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Analog Electronics PDF
Analog Electronics PDF
Analog Electronics PDF
Analog Electronics
(Exp.2)
Evaluation Components:
9Test-I
-------
40 M
9Test-II
-------
40 M
9Tutorials -------
40 M
10 M
9Assignment II --------
10 M
30 M
30 M
9Comprehensive --------
100 M
INTRODUCTION:
Electronic System:
9This system measures unknown weights
9Indicates the weights by measuring the proportional dc
current in a permanent magnet moving coil (PMMC) meter.
Inverting Amplifier,
with Rin=
G1 extention R + R
VS
VS
Vo =
R
[ R R ]
2R
2R
G2 compression R R
Rth = ( R || R) + [( R + R) || ( R R)]
VS R
| Vo |=
2 R
V = S T
Where:
V :change in voltage
S : Seebeck coefficient
T :change in temperature
Piezoelectric sensors:
(Vacuum or Ambient)
sensor
or
silicon
micro
15psi
20mA
Voltmeter:
Case 1: Calculate the error in Measurement voltage across R2
by a voltmeter having internal resistance of 100K.
Let , V = 100 V ,
R 1 = 100 K & R 2 = 100 K
V 2 = 50 V
Voltmeter Reading :
50 K
100 = 33 .33V
150 K
50 V 33 .33 V
100 = 33 .34 %
% error =
50 V
Let , V = 100 V ,
R 1 = 100 K & R 2 = 100 K
V 2 = 50 V
Voltmeter Reading :
90 .90 K
100 = 47 .61V
190 .90 K
50 V 47 .61 V
% error =
100 = 4 .78 %
50 V
2
= v s dt
T 0
Vm
=
2
T
V S ( rms )
V S ( rms )
4V m
1
1
V (t ) =
sin 0 t + sin 3 0 t + sin 5 0 t + ...
3
5
Signal sources
Independent sources.
Dependent sources.
AV 0
V0
=
Vi
RL =
A is
I0
=
Ii
RL =0
Rm
V0
=
Ii
RL =
Gm
I0
=
Vi
RL =0
A v 0 v i = A is i i R o
v i = R i ii
A v 0 R i i i = A is i i R o
Av 0
Ro
= A is
Ri
Av 0 = G m R o
Av 0 V i = R m I i
Av 0 ( R i I i ) = R m I i
Av 0
Rm
=
Ri
9KVL
9KCL
9Thvenins Theorem
9Nortons Theorem
9Maximum Power
Transfer Theorem
9Superposition Theorem
9Millers Theorem
9Nodal analysis
9Mesh analysis
9BASIC DEVICES
9Diodes
Ideal Diodes
Practical diode
Zener diode
9BJT
9FET
JFET
MOSFET
MESFET
9OPAMP
9Types of Feedback
Foundrys Activities:
L-/Av vI L+/Av
v
vo = A1vm cos t + A2 (1 cos 2t )
2
vo = B1 cos t + Bo + B2 cos 2t
vo = Bo + B1 cos t + B2 cos 2t
D2 =
B2
D3 =
B3
B1
B1