Exercise 1 Axial Element

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.
1
Figure 2.3 shows a simple axial problem. The cross section is not uniform. This
gives a good understanding to students how they approach using axial
elements with constant cross sections.
Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Edit By: Engr. Shaiful Rizal Bin Hj. Masrol
Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

When using axial element, the element has constant cross section. In order to
solve this problem, either outer or inner cross sectional approach can be
applied. In outer approach using 3 elements, the cross sections used are A1, A2
and A3 whereas in inner approach A2, A3 and A4.
The information given is only the cross section areas. It is assume the element
is square bar, the sides for A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 0.06m, 0.05m, 0.03m and
0.02m, respectively.

Go to menu Model> Type of Analysis.
The problem is axial problem (2D) under static loads, select 2D and Static then
select General


Go to menu Model > Global Properties, then select the Output Options tab and
enable Element field values (non-averaged).


There are three different cross sections. In this case three materials should be
Prepared. Go to Model > Materials. Click Add, Type Material 1 as name. In
Geometric tab, choose Rectangular Bar and enter the a: 0.05m and b: 0.05m.

Chapter 1-Axial Problem: Exercise 1

Go to Mechanical tab , Choose Isotropic
Enter Youngs Modulus: 70GPa and Poisson Ratio: 0.3 > Add Material 2


Click Add, Type Material 2 as name. In Geometric tab, choose Rectangular Bar
and enter the a:0.03m and b: 0.03m.


Enter Youngs Modulus: 70GPa and Poisson Ratio: 0.3 > Add Material 3


Click Add, Type Material 3 as name. In Geometric tab, choose Rectangular Bar
and enter the a:0.02m and b: 0.02m.


Enter Youngs Modulus: 70GPa and Poisson Ratio: 0.3 > Close


Go to Nodes tab , Choose Add Single.
Enter and Add the coordinate of 4 nodes as below (refer figure 6.3).


Click Close button to exit the dialog. You have created 4 nodes.
Click Show Node Numbers On/Off symbol.


To see the nodes information, click Nodes tab and click List Info. Check the
coordinate of the 4 nodes created.


Go to menu Elements > Add Single, then select Line 2 , choose material 1 and click
node 1 and 2 to define element 1. Then, continue the step for element 2 (material2)
and element 3(material3). Click Show Element Numbers On/Off symbol.


To see the elements information, click Element tab and click List Info. Check the
information of the 3 elements created.
.


Node 1 is restrained which is not allowed to move. Since this is axial problem,
restraining in x and y translations should be sufficient to define the fixed
condition. Pick the node to be restrained, i.e. node 1, then go to menu
Constraints . Add/Edit and a Node Properties dialog appears (next page)


Select the Property selection bar to displx then click Add then OK to accept
displx=0 and exit the dialog and back to the previous dialog.


Select the Property selection bar to disply then click Add then OK to accept
disply=0 and exit the dialog and back to the previous dialog. Click the Close
button to exit the Node Properties dialog.


The constraint symbols at node 1 should appear as follows:


There are two nodes will be loaded. One is located at node 2 with a load of 250N to the left and
another one located at node 4 with a load of 1000N to the right. Since the x direction is going to
the right direction, the loading at node 2 should be indicated as negative.
Pick node 2 by clicking on it, then from the menu Loads . Add/Edit. A dialog appears waiting your
response


Select the Property selection bar to forcex then click Add then in the Value
field enter 250 then press OK to accept forcex=-250 and exit the dialog and
back to the previous dialog. Click the Close button to close the dialog


Now you have to do the same thing for node 4 to define a load of 1000N is
applied of the node. Pick node 4, then from the menu Loads . Add/Edit . Then,
select the Property selection bar to forcex then click Add then in the Value
field enter 1000 then press OK to accept forcex=1000 and exit the dialog and
back to the previous dialog. Click the Close button to close the dialog.


You should see the green arrows; one going to the left at node 2 and another
one right arrow at node 4.


If you want to see the element faces to view the real appearance of the
difference cross sections, go to the menu View . Options then enable Shaded
Element Faces or click Toggle Hidden Line Symbol.


The analysis model is now ready to solve. Click Solve Symbol to run the solver.
After the solver completing doing the analysis successfully, then click the Post
Processor button to open the viewing result environment.


You will see the default Displacement Magnitude contour shown in Figure 2.5


If you change the viewing result to Displacement in X the result is exactly the
same, because the displacement is in x direction only.


To see the result in table , click the table icon the table dialog box will appear.
Choose the field value that you wanted to appear in the table. Then click
Update. To place the result in Microsoft Excel just click Copy to Clipboard and
paste it inside the Excel Worksheet.


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Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 1-Axial Problem: Exercise 1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

Chapter 2-Axial Problem: Exercise 2.1

Finite Element Method Laboratory BDA4033

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