QATERLY 3 REVIEW- key

Chapter 12 Stoichiometry
6. a. 537g Fe
b. 93.1g Fe
7. 14.7g of Ba3(PO4)2; Limiting reactant- Ba(NO3)2; Excess left over- 9.5g Na3PO4; 83.7% yield

Chapter 13 Solids and Liquids

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

dipole-dipole, dispersion
dispersion
dispersion
H-bonds, dipole-dipole, dispersion
Solids- definite shape/volume, organized & close, vibrate around fixed point. Liquids- definite volume, shape of
container, unorganized yet close, move past each other.
6. network
7. metals
8. molecular
9. amorphous
10. ionic
11. strong IMF = low volatility, low vapor pressure, high bp
12. 28.0 g/mol

Chapter 14 Gases
13.
14.
15.
16.

1180 mmHg
180. kPa
493C
80. L

21.
22.
23.
26.

17.
18.
19.
20.

440.
43.6
7.94
93.2

L
g/mol
L
K

24.
25.
Chapter 15 Solutions

27.
28.
29. Unsaturated-dissolves, saturated-sinks to
bottom, supersaturated-excess crystallizes
30. temp solubility solids
31.
solubility gases
32.
pressure solubility gases
33. soluble
25. soluble
37.

34. insoluble
26. insoluble
27. a. 40 grams
c. CO2 downwards
35.
b. ~7 grams
28. 9.00 g
29. 4.2 mL
30. Molarity= mol solute/L of solution
36.
Molality = mol solute/kg of solvent
31. AlCl3
32. Fp = -4.76C, bp = 101.31C

38.EXTRA PRACTICE PROBLEMS key

What relationships can be determined from a balanced chemical equation?

39.
Mole to mole
2 Explain why mole ratios are central to stoichiometric calculations.
Since atoms and molecules have different masses, we need to compare moles to have the
correct number of particles.
40.
41. 3. How many grams of silver phosphate are produced?
3AgNO3 + Na3PO4 Ag3PO4 + 3NaNO3
42.

200.0g AgNO3 x 1 mole AgNO3 x

43.
164.3g Ag3PO4

1 mole Ag3PO4 x

418.58g Ag3PO4 =

44.

169.88g AgNO3
3 mole AgNO3
1 mole Ag3PO4
200.0g Na3PO4 x 1 mole Na3PO4 x 1 mole Ag3PO4 x 418.58g Ag3PO4 =
510.6g Ag3PO4
163.94g Na3PO4

1 mole Na3PO4

1 mole Ag3PO4

45.

4a. What volume of hydrogen at STP is produced from the reaction of 50.0 g of Mg and
75.0 g of HCl?
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
46.
50.0g Mg x 1 mole Mg x 1 mole H2 x 22.4L H2
24.31g Mg
75.0g HCl x 1 mole HCl x

47.
48.

36.46g HCl

1 mole Mg 1 mole H2
1 mole H2 x
2 mole HCl

22.4L H2

23.0 L H2

1 mole H2

so HCl is LR

b. How much excess reactant is left over?

75.0g HCl x 1 mole HCl x

49.

= 46.1 L H2

36.46g HCl

1 mole Mg x
2 mole HCl

24.31 Mg
1 mole Mg

25.0g Mg reacted
so 50.0g 25.0g=25.0g

50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.

61. 5. A balloon is filled with 3.0 L of helium at 1 atm. What is the volume when the
balloon rises to an altitude where the pressure is only 0.25 atm? (assume temperature
Premains
P2 V 2
1 V1 = constant.)
(1.0 atm)(3.0L)=(0.25 atm)
(X)
200.0g AgNO3 x 1 mole AgNO3 x 1 mole Ag3PO4 x
Ag3PO4

418.58g Ag3PO4 =

164.3g

62.
63.
64.

12L

65.

66. 6. The gas left in a used aerosol can is at a pressure of 1 atm at 27C. If this can is
thrown into a fire, what is the internal pressure of the gas when its temperature reaches
P1
=927C?
P2
1 atm
=
67.
= 4 atm
P2
T1 68.
T2
300K
69.
70.
71. 7. 5.2 L of a gas is at STP. Find the new volume when the temperature rises to 38C
and the pressure drops to 600 mmHg.
72.
P1V1 = P2V2
73.
T1
T2
74.
P1V1 T2 = P2V2 T1
Solve for the variable
75.
76.
V2 = P1V1 T2
solve
77.
P2T1
V2 = 7.5L
78.
79. 8. Pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature are __directly____
proportional. Which scientist said this? ___Boyle_________
80. 9. Volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure are ___ directly ______
proportional. Which scientist said this? _ Charles __________
81. 10. Volume and number of gas particles at constant pressure and temperature are ___
directly ______ proportional. Avagadro
82. 11. If two containers are at the same temperature and pressure and their volumes are
equal, they must contain the same _________# of particles____. Which scientist said
this? ________Avagadro______
83.
84. 12. Which travels faster CO2 or O2? How much faster? O2, it travels 1.17x faster
44.01g / mol
O2 travels1.17timesFasterThanCO2
32.00 g / mol
Gas A is faster so we know it is lighter. The lighter molar mass goes on the denominator so that
rate comparison is >1

85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91. 13. Gas A travels 4 times faster than Gas B. If the molar mass of Gas B is 80 g/mole,

find the molar mass of Gas A.

80 g / mol
4
Xg / mol
square both sides. 80/X=16

X=80/16

X=5 g/mol

14. a. 100C
92.
b. gas
93.
c. vaporization
94.
95. 15. Ethylen glycol
96.
97.
98. 16. At 1.0 atm , 0.75g of gas dissolves in 1L at 55 degrees. How much of the gas will
dissolve in 1L at
99. 4.0 atm at the same temperature? Who came up with this law?___Henry_______

100.

S1
=
P1

=
X

S2

0.75g/L

P2

1 atm

= 3g/L

17. What volume of 3.70 M solution can be prepared using 89.5 grams of
sulfuric acid?

101.

89.5 g H2SO4 x
moles

1 mole H2SO4
98 g H2SO4

3.70M =

102.
=0.246L

0.913moles H2SO4
X L solution

18. What mass of magnesium chloride is required to prepare 2.15 liters of 6.50
M solution?

103.

6.50M = X moles MgCl2

X = 14.0 moles MgCl2
104.
2.15 L solution
14.0mole x
95.31g MgCl2 = 1330g (SF)
105.
1 mole MgCl2

106.
107.
19. How would you prepare 2250. mL of a 3.250 M solution from a 16.00 M HNO3 stock solution?
108. M1V1 = M2V2
(16.00 M)(X mL) = (3.250 M)( 2250. mL) dilution!!!!!!!!!!!
109. Take 457.0mL of the stock solution (stronger) and add 1793 mL of water
110.
111.
20. If you mixed the following solutions, what would be the resulting molarity?
112.
525 mL of Molarity
2.1M HCl x Volume(L) =
113.
375 mL of moles
4.8 M HCl
(2.1M)(0.525L) = 1.1
moles HCl
(4.8M)(0.375L) =
1.8moles HCl

5.1 moles HCl (total) =

4.3M
1.195L (total)

114.
115.

295 mL of 7.6 M HCl

1195ml

116.
117.
118.
119.

21. Circle all solutes that an i factor of 1?

a. C6H12O6
b. CF4
c. NH4Cl (i=2)

d. NH3

22. Why is calcium chloride more effective as rock salt in the winter than sodium
chloride? (HINT: what is the i factor for each?) calcium chloride (CaCl2) has an i of
3. NaCl has an i of 2. Calcium chloride will lower the freezing point of water more.
120.
121.
122.