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    Lnec - ICDS12: Variation of Stress in Arch Structures Due To Variable Concrete Pressure Models

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    The document summarizes research on modeling the effects of variable wet concrete pressure on precast arch structures during construction. Finite element analysis was used to model a case study arch and 10 concrete placement stages. The quarter span region was found to be most at risk of failure during intermediate placements when there was a large height difference in wet concrete levels. Analysis of stress ratios showed the horizontal concrete pressure could be a significant factor in arch design. The discussion notes the importance of considering this effect to avoid over or under designing the arch thickness and the associated costs.

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    Lnec - ICDS12: Variation of Stress in Arch Structures Due To Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    Uploaded by

    victorrbg
    6 views9 pages
    The document summarizes research on modeling the effects of variable wet concrete pressure on precast arch structures during construction. Finite element analysis was used to model a case study arch and 10 concrete placement stages. The quarter span region was found to be most at risk of failure during intermediate placements when there was a large height difference in wet concrete levels. Analysis of stress ratios showed the horizontal concrete pressure could be a significant factor in arch design. The discussion notes the importance of considering this effect to avoid over or under designing the arch thickness and the associated costs.

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    The document summarizes research on modeling the effects of variable wet concrete pressure on precast arch structures during construction. Finite element analysis was used to model a case study arch and 10 concrete placement stages. The quarter span region was found to be most at risk of failure during intermediate placements when there was a large height difference in wet concrete levels. Analysis of stress ratios showed the horizontal concrete pressure could be a significant factor in arch design. The discussion notes the importance of considering this effect to avoid over or under designing the arch thickness and the associated costs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views9 pages

    Lnec - ICDS12: Variation of Stress in Arch Structures Due To Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    Uploaded by

    victorrbg
    The document summarizes research on modeling the effects of variable wet concrete pressure on precast arch structures during construction. Finite element analysis was used to model a case study arch and 10 concrete placement stages. The quarter span region was found to be most at risk of failure during intermediate placements when there was a large height difference in wet concrete levels. Analysis of stress ratios showed the horizontal concrete pressure could be a significant factor in arch design. The discussion notes the importance of considering this effect to avoid over or under designing the arch thickness and the associated costs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    ICDS12

    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation


    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    DS

    VARIATION OF STRESS IN ARCH


    STRUCTURES DUE TO VARIABLE
    CONCRETE PRESSURE MODELS

    IC

    PAUL CAHILL, EOIN ALLEN,


    ALAN O'CONNOR AND
    VIKRAM PAKRASHI

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Introduction

    When wet concrete is placed, it acts like a Bingham Plastic and is capable
    of exerting a horizontal loading onto the support structure in place

    LNE
    C

    As such, the precast elements can act like a formwork until sufficient
    hardening of the concrete has occurred

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    DS

    The horizontal loading of wet concrete of differing heights on either side of


    the arch must be designed for to prevent failure, specifically in the
    Serviceability Limit State

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Modelling of Horizontal Pressure

    There exist numerous theories for the maximum pressure of wet concrete
    acting on vertical formwork, of which five were considered for this study

    LNE
    C

    Rodins Model

    Gardners Model
    CIRIA Model

    Adams Model

    ACIs Model

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    DS

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNE
    C

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    DS

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Modelling of Arch and Wet Concrete

    A model arch was created with dimensions based on the case study arch

    LNE
    C

    Stage by stage modelling of the wet concrete being placed was


    completed with a maximum height difference of 0.4m between the levels of
    concrete on the opposing sides of the arch

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Analysis of the horizontal effects of the wet concrete was completed using
    Strand 7 Finite Element Analysis software

    DS

    A 3D model arch was created using eight node Hexahedral


    (Hexa8) brick elements, with 10 loading cases representing the
    various concrete placements

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Results

    All areas of the solved arch were analysed for all loading cases to
    determine the most at risk area

    LNE
    C

    Following the second to last placement, the quarter span on the side of the
    arch onto which wet concrete had been placed to the height of the arch (3.0m)
    proved to be the most at risk region

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Evolution of the pressure during placing


    cycle with most at risk region indicated
    during:
    (a) 6th Placing
    (b) 7th Placing

    (c) 8th Placing- Second to Last

    (b)

    0.8322MPa

    DS

    0.5407MPa

    (c)

    1.1743MPa

    0.7248MPa

    1.0499MPa

    1.2404MPa

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    LNE
    C

    Sections were cut along the length of the arch through the thickness

    The ratio of normal pressure due to the horizontal loading of the wet
    concrete and the normal pressure due to the self-weight of the arch was
    determined

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    DS

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    LNE
    C

    Varying Operational Conditions

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    DS

    Varying Geometric Conditions

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Cost Analysis

    Cost of arch as a ratio against other construction costs

    LNE
    C

    Failure to account for horizontal loading of wet concrete through either


    over or under designing leads to significantly increased costs

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

    ICDS12
    International Conference DURABLE STRUCTURES: from construction to rehabilitation
    LNEC Lisbon Portugal 31 May - 1 June 2012

    DURABLE STRUCTURES

    12

    LNEC Lisbon 31 May - 1June 2012

    Discussion

    The effects of the horizontal loading of wet concrete on precast arch are
    substantial

    DS

    In the absence of credible test data or monitoring, it is advisable to work


    with the envelope of stress ratios obtained form different models
    Quarter span of the arch is most at risk to failure

    Over sizing the thickness of the arch due to overestimation can lead to
    15% increased costs
    Under sizing the thickness of the arch due to failure can lead to 45%
    increased cost due to requirement for replacement Arch

    LNE
    C

    IC

    Variation of Stress in Arch Structures due to Variable Concrete Pressure Models

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