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MEC 2403-Lecture 2 - Summary
MEC 2403-Lecture 2 - Summary
MEC2403-Lecture 2
Objective
To show how stress can be related to strain by using experimental
methods to determine stress-strain diagram for a particular material
To discuss the properties of the stress-strain diagram for materials
commonly used in engineering
To discuss other mechanical properties and tests related to the
development of mechanics of materials
MEC2403-Lecture 2
Normal Strain
Hooks
Law
E Youngs Modulus or
Modulus of Elasticity
MEC2403-Lecture 2
No necking
Faster time of
rupture
No difference
between ultimate
strength ad
rupture strength
MEC2403-Lecture 2
MEC2403-Lecture 2
Fatigue
Fig. 2.21
MEC2403-Lecture 2
PL
AE
With variations in loading, cross-section or
material properties,
Pi Li
i Ai Ei
Fig. 2.22
MEC2403-Lecture 2
Thermal Stresses
ET
thermal expansion coef.
T is the change in temperature
MEC2403-Lecture 2
Poissons Ratio
Poissons ratio is defined as
lateral strain
z
axial strain
x
x
Generalized
Hookes Law
x y z
y
z
x y z
E
x y z
E
MEC2403-Lecture 2
10
e x y z
1 2
x y z
E
dilatation
E
k
bulk modulus
31 2
0 12
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Shearing Strain
xy G xy yz G yz zx G zx
Components of normal and shear
strain are related
Fig. 2-47
MEC2403-Lecture 2
12
Composite Materials
Materials with directionally dependent mechanical
properties are anisotropic.
x
Ex
x
xy
y
Ey
y
z
Ez
z
y
z
xz
x
x
MEC2403-Lecture 2
13
Saint-Venants Principle
Saint-Venants Principle:
Stress distribution may be assumed
independent of the mode of load
application except in the immediate
vicinity of load application points.
MEC2403-Lecture 2
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Elastoplastic Materials
Deformations of an elastoplastic material
are divided into elastic and plastic ranges
Permanent deformations result from
loading beyond the yield stress
K max
ave
15
Residual Stresses
Residual stresses will remain in a structure after
loading and unloading if
- only part of the structure undergoes plastic
deformation
- different parts of the structure undergo different
plastic deformations
MEC2403-Lecture 2
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MEC2403-Lecture 2
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