
internal (active) pool
Representation as sequence flow
Execution Sequence
Collaboration:
Modeling interaction between pools (not flow of control!)
Representation as message flow
Very powerful means for integration processes
13
Business Process Model and Notation Data Objects
Data Object:
An artifact that stores data in the process context
Can be a single object or a list of objects ( )
XML Schema Definition used to define data objects
Comparable to Variables in programming languages
Data Object
14
Explaining BPMN semantics: Tokens traversing the sequence flow
15
Explaining BPMN semantics: Tokens traversing the sequence flow
16
Model comparison:
BPEL vs. BPMN
Comparing BPEL with BPMN
Switch
Control
Block
Loop
Transformations and
Container Operations
Covered by Mappings
Superfluous in BPMN
Fork
Wait
18
Example: flight booking coordination
19
Direct BPEL to BPMN-translation
20
Example: flight booking coordination using BPMN
Multiple
Bookings
Confirmation
Booking
Booking
Confirmation
Failure
Cancel
Booking
21
Example: flight booking coordination
22
Example: flight booking coordination using SAP NW PO (Variant 1)
23
Example: flight booking coordination using SAP NW PO (Variant 2)
24
Redesigning use cases
Redesigning usage of Receiver Determination
What is problematic about this redesign?

Process is not really stateful indicates a stateless integration
Integration logic buried in modeled processes, instead of configured integration
Reduced performance inherited from ccBPM design
How can you do better?

Move Receiver Determination steps and specified receivers at Send Steps into Integration Flows
Use Content-Based Routing in Integration Flows
Use Enhanced Receiver Determination / Dynamic Message Router
26
Redesigning the provisioning of synchronous interfaces via ccBPM
What you need to know

ccBPM provides synchronous interfaces by means of the Sync-Async-Bridge
ccBPM and BPM are asynchronous in nature and cannot guarantee response times for such patterns
Sync/Async-Bridges typically create only short-lived stateful process instances (seconds, not days)
Why should you be careful with such redesigns?

This pattern puts a heavy burden on your system
The short-lived data creates administrative effort, e. g. for archiving and deletion

Decide whether you really need the modeled approach, monitoring, and persistence of BPM here
Other alternatives exist, which usually perform better, with less administrative effort
Check out the alternatives on next slide
27
Options for implementing typical scenarios without BPM

Sync/Async & Async/Sync Bridge
Check out the Sync/Async-Bridge & Async/Sync-Bridge in the JMS Adapter set of Adapter Modules
ResponseOnewayBean, RequestResponseBean, WaitResponseBean, NotifyResponseBean
Despite the name, the modules can be applied with other adapters as well
Message Translator Pattern

Check out whether Operation Mappings support your use-case
Use Operation Mappings with sequences of Mapping Program calls
Content Enricher Pattern involving RFC, JDBC, SOAP Adapter

Check out the Lookup Channels supported by Operation Mappings
Content Enricher & Filter Pattern involving RFC, EJB, Enterprise Services
Check out the Service Composer Perspective in SAP NetWeaver Developer Studio
Supports Projection, Simplification and Sequential Execution of Services
28
Redesigning message header access
?
Typical use cases when accessing the message header in ccBPM
MessageId as unique identifier for correlation purposes
Adapter-specific header fields (e.g. filename for file adapter, JMS correlation id for JMS adapter, business
information for B2B adapter) for monitoring purposes and adapter-specific handling
How can you achieve the same in a cleaner way with SAP NetWeaver BPM?
Leave adapter-specifics to SAP NetWeaver PI components, e. g. Operation Mappings, Alert Engine
Hide adapter- and XI-protocol specifics from BPM, abstract it through the business payload
What are the benefits?

Separation of concerns
Process content can remain untouched in case of changes to the messaging configuration
29
Redesigning message header access detailed procedure

1. In Enterprise Services Repository (ESR): define data type for storing relevant header data
2. Use Mapping API to access header, e. g. encapsulated in a User Defined Function (UDF)
3. Use the UDF in a Message Mapping
4. Configure Integration Flow using mapping of step 3 to provide enhanced business data
including the message header to BPM
5. In BPM, extract the data from the Message Event into the Process Context
30
Redesigning message attachment handling
?
ccBPM can route attachments through a process and manipulate them using Operation Mappings
ccBPM attachment routing cannot be turned off (transparent feature)
BPM supports attachments at tasks which can be manipulated through UI
What options do you have in an SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration installation?

Enterprise Content Management Integration (ECMI)
Operation Mapping APIs allow access to InputAttachments/OutputAttachments to move attachments from/to
main payload
What do you need in relation and what should be avoided?

Use e. g. JPR proxies and Web services to store/read attachments to/from ECM (details next slide)
Do not send complete attachments to BPM, supply relevant parts or identifiers instead
(cf. Claim Check pattern)
31
Redesigning message attachment handling detailed procedure

ECM
1
Storage
Enterprise
Content Mgmt.
Java
API
Attachment
Capable Adapter
(HTTP, email)
Integration Flow
Web service
enabled EJB
(local) Web service
call
JPR Server
Proxy ImplemenJava
tation (Java)
BPM
API
All running on SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration

32
Redesigning alerting

ccBPM use case is to notify administrators of technical errors and provide helpful information
ccBPM supports raising Alerts to the ABAP Alert Management, including data from process context
BPM supports Notification Activities sending customizable emails to internal and external recipients
Why should you be careful with such redesigns?

Alert consolidation is not possible / only in the administrators email inbox.
Misses technical, adapter-specific details that help in solving the issue
Integration of issue tracking systems difficult (e. g. SAP Solution Manager)

Evaluate Component-Based Message Alerting for alerting technical errors within PI to administrators
Possible consumers: Solution Manager, standard batch job for email distribution of alerts, or self-developed
consumers accessing alerts via standard web service
Use Notification Activities for business-related errors that require business users for resolution
33
Redesigning system error handling
?
ccBPM supports handling technical errors, but provides no access to further details, such as error message
BPM supports handling modeled Faults only, providing access to the fault message
Handling System Errors will be possible with SAP NetWeaver Process

Orchestration 7.4 SP5 or 7.31 SP10, scheduled for December 2013
Using standard boundary event of type TechnicalError
Provides details about the error for use in notification and error handling
How can you implement system error handling before 7.4 SP5 / 7.31 SP10?
Implement a Web service wrapping the original service and which maps system errors to a Fault
Refer to SCN document DOC-3081 (http://scn.sap.com/docs/DOC-3081)
34
Redesigning outbound Exactly Once In Order sending (EOIO)
?
ccBPM supports specifying a Queue Name, so that messages are sent with Quality of Service EOIO
BPM supports no specification of Quality of Service
How can you achieve EOIO for common cases in a cleaner way?
1. Send one bulk message containing all messages with EOIO requirements
within one process instance in a single Automated Activity
2. In the associated Integration Flow use Interface Splits / Split Mappings with
Maintain Order at Runtime
What are the prerequisites?

Ordered delivery possible only within one process instance, not across instances
Scenario has no requirements concerning queue names, as they cannot be specified
Implementation of Note 1870107
35
What are the determining factors of a successful redesign?
Provide business value through new or improved scenarios

Improve scalability and performance of your scenario
Improve end user experience
Reduce administrative efforts
Follow software engineering practices in integration architectures

Loose Coupling principle
Separation of Concerns principle
Reuse principle
36
How to start processes with

multiple interfaces
Multiple interfaces for starting a process
Fork
followed by RECEIVE steps

with Start Process semantics
38
39

Messages to BPM
40

Aggregated message from BPM
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Demo
Good to know
ccBPM
SAP NetWeaver BPM
Block: in ccBPM the scope of a correlation condition can be

limited to the block (a local correlation).
Correlations in SAP NetWeaver BPM are activated as soon

as a process instance is running and the variables of the
correlation condition contain meaningful values. A scope
change can be realized by modifying the correlation condition,
so that new messages will not be consumed anymore.
Block: nested blocks can contain receive steps
In SAP NetWeaver BPM receive steps are only allowed in

referenced subprocesses
ccBPM allows the usage of one interface within several

processes
SAP NetWeaver BPM doesnt support the reuse of inbound

start interfaces in more than one conditional-start process
model
Acknowledgements are supported in both cases (provisioning

as well as consumption)
No acknowledgement support
Abstract interfaces are being used for the communication

between the integration server and the ccBPM engine
Up to SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration 7.31 SP 8 no

abstract interfaces were supported. Starting with SP 9 you
can reuse your existing abstract interfaces as well.
51

Enterprise integration patterns speed up the migration
Providing best practices and guidelines on how to
implement common integration and business requirements on
Enterprise integration patterns

Do help in solving recurring problems faced in the
integration of enterprise applications
See Enterprise Integration Patterns: Designing, Building,
and Deploying Messaging Solutions
by Gregor Hohpe and Bobby Woolf
Enterprise integration patterns on Process

Orchestration
Blog on SCN describing how to best implement enterprise
integration patterns on PI/PO
See SAP Process Orchestration patterns on SCN
52

Migration of Directory Content
Migrate classical PI scenarios to
integrated configuration objects (ICOs)
Using the new directory content migration tool, you

could considerably reduce the migration effort
Supporting both Java-only and dual-stack

target systems
Source PI system as of XI 3.0 and newer
Tool runs in target system
Automatic directory objects matching and
migration checks
Renaming of objects via renaming rules
Mass change support for communication
channels
Check out TechEd hands-on session

POP262: Migration Tool from Double
Stack to Single Stack Integration
Scenarios
53
Key Takeaways
Key Takeaways
Migrating to SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration is
highly attractive for the following reasons:
Lower TCO of a Java-only solution
Lower TCD due to integrated toolset in SAP NetWeaver
Developer Studio
Benefit from advanced BPM/BRM feature set
An automated migration of existing BPEL based
processes to BPMN is not possible due to the
fundamental differences between the notations
SAP supports the migration by providing the content
migration tool, ready-to-use Enterprise Integration
Patterns, and many online articles/blogs
55
Further Information
SAP Public Web

http://scn.sap.com/community/process-orchestration
http://www.sap.com/platform/netweaver/components/process-orchestration
SAP Education and Certification Opportunities

Course BIT800
www.sap.com/education and search for BIT800 SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration Introduction
Watch SAP TechEd Online

www.sapteched.com/online
56
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POP300

How to Redesign ccBPM Processes Using

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Redesigning use cases

Demo: How to start processes with multiple interfaces

Redesigning ccBPM processes is a challenge and a chance

Moving from ccBPM to SAP NetWeaver BPM is a chance

3-layer architecture for process-driven applications

Stateless Integration & Service Layer

Business Process Model and Notation

First published in 2002

Business Process Model and Notation Key shapes

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Business Process Model and Notation Activities

Business Process Model and Notation Gateways

Business Process Model and Notation Events

Message Start Event:

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Business Process Model and Notation Orchestration and

Business Process Model and Notation Data Objects

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Explaining BPMN semantics: Tokens traversing the sequence flow

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Explaining BPMN semantics: Tokens traversing the sequence flow

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Comparing BPEL with BPMN

Example: flight booking coordination

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Direct BPEL to BPMN-translation

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Example: flight booking coordination using BPMN

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Example: flight booking coordination

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Example: flight booking coordination using SAP NW PO (Variant 1)

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Example: flight booking coordination using SAP NW PO (Variant 2)

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Redesigning use cases

Redesigning usage of Receiver Determination

What is problematic about this redesign?

How can you do better?

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Redesigning the provisioning of synchronous interfaces via ccBPM

What you need to know

Why should you be careful with such redesigns?

How can you do better?

Options for implementing typical scenarios without BPM

Message Translator Pattern

Content Enricher Pattern involving RFC, JDBC, SOAP Adapter

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Redesigning message header access

What are the benefits?

2013 SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Redesigning message header access detailed procedure

3. Use the UDF in a Message Mapping

Redesigning message attachment handling

What options do you have in an SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration installation?

What do you need in relation and what should be avoided?

Redesigning message attachment handling detailed procedure

All running on SAP NetWeaver Process Orchestration

What you need to know

Why should you be careful with such redesigns?