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Update on the recent works carried out by

the Latvian Scientifique Mission in the Step
Pyramid of Saqqara (Egypt)

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During its last campaign, the Latvian Scientific Mission, which has
already worked more than two years in the Step Pyramid of Saqqara
(Egypt) in the framework of its joint-venture with the Egyptian Supreme
Council of Antiquities and direct supervision from Dr. Zahi Hawass, has
successfully carried out some additional documentation works, very
important for the safeguarding and restoration of the oldest stone
monument in the world. Resources allocated to this program (15
scientists) represent the largest scientific team never mobilized
abroad in the History of this small but scientifically highly
advanced Baltic country.
These documentation
categories:

works

have

been

made

in

several

Cliccare sull'immagine per

l'ingrandimento

main

- Continuation of the very detailed 3D scanner and photogrammetry

documentation works for the remaining facades, and further into the
7km long underground galleries system. Up to date more than 320
million measurements perfectly geo-referenced have been collected, and
managed by GIS system. This huge database is available and used by
SCA specialists in order to properly implement specific restoration
interventions, and provide a monitoring of the regular collapses
happening in the pyramid.
- In this context, The Latvian scientific team has realized jointly with
SCA partners some Emergency shoring and consolidation works in
the 5th and 6th galleries belonging to the so-called royal family
galleries and located at the deepest level of the pyramid. These galleries
present some very serious structural pathologies and imminent risks of
collapsing. Therefore, restoration specialists knowledge and experience
have efficiently contributed to protect 2 alabaster sarcophaguses by use
of reversible new technologies, like for example polymer beams and
nets.
Based on this efficient solution, is currently discussed the best way to
shore and consolidate the very unstable vault located on top of the
central burial shaft.
- Detailed Architectural and structural investigations continuation.
Some risky detailed surveys completed by some Carbon 14 dating have
significantly increased the understanding level of the constructive
chronology of this monument dated back to 2660BC as well as through
the next historical main interventions, like the Saite or Roman ones.
- In order to accurately study the pyramid foundations shape, the
surrounding original ground level relief and the stratified structure of the
underground, has been carried out some Geophysical investigations
(Ground Penetrating Radar) . The obtained results have exceeded all
expectations.
First of all, very qualitative GPR signals have been collected up to
50m. It could be underlined that such quality of so deep signals has
been obtained by Latvian produced equipment and software. These GPR
investigations have also highlighted some underground cavities and
galleries. These new structural and geological data are very important
for a proper understanding of exact structural condition of the pyramid,
and will have to be seriously taken into consideration for its restoration.
It can be noticed that, as part of underground non-geological cavities,
appeared on the eastern faade some new descending corridors starting
from the dry moat and reaching the 1st, 3rd and 5th galleries. GPR
investigations have undoubtedly provided to Egyptologists an
interesting and surprising fact which will require from them further
studies.

Axonometry of the Netjerikhet

complex showing both 3D burial
systems.

Axonometry of the Netjerikhet

Pyramid

Updated East-West Section of the

Step Pyramid

Updated East-West Section of - 3D

scanner data overlapped wih GPR
signals - Latvian Scientific Mission in
Egypt: Geophysical survey and data
interpretation by G. Sichoff, SIA GIC
geophysicist; V. Seglins, University of
Latvia, professor, Dr. geol.; model
applied: GPR Zond 12C with
150-75-38 MHz antenna system

Riga (Latvia) September 17, 2007

Dr.arch. Bruno Deslandes
Head of the Latvian Scientific Mission in Egypt
Architect, UNESCO-UNDP expert for tangible heritage documentation
Architect-advisor to the French M.F.A.
"Baltais Vejs" offices complex; K. Ulmana gatve 119; Marupes pagasts
LV-2167; Latvia
Mob.: (+371) 28.343090
E-mail: brd@mailbox.riga.lv

Plan of the Netjerikhet complex

Articoli recentemente pubblicati in Egittologia [archivio]:

http://www.archaeogate.org/egittologia/article/677/1/update-on-the-recent-works-carried-out-by-the-latvian-s.html

2008-11-26 18:54

EGITTOLOGIA - Archaeogate, il portale italiano di Archeologia - Update on the recent works carried out by the Latvian Scientifique Miss...

Page 2

Progetto di Cooperazione Tecnica fra l'Italia e l'Egitto per la creazione di un Parco

Archeo-Naturalistico (Wady El Rayan e Medinet Madi), condotto dall'Universit di
Pisa.
Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Mission 2007-2008 - Kathryn A. Bard and Rodolfo Fattovich
et alii
Scoperta una piramide della VI dinastia a Saqqara, forse la tomba della regina
Sesheshet

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2008-11-26 18:54