Overview of Wal-Mart

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain
of discount department stores and warehouse stores. It is headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas.
Wal-Mart was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969. It has
over 11,000 stores in 27 countries. Wal-Mart operates retail stores in various formats worldwide.
The companys operations comprise three segments: Walmart U.S., Walmart International, and
Sam's Club. As a mass merchandiser of consumer products, the Walmart U.S. segment operates
retail stores in all 50 states, Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico, with supercenters in 48 states,
Washington D.C. and Puerto Rico, discount stores in 43 states and Puerto Rico and neighborhood
markets, and other small store formats in 31 states and Puerto Rico. Customers can also purchase
an assortment of merchandise and services online at www.walmart.com.
As per the Fortune Global 500 list in 2014, Wal-Mart is the worlds largest company by revenue,
the biggest private employer in the world with over two million employees, and the largest
retailer in the world. Controlled by the Walton family who own over 50 percent of Wal-Mart
through their holding company, Walton Enterprises, Walmart is a family owned business. WalMart is one of the most valuable companies by market value and largest grocery retailer in the
United States.
Wal-Mart does business across several store formats including supercenters, discount stores,
Neighborhood Markets and other small store formats, as well as walmart.com. It operates in six
strategic merchandise units:

Grocery consists of a full line of grocery items, including meat, produce, deli, bakery,
dairy, frozen foods, alcoholic and nonalcoholic beverages, floral and dry grocery, as well
as consumables such as health and beauty aids, baby products, household chemicals,
paper goods and pet supplies
Entertainment contains electronics, toys, cameras and supplies, photo processing
services, cellular phones, cellular service plan contracts and prepaid service, movies,
music, video games and books
Health and wellness includes pharmacy, optical services and over-the-counter drugs;
Hard-lines consist of stationery, automotive accessories, hardware and paint, sporting
goods, fabrics and crafts and seasonal merchandise
Apparel includes apparel for women, girls, men, boys and infants, shoes, jewelry and
accessories
Home includes home furnishings, house-wares and small appliances, bedding, home
dcor, outdoor living and horticulture

The operations of Wal-Mart are organized into three divisions: Walmart U.S., Sam's Club, and
Wal-Mart International.

Wal-Mart U.S. is the company's largest division, accounting for $258 billion (equivalent to
$279 billion in 2015), for fiscal 2010. It comprises of three retail formats that have become
commonplace in the United States: Discount Stores, Supercenters, and Wal-Mart Markets. The
retail department stores sell a variety of mostly non-grocery products. This division also includes
Wal-Mart's online site, that is, walmart.com.
As of January 2014, Walmart's international operations comprised of 6,337 stores and 800,000
workers in 26 countries outside the United States. The company has wholly owned operations in
Argentina, Brazil, Canada, and the UK. With 2.2 million employees worldwide, Wal-Mart
International is the largest private employer in the U.S. and Mexico, and one of the largest in
Canada. In fiscal 2010, Wal-Mart's international division sales were $100 billion (equivalent to
$108 billion in 2015).
Sam's Club is a chain of warehouse clubs that sell groceries and general merchandise, mostly in
bulk. Sam's Club stores are "membership" stores with most customers buying annual
memberships. There are three kinds of memberships of Sam's Club: Sam's Plus, Sam's Business
and Sam's Savings. Each of those memberships provides customers various benefits. Nonmembers can make purchases either by buying a one-day membership or paying a surcharge
based on the price of the purchase. The first Sam's Club opened in 1983 in Midwest City,
Oklahoma under the name "Sam's Wholesale Club."
Wal-Marts promotional strategy has been governed by its philosophy of everyday low prices.
Thus, Wal-Marts customers give low prices as the most important reason for shopping there.
Unlike most other retailers, Wal-Mart does not charge a slotting fee to suppliers for their
products to appear in the store. Instead, it focuses on selling more popular products and provides
incentives for store managers to drop unpopular products, and asks manufacturers to supply more
popular products. Wal-Mart refers to its employees as associates.
Wal-Mart is governed by a fifteen-member Board of Directors, which is elected annually
by shareholders. Robson Walton, the eldest son of founder of Wal-Mart, Sam Walton, serves
as Chairman of the Board. Wal-Mart refers to its employees as associates.
In North America, Wal-Mart's primary competitors includes department
stores like Kmart, Publix, Target, ShopKo and Meijer, Canada's The Real Canadian
Superstore and Giant Tiger, and Mexico's Commercial Mexicana and Soriana. Competitors of
Wal-Mart's Sam's Club division are Costco, and the smaller BJ's Wholesale Club chain operating
mainly in the eastern U.S.
Wal-Marts customers give low prices as the most important reason for shopping there and the
average U.S. Wal-Mart customer's income is below the national average, and analysts recently
estimated that more than one-fifth of them lack a bank account, twice the national rate.

Overview of Bharti Enterprises

Bharti Enterprises was founded by Sunil Bharti Mittal along with his two siblings in 1976. The
company started with manufacturing bicycles before diversifying into various sectors and
entered into telecommunications industry in 1995.
Headquartered in New Delhi, India, Bharti Enterprises is an Indian business conglomerate. It was
founded in 1976 by Sunil Bharti Mittal. It operates in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. Bharti
Enterprises owns various businesses ranging across telecommunications, retail, financial services
and manufacturing.
Bharti is present in various sectors but its largest revenue contribution comes from telecom
industry. Bharti has been a pioneering force in the Indian telecom sector with many firsts and
innovations to its credit. Bharti Airtel Limited, the group's flagship company, is a leading global
telecommunications company with operations in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. The
Company ranks amongst the top four mobile service providers globally in terms of subscribers.
The major companies of Bharti Enterprises include Bharti Airtel, Bharti Infratel, Bharti Teletech,
FieldFresh Foods, Bharti AXA General Insurance and Life Insurance, Centum Learning, Bharti
Foundation, Bharti Retail and Bharti Reality.
Bharti Airtel Ltd is the third largest mobile operator in the world, in terms of subscriber base, and
has a presence in 20 countries and the company is Indias largest integrated telecom company in
terms of customer base and offers mobile, fixed line, broadband, IPTV, DTH and enterprise
services.
Bharti Infratel, in India, owns 33,446 towers across 11 circles and it plans to spend 1,086 crore
to set up 4,813 new towers. Bharti Infratel has a 42% stake in Indus towers.
Bharti Teletech is Indias leading telecom & allied products company and is one of the largest
manufacturers of land line telephones in the world. With a strong distribution network across the
country, Bharti Teletech is also the primary distributor of IT and Telecom products from
international brands such as Motorola, Blackberry, Thomson, Polycom, Transcend, and Logitech.
FieldFresh Foods is a joint venture between Bharti Enterprises and DMPL India Ltd. (a
subsidiary of Del Monte Pacific Ltd.). The company offers fresh fruits & vegetables and
processed foods & beverages in the domestic and international markets.
Bharti Retail is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bharti Enterprises. Bharti Retail operates a chain
of multiple format stores and the companys neighborhood format stores operate under
the Easyday brand and the compact hypermarket format under the 'Easy day market' brand.
Recently, the company has become more involved in the food economic sectors, with a joint
partnership in the agricultural company Field Fresh.