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Heats and Free Energies of Formation - Heats of Combustion
Heats and Free Energies of Formation - Heats of Combustion
TABLE 2-220
2-187
The values given in the following table for the heats and free energies of formation of inorganic compounds are derived from (a) Bichowsky and Rossini, Thermochemistry of the Chemical Substances, Reinhold, New York, 1936; (b) Latimer, Oxidation States of the Elements and Their Potentials in Aqueous Solution, PrenticeHall, New York, 1938; (c) the tables of the American Petroleum Institute Research Project 44 at the National Bureau of Standards; and (d) the tables of Selected Values
of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of the National Bureau of Standards. The reader is referred to the preceding books and tables for additional details as to methods of calculation, standard states, and so on.
Compound
Aluminum
Al
AlBr3
Al4C3
AlCl3
AlF3
AlI3
AlN
Al(NH4)(SO4)2
Al(NH4)(SO4)212H2O
Al(NO3)36H2O
Al(NO3)39H2O
Al2O3
Al(OH)3
Al2O3SiO2
Al2O3SiO2
Al2O3SiO2
3Al2O32SiO2
Al2S3
Al2(SO4)3
Al2(SO4)36H2O
Al2(SO4)318H2O
Antimony
Sb
SbBr3
SbCl3
SbCl5
SbF3
SbI3
Sb2O3
Sb2O4
Sb2O5
Sb2S3
Arsenic
As
AsBr3
AsCl3
AsF3
AsH3
AsI3
As2O3
As2O5
As2S3
Barium
Ba
BaBr2
BaCl2
Ba(ClO3)2
Ba(ClO4)2
Ba(CN)2
Ba(CNO)2
BaCN2
BaCO3
BaCrO4
State
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 600
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
c, corundum
c
c, sillimanite
c, disthene
c, andalusite
c, mullite
c
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
l
c
c
c, I, orthorhombic
c, II, octahedral
c
c
c, black
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
0.00
123.4
209.5
30.8
163.8
243.9
329
360.8
72.8
163.4
57.7
561.19
1419.36
680.89
897.59
399.09
304.8
648.7
642.4
642.0
1874
121.6
820.99
893.9
1268.15
2120
0.00
59.9
91.3
104.8
216.6
22.8
165.4
166.6
213.0
230.0
38.2
c
c
l
l
g
c
c
c
c
amorphous
0.00
45.9
80.2
223.76
43.6
13.6
154.1
217.9
20
34.76
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 300
c
aq, 1600
c
aq, 800
c
c
aq
c
c, witherite
c
0.00
180.38
185.67
205.25
207.92
176.6
170.0
210.2
48
212.1
63.6
284.2
342.2
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
0.00
189.2
29.0
209.5
312.6
152.5
50.4
486.17
1179.26
526.32
376.87
272.9
739.53
759.3
1103.39
Compound
Barium (Cont.)
BaF2
BaH2
Ba(HCO3)2
BaI2
Ba(IO3)2
BaMoO4
Ba3N2
Ba(NO2)2
Ba(NO3)2
BaO
Ba(OH)2
BaOSiO2
Ba3(PO4)2
BaPtCl6
BaS
BaSO3
BaSO4
BaWO4
Beryllium
Be
BeBr2
0.00
77.8
146.0
186.6
196.1
36.9
0.00
70.5
212.27
37.7
134.8
183.9
20
0.00
183.0
196.5
134.4
155.3
180.7
271.4
BeCl2
BeI2
Be3N2
BeO
Be(OH)2
BeS
BeSO4
Bismuth
Bi
BiCl3
BiI3
BiO
Bi2O3
Bi(OH)3
Bi2S3
Bi2(SO4)3
Boron
B
BBr3
BCl3
BF3
B2H6
BN
B2O3
B(OH)3
B2S3
Bromine
Br2
BrCl
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
c
aq, 1600
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
c
c
aq
c
aq, 600
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
287.9
284.6
40.8
459
144.6
155.17
264.5
237.50
370
90.7
184.5
179.05
236.99
227.74
133.0
225.9
237.76
363
992
284.9
111.2
282.5
340.2
402
c
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
aq
0.00
79.4
142
112.6
163.9
39.4
112
134.5
145.3
215.6
56.1
281
c
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
90.5
101.6
24
27
49.5
137.1
171.1
43.9
607.1
c
l
g
g
g
g
c
c
gls
c
c
0.00
52.7
44.6
94.5
265.2
7.5
32.1
302.0
297.6
260.0
56.6
l
g
g
0.00
7.47
3.06
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
265.3
31.5
414.4
158.52
198.35
150.75
189.94
209.02
313.4
0.00
127.9
141.4
103.4
122.4
138.3
254.8
0.00
76.4
43.2
117.9
39.1
0.00
50.9
90.8
261.0
19.9
27.2
282.9
280.3
229.4
0.00
0.931
0.63
2-188
TABLE 2-220
Compound
Cadmium
Cd
CdBr2
CdCl2
Cd(CN)2
CdCO3
CdI2
Cd3N2
Cd(NO3)2
CdO
Cd(OH)2
CdS
CdSO4
Calcium
Ca
CaBr2
CaC2
CaCl2
CaCN2
Ca(CN)2
CaCO3
CaCO3MgCO3
CaC2O4
Ca(C2H3O2)2
CaF2
CaH2
CaI2
Ca3N2
Ca(NO3)2
Ca(NO3)22H2O
Ca(NO3)23H2O
Ca(NO3)24H2O
CaO
Ca(OH)2
CaOSiO2
CaS
CaSO4
CaSO4aH2O
CaSO42H2O
CaWO4
Carbon
C
CO
CO2
Cerium
Ce
CeN
Cesium
Cs
CsBr
CsCl
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
aq, 400
0.00
75.8
76.6
92.149
96.44
36.2
178.2
48.40
47.46
39.8
115.67
62.35
135.0
34.5
222.23
232.635
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq
c
c
aq
c, calcite
c, aragonite
c
c
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 800
c, II, wollastonite
c, I, pseudowollastonite
c
c, insoluble form
c, soluble form
c, soluble form
c
c
c
0.00
162.20
187.19
14.8
190.6
209.15
85
43.3
289.5
289.54
558.8
332.2
356.3
364.1
290.2
286.5
46
128.49
156.63
103.2
224.05
228.29
367.95
439.05
509.43
151.7
235.58
239.2
377.9
376.6
114.3
338.73
336.58
335.52
376.13
479.33
387
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
0.00
70.7
67.6
81.889
81.2
163.2
43.22
71.05
55.28
113.7
33.6
194.65
0.00
181.86
16.0
179.8
195.36
54.0
270.8
270.57
311.3
264.1
35.7
157.37
88.2
177.38
293.57
351.58
409.32
144.3
213.9
207.9
357.5
356.6
113.1
311.9
309.8
308.8
425.47
c, graphite
c, diamond
g
g
0.00
0.453
26.416
94.052
0.00
0.685
32.808
94.260
c
c
0.00
78.2
0.00
70.8
0.00
97.64
91.39
106.31
102.01
0.00
c
c
aq, 500
c
aq, 400
94.86
101.61
Compound
Cesium (Cont.)
Cs2CO3
CsF
CsH
CsHCO3
CsI
CsNH2
CsNO3
Cs2O
CsOH
Cs2S
Cs2SO4
Chlorine
Cl2
ClF
ClO
ClO2
ClO3
Cl2O
Cl2O7
Chromium
Cr
CrBr3
Cr3C2
Cr4C
CrCl2
CrF2
CrF3
CrI2
CrO3
Cr2O3
Cr2(SO4)3
Cobalt
Co
CoBr2
Co3C
CoCl2
CoCO3
CoF2
CoI2
Co(NO3)2
CoO
Co3O4
Co(OH)2
Co(OH)3
CoS
Co2S3
CoSO4
Columbium
Cb
Cb2O5
Copper
Cu
CuBr
CuBr2
CuCl
CuCl2
State
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 2000
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 200
c
c
aq
g
g
g
g
g
g
g
c
aq
c
c
c
aq
c
c
c
aq
c
c
aq
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
271.88
131.67
140.48
12
230.6
226.6
83.91
75.74
28.2
121.14
111.54
82.1
100.2
117.0
87
344.86
340.12
0.00
25.7
33
24.7
37
18.20
63
0.00
21.008
16.378
103.1
152
231
63.7
139.3
268.8
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
135.98
7.30
210.56
82.61
96.53
107.87
316.66
0.00
29.5
22.40
0.00
122.7
21.20
16.74
93.8
102.1
64.1
249.3
626.3
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 400
0.00
55.0
73.61
9.49
76.9
95.58
172.39
172.98
24.2
43.15
102.8
114.9
57.5
196.5
131.5
177.0
22.3
40.0
216.6
c
c
0.00
462.96
0.00
0.00
26.7
34.0
42.4
31.4
48.83
64.7
0.00
23.8
c
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
0.00
61.96
7.08
66.6
75.46
155.36
144.2
37.4
65.3
108.9
142.0
19.8
188.9
33.25
24.13
Compound
Copper (Cont.)
CuClO4
Cu(ClO3)2
Cu(ClO4)2
CuI
CuI2
Cu3N
Cu(NO3)2
CuO
Cu2O
Cu(OH)2
CuS
Cu2S
CuSO4
Cu2SO4
Erbium
Er
Er(OH)3
Fluorine
F2
F 2O
Gallium
Ga
GaBr3
GaCl3
GaN
Ga2O
Ga2O3
Germanium
Ge
Ge3N4
GeO2
Gold
Au
AuBr
AuBr3
AuCl
AuCl3
AuI
Au2O3
Au(OH)3
Hafnium
Hf
HfO2
Hydrogen
H3AsO3
H3AsO4
HBr
HBrO
HBrO3
HCl
HCN
HClO
HClO3
HClO4
HC2H3O2
H2C2O4
HCOOH
2-189
State
aq
aq, 400
aq
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 200
c
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 800
c
aq
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
28.3
1.34
15.4
5.5
16.66
17.8
4.8
11.9
17.78
73.1
83.6
38.5
43.00
108.9
11.6
18.97
184.7
200.78
179.6
8.76
36.6
31.9
38.13
85.5
11.69
20.56
158.3
160.19
152.0
c
c
0.00
326.8
0.00
g
g
0.00
5.5
0.00
9.7
Compound
Hydrogen (Cont.)
H2CO3
HF
HI
HIO
HIO3
HN3
HNO3
HNO3H2O
HNO33H2O
H2O
H2O2
H3PO2
H3PO3
H3PO4
H2S
c
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
92.4
125.4
26.2
84.3
259.9
0.00
c
c
c
0.00
15.7
128.6
0.00
c
c
c
aq
c
c
aq
c
c
c
0.00
3.4
14.5
11.0
8.3
28.3
32.96
0.2
11.0
100.6
0.00
H2S2
H2SO3
H2SO4
H2Se
H2SeO3
H2SeO4
24.47
H2SiO3
H4SiO4
H2Te
H2TeO3
4.21
0.76
18.71
H2TeO4
Indium
In
InBr3
InCl3
c
c
0.00
271.1
0.00
258.2
aq
c
aq
g
aq, 400
aq
aq
g
aq, 400
g
aq, 100
aq, 400
aq
aq, 660
l
aq, 400
c
aq, 300
l
aq, 200
175.6
214.9
214.8
8.66
28.80
25.4
11.51
22.063
39.85
31.1
24.2
28.18
23.4
31.4
116.2
116.74
196.7
194.6
97.8
98.0
153.04
183.93
12.72
24.58
19.90
5.00
22.778
31.330
27.94
26.55
19.11
0.25
10.70
93.56
96.8
165.64
82.7
85.1
InI3
InN
In2O3
Iodine
I2
IBr
ICl
ICl3
I2O5
Iridium
Ir
IrCl
IrCl2
IrCl3
IrF6
IrO2
Iron
Fe
FeBr2
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
aq
g
aq, 200
g
aq, 400
aq
c
aq
g
g
l
aq, 400
l
l
g
l
l
aq, 200
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 400
g
aq, 2000
l
aq, 200
l
aq, 400
g
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
c
g
c
aq
aq
167.19
64.2
75.75
6.27
13.47
38
56.77
54.8
70.3
31.99
41.35
49.210
112.91
252.15
57.7979
68.3174
45.16
45.80
145.5
145.6
232.2
232.2
306.2
309.32
4.77
9.38
3.6
146.88
193.69
212.03
20.5
18.1
126.5
122.4
130.23
143.4
267.8
340.6
36.9
145.0
145.0
165.6
c
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
0.00
97.2
112.9
128.5
145.6
56.5
67.2
4.8
222.47
c
g
g
g
c
c
0.00
14.88
10.05
4.20
21.8
42.5
0.00
4.63
1.24
1.32
6.05
c
c
c
c
l
c
0.00
20.5
40.6
60.5
130
40.14
0.00
16.9
32.0
46.5
0.00
57.15
78.7
0.00
c,
c
aq, 540
149.0
64.7
0.365
12.35
23.33
32.25
78.50
17.57
19.05
78.36
193.70
54.6351
56.6899
28.23
31.47
120.0
204.0
270.0
7.85
128.54
17.0
18.4
101.36
247.9
33.1
115.7
0.00
97.2
117.5
60.5
69.47
2-190
TABLE 2-220
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
aq
c
l
c, siderite
c
aq
c
aq, 2000
aq, 1200
c
aq
aq
c
aq
aq, 800
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c, pyrites
c, marcasite
c
aq, 400
aq, 400
c, ilmenite
95.5
5.69
187.6
172.4
81.9
100.0
96.4
128.5
177.2
24.2
47.7
49.7
2.55
118.9
156.5
64.62
198.5
266.9
135.9
197.3
273.5
13
19.0
22.64
38.62
33.0
221.3
236.2
653.3
295.51
76.26
4.24
c
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
aq
0.00
253.1
284.7
160
72.0
539
148.3
351.4
972
c
c
aq
c, cerussite
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq
c
c
c
aq, 400
c, red
c, yellow
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
66.24
56.4
167.6
232.6
234.2
205.3
85.68
82.5
159.5
41.77
106.88
99.46
51.72
50.86
65.0
172.4
123.0
22.38
218.5
0.00
62.06
54.97
150.0
c
c
aq, 400
aq
c
aq
aq
0.00
83.75
95.40
77.9
13.0
31.4
101.2
0.00
Compound
Iron (Cont.)
FeBr3
Fe3C
Fe(CO)5
FeCO3
FeCl2
FeCl3
FeF2
FeI2
FeI3
Fe4N
Fe(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)3
FeO
Fe2O3
Fe3O4
Fe(OH)2
Fe(OH)3
FeOSiO2
Fe2P
FeSi
FeS
FeS2
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
FeTiO3
Lanthanum
La
LaCl3
La3H8
LaN
La2O3
LaS2
La2S3
La2(SO4)3
Lead
Pb
PbBr2
PbCO3
Pb(C2H3O2)2
PbC2O4
PbCl2
PbF2
PbI2
Pb(NO3)2
PbO
PbO2
Pb3O4
Pb(OH)2
PbS
PbSO4
Lithium
Li
LiBr
LiBrO3
Li2C2
LiCN
LiCNO
State
154.8
72.6
83.0
96.5
151.7
45
39.5
0.862
72.8
81.3
59.38
179.1
242.3
115.7
166.3
23.23
35.93
195.5
196.4
533.4
277.06
0.00
Compound
Lithium (Cont.)
LiC2H3O2
Li2CO3
LiCl
LiClO3
LiClO4
LiF
LiH
LiHCO3
LiI
LiIO3
Li3N
LiNO3
Li2O
Li2O2
LiOH
LiOHH2O
Li2OSiO2
Li2Se
Li2SO4
Li2SO4H2O
Magnesium
Mg
Mg(AsO4)2
MgBr2
64.6
184.40
75.04
68.47
148.1
41.47
58.3
45.53
43.88
52.0
142.2
102.2
21.98
192.9
95.28
65.70
31.35
94.12
Mg(CN)2
MgCN2
Mg(C2H3O2)2
MgCO3
MgCl2
MgCl2H2O
MgCl22H2O
MgCl24H2O
MgCl26H2O
MgF2
MgI2
MgMoO4
Mg3N2
Mg(NO3)2
Mg(NO3)22H2O
Mg(NO3)26H2O
MgO
MgOSiO2
Mg(OH)2
MgS
MgSO4
MgTe
MgWO4
Manganese
Mn
MnBr2
Mn3C
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
aq
c
aq, 1900
c
aq, 278
aq
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 2000
c
aq, 400
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
gls
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
183.9
289.7
293.1
97.63
106.45
87.5
106.3
145.57
144.85
22.9
231.1
65.07
80.09
121.3
47.45
115.350
115.88
142.3
151.9
159
116.58
121.47
188.92
374
84.9
95.5
340.23
347.02
411.57
c
c
aq
c
aq, 400
aq
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
c, ppt.
c, brucite
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
c
0.00
731.3
749
123.9
167.33
39.7
61
344.6
261.7
153.220
189.76
230.970
305.810
453.820
597.240
263.8
86.8
136.79
329.9
115.2
188.770
209.927
336.625
624.48
143.84
347.5
221.90
223.9
84.2
108
304.94
325.4
25
345.2
c,
c
aq
c
0.00
91
106
1.1
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
160.00
269.8
267.58
102.03
70.95
81.4
136.40
210.98
83.03
102.95
37.33
96.95
138.0
106.44
108.29
105.64
314.66
375.07
0.00
630.14
156.94
29.08
286.38
241.7
143.77
205.93
267.20
387.98
505.45
132.45
100.8
140.66
160.28
496.03
136.17
326.7
200.17
193.3
277.7
283.88
0.00
97.8
1.26
Compound
Manganese (Cont.)
Mn(C2H3O2)2
MnCO3
MnC2O4
MnCl2
MnF2
MnI2
Mn5N2
Mn(NO3)2
Mn(NO3)2.6H2O
MnO
MnO2
Mn2O3
Mn3O4
MnO.SiO2
Mn(OH)2
Mn(OH)3
Mn3(PO4)2
MnSe
MnS
MnSO4
Mn2(SO4)3
Mercury
Hg
HgBr
HgBr2
Hg(C2H3O2)2
HgCl2
HgCl
Hg2Cl2
Hg(CN)2
HgC2O4
HgH
HgI2
HgI
Hg2I2
Hg(NO3)2
Hg2(NO3)2
HgO
Hg2O
HgS
HgSO4
Hg2SO4
Molybdenum
Mo
Mo2C
Mo2N
MoO2
MoO3
MoS2
MoS3
Nickel
Ni
NiBr2
Ni3C
Ni(C2H3O2)2
Ni(CN)2
NiCl2
2-191
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
c
aq
c
c
c
aq, 400
aq, 1200
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c, green
c
aq, 400
c
aq
270.3
282.7
211
240.9
112.0
128.9
206.1
49.8
76.2
57.77
134.9
148.0
557.07
92.04
124.58
229.5
331.65
301.3
163.4
221
736
26.3
47.0
254.18
265.2
635
657
l
g
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
g
c
c
aq, 1110
c
g
c, red
g
c
aq
aq
c, red
c, yellow ppt.
c
c, black
c
c
0.00
23
40.68
38.4
196.3
192.5
53.4
50.3
19
63.13
62.8
66.25
159.3
57.1
25.3
33
28.88
56.8
58.5
21.6
20.8
21.6
10.7
166.6
177.34
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
4.36
8.3
130
180.39
56.27
61.48
c
c
aq
c
aq
aq
c
0.00
53.4
72.6
9.2
249.6
230.9
75.0
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 200
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 200
94.34
157.5
171.6
22.4
42.0
101.5
113.5
58.4
129.8
163.2
20.4
216
231.3
74.19
g
g
g
aq, 200
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 500
aq
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
l
l
c
g
g
g
g
c
l
g
0.00
27
10.96
19.27
64.57
60.27
148.1
148.58
0.7
3.6
17.8
12.3
223.4
266.3
260.6
75.23
71.20
69.4
63.2
276.9
271.3
111.6
110.2
48.43
44.97
87.40
80.89
87.59
55.21
281.74
279.33
12.06
57.96
232.2
19.55
21.600
7.96
2.23
10.0
11.6
12.8
Compound
State
Nickel (Cont.)
227.2
192.5
102.2
180.0
73.3
46.49
101.1
441.2
86.77
111.49
209.9
306.22
282.1
143.1
190
27.5
48.0
228.41
NiF2
NiI2
Ni(NO3)2
NiO
Ni(OH)2
Ni(OH)3
NiS
NiSO4
Nitrogen
N2
NF3
NH3
NH4Br
NH4C2H3O2
NH4CN
NH4CNS
0.00
18
38.8
9.74
139.2
42.2
23.25
14
(NH4)2CO3
(NH4)2C2O4
NH4Cl
NH4ClO4
(NH4)2CrO4
NH4F
NH4I
NH4NO3
52.25
24.0
23
26.53
13.09
15.65
13.94
12.80
8.80
149.12
0.00
2.91
118.0
162.01
54.19
57.38
0.00
60.7
8.88
190.1
66.3
NH4OH
(NH4)2S
(NH4)2SO4
N2H4
N2H4H2O
N2H4H2SO4
N2O
NO
NO2
N2O4
N2O5
NOBr
NOCl
Osmium
Os
OsO4
Oxygen
O2
O3
Palladium
Pd
PdO
Phosphorus
P
P
142.9
36.2
64.0
51.7
105.6
187.6
0.00
3.903
43.54
108.26
20.4
4.4
164.1
196.2
48.59
21.1
209.3
84.7
31.3
14.50
215.06
214.02
24.82
20.719
12.26
23.41
19.26
16.1
c
c
g
0.00
93.6
80.1
0.00
70.9
68.1
g
g
0.00
33.88
0.00
38.86
c
c
0.00
20.40
0.00
c, white (yellow)
c, red (violet)
g
0.00
4.22
150.35
0.00
1.80
141.88
2-192
TABLE 2-220
Compound
Phosphorus (Cont.)
P2
P4
PBr3
PBr5
PCl3
PCl5
PH3
PI3
P2O5
POCl3
Platinum
Pt
PtBr4
PtCl2
PtCl4
PtI4
Pt(OH)2
PtS
PtS2
Potassium
K
K3AsO3
K3AsO4
KH2AsO4
KBr
KBrO3
KC2H3O2
KCl
KClO3
KClO4
KCN
KCNO
KCNS
K2CO3
K2C2O4
K2CrO4
K2Cr2O7
KF
K3Fe(CN)6
K4Fe(CN)6
KH
KHCO3
KI
KIO3
KIO4
KMnO4
K2MoO4
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
g
g
l
c
g
l
g
g
c
c
g
33.82
13.2
45
60.6
70.0
76.8
91.0
2.21
10.9
360.0
138.4
c
c
aq
c
c
aq
c
c
c
c
0.00
40.6
50.7
34
62.6
82.3
18
87.5
20.18
26.64
c
aq
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 1667
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 180
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
aq, 2000
c
aq, 500
c
aq, 400
aq
c
aq, 400
aq, 880
0.00
323.0
390.3
271.2
94.06
89.19
81.58
71.68
173.80
177.38
104.348
100.164
93.5
81.34
103.8
101.14
28.1
25.3
99.6
94.5
47.0
41.07
274.01
280.90
319.9
315.5
333.4
328.2
488.5
472.1
134.50
138.36
48.4
34.5
131.8
119.9
10
229.8
224.85
78.88
73.95
121.69
115.18
98.1
192.9
182.5
364.2
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
24.60
5.89
65.2
63.3
73.2
1.45
127.2
0.00
Compound
Potassium (Cont.)
KNH2
KNO2
KNO3
K2O
K2OAl2O3SiO2
K2OAl2O3SiO2
KOH
K3PO3
K3PO4
KH2PO4
K2PtCl4
K2PtCl6
67.9
18.55
24.28
0.00
355.7
236.7
90.8
92.0
60.30
156.73
97.76
98.76
69.30
72.86
28.08
90.85
44.08
K2Se
K2SeO4
K2S
K2SO3
K2SO4
K2SO4Al2(SO4)3
K2SO4Al2(SO4)3
24H2O
K2S2O6
Rhenium
Re
ReF6
Rhodium
Rh
RhO
Rh2O
Rh2O3
Rubidium
Rb
RbBr
264.04
RbCN
Rb2CO3
293.1
RbCl
306.3
440.9
133.13
5.3
207.71
77.37
79.76
101.87
99.68
169.1
168.0
342.9
RbF
RbHCO3
RbI
RbNH2
RbNO3
Rb2O
Rb2O2
RbOH
Ruthenium
Ru
RuS2
Selenium
Se
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
c, leucite
gls
c, adularia
c, microcline
gls
c
aq, 400
aq
aq
c
c
aq
c
aq, 9400
c
aq
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
28.25
86.0
118.08
109.79
86.2
1379.6
1368.2
1784.5
1784.5
1747
102.02
114.96
397.5
478.7
362.7
254.7
242.6
299.5
286.1
74.4
83.4
267.1
121.5
110.75
267.7
269.7
342.65
336.48
1178.38
c
c
2895.44
418.62
2455.68
c
g
0.00
274
0.00
c
c
c
c
0.00
21.7
22.7
68.3
0.00
0.00
95.82
45.0
90.54
25.9
273.22
282.61
105.06
53.6
101.06
133.23
139.31
230.01
225.59
81.04
31.2
74.57
27.74
119.22
110.52
82.9
107
101.3
115.8
0.00
c
c
g
aq, 500
aq
c
aq, 220
c
g
aq,
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 2000
c
g
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
aq, 200
c
c
c, I, hexagonal
75.9
94.29
93.68
105.0
443.3
326.1
226.5
263.6
99.10
240.0
111.44
251.3
314.62
310.96
1068.48
52.50
93.38
263.78
98.48
57.9
100.13
134.5
209.07
40.5
81.13
95.05
106.39
0.00
46.99
0.00
44.11
0.00
0.00
Compound
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
SiF4
SiH4
SiI4
Si3N4
SiO2
Silver
Ag
AgBr
Ag2C2
AgC2H3O2
AgCN
Ag2CO3
Ag2C2O4
AgCl
AgF
AgI
AgIO3
AgNO2
AgNO3
Ag2O
Ag2S
Ag2SO4
Sodium
Na
Na3AsO3
Na3AsO4
NaBr
NaBrO
NaBrO3
NaC2H3O2
NaCN
NaCNO
NaCNS
Na2CO3
NaCO2NH2
Na2C2O4
NaCl
NaClO3
NaClO4
Compound
State
Sodium (Cont.)
Selenium (Cont.)
Se2Cl2
SeF6
SeO2
Silicon
Si
SiBr4
SiC
SiCl4
2-193
0.2
22.06
246
56.33
13.73
222
c
l
c
l
g
g
g
c
c
c, cristobalite,
1600 form
c, cristobalite,
1100 form
c, quartz
c, tridymite
0.00
93.0
28
150.0
142.5
370
14.8
29.8
179.25
202.62
0.00
c
c
c
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
aq
c
aq, 6500
c
c
c
aq
0.00
23.90
84.5
95.9
91.7
33.8
119.5
158.7
30.11
48.7
53.1
15.14
42.02
11.6
2.9
29.4
24.02
6.95
5.5
170.1
165.8
c
aq, 500
c
aq, 500
c
aq, 400
aq
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 200
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 1000
c
c
aq, 600
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
0.00
314.61
366
381.97
86.72
86.33
78.9
68.89
170.45
175.450
22.47
22.29
96.3
91.7
39.94
38.23
269.46
275.13
142.17
313.8
309.92
98.321
97.324
83.59
78.42
101.12
27.4
133.9
133.0
360
9.4
154.74
Na2Cr2O7
NaF
NaH
NaHCO3
NaI
NaIO3
Na2MoO4
NaNO2
NaNO3
202.46
203.35
203.23
Na2CrO4
190.4
0.00
23.02
70.86
38.70
103.0
25.98
47.26
16.17
24.08
3.76
9.99
7.66
7.81
2.23
7.6
146.8
139.22
0.00
341.17
87.17
57.59
152.31
23.24
86.00
39.24
249.55
251.36
283.42
91.894
93.92
62.84
Na2O
Na2O2
Na2OSiO2
Na2OAl2O33SiO2
Na2OAl2O34SiO2
NaOH
Na3PO3
Na3PO4
Na2PtCl4
Na2PtCl6
Na2Se
Na2SeO4
Na2S
Na2SO3
Na2SO4
Na2SO410H2O
Na2WO4
Strontium
Sr
SrBr2
Sr(C2H3O2)2
Sr(CN)2
SrCO3
SrCl2
SrF2
Sr(HCO3)2
SrI2
Sr3N2
Sr(NO3)2
SrO
SrOSiO2
SrO2
Sr2O
Sr(OH)2
Sr3(PO4)2
SrS
aq, 476
c
aq, 800
aq, 1200
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq
c
aq,
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
c, natrolite
c
c
aq, 400
aq, 1000
c
aq, 400
aq
c
aq
c
aq, 440
c
aq, 800
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 800
c
aq, 1100
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq
aq
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq
c
aq, 400
c
c
aq, 400
c
gls
c
c
c
aq, 800
c
aq
c
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
97.66
319.8
323.0
465.9
135.94
135.711
14
226.0
222.1
69.28
71.10
112.300
364
358.7
86.6
83.1
111.71
106.880
99.45
119.2
383.91
1180
1366
101.96
112.193
389.1
457
471.9
237.2
272.1
280.9
59.1
78.1
254
261.5
89.8
105.17
261.2
264.1
330.50
330.82
1033.85
391
381.5
73.29
0.00
171.0
187.24
358.0
364.4
59.5
290.9
197.84
209.20
289.0
459.1
136.1
156.70
91.4
233.2
228.73
140.8
364
153.3
153.6
228.7
239.4
980
985
113.1
296.58
431.18
129.0
128.29
9.30
202.66
202.87
74.92
94.84
333.18
71.04
87.62
88.84
90.06
105.0
361.49
90.60
100.18
428.74
216.78
89.42
230.30
101.76
240.14
241.58
302.38
301.28
870.52
345.18
0.00
182.36
311.80
54.50
271.9
195.86
413.76
157.87
76.5
185.70
133.7
139.0
208.27
881.54
2-194
TABLE 2-220
Compound
State
Strontium (Cont.)
SrSO4
SrWO4
Sulfur
S
S2
S6
S8
S2Br2
SCl4
S2Cl2
S2Cl4
SF6
SO
SO2
SO3
SO2Cl2
Tantalum
Ta
TaN
Ta2O5
Tellurium
Te
TeBr4
TeCl4
TeF6
TeO2
Thallium
Tl
TlBr
TlCl
TlCl3
TlF
TlI
TlNO3
Tl2O
Tl2O3
TlOH
Tl2S
Tl2SO4
Thorium
Th
ThBr4
ThC2
ThCl4
ThI4
Th3N4
ThO2
Th(OH)4
Th(SO4)2
aq
c
aq, 400
c
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
120.4
345.3
345.0
393
109.78
0.00
0.071
0.257
309.30
0.00
0.023
0.072
0.071
43.57
19.36
13.97
12.770
53.25
31.02
27.78
27.090
4
13.7
14.2
24.1
262
19.02
70.94
94.39
103.03
105.09
105.92
109.34
82.04
89.80
237
12.75
71.68
88.59
88.28
88.22
88.34
88.98
74.06
75.06
c
c
c
0.00
51.2
486.0
0.00
45.11
453.7
c
c
c
g
c
0.00
49.3
77.4
315
77.56
0.00
c
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
aq
c
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
aq
c
c
aq, 800
0.00
41.5
28.0
49.37
38.4
82.4
91.0
77.6
31.1
12.7
58.2
48.4
43.18
120
57.44
53.9
22
222.8
214.1
c
c
aq
c
c
aq
aq
c
c
c, soluble
c
aq
0.00
281.5
352.0
45.1
335
392
292.0
309.0
291.6
336.1
632
668.1
5.90
57.4
292
64.66
0.00
39.43
32.34
44.46
39.09
44.25
73.46
31.3
20.09
36.32
34.01
45.54
45.35
197.79
191.62
0.00
Tin
Sn
SnBr2
SnCl2
SnCl4
SnI2
SnO
SnO2
Sn(OH)2
Sn(OH)4
SnS
Titanium
Ti
TiC
TiCl4
TiN
TiO2
Tungsten
W
WO2
WO3
WS2
Uranium
U
UC2
UCl3
UCl4
U3N4
UO2
UO2(NO3)26H2O
UO3
U3O8
Vanadium
V
VCl2
VCl3
VCl4
VN
V2O2
V2O3
V2O4
V2O5
Zinc
Zn
ZnSb
ZnBr2
Zn(C2H3O2)2
Zn(CN)2
ZnCO3
ZnCl2
295.31
ZnF2
ZnI2
322.32
246.33
282.3
280.1
Zn(NO3)2
ZnO
ZnOSiO2
Zn(OH)2
ZnS
ZnSO4
549.2
c, II, tetragonal
c, III, gray, cubic
c
aq
c
aq
c
aq
l
aq
c
aq
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
0.6
61.4
60.0
94.8
110.6
83.6
81.7
127.3
157.6
38.9
33.3
67.7
138.1
136.2
268.9
18.61
68.94
110.4
124.67
c
c
l
c
c, III, rutil
amorphous
0.00
110
181.4
80.0
225.0
214.1
0.00
109.2
165.5
73.17
211.9
201.4
c
c
c
c
0.00
130.5
195.7
84
0.00
118.3
177.3
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
29
213
251
274
256.6
756.8
291.6
845.1
0.00
c
c
l
l
c
c
c
c
c
0.00
147
187
165
41.43
195
296
342
373
c
c
c
aq, 400
c
aq, 400
c
c
c
aq, 400
aq
c
aq
aq, 400
c, hexagonal
c
c, rhombic
c, wurtzite
c
aq, 400
0.00
3.6
77.0
93.6
259.4
269.4
17.06
192.9
99.9
115.44
192.9
50.50
61.6
134.9
83.36
282.6
153.66
45.3
233.4
252.12
Compound
SnBr4
c, rhombic
c, monoclinic
l,
l, equilibrium
g
g
g
g
l
l
l
l
g
g
g
g
l
c,
c,
c,
g
l
State
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
0.00
1.1
55.43
97.66
30.95
60.75
123.6
115.95
226.00
249.6
242.2
617.8
0.00
35.08
277
316
342
0.00
3.88
72.9
214.4
173.5
88.8
166.6
49.93
87.7
76.19
44.2
211.28
HEATS OF COMBUSTION
TABLE 2-220
2-195
Compound
State
Zirconium
Zr
ZrC
ZrCl4
ZrN
c
c
c
c
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
0.00
29.8
268.9
82.5
0.00
34.6
75.9
Compound
Zirconium (Cont.)
ZrO2
Zr(OH)4
ZrO(OH)2
Heat of
formation
H (formation) at
25C,
kcal/mole
State
c, monoclinic
c
c
258.5
411.0
337
Free energy
of formation F
(formation)
at 25C,
kcal/mole
244.6
307.6
The physical state is indicated as follows: c, crystal (solid); l, liquid; g, gas; gls, glass or solid supercooled liquid; aq, in aqueous solution. A number following the
symbol aq applies only to the values of the heats of formation (not to those of free energies of formation); and indicates the number of moles of water per mole of
solute; when no number is given, the solution is understood to be dilute. For the free energy of formation of a substance in aqueous solution, the concentration is
always that of the hypothetical solution of unit molality.
The increment in heat content, H, in the reaction of forming the given substance from its elements in their standard states. When H is negative, heat is evolved
in the process, and, when positive, heat is absorbed.
The heat of solution in water of a given solid, liquid, or gaseous compound is given by the difference in the value for the heat of formation of the given compound
in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state and its heat of formation in aqueous solution. The following two examples serve as an illustration of the procedure: (1) For NaCl(c)
and NaCl(aq, 400H2O), the values of H(formation) are, respectively, 98.321 and 97.324 kg-cal per mole. Subtraction of the first value from the second gives
H = 0.998 kg-cal per mole for the reaction of dissolving crystalline sodium chloride in 400 moles of water. When this process occurs at a constant pressure of 1 atm,
0.998 kg-cal of energy are absorbed. (2) For HCl(g) and HCl(aq, 400H2O), the values for H(formation) are, respectively, 22.06 and 39.85 kg-cal per mole. Subtraction of the first from the second gives H = 17.79 kg-cal per mole for the reaction of dissolving gaseous hydrogen chloride in 400 moles of water. At a constant
pressure of 1 atm, 17.79 kg-cal of energy are evolved in this process.
The increment in the free energy, F, in the reaction of forming the given substance in its standard state from its elements in their standard states. The standard
states are: for a gas, fugacity (approximately equal to the pressure) of 1 atm; for a pure liquid or solid, the substance at a pressure of 1 atm; for a substance in aqueous
solution, the hypothetical solution of unit molality, which has all the properties of the infinitely dilute solution except the property of concentration.
The free energy of solution of a given substance from its normal standard state as a solid, liquid, or gas to the hypothetical one molal state in aqueous solution may
be calculated in a manner similar to that described in footnote for calculating the heat of solution.
HEATS OF COMBUSTION
TABLE 2-221 Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies, and Net Enthalpies of Combustion of Inorganic
and Organic Compounds at 298.15 K
Cmpd.
no.
Name
Formula
CAS no.
Mol wt
Methane
Ethane
Propane
n-Butane
n-Pentane
n-Hexane
n-Heptane
n-Octane
n-Nonane
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
C7H16
C8H18
C9H20
74828
74840
74986
106978
109660
110543
142825
111659
111842
16.043
30.070
44.097
58.123
72.150
86.177
100.204
114.231
128.258
7.4520
8.3820
10.4680
12.5790
14.6760
16.6940
18.7650
20.8750
22.8740
5.0490
3.1920
2.4390
1.6700
0.8813
0.0066
0.8165
1.6000
2.4980
1.8627
2.2912
2.7020
3.0991
3.4945
3.8874
4.2798
4.6723
5.0640
0.8026
1.4286
2.0431
2.6573
3.2449
3.8551
4.4647
5.0742
5.6846
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
n-Decane
n-Undecane
n-Dodecane
n-Tridecane
n-Tetradecane
n-Pentadecane
n-Hexadecane
n-Heptadecane
n-Octadecane
n-Nonadecane
C10H22
C11H24
C12H26
C13H28
C14H30
C15H32
C16H34
C17H36
C18H38
C19H40
124185
1120214
112403
629505
629594
629629
544763
629787
593453
629925
142.285
156.312
170.338
184.365
198.392
212.419
226.446
240.473
254.500
268.527
24.9460
27.0430
29.0720
31.1770
33.2440
35.3110
37.4170
39.4450
41.5120
43.5790
3.3180
4.1160
4.9810
5.7710
6.5990
7.4260
8.2160
9.0830
9.9100
10.7400
5.4570
5.8493
6.2415
6.6337
7.0259
7.4181
7.8102
8.2023
8.5945
8.9866
6.2942
6.9036
7.5137
8.1229
8.7328
9.3424
9.9515
10.5618
11.1715
11.7812
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
n-Eicosane
2-Methylpropane
2-Methylbutane
2,3-Dimethylbutane
2-Methylpentane
2,3-Dimethylpentane
2,3,3-Trimethylpentane
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Ethylene
Propylene
C20H42
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
C6H14
C7H16
C8H18
C8H18
C2H4
C3H6
112958
75285
78784
79298
107835
565593
560214
540841
74851
115071
282.553
58.123
72.150
86.177
86.177
100.204
114.231
114.231
28.054
42.081
45.6460
13.4180
15.3700
17.6800
17.4550
19.4100
21.8450
22.4010
5.2510
1.9710
11.5700
2.0760
1.4050
0.3125
0.5338
0.5717
1.8280
1.3940
6.8440
6.2150
9.3787
2.9539
3.4374
3.6592
3.8089
4.1455
4.2702
4.2296
2.1920
2.6660
12.3908
2.6490
3.2395
3.8476
3.8492
4.4608
5.0688
5.0653
1.3230
1.9257
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2-196
TABLE 2-221 Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies, and Net Enthalpies of Combustion of Inorganic
and Organic Compounds (Continued )
Cmpd.
no.
Name
Formula
CAS no.
Mol wt
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
1-Butene
cis-2-Butene
trans-2-Butene
1-Pentene
1-Hexene
1-Heptene
1-Octene
1-Nonene
1-Decene
2-Methylpropene
C4H8
C4H8
C4H8
C5H10
C6H12
C7H14
C8H16
C9H18
C10H20
C4H8
106989
590181
624646
109671
592416
592767
111660
124118
872059
115117
56.108
56.108
56.108
70.134
84.161
98.188
112.215
126.242
140.269
56.108
0.0540
0.7400
1.1000
2.1300
4.2000
6.2800
8.3600
10.4000
12.4700
1.7100
7.0270
6.5360
6.3160
7.8450
8.7390
9.4830
10.3000
11.1500
11.9800
5.8080
3.0775
3.0120
2.9650
3.4699
3.8389
4.2549
4.6469
5.0399
5.4319
2.9309
2.5408
2.5339
2.5303
3.1296
3.7394
4.3489
4.9606
5.5684
6.1781
2.5242
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
2-Methyl-1-butene
2-Methyl-2-butene
1,2-Butadiene
1,3-Butadiene
2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene
Acetylene
Methylacetylene
Dimethylacetylene
3-Methyl-1-butyne
1-Pentyne
C5H10
C5H10
C4H6
C4H6
C5H8
C2H2
C3H4
C4H6
C5H8
C5H8
563462
513359
590192
106990
78795
74862
74997
503173
598232
627190
70.134
70.134
54.092
54.092
68.119
26.038
40.065
54.092
68.119
68.119
3.5300
4.1800
16.2300
10.9240
7.5730
22.8200
18.4900
14.5700
13.8000
14.4400
6.6680
6.0450
19.8600
14.9720
14.5896
21.0680
19.3840
18.4900
20.7200
21.0300
3.3950
3.3860
2.9300
2.7889
3.1564
2.0081
2.4836
2.8330
3.1890
3.2980
3.1159
3.1088
2.4617
2.4090
2.9842
1.2570
1.8487
2.4189
3.0460
3.0510
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
2-Pentyne
1-Hexyne
2-Hexyne
3-Hexyne
1-Heptyne
1-Octyne
Vinylacetylene
Cyclopentane
Methylcyclopentane
Ethylcyclopentane
C5H8
C6H10
C6H10
C6H10
C7H12
C8H14
C4H4
C5H10
C6H12
C7H14
627214
693027
764352
928494
628717
629050
689974
287923
96377
1640897
68.119
82.145
82.145
82.145
96.172
110.199
52.076
70.134
84.161
98.188
12.5100
12.3700
10.5000
10.6000
10.3000
8.2300
30.4600
7.7030
10.6200
12.6900
19.0700
21.8500
19.9000
19.9000
22.7000
23.5000
30.6000
3.8850
3.6300
4.4800
3.3084
3.6940
3.7200
3.7600
4.0850
4.4780
2.7940
2.9290
3.3990
3.7830
3.0291
3.6610
3.6400
3.6400
4.2717
4.8815
2.3620
3.0709
3.6741
4.2839
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
Cyclohexane
Methylcyclohexane
1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane
Ethylcyclohexane
Cyclopentene
1-Methylcyclopentene
Cyclohexene
Benzene
Toluene
o-Xylene
C6H12
C7H14
C8H16
C8H16
C5H8
C6H10
C6H10
C6H6
C7H8
C8H10
110827
108872
590669
1678917
142290
693890
110838
71432
108883
95476
84.161
98.188
112.215
112.215
68.119
82.145
82.145
78.114
92.141
106.167
12.3300
15.4800
18.1000
17.1500
3.3100
0.3800
0.4600
8.2880
5.0170
1.9080
3.1910
2.7330
3.5229
3.9550
11.0500
10.3800
10.7700
12.9600
12.2200
12.2000
2.9728
3.4330
3.6501
3.8260
2.9127
3.2640
3.1052
2.6930
3.2099
3.5383
3.6560
4.2571
4.8639
4.8705
2.9393
3.5340
3.5320
3.1360
3.7340
4.3330
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
m-Xylene
p-Xylene
Ethylbenzene
Propylbenzene
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Isopropylbenzene
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene
p-Isopropyltoluene
Naphthalene
Biphenyl
C8H10
C8H10
C8H10
C9H12
C9H12
C9H12
C9H12
C10H14
C10H8
C12H10
108383
106423
100414
103651
95636
98828
108678
99876
91203
92524
106.167
106.167
106.167
120.194
120.194
120.194
120.194
134.221
128.174
154.211
1.7320
1.8030
2.9920
0.7910
1.3800
0.4000
1.5900
2.9000
15.0580
18.2420
11.8760
12.1400
13.0730
13.8090
11.7100
13.7900
11.8100
13.3520
22.4080
28.0230
3.5854
3.5223
3.6063
3.9843
3.9610
3.8600
3.8560
4.2630
3.3315
3.9367
4.3318
4.3330
4.3450
4.9542
4.9307
4.9510
4.9291
5.5498
4.9809
6.0317
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
Styrene
m-Terphenyl
Methanol
Ethanol
1-Propanol
1-Butanol
2-Butanol
2-Propanol
2-Methyl-2-propanol
1-Pentanol
C8H8
C18H14
CH4O
C2H6O
C3H8O
C4H10O
C4H10O
C3H8O
C4H10O
C5H12O
100425
92068
67561
64175
71238
71363
78922
67630
75650
71410
104.152
230.309
32.042
46.069
60.096
74.123
74.123
60.096
74.123
88.150
14.7400
27.6600
20.0940
23.4950
25.5200
27.4600
29.2900
27.2700
31.2400
29.8737
21.3900
42.3000
16.2320
16.7850
15.9900
15.0300
16.9600
17.3470
17.7600
14.6022
3.4510
5.2630
2.3988
2.8064
3.2247
3.6148
3.6469
3.0920
3.2630
4.0250
4.2190
9.0530
0.6382
1.2350
1.8438
2.4560
2.4408
1.8300
2.4239
3.0605
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
2-Methyl-1-butanol
3-Methyl-1-butanol
1-Hexanol
1-Heptanol
Cyclohexanol
Ethylene glycol
1,2-Propylene glycol
C5H12O
C5H12O
C6H14O
C7H16O
C6H12O
C2H6O2
C3H8O2
137326
123513
111273
111706
108930
107211
57556
88.150
88.150
102.177
116.203
100.161
62.068
76.095
30.2085
30.2100
31.6500
33.6400
28.6200
38.7500
42.1500
14.6709
14.5000
13.4400
12.5300
10.9500
30.2600
30.4000
3.9351
3.8770
4.4010
4.7919
3.2770
3.2350
3.5200
3.0620
3.0623
3.6766
4.2860
3.4639
1.0590
1.6476
HEATS OF COMBUSTION
2-197
TABLE 2-221 Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies, and Net Enthalpies of Combustion of Inorganic
and Organic Compounds (Continued )
Cmpd.
no.
Name
Formula
CAS no.
Mol wt
97
98
99
Phenol
o-Cresol
m-Cresol
C6H6O
C7H8O
C7H8O
108952
95487
108394
94.113
108.140
108.140
9.6399
12.8570
13.2300
3.2637
3.5430
4.0190
3.1481
3.5259
3.5604
2.9210
3.5280
3.5278
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
p-Cresol
Dimethyl ether
Methyl ethyl ether
Methyl n-propyl ether
Methyl isopropyl ether
Methyl n-butyl ether
Methyl isobutyl ether
Methyl tert-butyl ether
Diethyl ether
Ethyl propyl ether
C7H8O
C2H6O
C3H8O
C4H10O
C4H10O
C5H12O
C5H12O
C5H12O
C4H10O
C5H12O
106445
115106
540670
557175
598538
628284
625445
1634044
60297
628320
108.140
46.069
60.096
74.123
74.123
88.150
88.150
88.150
74.123
88.150
12.5350
18.4100
21.6400
23.8200
25.2000
25.8100
26.6000
28.3500
25.2100
27.2200
3.1660
11.2800
11.7100
11.1000
12.1800
10.1700
10.7000
11.7500
12.2100
11.5200
3.5075
2.6670
3.0881
3.5200
3.4160
3.9010
3.8100
3.5780
3.4230
3.8810
3.5226
1.3284
1.9314
2.5174
2.5311
3.1282
3.1220
3.1049
2.5035
3.1200
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
C5H12O
C7H8O
C12H10O
CH2O
C2H4O
C3H6O
C4H8O
C5H10O
C6H12O
C7H14O
625547
100663
101848
50000
75070
123386
123728
110623
66251
111717
88.150
108.140
170.211
30.026
44.053
58.080
72.107
86.134
100.161
114.188
28.5800
6.7900
5.2000
10.8600
16.6200
18.6300
20.7000
22.7800
24.8600
26.9400
12.6400
2.2700
17.5000
10.2600
13.3100
12.4600
11.6300
10.7100
10.0050
9.1910
3.8000
3.6100
4.1300
2.1866
2.6420
3.0440
3.4365
3.8289
4.2214
4.6138
3.1030
3.6072
5.8939
0.5268
1.1045
1.6857
2.3035
2.9100
3.5200
4.1360
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
1-Octanal
1-Nonanal
1-Decanal
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone
2-Pentanone
Methyl isopropyl ketone
2-Hexanone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
3-Methyl-2-pentanone
C8H16O
C9H18O
C10H20O
C3H6O
C4H8O
C5H10O
C5H10O
C6H12O
C6H12O
C6H12O
124130
124196
112312
67641
78933
107879
563804
591786
108101
565617
128.214
142.241
156.268
58.080
72.107
86.134
86.134
100.161
100.161
100.161
29.0200
31.0900
33.1700
21.5700
23.9000
25.9200
26.2400
27.9826
28.8000
28.1000
8.3770
7.5530
6.7390
15.1300
14.7000
13.8300
13.9000
13.0081
13.5000
12.9000
5.0063
5.3988
5.7912
2.9540
3.3940
3.7860
3.6990
4.1786
4.0700
4.1200
4.7400
5.3500
5.9590
1.6590
2.2680
2.8796
2.8770
3.4900
3.4900
3.4900
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
3-Pentanone
Ethyl isopropyl ketone
Diisopropyl ketone
Cyclohexanone
Methyl phenyl ketone
Formic acid
Acetic acid
Propionic acid
n-Butyric acid
Isobutyric acid
C5H10O
C6H12O
C7H14O
C6H10O
C8H8O
CH2O2
C2H4O2
C3H6O2
C4H8O2
C4H8O2
96220
565695
565800
108941
98862
64186
64197
79094
107926
79312
86.134
100.161
114.188
98.145
120.151
46.026
60.053
74.079
88.106
88.106
25.7900
28.6100
31.1400
22.6100
8.6700
37.8600
43.2800
45.3500
47.5800
48.4100
13.4400
13.3000
13.2000
8.6620
0.1364
35.1000
37.4600
36.6700
36.0000
36.2100
3.7000
4.0690
4.5700
3.2200
3.8450
2.4870
2.8250
3.2300
3.6200
3.4120
2.8804
3.4860
4.0950
3.2990
3.9730
0.2115
0.8146
1.3950
2.0077
2.0004
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
Benzoic acid
Acetic anhydride
Methyl formate
Methyl acetate
Methyl propionate
Methyl n-butyrate
Ethyl formate
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl propionate
Ethyl n-butyrate
C7H6O2
C4H6O3
C2H4O2
C3H6O2
C4H8O2
C5H10O2
C3H6O2
C4H8O2
C5H10O2
C6H12O2
65850
108247
107313
79209
554121
623427
109944
141786
105373
105544
122.123
102.090
60.053
74.079
88.106
102.133
74.079
88.106
102.133
116.160
29.4100
57.2500
35.2400
41.1900
42.7500
45.0700
38.8300
44.4500
46.3600
48.5500
21.4200
47.3400
29.5000
32.4200
31.1000
30.5300
30.3100
32.8000
31.9300
31.2200
3.6900
3.8990
2.8520
3.1980
3.5960
3.9880
3.2820
3.5970
4.0250
4.4170
3.0951
1.6750
0.8924
1.4610
2.0780
2.6860
1.5070
2.0610
2.6740
3.2840
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
n-Propyl formate
n-Propyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate
Methyl benzoate
Ethyl benzoate
Vinyl acetate
Methylamine
Dimethylamine
Trimethylamine
Ethylamine
C4H8O2
C5H10O2
C6H12O2
C8H8O2
C9H10O2
C4H6O2
CH5N
C2H7N
C3H9N
C2H7N
110747
109604
123864
93583
93890
108054
74895
124403
75503
75047
88.106
102.133
116.160
136.150
150.177
86.090
31.057
45.084
59.111
45.084
40.7600
46.4800
48.5600
28.7900
32.6000
31.4900
2.2970
1.8450
2.4310
4.7150
29.3600
32.0400
31.2600
18.1000
19.0500
22.7900
3.2070
6.8390
9.8990
3.6160
3.6780
4.0230
4.4250
4.1400
4.5500
3.2800
2.4330
2.7296
2.8700
2.8480
2.0410
2.6720
3.2800
3.7720
4.4100
1.9500
0.9751
1.6146
2.2449
1.5874
160
161
162
Diethylamine
Triethylamine
n-Propylamine
C4H11N
C6H15N
C3H9N
109897
121448
107108
73.138
101.192
59.111
7.1420
9.5800
7.0500
7.3080
11.4100
4.1700
3.5220
4.0540
3.2420
2.8003
4.0405
2.1650
2-198
TABLE 2-221 Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies, and Net Enthalpies of Combustion of Inorganic
and Organic Compounds (Continued )
Cmpd.
no.
Name
Formula
CAS no.
Mol wt
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
di-n-Propylamine
Isopropylamine
Diisopropylamine
Aniline
N-Methylaniline
N,N-Dimethylaniline
Ethylene oxide
C6H15N
C3H9N
C6H15N
C6H7N
C7H9N
C8H11N
C2H4O
142847
75310
108189
62533
100618
121697
75218
101.192
59.111
101.192
93.128
107.155
121.182
44.053
11.6000
8.3800
15.0000
8.7100
8.8000
10.0500
5.2630
8.6800
3.1920
5.7900
16.6800
20.2000
24.7728
1.3230
4.2900
3.1240
4.1200
3.1980
3.4100
3.6600
2.4299
4.0189
2.1566
3.9900
3.2390
3.9000
4.5250
1.2180
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
Furan
Thiophene
Pyridine
Formamide
N,N-Dimethylformamide
Acetamide
N-Methylacetamide
Acetonitrile
Propionitrile
n-Butyronitrile
C4H4O
C4H4S
C5H5N
CH3NO
C3H7NO
C2H5NO
C3H7NO
C2H3N
C3H5N
C4H7N
110009
110021
110861
75127
68122
60355
79163
75058
107120
109740
68.075
84.142
79.101
45.041
73.095
59.068
73.095
41.053
55.079
69.106
3.4800
11.5440
14.0370
19.2200
19.1700
23.8300
24.0000
7.4040
5.1800
3.4058
0.0823
12.6620
19.0490
14.7100
8.8400
15.9600
13.5000
9.1868
9.7495
10.8658
2.6714
2.7865
2.8278
2.4857
3.2600
2.7220
3.2000
2.4329
2.8614
3.2543
1.9959
2.4352
2.6721
0.5021
1.7887
1.0741
1.7100
1.1904
1.8007
2.4148
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
Benzonitrile
Methyl mercaptan
Ethyl mercaptan
n-Propyl mercaptan
n-Butyl mercaptan
Isobutyl mercaptan
sec-Butyl mercaptan
Dimethyl sulfide
Methyl ethyl sulfide
Diethyl sulfide
C7H5N
CH4S
C2H6S
C3H8S
C4H10S
C4H10S
C4H10S
C2H6S
C3H8S
C4H10S
100470
74931
75081
107039
109795
513440
513531
75183
624895
352932
103.123
48.109
62.136
76.163
90.189
90.189
90.189
62.136
76.163
90.189
21.8823
2.2900
4.6300
6.7500
8.7800
9.6900
9.6600
3.7240
5.9600
8.3470
26.0872
0.9800
0.4814
0.2583
1.1390
0.5982
0.5120
0.7302
1.1470
1.7780
3.2104
2.5500
2.9610
3.3650
3.7520
3.6280
3.6670
2.8585
3.3320
3.6800
3.5224
1.1517
1.7366
2.3458
2.9554
2.9490
2.9490
1.7449
2.3531
2.9607
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
Fluoromethane
Chloromethane
Trichloromethane
Tetrachloromethane
Bromomethane
Fluoroethane
Chloroethane
Bromoethane
1-Chloropropane
2-Chloropropane
CH3F
CH3Cl
CHCl3
CCl4
CH3Br
C2H5F
C2H5Cl
C2H5Br
C3H7Cl
C3H7Cl
593533
74873
67663
56235
74839
353366
75003
74964
540545
75296
34.033
50.488
119.377
153.822
94.939
48.060
64.514
108.966
78.541
78.541
23.4300
8.1960
10.2900
9.5810
3.7700
26.4400
11.2260
6.3600
13.3180
14.4770
21.0400
5.8440
7.0100
5.3540
2.8190
21.2300
6.0499
2.5820
5.2610
6.1360
2.2273
2.3418
2.9560
3.0991
2.4580
2.6440
2.7578
2.8730
3.1547
3.0594
0.5219
0.6754
0.3800
0.2653
0.7054
1.1270
1.2849
1.2850
1.8670
1.8630
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
1,1-Dichloropropane
1,2-Dichloropropane
Vinyl chloride
Fluorobenzene
Chlorobenzene
Bromobenzene
Air
Hydrogen
Helium-4
Neon
C3H6Cl2
C3H6Cl2
C2H3Cl
C6H5F
C6H5Cl
C6H5Br
H2
He
Ne
78999
78875
75014
462066
108907
108861
132259100
1333740
7440597
7440019
112.986
112.986
62.499
96.104
112.558
157.010
28.951
2.016
4.003
20.180
15.0800
16.2800
2.8450
11.6566
5.1090
10.5018
0
0
0
0
6.5200
8.0180
4.1950
6.9036
9.8290
13.8532
0
0
0
0
3.4480
3.5480
2.7354
3.0263
3.1403
3.2439
1.9900
1.3057
1.2604
1.4622
1.7200
1.7070
1.1780
2.8145
2.9760
3.0192
0
0.2418
0
0
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
Argon
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Ammonia
Hydrazine
Nitrous oxide
Nitric oxide
Ar
F2
Cl2
Br2
O2
N2
NH3
N2H4
N2O
NO
7440371
7782414
7782505
7726956
7782447
7727379
7664417
302012
10024972
10102439
39.948
37.997
70.905
159.808
31.999
28.014
17.031
32.045
44.013
30.006
0
0
0
3.0910
0
0
4.5898
9.5353
8.2050
9.0250
0
0
0
0.3140
0
0
1.6400
15.9170
10.4160
8.6570
1.5474
2.0268
2.2297
2.4535
2.0504
1.9150
1.9266
2.3861
2.1985
2.1060
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3168
5.3420
0.0820
0.0902
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
Cyanogen
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Carbon disulfide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen chloride
Hydrogen bromide
Hydrogen cyanide
C2N2
CO
CO2
CS2
HF
HCl
HBr
HCN
460195
630080
124389
75150
7664393
7647010
10035106
74908
52.036
28.010
44.010
76.143
20.006
36.461
80.912
27.026
30.9072
11.0530
39.3510
11.6900
27.3300
9.2310
3.6290
13.5143
29.7553
13.7150
39.4370
6.6800
27.5400
9.5300
5.3340
12.4725
2.4146
1.9756
2.1368
2.3790
1.7367
1.8679
1.9859
2.0172
1.0961
0.2830
0
1.0769
0.1524
0.0286
0.0690
0.6233
HEATS OF COMBUSTION
2-199
TABLE 2-221 Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies, and Net Enthalpies of Combustion of Inorganic
and Organic Compounds (Concluded )
Cmpd.
no.
228
229
230
231
Name
Formula
Hydrogen sulfide
Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur trioxide
Water
H2S
SO2
SO3
H2O
CAS no.
7783064
7446095
7446119
7732185
Mol wt
34.082
64.065
80.064
18.015
2.0630
29.6840
39.5720
24.1814
0.5180
0
0.0989
0
2.0560
2.4810
2.5651
1.8872
Temperature,
K
CO
CO2
OH
H2
NO
NO2
N2
N2O
O2
SO2
H2O
200
240
260
280
298.15
2858
1692
1110
529
0
3414
2079
1383
665
0
2040
1209
793
377
0
2976
1756
1150
546
0
2774
1656
1091
522
0
2040
1209
793
378
0
2951
1743
1142
543
0
3495
2104
1392
672
0
2857
1692
1110
528
0
3553
2164
1438
692
0
2186
1285
840
398
0
2868
1703
1118
533
0
3736
2258
1496
718
0
3282
1948
1279
609
0
300
320
340
360
380
54
638
1221
1805
2389
69
823
1594
2382
3184
38
454
870
1285
1701
55
654
1251
1847
2442
53
630
1209
1791
2373
38
454
870
1286
1701
55
652
1248
1845
2442
68
816
1571
2347
3130
54
636
1219
1802
2386
72
854
1654
2470
3302
41
478
913
1346
1777
54
643
1234
1828
2425
74
881
1702
2538
3387
62
735
1410
2088
2769
400
420
440
460
480
2975
3563
4153
4643
5335
4003
4835
5683
6544
7416
2117
2532
2948
3364
3779
3035
3627
4219
4810
5401
2959
3544
4131
4715
5298
2117
2533
2949
3364
3780
3040
3638
4240
4844
5450
3927
4735
5557
6392
7239
2971
3557
4143
4731
5320
4149
5010
5884
6771
7670
2207
2635
3063
3490
3918
3025
3629
4236
4847
5463
4250
5126
6015
6917
7831
3452
4139
4829
5523
6222
500
550
600
650
700
5931
7428
8942
10477
12023
8305
10572
12907
15303
17754
4196
5235
6274
7314
8353
5992
7385
8943
10423
11902
5882
6760
8811
10278
11749
4196
5235
6274
7314
8353
6059
7592
9144
10716
12307
8099
10340
12555
14882
17250
5911
7395
8894
10407
11937
8580
10897
13295
15744
18243
4343
5402
6462
7515
8570
6084
7653
9244
10859
12499
8758
11123
13544
16022
18548
6925
8699
10501
12321
14192
750
800
850
900
950
13592
15177
16781
18401
20031
20260
22806
25398
28030
30689
9392
10431
11471
12510
13550
13391
14880
16384
17888
19412
13223
14702
16186
17676
19175
9329
10431
11471
12510
13550
13919
15548
17195
18858
20537
19671
22136
24641
27179
29749
13481
15046
16624
18223
19834
20791
23383
26014
28681
31381
9620
10671
11718
12767
13812
14158
15835
17531
19241
20965
21117
23721
26369
29023
31714
16082
18002
19954
21938
23954
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
21690
25035
28430
31868
35343
33397
38884
44473
50148
55896
14589
16667
18746
20824
22903
20935
24024
27160
30342
33569
20680
23719
26797
29918
33082
14589
16667
18746
20824
22903
22229
25653
29120
32626
36164
32344
37605
42946
48351
53808
21463
24760
28109
31503
34936
34110
39647
45274
50976
56740
14860
16950
19039
21126
23212
22703
26212
29761
33344
36957
34428
39914
45464
51069
56718
26000
30191
34506
38942
43493
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
38850
42385
45945
49526
53126
61705
67569
73480
79431
85419
24982
27060
29139
31217
33296
36839
40151
43502
46889
50310
36290
39541
42835
46169
49541
24982
27060
29139
31218
33296
39729
43319
46929
50557
54201
59309
64846
70414
76007
81624
38405
41904
45429
48978
52548
62557
68420
74320
80254
86216
25296
27381
29464
31547
33630
40599
44266
47958
51673
55413
62404
68123
73870
79642
85436
48151
52908
57758
62693
67706
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
56744
60376
64021
67683
71324
91439
97488
103562
109660
115779
35375
37453
39532
41610
43689
53762
57243
60752
64285
67841
52951
56397
59876
63387
66928
35375
37454
39534
41614
43695
57859
61530
65212
68904
72606
87259
92911
98577
104257
109947
56137
59742
63361
66995
70640
92203
98212
104240
110284
116344
35713
37796
39878
41962
44045
59175
62961
66769
70600
74453
91250
97081
102929
108792
114669
72790
77941
83153
88421
93741
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
74985
78673
82369
86074
89786
121917
128073
134246
140433
146636
45768
47846
49925
52004
54082
71419
75017
78633
82267
85918
70498
74096
77720
81369
85043
45777
47860
49945
52033
54124
76316
80034
83759
87491
91229
115648
121357
127075
132799
138530
74296
77963
81639
85323
89015
122417
128501
134596
140701
146814
46130
48216
50303
52391
54481
78328
82224
86141
90079
94036
120559
126462
132376
138302
144238
99108
104520
109973
115464
120990
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
93504
112185
130989
149895
168890
152852
184109
215622
247354
279283
56161
66554
75947
87340
97733
89584
108119
126939
145991
165246
88740
107555
126874
146660
166876
56218
66769
77532
88614
100111
94973
113768
132671
151662
170730
144267
173020
201859
230756
259692
92715
111306
130027
148850
167763
152935
183636
214453
245348
276299
56574
67079
77675
88386
99222
98013
118165
188705
159572
180749
150184
180057
210145
240427
270893
126549
154768
183552
212764
242313
Converted and usually rounded off from JANAF Thermochemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS-37, 1971 (1141 pp.)