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TCS1 LT2
TCS1 LT2
TCS1 LT2
Basic Telephony
TCS1
By
S.M.Hafeez Ali, Lecturer/Tele
I R I S E T, Secunderabad
LT 2, SMHA
Basic Telephony
Basic Telephony
History
It was one of those moments when the world
changes forever. On March 10, 1876, Thomas
Watson was staring at a strange piece of mechanical
apparatus when he heard it speak the words that
made history: "Mr Watson! Come here! I want to
see you!" Those three short exclamations mark the
moment when the telephone properly came into
being, thanks to Watson's brilliant colleague
Alexander Graham Bell (18471922). Since that
moment, a little over a century ago, the telephone
has become one of the most commonplace
inventions in the world.
LT 2, SMHA
Basic Telephony
Basic Telephony
Bell's patent
1.The speaker talks into a horn.
2.The sound of their voice makes a diaphragm
vibrate.
3.The vibrations move a coil near a magnet,
converting the mechanical sound energy into a
fluctuating electric current.
4.The electric current travels down a wire,
which can (in theory) be any length.
5.At the receiving end, similar equipment
reverses the process. The electric current
flows into a coil placed near a magnet, making
the coil move back and forth, and pushing
another diaphragm.
6.The diaphragm, stretched over a second
horn, recreates the original sound. The
narrowing shape of the diaphragm helps to
amplify the sound.
LT 2, SMHA
Basic Telephony
LT 2, SMHA
Basic Telephony
Basic Telephony
Basic Telephony
Receiver
Electrical network for equalization
Associated circuitry
to control sidetone level
to regulate signal power
Signaling circuitry
Basic Telephony
Essential Components
Ringer Circuit
Electronic oscilllator
To alert the destination party of the incoming calls
Basic Telephony
Essential Components
Equalizer circuit
Combination of passive components (resistors &
capacitors)
To regulate the amplitude & frequency response of
the voice signals
Speaker/receiver
Converts electrical signals received from the local
loop to acoustical signals (sound waves)
Enclosed in the handset of the telephone along
with a microphone
Basic Telephony
Essential Components
Microphone
Transmitter
Converts acoustical signals in the form of sound
pressure waves from the caller to electrical signals
Hybrid network
Hybrid coil/duplex coil
Special balanced transformer used to convert 2wire (local loop) circuit into 4-wire (telephone set)
circuit
Basic Telephony
Essential Components
Dialing circuit
Enables the subscriber to output signals
representing digits
Rotary dialer/Electronic dial pulsing circuit/touch
tone keypad
Basic Telephony
CONSTITUENTS OF TELEPHONY
a) Telephones
b) Telephone exchange
c) Human speech and its transmission
d) Types of currents
e) Cables, MDF, IDF
f) Power Supply
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Basic Telephony
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Basic Telephony
PROTECTIVE DEVICES
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Basic Telephony
Fuse
200 mA
GD Tube
180 V
Fuse
200 mA
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Basic Telephony
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Basic Telephony
Telephone Exchanges on IR
1. C-DoT - India
2. OKI - Japan
3. ARIA - Korea
4. IRIS - India
5. Coral Flexicom - Israel
6. Siemens - Germany
7. Tata - India
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Basic Telephony
TELEPHONE INSTRUMENTS
Types Of Telephones in IR
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Basic Telephony
Description
Selective
Magneto
Calling
Phone
Phone
Control
Phone
Portable
Control
Phone
Autophone
No. of Wires
Power Supply
3V
12V
12V
3V
---
Type of
Signaling
75V/
25Hz
DTMF
DTMF
---
Pulse/
Tone
Circuit
Connection
Dial Pad
LT 2, SMHA
Yes
T12A - Basic Telephony
No
No
Point to
Point
Yes
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Basic Telephony
TELEPHONE INSTRUMENTS
a) Push button Telephones:
(i) Single line (ii) Double line
b) Main & Extension (1+1) type Telephones.
c) Hand free Telephone with caller ID (CLIP phone)
d) Integraded telephones
(i) Single line with Data connection &speaker phone facility.
(ii) Two line with speaker phone facility
(iii) Caller ID compatible
(iv) Two line CLIP with speaker phone facility
(v) Cord less phone
e) DMKT
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