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TB Chapter17
TB Chapter17
TB Chapter17
Sound Waves
Multiple Choice
1.
The velocity of sound in sea water is 1533 m/s. Find the bulk modulus (in N/m 2)
of sea water if its density is 1.025 103 kg/m3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
2.
A sculptor strikes a piece of marble with a hammer. Find the speed of sound
through the marble (in km/s). (The Youngs modulus is 50 109 N/m2 and its
density is 2.7 103 kg/m3.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3.
5.1
4.3
3.5
1.3
1.8
The Youngs modulus for aluminum is 7.02 1010 N/m2. If the speed of sound in
aluminum is measured to be 5.10 km/s, find its density (in kg/m 3).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4.
2.6 109
2.2 109
2.0 109
2.4 109
2.8 109
11.3 103
7.80 103
2.70 103
29.3 103
1.40 103
It is possible to hear an approaching train before you can see it by listening to the
sound wave through the track. If the elastic modulus is 2.0 1011 N/m2 and the
density of steel is 7.8 103 kg/m3, approximately how many times faster is the
speed of sound in the track than in air? ( vair 340m/s .)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
20
5
10
15
25
309
310
5.
CHAPTER 17
6.
3.5 102
1.6 102
2.7 102
4.2 102
2.0 102
2.9 1010
3.7 1010
7.8 109
2.4 109
1.9 1010
The variation in the pressure of helium gas, measured from its equilibrium value,
is given by P = 2.9 105 cos (6.2x 3000t) where x and t have units m and s,
and P is measured in N/m2. Determine the frequency (in Hz) of the wave.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
9.
8.
Calculate the pressure amplitude (in N/m 2) of a 500 Hz sound wave in helium if
the displacement amplitude is equal to 5 108 m. ( = 0.179 kg/m3, v = 972 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
7.
/k
k/
1500
477
1.01
0.32
239
The variation in the pressure of helium gas, measured from its equilibrium value,
is given by P = 2.9 105 cos (6.2x 3000t) where x and t have units m and s,
and P is measured in N/m2. Determine the wavelength (in m) of the wave.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1500
0.32
477
1.01
0.50
Sound Waves
10.
The variation in the pressure of helium gas, measured from its equilibrium value,
is given by P = 2.9 105 cos (6.2x 3000t) where x and t have units m and s.
Determine the speed (in m/s) of the wave.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
11.
20
200
92
9
10
A jet plane has a sound level of 150 dB. What is the intensity in W/m 2?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
14.
3.7 107
1.8 107
9.2 108
4.6 108
1.5 109
13.
1515
153
484
828
101
12.
311
1
100
10
1000
10000
By what factor will an intensity change when the corresponding sound level
increases by 3 dB?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
3
0.5
2
4
0.3
312
15.
CHAPTER 17
By what factor is the intensity of sound at a rock concert louder than that of a
whisper when the two intensity levels are 120 dB and 20 dB respectively?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
16.
A point source emits sound with a power output of 100 watts. What is the
intensity (in W/m2) at a distance of 10.0 m from the source?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
17.
139
119
129
109
10
A car approaches a stationary police car at 36 m/s. The frequency of the siren
(relative to the police car) is 500 Hz. What is the frequency (in Hz) heard by an
observer in the moving car as he approaches the police car? (Assume the velocity
of sound in air is 343 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
19.
7.96 102
7.96 101
7.96 100
7.96 101
7.96 103
A point source emits sound waves with a power output of 100 watts. What is the
sound level (in dB) at a distance of 10 m?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
18.
1012
108
106
1010
1011
220
448
5264
552
383
A car moving at 36 m/s passes a stationary police car whose siren has a
frequency of 500 hz. What is the change in the frequency (in Hz) heard by an
observer in the moving car as he passes the police car? (The speed of sound in air
is 343 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
416
208
105
52
552
Sound Waves
20.
A truck moving at 36 m/s passes a police car moving at 45 m/s in the opposite
direction. If the frequency of the siren relative to the police car is 500 Hz, what is
the frequency heard by an observer in the truck as the police car approaches the
truck? (The speed of sound in air is 343 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
21.
242
238
240
236
234
How fast (in m/s) is the Concorde moving if it reaches Mach 1.5? (The speed of
sound in air is 344 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
24.
361
636
393
396
383
A truck moving at 36 m/s passes a police car moving at 45 m/s in the opposite
direction. If the frequency of the siren is 500 Hz relative to the police car, what is
the change in frequency (in Hz) heard by an observer in the truck as the two
vehicles pass each other? (The speed of sound in air is 343 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
23.
396
636
361
393
617
A truck moving at 36 m/s passes a police car moving at 45 m/s in the opposite
direction. If the frequency of the siren is 500 Hz relative to the police car, what is
the frequency heard by an observer in the truck after the police car passes the
truck? (The speed of sound in air is 343 m/s.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
22.
313
229
516
416
728
858
A stone is thrown into a quiet pool of water. With no fluid friction, the amplitude
of the waves falls off with distance r from the impact point as
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1/r3
1/r2
1/r3/2
1/r1/2
1/r
314
25.
CHAPTER 17
26.
When you hear the horn of a car that is approaching you, the frequency that you
hear is larger than that heard by a person in the car because
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
27.
stay put.
run towards her at the same speed.
run away from her at the same speed.
stay put and play a note of higher frequency.
run towards her and play a note of higher frequency.
To decrease the intensity of the sound you are hearing from your speaker system
by a factor of 36, you can
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
29.
wave crests are farther apart by the distance the car travels in one period.
wave crests are closer together by the distance the car travels in one period.
the car gets ahead of each wave crest before it emits the next one.
the speed of sound in air is increased by the speed of the car.
a speeding car emits more wavecrests in each period.
While you are sounding a tone on a toy whistle, you notice a friend running
toward you. If you want her to hear the same frequency that you hear even
though she is approaching, you must
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
28.
reduce the amplitude by a factor of 12 and increase your distance from the
speaker by a factor of 3.
reduce the amplitude by a factor of 4 and increase your distance from the
speaker by a factor of 3.
reduce the amplitude by a factor of 2 and increase your distance from the
speaker by a factor of 3.
reduce the amplitude by a factor of 3 and increase your distance from the
speaker by a factor of 4.
reduce the amplitude by a factor of 3 and increase your distance from the
speaker by a factor of 12.
Sound Waves
30.
31.
drop in frequency.
stay at the same frequency.
increase in frequency.
decrease in loudness.
stay at the same loudness.
(Do not try the following: it could kill you. This question is only about a
hypothetical possibility.) If you were standing below an object falling at terminal
velocity, as it approached you, you would hear the sound
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
32.
drop in frequency.
stay at the same frequency.
increase in frequency.
decrease in loudness.
stay at the same loudness.
2720
8
y(x,t) 0.002cm sin x
t .
s
m
The wavelength is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
33.
315
0.0398 m.
0.125 m.
0.250 m.
4.00 m.
8.00 m.
2720
8
y(x,t) 0.002cm sin x
t .
s
m
3.68 104 .
7.35 104 .
1360.
2720.
2720.
316
34.
CHAPTER 17
2720
0.002cm 8
A spherical wave has the form (r,t)
t . The
sin x
r
s
35.
0.002 cm.
0.002cm
.
r
0.002cm
.
r
0.002cm 2
.
r
0.002cm
.
r2
0.002cm
A spherical wave has the form (r,t)
r
0.25 m.
0.50 m.
4 m.
8 m.
4 m.
2720
8
t . The
sin x
s
m
Sound Waves
36.
2720
0.002cm 8
A spherical wave has the form (r,t)
t . The
sin x
r
s
37.
3.68 104 .
7.35 104 .
1360.
2720.
2720.
2720
0.002cm 8
A spherical wave has the form (r,t)
t . The
sin x
r
s
38.
317
0.00588.
16.
340.
1360.
2720.
A boy has climbed to the top of a 6.00 m tall tree. When he shouts, the sound
waves have an intensity of 0.250
W
at a 1.00 m distance from the top of the
m2
tree. The ratio of intensity at the base of the tree to the intensity 1.00 m from the
top of the tree is
a.
36
b.
c.
d.
e.
39.
1
25
1
.
6
1
.
5
1
.
6
Which of the following does not have a precise definition in terms of the physical
properties of sound waves?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
frequency
intensity
loudness
sound level
wavelength
318
40.
CHAPTER 17
A friend hands you an equation sheet with the following equation for the
Doppler effect: f
(v vO )
f . This version of the equation is correct with signs
(v v S )
as given only if
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
41.
A boat sounds a fog horn on a day when both the sea water and the air
temperature are 25.0 C. The speed of sound in sea water is 1533 m/s. How
much earlier in s does a dolphin 1000 m from the source hear the sound than a
person in a boat that is also 1000 m distant? (Ignore the time it takes the sound to
reach the water surface.)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
42.
43.
0.652
2.12
2.24
2.77
2.90
9.95 103 .
1.99 102 .
0.313.
0.399.
0.625.
On a day when the speed of sound in the upper air is 320 m/s, you fly coast to
coast in the United States, a distance of about 4850 km, in about one hour, if the
Mach number for the speed of your airplane is about
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1.
2
3
4
5.
Sound Waves
44.
A fire engine approaches a wall at 5 m/s while the siren emits a tone of 500 Hz
frequency. At the time, the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. How many beats per
second do the people on the fire engine hear?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
45.
319
0
15
29
63
250
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Open-Ended Problems
46.
A bat, flying at 5.00 m/s, emits a chirp at 40.0 kHz. If this sound pulse is reflected
by a wall, what is the frequency of the echo received by the bat?
(vsound = 340 m/s.)
47.
48.
49.
320
50.
CHAPTER 17
Sound Waves
Chapter 17
Sound Waves
1.
27.
2.
28.
3.
29.
4.
30.
5.
31.
6.
32.
7.
33.
8.
34.
9.
35.
10.
36.
11.
37.
12.
38.
13.
39.
14.
40.
15.
41.
16.
42.
17.
43.
18.
44.
19.
45.
20.
46.
41.2 kHz
21.
47.
19.7 km
22.
48.
23.
49.
IOrchestra = 31.6IViolin
24.
50.
7.9 km
25.
26.
321
322
CHAPTER 17
Sound Waves
323