To create a new database:

CREATE DATABASE baru;

To create a table, you use the aptly named CREATE TABLE command. For example:
CREATE TABLE my_first_table (
first_column text,
second_column integer );

This creates a table named my_first_table with two columns. The first column is
named first_column and has a data type of text; the second column has the
name second_column and the type integer.
CREATE TABLE products (
product_no integer,
name text,
price numeric );

If you no longer need a table, you can remove it using the DROP TABLE command. For
example:
DROP TABLE my_first_table;
DROP TABLE products;

All these actions are performed using the ALTER TABLE command,
5.5.1. Adding a Column
To add a column, use a command like:
ALTER TABLE products ADD COLUMN description text;

The new column is initially filled with whatever default value is given (null if you don't
specify a DEFAULT clause).

You can also define constraints on the column at the same time, using the usual syntax:
ALTER TABLE products ADD COLUMN description text CHECK (description <> '');

5.5.2. Removing a Column

To remove a column, use a command like:
ALTER TABLE products DROP COLUMN description;

Whatever data was in the column disappears. Table constraints involving the column are
dropped, too. You can authorize dropping everything that depends on the column by
adding CASCADE:
ALTER TABLE products DROP COLUMN description CASCADE;

5.5.3. Adding a Constraint

To add a constraint, the table constraint syntax is used. For example:
ALTER TABLE products ADD CHECK (name <> '');
ALTER TABLE products ADD CONSTRAINT some_name UNIQUE (product_no);
ALTER TABLE products ADD FOREIGN KEY (product_group_id) REFERENCES
product_groups;

To add a not-null constraint, which cannot be written as a table constraint, use this syntax:
ALTER TABLE products ALTER COLUMN product_no SET NOT NULL;

The constraint will be checked immediately, so the table data must satisfy the constraint
before it can be added.
5.5.4. Removing a Constraint
To remove a constraint you need to know its name. If you gave it a name then that's easy.
Then the command is:

ALTER TABLE products DROP CONSTRAINT some_name;

This works the same for all constraint types except not-null constraints. To drop a not null
constraint use:
ALTER TABLE products ALTER COLUMN product_no DROP NOT NULL;

5.5.5. Changing a Column's Default Value

To set a new default for a column, use a command like:
ALTER TABLE products ALTER COLUMN price SET DEFAULT 7.77;

Note that this doesn't affect any existing rows in the table, it just changes the default for
future INSERT commands.
To remove any default value, use:
ALTER TABLE products ALTER COLUMN price DROP DEFAULT;

5.5.6. Changing a Column's Data Type

To convert a column to a different data type, use a command like:
ALTER TABLE products ALTER COLUMN price TYPE numeric(10,2);

5.5.7. Renaming a Column

To rename a column:
ALTER TABLE products RENAME COLUMN product_no TO product_number;

5.5.8. Renaming a Table

To rename a table:
ALTER TABLE products RENAME TO items;