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Antiinfectives Drug Table
Antiinfectives Drug Table
CLASS:
PROTOTYPE:
CLINICAL USE:
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
NURSING IMPLICATIONS:
Aminoglycosides
Gentamycin
Nausea/ Diarrhea
Very OTOTOXIC and
NEPHROTOXIC.
(Loop diurectics
ototoxicity)
Hypersensitivity reactions
(major adverse rx.)
I.M.= painful,
I.V. = thromobphlebitis,
P.O. -give with food
Cross-sensitivity w/
penicillin.
Give WITH Food!
Doxycycline
(Vibramycin)
Broad spectrum
low dose therapy used to
tx ACNE
Discolors teeth
permanently if given to
children under 8 yrs.
Chloramphenicol
Gray Syndrome
Causes bone marrow
suppression
Erythromycin
GI upset
Mycins
Penicillins
Ampicillin, Penicillin G
Cillins
Cephalosporins
Cefs
Tetracyclines
Macrolides
Cholestatic hepatitis
Sulfonamides
Sulfisoxasole , Bactrim
Causes Photosensitivity
contraindicated if allergic
to sulfonyureas
Sulfa
Carbapenems
Imipenem-cilastatin
sodium
(Primaxin)
ANTIINFECTIVES
CLASS:
PROTOTYPE:
CLINICAL USE:
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
Clindamycin &
Lincomycin
Vancomycin
Tx. Of Methicillin-resistant
Staphyloccus aureus
(MRSA)
COMMON: diarrhea
pseudomembranous colitis
(SEVERE DIARRHEA,
mucous & blood in stool)
OTOTOXIC
NEPHROTOXIC
Antituberculous Drug
INH
(Nydrazid)
Antituberculous Drug
Rifampin
Antituberculous Drug
Ethambutol
Treats Leprosy
AntiLeprosy Drugs
Dapsone
(Primary)
&
Antiviral Agents
(Anti- Herpes Agent)
Acyclovir
(Zovirax)
NURSING IMPLICATIONS:
Hydration important to
prevent renal crystal
formation.
topical route - wear
gloves/prevent spreading.
I.V. - severe cases
ANTIINFECTIVES
CLASS:
PROTOTYPE:
CLINICAL USE:
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
NURSING IMPLICATIONS:
Antiviral Agents
Vidarabine
(Vira- A)
nausea /vomiting
weakness, tremor, &
confusion
Antiviral Agents
Amantadine
(Symmatrel)
nausea, anorexia,
nervousness, headache
Antiviral Agents
Ribarvirin
(Virazole)
Antiviral Agents
Zidovudine
(AZT)
Antifungal Agents
Amphotercin B
(Most Common)
administered by
Inhalation
ONLY!
Most are hematologic
NEPHROTOXIC
I.V., intraarticular, or
bladder irrigation.
Monitor for potassium
levels. Monitor CBCs.
Give aspirin, benadryl &
steroids prior to infusion.
Infusion should be slowly
administered.
given topically or orally
For thrush: swish and
swallow
blood dyscrasias
(monitor CBC)
Antifungal Agents
Nystatin
(Mycostatin)
Imidazole
Antimycotic Agents
GRISEOFULVIN (Grisactin)
Thrush
penicillin derivative
(caution in pts. who are
allergic to penicillin)
ANTIINFECTIVES
CLASS:
PROTOTYPE:
CLINICAL USE:
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
NURSING IMPLICATIONS:
Imidazole
Antimycotic Agents
Clotrimazole
Antihelminic Agent:
Mebendazole
(Vermox)
Topically: C. albicans
infections. Orally: tx. oral
candidiasis. Vaginally: tx.
vaginal candidiasis
Destroy Helminths
(parasitic worms).
nausea, diarrhea
(Take AFTER MEALS)
G.I Upset
Nephrotoxic!!!
pain at injection site
ANTINEMATODE AGENTS
(roundworms)
Antimalarial
Chloroquine.
Antiprotozoal
Pentamadine
Urinary Antiseptic
Agents
METHENAMINE
(Urised)
Urinary Antiseptic
Agents
NITROFURANTOIN
(Macrodantin)
Urinary Antiseptic
Agents
TRIMETHOPRIM
(Proloprim)
Quinolones
CIPROFLOXIN (Cipro)
Systemic infections,
urinary infections.
Lower respiratory tract,
skin, bone, or joint
infections, STDs
OFLOXACIN(Floxin)
(Sometimes classified as
urinary antiseptics)
Increased effectiveness
when taken with food
oral contraceptive
effectiveness
used alone may increase
trimthoprim-resistant
organisms.
contraindicated in
pediatric patients
ANTIINFECTIVES