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Protein Precipitation Protocols PDF
Protein Precipitation Protocols PDF
Notes: All reagents need to high purity/HPLC quality. All tubes used should be new or hand cleaned thoroughly
with Micro90 detergent. High quality water needs to be used for all the solutions and steps. For this protocol, I
used terminology MilliQ water to mean that equivalent quality of water needs to be used. Therefore, never use
dH2O or ddH2O water. At all steps of the sample preparation, use powder-free nitrile gloves (no aloe). When
using precipitation as a cleanup step, it is recommended to have a starting protein concentration in the range
of 110 mg/mL. When protein samples are too diluted, it will be difficult to quantitatively recover proteins
following precipitation cleanup (Friedman, D.B., Hoving, S., and Westermeier, R. (2009) Isoelectric focusing
and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Methods in Enzymology 463: 515-540). I find this may not be
possible for many samples.
Acetone Precipitation
[Modified from the protocol posted by the Nevada Proteomics Center]
http://www.unr.edu/inbre/Proteomics/Acetone_Precipitation_Protocol.html
1)
2)
3)
4)
TCA/Acetone Precipitation
[Modified from the protocol described by Gorg, A.; Obermaier, C.; Boguth, G.; Harder, A.; Scheibe, B.;
Wildgruber, R.; Weiss, W. (2000) The current state of two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH
gradients. Electrophoresis 21, 1037-53.]
1) Make a 13.3% w/v TCA in acetone stock and 100% acetone stock. Store the solutions in a brown bottle
at -20 C. Add 0.2% w/v DTT to both solutions just prior to use.
2) Add three volumes of the chilled 13.3% w/v TCA in acetone containing 0.2% w/v DTT stock to the
sample (final concentration is 10% TCA). Mix well by inverting tube.
3) Incubate for 1.5 hrs or overnight at -20 C. Overnight increases yields but could damage sialic acid on
glycoproteins.
4) Microfuge at top speed (at least >12,000xg), 4 C for 10 min or for larger tubes, centrifuge at >8,000xg,
4 C for 10 min. Remove tubes from the centrifuge as soon as it stopped.
5) Dump off the supernatant.
6) Positioning the tube same as before (pellet should towards the outer wall of the rotor), microfuge briefly
to bring any remaining liquid to the bottom of the tube.
7) Pipet off the remaining sup, making sure no visible liquid is left behind.
8) Add 1 ml (microfuge tube) and 10 ml (large centrifuge tube) -20 C chilled, acetone containing 0.2%
DTT stock. Break up the pellet using a glass rod. The pellet should be dispersed, but will not be
dissolved by the water.
9) Vortex each tube for 30 sec.
10) Over a course of 1 hr, vortex the tube three times for 30 sec.
11) Repeat centrifugation steps #4-7.
12) Repeat the acetone Wash 1X (steps #8-11).
13) Air dry the pellet for 5 min. Do not over dry the pellet or it will be difficult to resuspend.
14) Resuspend pellet as described below. (You can freeze the pellets at -80 C until resuspension step.)
6) Microfuge at top speed (at least >12,000xg), 4 C for 10 min or for larger tubes, centrifuge at >8,000xg,
4 C for 10 min. Remove tubes from the centrifuge as soon as it stopped.
7) Dump off the supernatant.
8) Positioning the tube same as before (pellet should towards the outer wall of the rotor), microfuge briefly
to bring any remaining liquid to the bottom of the tube.
9) Pipet off the remaining sup, making sure no visible liquid is left behind.
10) Add 1 ml (microfuge tube) and 10 ml (large centrifuge tube) -20 C chilled, acetone. (The tubes can be
left up to 1 week with minimal protein degradation or modification (GE 2-D Clean-Up Kit)).
11) Vortex each tube for 30 sec.`
12) Over a course of 1 hr, vortex the tube three times for 30 sec.
13) Repeat centrifugation steps #6-9.
14) Air dry the pellet for 5 min. Do not over dry the pellet or it will be difficult to resuspend.
15) Resuspend pellet as described below. (You can freeze the pellets at -80 C until resuspension step.)
9) If the pellet still has not gone into solution, leave sample overnight at 4C. Resuspend the pellet the
next morning by pipetting.
10) Transfer the samples to 1.5 ml microfuge tube.
11) Microfuge at top speed for 5 min at 4C.
12) Transfer the sup to another 1.5 ml microfuge tube. Make sure you pipet away from the pellet.
13) Take 30 l of each sample to measure the protein conc.
14) Store the remaining samples and the 30 l aliquots at -80 C.
Note: If your pellet has not been solubilized after step #9, sonication maybe used. However, this should be
used as a last resort since extreme care must be taken in not heating sample since urea breaks down during
heating. The sample should be sonicated with bursts lasting no longer than several seconds, and should be
chilled between bursts by placing on ice.
Amt. of
Rehyd. Soln
5 l
4 l
3 l
1 l
3 l
1 l
1.8 l
0 l
1 mg/ml
1 mg/ml
1 mg/ml
4 mg/ml
4 mg/ml
10 mg/ml
0 l
1 l
2 l
4 l
2 l
4 l
3.2 l
Amt. of
Rehyd. Soln
0 l
Amt. of Sample
4 l
1 l
5 l
7) Add 875 l of Bio-Rad diluted dye to each tube. Immediately after addition, close the lid on the tube
and mix by vortexing tube.
8) Incubate the tubes for 5 min at room temp.
9) Transfer 200 l from each tube to a 96-well plate. Prior to transfer, mix the tube by vortexing.
10) Measue A595 before 1 hr.
11) Use a linear curve to fit the standards.