PHARM II EXAM 1 ABX I HINTS

Sterile parts of the body

Drug of choice for Group
A strep infections, syphilis

Extended Spectrum
PCNs (greater Gram Neg)
Anti-Staph PCNs
Piperacillin - INJ

PCNs SE:
All beta-lactams are
synergistic w/:
Meds of 1st Gen.
Cephalosporins
1st Gen. Cephalosporin
coverage:
2nd Gen. Cephalosporin
Coverage:

Meds of 2nd Gen.

Cephalosporin
3rd Gen. Cephalosporin
Coverage:

Meds of 3rd Gen.

Cephalosporins
Cephalosporin good for
renal insufficiency pts.

Broadest spectrum
Beta-Lactams

Med for
CarbapeNEMs
Coverage:
Gram (+) MRSA / MRSE,
Enterococcus

Classes of Protein
Synthesis Inhibitors

Blood / CSF / Urine /

Lower Respiratory Tract

Gram NEGATIVE

PCN
Amoxicillin - PO
(similar to ampicillin
PO, inj but w/ less AEs)

Oxacillin IV, PO (out pt)

Dicloxacillin PO (in pt)
Anti-Pseudomonal
PCNs (Klebsiella, Strep)
Hypersensitivity
Nephritis
Diarrhea
Aminglycosides
(TAG-abbrev of meds)

Cefazolin (Ancef) Inj

Cephalexin (Keflex) PO
Gram (+) Cocci
Gram (-) Rods
Gram (+) Cocci
Gram (-) Rods
Gram (-) Cocci
Cefoxitin (Mefoxin) Inj
Cefuroxime (Ceftin) PO,inj
Gram (-) Cocci
Gram (-) Rods
Cefotaxime (Claforan)
inj

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) inj

Cefdinir (Omnicef) PO
Rocephin (3rd Gen.)
(all other meds use renal
excretion)

CarbapeNEMS
(empiric tx)
ImipeMEN / Cilastatin
(Primaxin)
MeropeNEM (Merrem)
Vancomycin
(Cell wall inhibitor)
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides

Cocci

Neisseria

Rods

Salmonella
Pseudomonas
E. Coli
Klebsiella
Shigella

Gram POSITIVE

Cocci

Staph
Strep

Rods

Clostridium

Coccobacilli

H. Influenza
M. Catarrhalis

Hi MC N Speks

AE: Red Man

Syndrome

Vancomycin

Ototoxicity/ Nephrotoxicity

2nd Gen. Cephalosporin

that crosses BBB
3rd Gen. Cephalosporin
against N. Gonorrhea

Cefuroxime (Ceftin)
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Cephalosporin for
MRSA coverage

Ceftaroline (Telflaro) inj

(adv generation)

Class of Cephalosporin
that reliably cross BBB

3rd Generation:
Rocephin / Claforan

Cephalosporin:
surgical coverage

Cefazolin (Ancef)
1st Generation
Beta-Lactamase
Inhibitor (extended

Amoxicillin / Clavulanic
Acid (Augmentin) PO

coverage of Amoxicillin)

Cell Wall Inhibitor ABX

Topical application due to
severe nephrotoxicity

Bacitracin

(plus OTHERS)

Macrolides

PHARM II EXAM 1 ABX II Protein Synthesis

Inhibitors HINTS
50 S subunit
MCC

Macrolides
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin

30 S subunit

Tetracycline
Aminoglycosides

Used in PCN allergies

Macrolides
(Erythromycin)

Gray baby syndrome

(anemias as well)

Chloramphenicol
(SEs)

Macrolides Meds:
ACE

Tetracycline
Chloramphenicol
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

Plasma levels must

be monitored

Aminoglycosides
(TAG)

Tetracyclines
Meds:

Focus on
Anaerobes

Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol

Enters CSF

Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
Chloramphenicol
Minocycline (tetracycline)

Useful for
renal impairment
Most common SE of
Macrolides
Lyme Dz / RMSF
Cholera / Chlamydia

Doxycycline

Bactericidal

Aminoglycosides

GI upset

Bacteriostatic

Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines
(spectrum)

Clindamycin SE

Good for hospital

acquired Gram NEG

Gentamicin

Aminoglycosides Meds
TAG

Superinfections
(broad spectrum)

Tetracyline
Chloramphenicol

Taken w/ Ca/ Mg / Al or
Fe can Absorption

Pseudomembranous
colitis / C. diff
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Tetracycline
(FQs as well)

Broad spectrum

Aerobic Gram NEG

ONLY
Burns easily in the sun
Extensive liver
metabolism

Aminoglycosides
(TAG)
Tetracyclines
(photosensitivity)
Macrolides
(ACE)

Less GI side effects

than Erythromycin
Can be combined w/
B-Lactams or Vancomycin

Azithromycin
(Less DIs as well)
Aminoglycosides

Ototoxicity /
Nephrotoxicity

Aminoglycosides
(TAG)

Clindamycin
Tetracycline

30 S subunit
Gram + / -

Tetracyclines

50 S Subunit
Non-enterococcal
Gram + cocci

50 S Subunit
Renal Excretion

Chloramphenicol

Bile / Urinary Excretion