3rd - 7th February 2010

Kohimarama Yacht Club, Tamaki Drive, Auckland

The Organising Authority is Sail Auckland (inc), P O Box 55011, Mission Bay, Auckland,
New Zealand.

SAILING INSTRUCTIONS
1.0 Rules

1.1 The regatta will be governed by the ‘rules’ as defined in the Racing Rules of Sailing (RRS)
2009-2012.

1.2 No national prescriptions will apply.

1.3 The National Authority (Yachting New Zealand) Safety Regulations Part 1 shall apply, see
Attachment B. Notwithstanding the dispensation granted by Yachting New Zealand, sailboard
competitors shall comply with clause 1.

1.4 Addendum Q (Umpired Fleet Races) of the RRS will apply to the medal (last) race for the Olympic
Classes within the regatta and Attachment C is attached.

1.5 Medal Place Identification while racing is required. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd placed boats in each
class, from the previous day’s results will be required to display a coloured dot on their sails
starboard side adjacent to the leech approximately 700mm above the clew.

1.6 Individual Positional Identification (GPS devices) may be required for the medal race. The
identification equipment will be supplied prior to the medal race by the organising authority.

1.7 For Chartered or Loaned boats: In accordance with Appendix G3 a chartered or loaned boat
may for this event carry national letters and sail numbers in contradiction of class rules. This
changes Appendix G1.1(b).

2.0 Notices to Competitors

Notices to competitors for all classes will be posted on the official notice board located at the
Kohimarama Yacht Club.

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3.0 Changes to Sailing Instructions

Any change to the sailing Instructions will be posted before 0900 hours on the day it will take effect,
except that any change to the schedule of races will be posted by 1830 hours or the end of protest
time, whichever is earlier, on the day before it will take effect.

4.0 Signals made Ashore

4.1 Signals made ashore for all classes will be displayed on the flagstaff at the Kohimarama Yacht
Club.

4.2 When flag AP is displayed ashore, ‘1 minute’ is replaced with ‘not less than 30 minutes’ in the
race signal AP.

4.3 When a visual signal is displayed over a course area it applies to that area only.

5.0 Format of Races

5.1 For the non Olympic classes except for the men’s Laser radial class the regatta will consist of
a single series.

5.2 For the Olympic classes and the men’s Laser radial class the regatta will consist of a
qualifying series and a medal race. The qualifying series will be a single series.

5.3 The ten boats ranked the highest in the qualifying series will be assigned to compete in the
medal race.

5.4 Assignments to the medal race will be based on the ranking available at the end of protests
after the final race of the qualifying series. The Jury may extend the time limit.

6.0 Schedule of Races

6.1 No practice race is scheduled.

6.2 Wednesday 3rd February 2010 – Welcome 1800 hours Kohimarama Yacht Club.

6.3 Ten (10) races are scheduled for the opening series for all classes, with an additional Medal
Race for Olympic Classes and the men’s Laser radial class. A minimum of four (4) qualifying
series races are required before a medal race can be sailed. The schedule of races is as
follows:

Date Scheduled Time of First Number of Race Type/Comments

Warning Signal
Thursday 4th February 1200 hours 3 Back to back
Friday 5th February 1100 hours 3 Back to back
Saturday 6th February 1100 hours 3 Back to back
Sunday 7th February 1000 hours 1
Sunday 7th February 1300 hours Medal Race
(Olympic classes and the men’s Laser
radial class only)

6.4 One series race is scheduled for a 1000 hours on Sunday 7th February for all classes. No
warning Signal will be made after 1145 hours for that series race.
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6.5 the RS:X classes will sail on the completion of other classes on their course area from the 4th
to 6th February. No warning signal for the RS:X classes will be made before 1400 hours from
the 4th to 6th February.

6.6 When more than one race (back to back or sequence of races) will be held on the same day,
the warning signal for the first race and each succeeding race will be made as soon as
practicable. After a long postponement, to alert boats that a race or sequence of races will
begin soon, an orange flag will be displayed with one sound for at least four minutes before a
warning signal is displayed. For subsequent races on the same day the scheduled time of the
warning signal for the next race for each class may be displayed with Flag L as soon as
possible after the finish of the preceding race.

6.7 On Sunday 7th February no warning signal will be made after 1700 hours.

7.0 Class Flags

The class flags will be:

Class Flag for the Opening Series

Laser Class insignia on a white background
Laser Radial male & female Class insignia on a blue background
RS:X Boards male 9.5 Class insignia on a white background
RS:X Boards female 8.5 Class insignia on a yellow background
(Including youth sailors)
470 Class insignia on a white background
420 Class insignia on a white background
29er Class insignia on a white background
49er Class insignia on a white background
Classes may start together for the opening series.

Class Flag for the Medal Race

Laser Class insignia on a white background
Laser Radial female Class insignia on a blue background
Laser Radial male Class insignia on a red background
RS:X Boards male 9.5
Class insignia on a white background
RS:X Boards female 8.5 Class insignia on a yellow background
470 Class insignia on a white background
49er Class insignia on a white background

8.0 Racing Area

8.1 The racing area is on the waters of the Waitemata Harbour adjacent to the Kohimarama
Yacht Club.

8.2 Course area A 470,420, 49er, 29er, and RS:X Boards

Course area B Laser and Laser Radial

9.0 Courses

9.1 The diagrams in Attachment A show the courses, the order in which marks are to be passed
and the side on which each mark is to be left.

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9.2 No later than the warning signal, the race committee signal boat will display the course to be
sailed and the approximate compass bearing and distance in nautical miles from the start to
Mark 1.

10.0 Marks

10.1 Course marks may be sign written “Singapore Airlines” on a black background.

10.2 Course area A- Shall be orange and cylindrical shaped

Course area B- Mark 1 shall be yellow and cylindrical shaped
Marks 2, 3, 4P/S & 5 shall be yellow and pyramid shaped

10.3 The starting marks will be the race committee signal boat at the starboard end and a red
teardrop mark (buoy) with a staff at the port end. The finishing marks will be the race
committee signal boat at the one end and a red teardrop mark (buoy) at the other end.

10.4 A race committee boat signalling a change of a leg of the course is a mark as provided in
instruction 13.2.

10.5 The change of course marks will be red pyramid buoys.

11.0 Areas that are Obstructions

The following areas are designated as obstructions:

• West and East Bastion reefs
• a line joining the beacons of the East Bastion reef
• a line joining the beacons of the West Bastion reef
• a line between the beacons marking any reef in the vicinity of the racing area

12.0 The Start

12.1 The starting line will be between a staff displaying an orange flag on the starting mark at the
starboard end and the port-end starting mark.

12.2 Boats whose warning signal has not been made shall avoid the starting area.

12.3 A boat starting later than four minutes after her starting signal will be scored Did Not Start
without a hearing. This changes rule A4 and A5.

13.0 Change of the Next Leg of the Course

13.1 To change the next leg of the course, the race committee will lay a new mark (or move the
finishing line) and remove the original mark as soon as practicable. When in a subsequent
change a new mark is replaced, it shall be replaced by an original mark.

13.2 Except at a gate, boats shall pass between the race committee boat signalling the change of
the next leg and the nearby mark, leaving the mark to port and the race committee boat to
starboard. This changes rule 28.1.

14.0 The Finish

14.1 The finishing line for course area A for

(a) trapezoid courses will be between a staff displaying an Orange flag on the finishing mark
at the Port end and the Starboard end finishing mark and
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 (b) for windward leeward courses a finishing mark at the Port end and a staff displaying an
Orange flag on the finishing mark at the Starboard end finishing mark.

14.2 The finishing line for course area B and will be between a staff displaying an Orange flag on
the finishing mark at the Starboard end and the Port end finishing mark.

15.0 Penalty System

15.1 A boat that has taken a penalty under rule 44.1 shall complete an acknowledgement form at
the race office within the protest time limit.

15.2 Appendix P will apply.

15.3 For the RS:X and 49er class(s) rules 44.1 and 44.2 are changed so that only one turn,
including one tack and one gybe, is required.

15.4 All infringements for measurements discrepancies will incur a penalty as determined by the
jury. All RRS Appendix G infringements are subject to 3 points per race sailed that day.

16.0 Time Limits and Target Times

16.1 The time limits and target times in minutes for the first boat in the series races (races 1-10)
are as follows:

Class Time Limit Target Time

Laser Radial 80 45
Laser 80 45
470 80 45
420 80 45
29er 80 45
49er 60 30
RSX 60 30

For the medal race the target time is 20 minutes and the time limit is 45 minutes.

Failure to meet the target time will not be grounds for redress. This changes rule 62.1(a).

16.2 Boats failing to finish within 20 minutes after the first boat sails the course and finishes will be
scored Did Not Finish without a hearing. This changes rules 35, A4 and A5.

17.0 Protests and Requests for Redress

17.1 For protests where only a rule of Part 2 or RRS31 is alleged to have been broken, an
arbitration hearing may be offered prior to any formal hearing. Any penalty given to a boat
shall be a scoring penalty as calculated in rule 44.3(c) equal to 40% of the number of entries
in her fleet or 50% of the difference between her finishing position and the number of entries
in her fleet, whichever is less. (This changes rule 44.1).

17.2 Protest forms are available at the race office. Protests and requests for redress or reopening
shall be delivered there within the appropriate time limit.

17.3 For each class, the protest time limit is 60 minutes after the last boat in its class has finished
the last race of the day, except on Sunday 7th February as modified in instruction 17.5. The
same protest time limit applies to all protests by the race committee and Jury to requests for
redress for incidents that they observe on the water. This changes rules 61.3 and 62.2.
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 Protest time limits will be posted.

17.4 If the final race of the opening series is held as scheduled in the morning of the Sunday 7th
February the following will apply: Immediately after finishing a boat intending to protest shall
inform the race committee boat at the finishing line of her intention to protest with the identity
of the boat(s) protested against. The protesting boat will receive an acknowledgement from
the race committee. This changes rule 61.

17.5 The protest time limit for boats wishing to protest during the last series race on the Sunday
7th February will be 45 minutes after the last boat in that class has finished that race.

17.6 Notices will be posted within 30 minutes of the protest time limit to inform competitors of
hearings in which they are parties. Hearings will be held in the Jury Room in the porta-cabin
opposite the Kohimarama Yacht Club. This sailing instruction does not apply to the Medal
Race.

17.7 Notices of protest by the race committee or Jury will be posted to inform boats under rule
61.1(b).

17.8 A list of boats that, under instruction 15.1, have acknowledged breaking rule 42 or have been
disqualified by the Jury will be posted.

17.9 For the purpose of rule 64.3(b) the ‘authority responsible’ is the measurer appointed by the
organising authority.

17.10 Breaches of instructions 1.5, 1.6, 4.2, 12.2, 15.1, 18.1.5, 19.0, 20.2, 22, 24, 25 and 26 will
not be grounds for a protest by a boat under rule 60.1(a). This changes rule 60.1(a).
Penalties for these breaches may be less than disqualification if the Jury so decides. The
scoring abbreviation for a discretionary penalty imposed under this instruction will be DPI.

17.11 On the last day of the regatta a request for reopening of a hearing other than the Medal
Race hearing shall be delivered:

• Within the protest time limit if the party requesting reopening was informed of the decision
on the previous day.
• no later than 30 minutes after the party requesting the reopening was informed of the
decision on that day.

This changes rule 66.

17.12 Decisions of the Jury will be final as provided in rule 70.5.

18.0 Scoring

18.1.1 The Low Scoring system shall be used for all fleet races.
(a) Except for race scores excluded under instruction 18.1.2, a boat’s series score for the
regatta will be the total of her race scores from the opening series and the medal race, if any.
(b) for the medal race, rule A4.1 is changed so that the points are doubled, and rule A4.2
is changed so that the scores are based on the number of boats assigned to compete in that
race.
(c) 5 races are required to be completed to constitute a series.

18.1.2 (a) When fewer than 7 races have been completed, a boat’s series score will be the total
of her race scores.
(b) When from 7 to 10 races have been completed, a boat’s series score will be the total
of her race scores excluding her worst score.
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18.1.3 For boats assigned to compete in the medal race, ties in the regatta score are broken by the
medal race score. This changes rule A8.

18.1.4 The boats assigned to compete in the medal race will be ranked highest in the regatta.

18.1.5 The boats assigned to compete in the medal race shall make a genuine effort to start, sail
the course and finish. A breach of this instruction will not be grounds for a protest by a boat.
This changes rule 60.1(a). The penalty for this breach will be ranking the boat tenth in the
regatta. If there are two such boats, they shall be ranked ninth and tenth, in order of their
opening series ranks, and this principle continues to apply.

18.1.6 Scores for medal races shall be double points and shall not be discarded.

18.2 The Laser Radial, RS:X 8.5 (women and youth), 470 and 420 classes will each be sailed as
single fleets and scored as such. For the Laser Radial, 470 and 420 classes the highest
placed male will be declared winner of the men’s class and the highest place female will be
declared the winner of the women’s class. For the RS:X women and youth the highest
placed youth will be declared winner of the youth class and the highest place female will be
declared the winner of the women’s class; with second, third and subsequent places being
determined in the same manner.

18.3 The scoring abbreviation for a penalty accepted at arbitration hearing is ARB, and a
discretionary penalty imposed is DPI.

19.0 Safety Regulations

19.1 Check-Out and Check-In: Boats shall Sign On before going afloat and Sign Off when coming
off the water. This will be done by signing the sign on / sign off sheets located at the
Kohimarama Yacht Club.

19.2 A boat that retires from a race shall notify the race committee as soon as possible.

20.0 Replacement of Crew or Equipment

20.1 Crew substitution is not permitted.

20.2 Substitution of damaged or lost equipment will not be allowed unless approved by the race
committee. Requests for substitution shall be made to the race committee at the first
reasonable opportunity.

21.0 Equipment and Measurement Checks

A boat or equipment may be inspected at any time for compliance with the class rules and
sailing instructions. On the water, a boat can be instructed by a race committee appointed
measurer or representative to proceed immediately to a designated area for inspection.

22.0 Advertising

The Organising Authority will require all participating boats to display the event sponsor’s
advertising in accordance with Regulation 20.3 (d). When advertising is supplied, it shall be
affixed as follows:
Boats: shall affix a sponsor’s sticker on each side of the hull, parallel to the deck with:
• the forward edge between 200 and 250mm from the bow of the boat.
• the top edge no further than75mm from the deck of the boat.

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 Sailboards: shall affix the above stickers on the sail parallel to the wishbone with:
• the forward edge no further that 75mm from the sail luff sleeve.
• the bottom edge no further than 150mm above the wishbone.

All stickers will be available at registration.

23.0 Official Boats

Official boats will be identified by flying a Singapore Airline flag.

24.0 Support Boats

24.1 Except when participating in rescue operations, team leaders, coaches, parents and other
support personnel shall stay outside areas where boats are racing from the time of the
preparatory signal for the first class to start until all boats have finished or the race
Committee signals a postponement, general recall or abandonment of all classes. The areas
the boats are racing is defined as the area inside the course and within 100 metres of any
mark, lay line, starting line, finishing line or any area where any boat that is racing is sailing
or may sail.

24.2 The Race Committee or the Jury may protest any boat whose support boat is in breach of
instruction 24.1 penalties imposed as a result of a protest under this rule will result in a
penalty being imposed on the boat(s) supported by the support boat.

24.3 Support boats shall register at Registration.

24.4 Support boats may be required by the race committee to assist in extreme conditions.

25.0 Trash Disposal

Boats shall not put trash in the water. Trash may be placed aboard support and race
committee boats.

26.0 Haul Out Restrictions

Unless otherwise directed by the Organising Authority, all competing boats and equipment
shall be launched and retrieved from the Kohimarama Beach.

27.0 Radio Communication

A boat shall neither make radio transmissions while racing nor receive radio communications
not available to all boats. This restriction also applies to mobile telephones.

28.0 Prizes

Prizes will be given as follows:

For classes with 7 or more entries, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd will be awarded
For classes with 3-6 entries 1st and 2nd will be awarded.

29.0 Disclaimer of Liability

Competitors participate in the regatta entirely at their own risk. See rule 4, Decision to Race.
The Organising Authority will not accept any liability for material damage or personal injury or
death sustained in conjunction with or prior to, during, or after the regatta.
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 ATTACHMENT A – COURSES AREA A

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ATTACHMENT A – COURSES AREA B

2 Trapezoid Course
Inner
I1: Start - 1- 4P/4S - 1 - 2 - 3 – 5- Finish
I2: Start - 1 -4P/4S - 1 - 4P/4S - 1 - 2 - 3 – 5 -Finish
I3: Start - 1 -4P/4S - 1 - 4P/4S - 1 - 4P/4S - 1 - 2 - 3 – 5 -Finish
Outer
O0: Start 1 - 2 - 3 – 5 -Finish
O1: Start - 1 - 2 - 3 - 2 - 3 – 5 - Finish
O2: Start - 1 - 2 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 2 - 3 – 5 - Finish
O3: Start - 1 - 2 - 3 - 2 - 3 - 2 - 3 –2 - 3 – 5 - Finish

Windward/Leeward Courses
W1: Start - 1 - Finish
W2: Start -1 -4P/4S - 1 - Finish
W3: Start -1-4P/4S -1- 4P/4S -1-Finish
W4: Start -1-4P/4S -1- 4P/4S -1-4P/4S -1-Finish

4S 4P

all starts and finishes for windward/

leeward courses

Finish for trapezoid

Ccourse Area B

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ATTACHMENT B
The National Authority (Yachting New Zealand) Safety Regulations Part 1
.

All Regulations are relevant whether or not yachts are racing. Yachting New Zealand
recommends that these Regulations be observed by all centreboard and open yacht crews and
boardsailors at all times.

1. Crew members shall wear buoyancy vests or lifejackets in good repair properly secured about
their persons and complying with YNZ minimum starboard, SR Appendix 4 (YNZ Safety
Regulations of Sailing) at all times while afloat. Yachting New Zealand may give dispensing (in
writing) to specific classes or events, from this clause and specify conditions for exercising
such dispensation. When dispensation is given it shall be the responsibility of the Organising
Authority to ensure adequate safety provisions are made. Dispensation may always be
overridden by RRS40 or by the Notice of Race or Sailing Instructions.

Note: It is an offence under the Maritime Rules of the Maritime Transport Act for any vessel
not to have on board an approved flotation device for each person.

2. Centreboard and open yachts shall be so constructed or fitted with reserve buoyancy so that
when swamped or capsized and:-

(a) When enclosed hulls are not divided into at least two separate compartments and the
entire hull is flooded or

(b) When enclosed hulls are divided into two or more separate compartments and 50% of the
total compartment volume is flooded or

(c) When inflatable bag buoyancy is fitted and 50% of the buoyancy is deflated they will
support their own weight including all equipment plus 10 kg for each crew member. Buoyancy
shall be so disposed as to float the boat on an even keel when righted after a capsize. When
provided in the form of inflatable air bags or closed call plastic foam the buoyancy shall be
securely held in place.

A yacht of an International Class shall be deemed to have satisfied the requirements of this
clause when she meets the specific buoyancy requirements of her class rules.

3. Yachts shall have permanently fitted on their centre-line a ring, closed fairlead or towing eye
connected or led through to a strong point. The fitting shall be not less than 25mm minimum
internal diameter at all times unless class rules specify a particular alternative fitting. For
monohull yachts this fitting shall be at or near the bow but not on a bowsprit. For catamarans
the fitting may be at the stern for towing in reverse.

4. Yachts shall carry a towline of adequate strength and of such a length that it will extend twice
the yacht’s length beyond the bow when fitted as described in clause 3. If the yacht’s
mainsheet or other running rigging are to be used as a towline they shall be so fitted as to be
readily removable.

5. Yachts shall be fitted with a quick release mechanism (not a bolt, lashing, or screw shackle),
or a halyard which allows the mainsail to be lowered from both the deck and masthead, or, in
the case of pocket luff sails or rigid aerofoil, a mechanism which allows the entire rig to be
lowered quickly and easily.

6. Hollow masts shall be either

i) completely sealed to prevent the entry of water, or

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 ii) fitted with a drain hole not more than 500mm above the base and of such a size that it is
capable of draining all of the water that could be contained in the mast within 30 seconds with
the mast stood upright.

7. Centreboards shall be so secured to the hull that they remain within the centrecase when the
hull in inverted and they shall be sufficiently strong to support the weight of at least one crew
member during the manoeuvre of righting following a capsize. This clause does not apply to
windsurfers.

8. Rudders shall be secured to the hull in such a way that they remain in positions when the hull
is inverted. This clause does not apply to windsurfers.

9. Tillers and rudder blades, if not permanently attached to the rudder-stock, shall be secured to
it by a pin or lashing while the yacht is on the water. This clause does not apply to windsurfers.

10. Yachts shall carry an adequate bailer or pump attached to the hull by a lanyard of sufficient
length to allow them to be operated, unless the yacht has an enclosed hull from which most of
the water empties when righted, but not moving, following a capsize.

11. Yachts shall carry their class insignia and registered number on the port and starboard sides
of their hull, in clearly distinctive letters and figures at least 50 mm high.

12. Crews should be capable of swimming at least 50 metres in open water and should be
capable of supporting themselves in the water without a personal floatation device for at least
15 minutes.

13. Each trailer or cradle should be clearly marked with the class, number and name of each
yacht using it.

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ATTACHMENT C

ADDENDUM Q
UMPIRED FLEET RACING (Applied to the Medal Race)
These sailing instructions change the definitions Finish and Proper Course t, and rules 20.1, 28.1,
44.1, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64.1, 65, 66, 70, 78.3 and B7.

Q1 CHANGES TO RACING RULES

Q1.1 Changes to the Definitions and the Rules of Part 2 and Part 4
(a) The definition Finish is changed to ‘A boat finishes when any part of her hull, or crew or
equipment in normal position, crosses the finishing line in the direction of the course from the last
mark, either for the first time or after completing any penalties or, under rule 28.1, after correcting an
error made at the finishing line’.
(b) Add to the definition Proper Course: ‘A boat taking a penalty or manoeuvring to take a penalty
is not sailing a proper course.’
(c) When rule 20.1 applies, the following arm signals are required in addition to the hails:
(1) for ‘Room to tack’, repeatedly and clearly pointing to windward; and
(2) for ‘You tack’, repeatedly and clearly pointing at the other boat and waving the arm to
windward.
This instruction does not apply to boards.
Q1.2 Changes to Rules Involving Protests, Requests for Redress, Penalties and
Exoneration
(a) The first sentence of rule 44.1 is replaced with: 'A boat may take a voluntary One-Turn Penalty
when she may have broken a rule of Part 2 (except rule 14 when she has caused damage or injury)
or rule 31 while racing.'
(b) Rule 60.1 is replaced with ‘A boat may protest another boat or request redress provided she
complies with instructions Q2.1 and Q5.4.’
(c) The third sentence of rule 61.1(a) and all of rule 61.1(a)(2) are deleted. Rule B7 is deleted.
(d) Rule 62.1(a), (b) and (c) are deleted.
(e) Rule 64.1 (c) is changed so that the provision for exonerating a boat may be applied by the
umpires without a hearing, and it takes precedence over any conflicting instruction of this addendum.

Q2 PROTESTS AND REQUESTS FOR REDRESS BY BOATS

Q2.1 While racing, a boat may protest another boat under a rule of Part 2, except rule 14, but only
for an incident in which she was involved, or under rule 31. To do so she shall hail ‘Protest’ and
conspicuously display a red flag at the first reasonable opportunity for each. She shall remove the flag
before, or at the first reasonable opportunity after, a boat involved in the incident has taken a penalty
voluntarily or after an umpire’s decision. However, a board need not display a red flag.
Q2.2 A boat that protests as provided in instruction Q2.1 is not entitled to a hearing. Instead, a boat
involved in the incident may acknowledge breaking a rule by promptly taking the voluntary penalty
provided in instruction Q1.2(a). If no boat takes a penalty, an umpire will signal a decision as provided
in instruction Q3.1
Q2.3 At the finishing line the race committee will display each boat’s sail number and her finishing
place or scoring abbreviation. After this has been done for all boats, the race committee will promptly
display flag B with one sound. Two minutes later flag B will be removed with one sound.
Q2.4 A boat intending to
(a) protest another boat under a rule other than instruction Q3.2 or Q4.2(a), rule 42, 44 or a
rule listed in instruction Q2.1,
(b) protest another boat under rule 14 if there was contact that caused damage or injury, or
(c) request redress
shall hail the race committee before or during the display of flag B. The same time limit applies
to protests under instructions Q5.5 and Q5.6. The protest committee may extend the time
limit if there is good reason to do so.
Q2.5 The race committee will promptly inform the protest committee about any protests or requests
for redress made under instruction Q2.4.
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Q3 UMPIRE SIGNALS AND IMPOSED PENALTIES
Q3.1 An umpire will signal a decision as follows:
(a) A green flag or a green and white flag with one long sound means ‘No penalty.’
(b) A red flag with one long sound means ‘A penalty is imposed on one or more boats.’ The
umpire will hail or signal to identify penalized boat.
(c) A black flag with one long sound means ‘A boat is disqualified.’ The umpire will hail or
signal to identify the boat disqualified.
Q3.2
(a) A boat penalized under instruction Q3.1(b) shall take a penalty under rule 44.
(b) A boat disqualified under instruction Q3.1(c) shall promptly leave the course area.

Q4 PENALTIES AND PROTESTS INITIATED BY AN UMPIRE; ROUNDING

OR PASSING MARKS
Q4.1 When a boat
(a) breaks rule 31 and does not take a penalty,
(b) gains an advantage despite taking a penalty,
(c) deliberately breaks a rule,
(d) commits a breach of sportsmanship, or
(e) fails to comply with instruction Q3.2 or to take a penalty when required to do so by an
umpire,
an umpire may penalize her without a protest by another boat. The umpire may impose one or
more penalties to be taken under rule 44, each signalled by displaying a red flag and hailing
the boat, or disqualify her under instruction Q3.1(c), or report the incident to the protest
committee for further action.
Q4.2
(a) A boat shall not round or pass a mark on the wrong side. If she does so, she may
correct her error as provided in rule 28.1 only if she does so before she rounds or passes the
next mark or finishes.
(b) When a boat breaks instruction Q4.2(a) and fails to correct her error before rounding or
passing the next mark or finishing, an umpire may disqualify her under instruction Q3.1(c).
Q4.3 An umpire who decides, based on his own observation or a report received from any source,
that a boat may have broken a rule, other than instruction Q3.2 or Q4.2(a) or a rule listed in
instruction Q2.1, may inform the protest committee for its action under rule 60.3. However, he will not
inform the protest committee of an alleged breach of rule 14 unless there is damage or injury.

Q5 PROTESTS; REQUESTS FOR REDRESS OR REOPENING; APPEALS;

OTHER PROCEEDINGS
Q5.1 No proceedings of any kind may be taken in relation to any action or non-action by an umpire,
except as permitted in instruction Q5.2.
Q5.2 A boat may not base an appeal on an alleged improper action, omission or decision of the
umpires or the protest committee. In rule 66 the third sentence is changed to ‘A party to the hearing
may not ask for a reopening.’
Q5.3 (a) Protests and requests for redress need not be in writing.
(b) The protest committee may take evidence and conduct the hearing in any way it considers
appropriate and may communicate its decision orally.
(c) If the protest committee decides that a breach of a rule has had no effect on the outcome
of the race, it may impose a penalty of points or fraction of points or make another
arrangement it decides is equitable, which may be to impose no penalty.
Q5.4 The race committee will not protest a boat.
Q5.5 The event measurement committee, or, when no event measurement committee is appointed,
the event measurer or equipment inspector for the event, may protest a boat for an alleged breach of
a measurement rule or rule 43.1(a) or 43.1(b).

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Q5.6 The protest committee may protest a boat under rule 60.3. However, it will not protest a boat
for breaking instruction Q3.2 or Q4.2(a), a rule listed in instruction Q2.1, or rule 14 unless there is
damage or injury.

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