http://taxguru.in/income-tax/all-about-carry-forward-and-set-off-of-losses-underthe-income-tax-act.

html
http://www.readyratios.com/reference/software/excel_financial_functions.html
http://www.wallstreetprep.com/knowledge/investment-banking-vs-private-equity/
http://fiveminutelessons.com/learn-microsoft-excel/how-use-vlookup-excel

Private equity firms, on the other hand, are groups of investors that use collected
pools of capital from wealthy individuals, pension funds, insurance companies,
endowments, etc. to invest in businesses. Private equity funds make money
from a) convincing capital holders to give them large pools of money and
charging a % on these pools and b) generating returns on their investments.
They are investors, not advisors.

There is less standardization in private equity various funds will engage their associates in
different ways, but there are several functions that are fairly common, and private equity
associates will participate in all these functions to some extent. They can be boiled down into
four different areas:

Fundraising

Screening for and making investments

Managing investments and portfolio companies

Exit strategy

Fundraising

Typically handled by the most senior private equity professionals, but Associates may be
asked to help out with this process by putting together presentations that illustrate the funds
past performance, strategy, and past investors. Other analysis may include credit analysis on
the fund itself.
Screening for and making investments

Associates often play a large role in screening for investment opportunities. The Associate
puts together various financial models and identifies key investment rationale for senior
management regarding why the fund should invest capital in such investments. Analysis may
also include how the investment may complement other portfolio companies that the PE fund
owns.
Banking Models vs Private Equity Models

Because Associates are often ex-investment bankers, much of the modeling and valuation
analysis required in a PE shop is familiar to them. That said, the level of detail of investment
banking pitchbooks vs PE analysis varies widely. Ex-bankers often find that the huge
investment banking models they are used to working on are replaced by more targeted, back
of the envelope analysis in the screening process, but the diligence process is a lot more

thorough. One cynical argument to explain this difference is that while investment bankers
build models to impress clients to win advisory business, PE firms build models to confirm
an investment thesis where theyve got some serious skin in the game. As a result, all te
bells and whistles are taken out of the models, with a much bigger focus is on the
operations of the businesses being acquired. When deals are under way, associates will also
work with lenders and the investment bank advising them to negotiate financing.
Managing investments and portfolio companies

Often managed by a dedicated operations team. Associates (especially those with

management consulting experience) may assist the team in helping portfolio companies
revamp operations and increase operating efficiency (EBITDA margins, ROE, cost cutting).
How much interaction an Associate gets with this process purely depends on the fund and the
funds strategy. There are also some funds that have Associates dedicated to just this part of
the deal process.
Exit strategy

Involves both the junior team (including Associates) and senior management. Specifically,
associates screen for potential buyers, build analyses to compare exit strategies Again, this
process is modeling heavy and requires in-depth analysis.