33 l

()

2014 2

Vo l. 33

JOURNAL OF CHONGQING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCE)

No.l

Feh.2014

doi: 10. 3969/j. > ssn. 1674-0696. 2014. 01. 19

( 400074)

: 5 5 4

85 :
0.72 Pa . s ;

0 0. 0.37 Pa . s 7.4 2.6 1. 6 S;

:;;;;
:P642.23;0359

:A

:1674-0696(2014)01-085-05

Experimental Study on Impacting Characteristics of Debris Flow Heads

He Xiaoying , Chen Hongkai , Tang Hongmei , Zhu Xiuzhu
(Institute of Geotechnical Engineering , Chongqing Jiaotong University , Chongqing 400074 , China)
Abstract : In analyzing the condition of Pingchuan debtis flow , the physical experimental model was established to analyze the impacting characteristics of debris flow heads. 85 groups impacting tests were can'i ed out , with the compounding of 5

slu V1SCOS1-

ties , 5 solid phase ratios and 4 grain diameters , to discuss the impacting characteristics of debris flow heads. Th e results show
that e

effect of debris flow heads is decrease with the increase of the

than O. 72 Pa . s , the debris flow heads

disappear.le

cosity and solid phase ratio , and when the

2. 6 , and 1. 6 s

correspondingly. le

slviscosity

and when the viscosity is equal

0 1'

more

impacting time of debtis flow heads reduces with the increase of sl

slunviscosity

V1S

are 0 ,0. 13 ,and 0.37 Pa' s , the mean impacting time partly be 7.4 ,

impacting peak value of the debtis flow head is the peak value of the whole impacting value

of debris flow when the slurry viscosity and solid phase ratio is low. And when they increase , the peak value of the head is no longer the peak value of the whole process. According to the expetimental and

imae

data , the configuration of debris flow can be

classified into three type including high speed-high intensity heads configuration , transitional type heads configuration , and low
speed-low intensity

heds

configuration.

Key words: debris flow heads; impact force; model test , slurry viscosity; solid phase ratio

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126. com c

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86

33

j Z. F. Haza [7]

0.164

-0.439 m/ s

4.47 127. 72 Pa j T. Ilstad ]

j S. T. Lancaster [9]

;[

Fig.2

Force of debris flow heads

[ 12]
(V r

vJ

jR. M. Iverson[ll]

[ O

3 0

()(
) 10

Fig. 3

Interacting force between solid phase and fluid phase

in element debris flow heads

Fr ;Fsf F fs
( );F

Binhanm

T =T B

dV r
I dVr \ 2

Fig. 1 Two-phase equivalent model of debris flow

:TB B
m

hanm Paj

2)

Pa. SjPf

k g/ m 3 jL

mjdv/dy

F :

F = GsinO +

Gmcos

(1)
(2)

G = gh [(Ps -Pr) +PrJ

2

Gm = ; gh

[ -Pr) rJ

(3)

(
)
()

:0 (O);G G m

Pajh

mjps Pr kg/m j

F R :

F R = (sG s +rGf)Cose

(4)

:s'f

2.2

5 ( : Pa . s) (0 ,

2.1

87

0.13 0.37 0.72 0.93) 5 r( 0 , 0.02

0.04 ,0.08 , 0.16) 4 d (cm) (

15.0 m 0.5 m 0.6 m ,

0.075-0.2 0.3 -0.5 0.8

3.6 mj 27 10 0 0

1. 5) :Crd ( 1 2

1. 5 0.26

3 ,4 , 5 j r

( 4 5)

-1. 0 1. 3-

= 1 , 2 , 3 ,4 ,5 j d = 1 2 3 4) 85

NDJ-l

!I"_ \J \

2.3

;II"~;

5%Oj DH5922
l Hz jFastcamulti-

mal024 400 t

:
;
;

0
0

Fig. 4

( :m)

Designing plane figure

of e

testing model

3.1

1[

F g.5

TIg

model

of e

debris Oow movement and impacting

properti

Table 1

///

kPa

kPa

CI1 0

5.99

5.99

10.90

C12I

7.23

7.23

C I22

6.81

C123

7.06

C I24
C I3I

10

hnpacting force of debris f1 0w heads

///

///

kPa

kPa

kPa

kPa

C210

8.48

7.30

6.50

C310

9.47

2.84

1. 20

10.60

C221

14.05

14.05

5.00

C321

13.58

4.97

1. 10

6.81

8.40

12.48

3.40

C322

11.49

3.51

0.70

8.20

13.08

6.67

1. 00

C323

12.18

3.19

1. 80

12.30

11. 10

7.70

C222
C223
C224

12.48

7.06

15.06

15.06

3.80

C324

12.34

7.06

2.40

7.71

6.63

15.60

C231

1 1. 40

5.21

2.60

C331

11.70

5.08

1. 50

C332

12.51

4.03

3.10
0.90

C 132

11. 02

11. 02

10.30

C232

13.79

2.00

0.80

C 133

12.02

12.02

12.70

C233

15.69

8.61

2.20

C333

10.37

4.87

14.18

8.49

1. 90
1. 20

C I34

11.95

11.95

6.40

C234

10.24

5.50

0.90

C334

C I41

11. 28

11. 04

5.80

C241

14.48

9.17

3.90

C341

14.94

6.28

C I42

11. 69

10.79

5.40

10.35

3.97

1. 50

4.26

1. 50

11.28

4.70

2.30

12.88

4.84

1. 30

11. 15

4.51

2.40

1 1. 63

6.00

1. 60

C342
C343
C344

11. 21

C I43

10.98

9.47

1. 60

14.22

8.97

1. 90

C351

13.54

9.57

1. 90

C I44

14.45

10.78

4.10

C242
C243
C244

C l51

12.42

12.42

9.30

C251

C 152

11.38

7.64

3.80

C252

C 153

9.00

5.15

2.60

C25)

C35)

C I54

11.66

2.13

1. 60

C254

C354

C)52

()

88

33

UA

I-

l :
0.72 Pa . 8

1)

10

2)
=

0 Pa .

'"
4

7.48j =

0.13 Pa . 8
2.68j = 0.37 Pa . 8
1. 6 8

--"---.......J______..

10

20

4)

( =
0.04 =

O. 13 Pa . 8 , r = O. 02 ,

0.37 Pa . 8 , r = 0.02 )

30

40

50

/s

(h) c;r

3)

L_________---<-

______L....

C222 C224

Im pacting force figure of work condition

Fig.7

and

C 222

C 224

3.2.2

)1

( 8)0

3.2

DH5922

85
1
3

3.2.1

Fig. 8

Transitional type heads configuration

( 6)

, r > O. 08 C241 T
) (= O. 37 Pa 8 , r < o. 16

(=

0 , 0.13 Pa .

8 )

C 222 C 224 ( 7)0

(=

0 , O. 13 Pa .

C 322 )( 9)0

0:

-'"

10
B
6

4
2

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

35

40

/s

Fig.6

High speed-high intensity

hds

(a) C1

14

configuration

12

14

I nv

10

/OAU

rhu

hh

ET~

12

10
0

10

20

30

40

50

/s
(a)C"

15

20

25

30

/s
(h) c'"

Fig.9

9 C 241 C322
Im pacting force figure of work condition

C 241

and

C 322

3.2.3

89

;
2)

( 10)

( References) :
10

Fig. 10

[ 1 J -

[J J

Low speed-Iow intensity beads configuration.

(= O. 37 Pa .

S,T

uncoherent dis flow [J J. China Railway Science , 1996 , 17(3) :42-49.

[2J

> 0.08 C333 )

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( 1 1)

1996 17(3) :42-49

Sheng Shouchang ,Li Li angxun , Wei Hong. Experiments on the surge of

Ilstad T , ElverhA Issler D , et al. Sub- aqueous debris flow be

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using particle tracki [JJ. Marine Geology , 2004 , 213 :415-438

[3 J

[1] . 2004 (1 ) : 11-16

Chen Chunguang , Yao Lingkan , Yang Qinghua. Movement of debris

f1 0w head in main channel at the co nf1uence [J J . Joumal of Hy

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draulic Engineering , 2004 (1) : 11-16.

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Wang Zhaoyin. Experimental study oil debris f1 0w head and the energy
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[5 J

10

15

20

25

30

35

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. [JJ.
2004

(11) :707-712.

Hu Kai heng , Wei Fangqiang , Li Yong , el al. Characteristics of debris-

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[6J

[1]
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Chen Hongkai , Du Ronghuan , Tang

10

me

ch

n
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ro

n
h

[
7J

Ha
za

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bla

tm
s

I
E

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nn
r
m

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nt
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35

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11

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small mountain waters heds [J J. Water Resources Research , 2003 ,

C333 , C S42

Impacting force figure of work condition C 333 and C S42

Il stada T , Elverhbia A , Isslera D , et al. Sub- aqueous debris f10w behavior and its dependence on the san d/ clay ratio: a laboratory study

40

(b) C"

Fig.11

Hon et

Chon

n1
gq

19
J 130ton

g Univ

rsity:Na
e
tu

rral

14

-[ JJ
2001

oorOAM

[4J

[JJ. China Railway Science , 1996 , 17 (3) :50-62.

[11J

Ive

e
rson R M c pore-p
m
s fluc
ctu

1a
n

d
E .te
rial
s [
JJ.Advan

n
lCem
en
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[12J - [M]. : 1989: 156-163.

Qian Ning. The Hyper-concentrated Sediment Flow [MJ. Beijing:

85

Tsinghua University Press , 1989: 156-163

5084500

:
1) 0.72

Pa . s

[13J C}
n
method to calculate velocities of solid phase and liqui
id phase in

debris f1 0w [JJ. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics: English Edi.

tion , 2006 , 27 (3) : 357 -364