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HW-03 1206291992
HW-03 1206291992
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
1. A. Explain briefly with schematic drawing for the metal transfer mode in MAG
welding.
B. Explain with schematic drawings for MAG welding at high current range, the
metal transfer mode globular of metal droplets when CO2 is fully used as a
shielding gas, while the mode of spray can be produced when the mixed gas of 80%
Ar + 20% CO2 are used.
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
5. Explain the principle of inverter welding machines and give two advantages of
inverter welding machine when it is compared with the conventional SCR-type.
Inverter welding machines is a type of welding power supply capable of providing a high
current for welding. It uses a series of rectifiers and solid-state switches to convert AC
input power into DC output power.
Advantages:
6. Explain the definition of duty cycle in the electric welding machine, and provide
the formulas or equation for estimating the performance of welding machine.
A duty cycle is the percentage of one period in which a signal is active, the formula of duty
cycle is given below:
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
Where:
= I x (T/Ta)1/2
Ia
= 450A x (60/100)1/2
Ia
= 450 x 0.775
Ia
= 348.75 Amps
So, the maximum allowable current if the welding machines operated continuously without
idle for welding machine by using the capacity of welding power source of 450A at 60%
duty cycle is 348.75 Amps.
7. A. Explain the function of voltage reducing device in AC welding power source.
The device reduces, when the arc is halted, the voltage between the electrode holder and
base metal to be 25V or less.
B. Explain the meaning of the electrode code of E6010, E7018, E7028-B3, ER70T-6
and F72-EM12K.
METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
Electrode codes:
E6010
E = Electrode
60 = Minimum tensile strength of 60
= All position
= Cellulosic
E7018
E = Electrode
70 = Minimum tensile strength of 70
= All position
E7028-B3
E = Electrode
70 = Minimum tensile strength of 70
2
ER70T-6
ER = Electrode or rod
70 = Minimum tensile strength of 70
T = Tubular
6
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
8. Why are some types of electrodes for SMAW needed to be dried before use. What
factors should be considered and what happens when the electrodes were not dried in
welding for HSLA steel.
Because the re-drying process is useful for enhancing and optimizing the performance level
of welding process.
9. What is the effect of electrode polarity (+ and -) on the weld penetration for (a)
consumable electrode (SMAW & GMAW) and (b) a non-consumable electrode
(GTAW & PAW). Give schematic drawing for them.
ANDARADHI NARARYA/1206291992
10. Explain the advantages and disadvantages when using a gas mixture of AR + CO 2
compared with fully CO2.
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
More expensive