Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Project Life Cycle
Project Life Cycle
Project Life Cycle
MANAGEMENT
Project Life cycle, Context and
Processes
Management
Project Management
Project
Management
General
knowledge
about
management
and
management
skills
Project subject
field
(knowledge and
skills)
CONSTRAINTS
CONSTRAINTS
(finance,
(finance,time,
time,authority,
authority,rights,
rights,
society,
society,environment)
environment)
INPUT
INPUT
Specific
Specificneeds
needs
PROJECT
PROJECT
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
Satisfaction
Satisfactionof
of
needs
needs
RESOURCES
RESOURCES
(people,
(people,machines
machinesand
andmachinery,
machinery,
materials,
materials,technology)
technology)
Leading
Communication
History
Present: Costs,
progression, quality
Information
Values
Certainty
Attitude
Conduct
Ways
Culture
Motivation
Talking
Power
Responsibility
Subordination
Organizing
Team making
Decision making
People
6
Scop
e
Cree
p
Poor P
lannin
g
Ineffe
ctive
Com
muni
catio
n
Ill-Sp
ecifie
d De
livera
ble
High
Turn
ov
er of
P
rojec
t
Team
Poor orship
s
Spon
g
itorin
n
o
M
t
Poor suremen
a
/ Me
l
ontro
C
e
hang
C
r
o
Po
kills
S
t
n
ie
uffic
s
n
I
te /
a
i
r
p
pro
t of lity
Inap
n
e
ignm ountabi
s
s
a
/acc
lear
Unc nsibility
o
re s p
10
11
12
13
15
Purpose
Tasks and
results
Works
Resources
16
Goals
Goal setting
Basic criterias
and constraints
Success criterias
Costs
Management
basic levers
Management
additional levers
Risk management
Time
Constraints
Quality
Resources
Contracts
Project goals
Technology
Organization
Interaction
Personnel
Risks analysis
17
Soft Skills
Work with people
Calendar planning
Budget drawing up
skills
Experts opinions
Technology,
methods,
rules
Risk analysis
methods
Skills,
intuition,
competence
Methodology and
templates
Relation management
(with customers,
stakeholders)
MS Project, Open
Plan, PlanView
Changing
management
Technology
using skils
18
Project environment
Project Sponsor
Project manager
Project team
Project Stakeholders
project
19
Project Stakeholders
Stakeholders are the people involved in or
affected by project activities
20
Project sponsor
Project Office/project advisory boards
Executive Management
Project requestor
Project manager and team
Internal Consultants
Legal
Audit
Telecommunications
IT infrastructure
Quality assurance
Human Resources Department
Customers
Vendors
Governmental agencies
Other regulatory bodies
21
22
1. phase
Initiation
2. phase
3. phase
4. phase
Planning
Execution
Closure
23
24
Definition
P h a se
Initiation
De finition
Planning
Imple me ntation
Closure
Planning
Implementation
Closure
P u r po se
Introduce proje ct to attain approval and cre ate proje ct
charte r.
Docume nt proje ct scope , de live rable s, and me thods for
containing scope .
Cre ate plan docume nting the activitie s re quire d to
comple te the proje ct, along with se que nce of activitie s,
re source s assigne d to the activitie s, and re sulting
sche dule and budge ts.
Exe cute and manage the plan, using artifacts cre ate d in
the planning phase .
Formally re vie w the proje ct, including le ssons le arne d and
turnove r of proje ct docume ntation.
25
Continuous Improvement
Lessons
Learned
Project
Initiation
Definition
Planning
Implementation
Closure
26
27
Project Initiation
is the first phase in the Project Life Cycle and essentially involves starting
up the project. You initiate a project by defining its purpose and scope,
the justification for initiating it and the solution to be implemented. You
will also need to recruit a suitably skilled project team, set up a Project
Office and perform an end of Phase Review. The Project Initiation
phase involves the following six key steps:
28
Project Planning
After defining the project and appointing the project team,
you're ready to enter the detailed Project Planning
phase. This involves creating a suite of planning
documents to help guide the team throughout the
project delivery. The Planning Phase involves
completing the following 10 key steps:
29
Project Execution
With a clear definition of the project and a
suite of detailed project plans, you are
now ready to enter the Execution phase
of the project.
This is the phase in which the
deliverables are physically built and
presented to the customer for
acceptance.
While each deliverable is being
constructed, a suite of management
processes are undertaken to monitor and
control the deliverables being output by
the project.
These processes include managing time,
cost, quality, change, risks, issues,
suppliers, customers and communication.
Once all the deliverables have been
produced and the customer has accepted
the final solution, the project is ready for
closure.
30
Project Closure
32
Project process
Input
Input
Ways
Ways and
and
means
means
Output
Output
33
Planning
Monitoring and
controlling
Executing
Closing
34
PMI Methodology
Project Management is accomplished through the use of the core
areas including: initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and
closing and represents over 44 processes. Each is interdependent to
the other and iterative in the project life cycle. The PM process
covers all phases within the life cycle of any project. A standard
project will typically have the following phases:
Initiate
Plan
Method/Approach Deliver
Schedule
Manage
Dependences
Resources
Cost
Project Charter
Sponsor
Requirements
Funding
SOW
Contract
Execute
Control
Close
Cost
Schedule
Resources
Cost
Schedule
Resources
Initiation (I)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Initiating_Process_Group_Processes.jpg
Initiation (II)
The initiation stage should include a plan that
encompasses the following areas:
Analyzing the business needs/requirements in
measurable goals
Reviewing of the current operations
Financial analysis of the costs and benefits
including a budget
Stakeholder analysis, including users, and support
personnel for the project
Project charter including costs, tasks, deliverables,
and schedule
37
38
39
40
Executing (I)
Executing consists of the processes used to
complete the work defined in the project
management plan to accomplish the project's
requirements. Execution process involves
coordinating people and resources, as well as
integrating and performing the activities of the
project in accordance with the project management
plan. The deliverables are produced as outputs
from the processes performed as defined in the
project management plan.
41
Executing (II)
42
43
44
46
Closing
Closing includes the formal acceptance of the project and the ending
thereof. Administrative activities include the archiving of the files and
documenting lessons learned.
This phase consists of:
Project close: Finalize all activities across all of the process groups
to formally close the project or a project phase
Contract closure: Complete and settle each contract (including the
resolution of any open items) and close each contract applicable to
the project or project phase
47
Dynamic of a Project
Organization
Budget Limits
Organization
Commitment
Quality Assurance
C
M onf
an igu
ag ra
em tio
en n
t
Budget Cycle
External Politics
Stakeho
lder
Manage
ment
Manage a Project
Initiate
Plan
Execute
Stages
Expectation
Setting
C
M om
an m
ag un
em i c a
e n ti on
t
Ris
k
Ma /Issue
nag
em
ent
Resource
Management
Control
Close
ge t
ed men
l
ow ge
Kn ana
M
Subc
o
Man ntractor
agem
ent
n ge
Cha gement
a
M an
Internal Politics
Obtaining the
Right Skill Sets
Capturing
Information
Solution
Functionality
48
Scope
Management
Initiation
Planning
Risk
Management
Time
Management
Monitoring
and
controlling
Communication
Management
Execution
Closing
HR Management
Cost
Management
Quality
Management
49
Time
Management
Cost
Management
Quality
Management
HR
Management
Communications
Risk
Management
Procurement
Management
Management
Integration
Management
50
51
Scope Management
Initiate the project
52
Scope Management
Initiate the project
Develop a charter
Formally recognize the existence of the project
Include the business need and product description,
constraints and assumptions
Approval to proceed
53
Charter links
http://web.mit.edu/pm/devcharter.html
http://www.ciodpi.gc.ca/emf/solutions/ProjectCharterGuide/Chart
erGuide e.html
http://csintranet.csd.sc.edu/smartstreampro/sschart
r.html
54
Charter links
http://www.pmi.org/standards/wbscharter.htm
http://www.virginia.edu/~iscat/PROJECT%20CHAR
TER.html
http://www.stanford.edu/group/AISproj/projectcharter.html
55
Scope Management
Plan and define the scope in detail
56
Scope Management
Plan and define the scope in detail
57
Scope Management
Verify the scope
58
Scope Tips
Be inclusive involve stakeholders
59
Scope Tips
Define project success and communicate it
Steering committee with authority and decision
making power
60
Time Management
Purpose: Create a realistic schedule with the team
Identify the activities (tasks)
Sequence activities
Consider dependencies
61
Time Management
Estimate durations (time)
Estimating formulae
100/6=16.6 = 17 min
63
MS Project HELP
Http://www.officeupdate.microsoft.com/welcome/pr
oject.asp
Http://support.microsoft.com/directory/
Http://www.woodyswatch.com
Http://www.msproject.com
64
65
Time Management
Control the schedule
Frequency
66
Cost Management
Plan resources (people, equipment, materials)
Time is money
67
Cost Management
Cost budgeting
Resource leveling
Cost baseline
Control costs
68
69
70
Quality Management
Plan for quality
71
Quality Management
Quality management plan
Quality Assurance
72
Quality Management
Quality control
73
Quality Tips
Start with a clear view of quality in mind
What is quality?
Implications for ALL knowledge areas
74
75
RACI Chart
Task
1
2
76
77
Communications Management
Develop the project communication plan
Stakeholder analysis
Technology
Distribute information
79
Communications Management
Report performance
Administrative closure
Knowledge management
Archives
Acceptance forms
Lessons learned
80
Posters
Team meetings
Project files
Milestone celebrations
PR initiatives
Newsletters
E-mail
Databases
Website
RACI
Kickoff meeting
Close out meeting
Lessons learned
sessions
Paraphrase & Validate
Drawings
Schedule update
81
82
Risk Management
Identify risks
83
Risk Management
Quantify risks
84
85
86
Risk Management
Develop risk response plan
87
Risk Management
Control risk responses
88
89
Procurement Management
Plan procurement needs (goods and services
external to the firm that you need to deliver the
product)
Solicitation
90
Procurement Management
Select and manage sources (vendors, partners)
Negotiations
Manage contracts
Close contracts
91
Procurement Tips
Develop charters with vendors and partners
92
Integration Management
Pulling all the knowledge areas together
As you go through the various project phases,
consider the links between knowledge areas
93