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EX KOTHAMALA-2
BRAILLE SYSTEM: EYES OF A BLIND MAN
Introduction
1.

Bismillahr Rahmanir Rahim.

2.
You have witnessed in the first wk of our combined class in Mirpur Hall in the
subj, Essentials of Developing Communication Skill, where you saw an example
that by changing some words one can change the world. A begger was made full of
bucks by someones creative ideas, like, Its a beautiful day, but I cant see, instead
of telling I am a blind man. Just simple reordering of your thoughts and deeds can
make all the differences in the world. With this immense approach of rediscovering
of thoughts the Braille system was invented for the people who cannot see.
3.
Directing Staff and Offrs present Assalamu Alaikum and very good morning.
For next 09 minutes or so I shall try to impart knowledge on the topic Braille
systems Eye of a blind man.
Aim
4.
For that the aim of my presenatation is to apprise you about few important
aspects of Braille systems.
Sequence
5.

And the seq I will follow which is flased on the screen.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

Definition
History
How Braille System Works
Applications
Outcomes of Braille Technology
Braille Organizations
Conclusion
Question and Answer

Definition
6.
A written system used by the blind and visually impaired people but not
suitable for menatally autistic people. It is traditionally written with embossed paper.
It is used in dots and identified by touch.
History
7.

The histories are depicted below :

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a.
Braille was based on a tactile military code called night writing, initially
developed by Charles Barbier in response to Napoleon's demand for a
means for soldiers to communicate silently
b.
In Barbier's system, it proved to be too difficult for soldiers to recognize
by touch in a rag cloth.
c.
Blinded in both eyes as a result of an early childhood accident, Braille
mastered his disability while still a boy.
d.
He excelled in his education at Royal Institute for Blind Youth in Paris,
France.
e.

After completing the education he revised the Brabiers system.

f.
Invented a new writing and reading technology for the blind as named
Braille System with French alphabets.
How Braille System Works ?
8.
It works with a 6 dot cells which is lowered or raised of 64 possible
combinations which can be sensed by the soft touch of the fingers. Finally codes are
acuumulated in a form of alphabets. By memorising these 3 process a blind man
can read and write with a sense of the fingers. But for that it requires a constant
training and practices. The combined dots are arranged in the Braille cell for each
letter of the alphabet. From the Braille alphabet then one can construct a sentence.
It can denote the numbers and punctuations also. But cannot signify the critical
mathematical/chemical equations.
Application
9.

Braille systems may be incoprporated

a.
Computer. The system is incorporated with computer for writing and
printing also, but requiers a special software.
b.
Foods & Beverages.
One blind man can sense his foods and
beverages that what type of food and drink he/she is taking.
c.
Comm Technology.
In tele comm tech, one blind man can
operate the existing modern phones which are specially improvised in Braille
system.
d.
Daily Life.
In the daily life, Braille sys made it easy to meet their
basics in home and outsides.
e.
For the kids. And for the blind kids, life is somehow meaningful to
enjoy the existing facilty of the society.
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Outcome of the Society
10.

The outcomes of the society are:

a.

Equality and Security

b.

Literacy

c.

Perform tasks

d.

Functions in the society

Braille organization
11.
The braille wk is celbrated by 4th - 10th January each year in Brimingham,
UK. Here, people gather and celebrate the Braille system to help people know and
understand more about Braille. It is discussed to improve the access to reading in all
formats from Braille to large points.
12.
UNESCO maintains the World Braille Publications and so far they published
the systems in 150 different languages. The Bangladeshi born Dr. Ragib Hasan of
Asst Professor of UAB, USA moderated the Bengali Braille Codes for the first time
and the book you can see holding in his hand is the masterpiece.
Conclusion
13.
Braille education remains important for developing reading skills among blind
and visually impaired children, and braille literacy correlates with higher employment
rates. This gives the best opportunity to the blind people to be active in the society.
Though the system learning is little time consuming but can effectively help the
visually impaired persons in the society. So far I have discueed about the definition,
history, how braille works, applications and outcomes of this technology.

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Helping tools
They can make you laugh, or make you cry. Engage or enrage. Bring joy, bring
sorrow. They can herald new life, memorialize lives gone, inspire great acts of
heroism or despicable acts of evil. They can transport you to other worlds,
other times, other places.
CHANGE YOUR WORDS CHANGE YOUR WORLD
But sometimes, just a simple re-thinking, re-wording, re-ordering, of your thoughts,
words and deeds can make all the difference in the world.

Its a beautiful day and I cant see

I dont know whether you have seen the YouTube video clip titled The Power of
Words link here but it is really quite powerful and a great lesson for us in our
business and personal relationships. It portrays a man begging for money with a
cardboard sign that says Im blind, Please help and a only few people toss him
coins. That is, until a woman comes along and rewrites his sign causing the
donations to double.
She writes Its a beautiful day and I cant see. She solved a problem by thinking in
a lateral way and expressing the mans message differently with colour and imagery
and emotion, eliciting a totally different result. Its about being aware of the power of
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words, and the realisation we can change almost anything in our world when we
change our words.
If he had said Im blind and 20% of the world are too so help us , then that logical,
data based, analytical approach would have interested and generated a response
from a few more people but not double.
On the other hand, when we choose to be devoid of creativity or story telling or
innuendo in relaying our messages, then we lean toward being literal eg Im Blind.
Please help. By being black and white, as unfair as it may seem, sometimes
people think who cares?. When we are literal, we can be too specific and that can
result in breaking rapport and repelling people and we influence no one.
The reason I am sharing this is because how we communicate, the lingual
emphasis, the lexical approach (OK so Im on a roll here :)) is so important to the
results that matter the most to us in our day to day business life with relationships,
in proposals and sales presentations, in corporate literature and commercial
conversations and knowing the difference is half the battle and half the fun.
So check your vocabulary, juice it up, introduce a new word this week and most of
all, make sure you have a beautiful day.
Be Bold and Brilliant!
Braille is a tactile writing system used by the blind and the visually impaired. It is
traditionally written with embossed paper. Braille-users can read computer screens
and other electronic supports thanks to refreshable braille displays. They can write
braille with the original slate and stylus or type it on a braille writer, such as a
portable braille note-taker, or on a computer that prints with a braille embosser.
Braille is named after its creator, Frenchman Louis Braille, who lost his eyesight due
to a childhood accident. In 1824, at the age of 15, Braille developed his code for the
French alphabet as an improvement on night writing. He published his system,
which subsequently included musical notation, in 1829. The second revision,
published in 1837, was the first binary form of writing developed in the modern era.

History
7.
Braille was based on a tactile military code called night writing, developed by
Charles Barbier in response to Napoleon's demand for a means for soldiers to
communicate silently at night and without light. In Barbier's system, sets of 12
embossed dots encoded 36 different sounds. It proved to be too difficult for soldiers
to recognize by touch, and was rejected by the military. In 1821 Barbier visited the
Royal Institute for the Blind in Paris, where he met Louis Braille. Braille identified
two major defects of the code: first, by representing only sounds, the code was
unable to render the orthography of the words; second, the human finger could not
encompass the whole 12-dot symbol without moving, and so could not move rapidly
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from one symbol to another. Braille's solution was to use 6-dot cells and to assign a
specific pattern to each letter of the alphabet. At first, braille was a one-to-one
transliteration of French orthography, but soon various abbreviations, contractions,
and even logograms were developed, creating a system much more like shorthand.
The expanded English system, called Grade-2 Braille, was complete by 1905. For
the blind today, braille is an independent writing system rather than a code of printed
orthography.
How Braille System works
8.
Braille is derived from the Latin alphabet, albeit indirectly. In Braille's original
system, the dot patterns were assigned to letters according to their position within
the alphabetic order of the French alphabet, with accented letters and w sorted at
the end.
The first ten letters of the alphabet, aj, use the upper four dot positions:
(black dots in the table below). These stand for the ten digits 19
and 0 in a system parallel to Hebrew gematria and Greek isopsephy. (Though the
dots are assigned in no obvious order, the cells with the fewest dots are assigned to
the first three letters (and lowest digits), abc = 123 (), and to the three vowels in
this part of the alphabet, aei (), whereas the even digits, 4, 6, 8, 0 (), are
corners/right angles.)
Braille is the primary reading and writing system used by the visually impaired.
Helps in increasing literacy among the visually impaired. In modern world Braille
technologies are supported by various electronic devices.

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