INTERVENTION BIOLOGY CHAPTER 10

CHAPTER 10 : TRANSPORT
1. The diagram below shows the cross section of a human heart.

S
P

(a) Label structures A, B, C and D.

A: .

C: ..

B: .

D: ..

(b) State the functions of structures labelled P and Q.

P: .
Q: .
(c) The muscular wall of D is thicker compared to the muscular wall of structure E. Explain why?

(d) Draw arrows to indicate the direction of blood flow in the heart.
(e) Name two differences between structures Q and S .
1. .....................................................................................
..
2. ..

INTERVENTION BIOLOGY CHAPTER 10

2.

Figure 2 shows left half of the human heart.

Figure 2
(a)

On Figure 2,
( i) complete the right half of the heart and label the drawn parts.
(ii) draw an arrow to show the flow of blood.

( 3 marks )

(b)( i) Which chamber is contracting?

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(ii)

Based on Figure 2, give two reasons to support the answer of (b)(i).

1. ____________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
( 3 marks )

(c)( i) State the difference between chambers labeled Y and Z.

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(ii)

Explain the importance of the difference in (c)(i).

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( 2 marks )

(d) )( i) Do the contractions of the cardiac muscle need to be stimulated by nerve impulses?
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(ii)

Explain your answer in (d)(i).

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______________________________________________________________________
( 2 marks )

INTERVENTION BIOLOGY CHAPTER 10

3.

Figure 3 shows the concentration of antibody in the blood of Individuals P and Q during
the treatment to acquire immunity.

(a)

Identify the type of immunisation given to each of them.

Individual P : __________________________________________________________
Individual Q : ___________________________________________________________
( 2 marks )

(b)

State the difference of the antibody concentration in the blood between Individual P and
Q. Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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( 2 marks )

(c)

State the advantages of the type of immunisation given to both individuals.

Individual P : __________________________________________________________
Individual Q : ___________________________________________________________
( 2 marks )

(d)

Apart from the natural defences provided by the phagocytes and the lymphocytes,
antibiotics and vaccination are used to combat infectious diseases.
Explain what is meant by :
( i) antibiotic

_______________________________________________________

(ii) vaccines

________________________________________________________
( 2 marks )

4. Table 2 shows the information of types of blood.

INTERVENTION BIOLOGY CHAPTER 10

Type of
blood

Cell P

Cell Q

Cell R

Cell S

Produces
Function

Carries oxygen

Defense

antibodies :

and carbon

mechanism

- Lysine

dioxide

Blood clotting

- Agglutinin
- Antitoxin
Table 2

(a)( i) Cell Q engulfs the pathogen entering the body by phagocytosis. Complete the diagram
below to show the mechanism of phagocytosis occurred in cell Q.
Pathogens

(ii) Cell R destroys the pathogens entering the body by the action of antibodies. State one
of the mechanisms used by antibodies to destroy pathogens.
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( 1 mark )
(b)( i) Explain how cell P functioning in the transportation of respiration gases.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
( 3 marks)
(ii) Based on Table 2, state two structural differences between Cell P and Cell Q.
1. ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
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( 2 marks )
(c)( i) Explain how Cell S functioning in the blood clotting.

INTERVENTION BIOLOGY CHAPTER 10

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( 2 marks )
(ii) Write down two enzymic reactions in the mechanism of blood clotting.
1.

2.

( 2 marks )