Bibliographies

Primary

Amsler,Marty.UnionPacificRailroadMuseumNavajoCodeTalkersExhibit.
Wheelhouse.www.wheelhouse.com(accessedApril27,2015)

ThissourcecontainedsomegreatphotosofnewspapersabouttheNavajoCode
Talkers.Theyaredisplayedonseveralpagesthroughoutmywebsite.Theyhelp
showthereaderthattheNavajoCodeTalkerswerefamousbackintheirday.

Ashman.NavajoCodeTalkers:NavajoCodeTalkers57875.UnitedStatesMarine
CorpsHistoryDivision.www.mcu.usmc.mil(accessedJanuary7,2015)

ThiswebsitecontainedseveralpicturesoftheNavajoCodeTalkers.Someof
thoseinthesiteIusedinmywebsiteincludingapictureofPhillipJohnstonand
oftwoNavajoCodeTalkers

ASUNews.
ChildrensLiteratureSymposiumNov.9featuresstorytellerandwriter
JosephBruchac
.ASUNews.www.appstate.edu(accessedMay8,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureofJosephBruchacthatIusedinmy
website.TheimagedepictsBruchacinasuitattheLiteratureSymposium.Iused
thispicturetohelpshowwhoBruchacwasandtoshowwhathelookedlike.

Bruchac,Joseph.InterviewedbyCynthiaSmith.September5,2005.

Thisinterviewprovidedmewithinformationabouttheauthorthatwrotethenovel
CodeTalkersbasedontheNavajoCodeTalkers.Ifindthisinterviewgreat
becauseitprovidesaninsightatpeoplebeingactivelyinvolvedwithmakingthe
storyoftheNavajoCodeTalkersfamous.Ithinkitalsoprovidesgreat
informationaboutwhytheCodeTalkersaresofascinating.

Bruchac,Joseph.JosephBruchacQuotes.Goodreads.www.goodreads.com(accessed
April27,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithaquotebyJosephBruchac.JosephBruchacisthe
AuthorofCodeTalkers,astorybasedontheNavajoCodeTalkers.Iusedthis
quoteonTheStorypage.

BrummittEnergyAssociates.Government/Military.www.brummitt.com(accessedApril
30,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureofwhatCampPendletonlookslikenow
anditallowsmetohelpshowthehardshipstheNavajoCodeTalkersfaced.

Bush,George.PublicpapersofthePresidentoftheUnitedStates:GeorgeW.Bush.
Washington,DC:USGovernmentPrintingOffice,2001

Thissourceprovidedmewithpicturesandpublicpapersoftheaward
presentation.IlearnedthatPresidentGeorgeBushpresentedcongressional
medalsonJuly26atthewhitehouse.Icanalsousethepicturetohelpshowthe
legacy.

ChesterNez,thelastofAmericasNavajoCodeTalkers,diedonJune4thaged93.The
Economist.www.economist.com(accessedJanuary4,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithinformationaboutChesterNez.Ittalksabouthow
theNavajoCodeTalkerscametobe.Iwasabletousetheinformationinthe
storypage.IwasalsoabletotakeapicturefromitthatIusedinmytimeline.

Corbis.EndofWorldWarII.HistoryChannel.www.history.com(accessedMay7,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithpicturesoftheendofWorldWarII.Iusedonein
mytimelinetohelpshowtheexcitementovertheendofWorldWarII.

DiscoverNavajo.DiscoverNavajo.www.discovernavajo.com(accessedJanuary28,
2015)

Thissourceprovidedmewithapictureiusedinthegroupedpictureinthe
heading.Itdepictsagroupofveterannavajossaluting.

Escue,Lynn."Codedcontributions."HistoryToday41,no.7(July1991):1320.
AcademicSearchElite,EBSCOhost(accessedJanuary28,2015)


ThismagazinearticleprovidedmewithgoodimagesofthemediaoftheNavajo
CodeTalkers.Itisfeaturedonthethesispage.

FoxNewsPress.FoxNews.4MarinesKilledatCampPendletonweredoing
DangerousJob.www.foxnews.com(accessedApril30,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureoftheentrancetoCampPendleton.I
usedthispictureinmyinteractiveimageontheHardshipspage.

Gehrke,Robert.BushpayshomagetoWWIINavajoCodeTalkers.LJWorld.
www2.ljworld.com(accessedJanuary5,2015)

Thissourceprovidedmewithapicturethatwasofanawardceremony.Iwas
abletouseitinmylegacysection.

Kinsel,John.JohnKinsel:RealCodeTalkerInterview.NavajoCodeTalkers.
www.navajocodetalkers.org(accessedMay8,2015)

ThissourceprovidemewithaninterviewofJohnKinsel.Ithelpedmeseeinto
thelifeofaNavajoCodeTalkerandseetheirpointofview.WiththeinformationI
gatheredfromthissource,IaddedtothestoryoftheNavajoCodeTalkersonmy
websiteandthehardships.

Jevec,AdamandLeeAnnPotter
.
Maj.Gen.ClaytonB.Vogel'sRecommendation
Letter.NationalArchives.www.archives.gov(accessedApril4,2015)

ThisdocumentprovidesmewithaletterofwhytheNavajoCodewasimplanted
intotheMarineswrittenbyMajorGeneralClaytonB.Vogel.Thisletterhelps
showwhythecodewasneededasmuchasitwas.Theletterisdisplayedon
TheCodepage.Thisdocumentalsoprovidestheofficialletterstatingthe
enlistmentoftheNavajos.

Karr,Heather.NavajoCodeTalkersinWorldWarII.MyLifeMagazine.
www.mylifemagazine.com(accessedApril27,2015)


ThissourceprovidedmewithanimageofaradiousedbytheNavajoCode
Talkers.ItisdisplayedonTheStorypage.Ithelpsdepicttoviewershow
complicatedtheradioswerethattheyused.

Kelly,Cynthia.AtomicHeritageFoundation.WorldWarIIandNewMexico.
www.atomicheritage.com(accessedApril30,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureofarecruitmentcenterfortheAmerican
MilitaryduringWorldWarII.Iusedthisimageintheinteractivepictureonthe
Hardshipspage.

May,Michael.NavajoCodeTalkers.UCSanDiego.www.usdc.edu(accessedApril21,
2015)

ThisDocumentprovidesmewithaconfidentiallistoftheNavajoCodeuntilthe
yearof1968.Iusedittohelpshowhowthecodewaswrittendownandhow
muchofasecretitwas.ItisdisplayedonTheCodepage.

McClain,Casey.Caseymac1944.HaveWeForgottenOurHeroes.
www.caseymac1944.com(accessedApril30,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithanimageofaNavajoCodeTalkertakingaimata
target.IusedthispictureintheinteractivepictureontheHardshipspageunder
TheStory.

Murphy,Susan.Navy,MarinesTeamUpatCampPendletonforDisasterResponse
Training.KPBS.www.kpbs.org(accessedMay3,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureoftheentrancetoCampPendleton.Iused

itintheInteractivePictureontheHardshipspagetohelpshowthehardships.

NavajoTimesStaff.StateRoute264dedicatedasNavajoCodeTalkersHighway.
NavajoTimes.www.navajotimes.com(accessedApril27,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureofaNavajoCodeTalkerVeteransigning
amarkerofRoute264.ThishelpsshowhowtheNavajoCodeTalkersare
appreciatedtoday.Thispictureisdisplayedintheinteractivepicture.

Nez,Chester.CodeTalker:TheFirstandonlyMemoirbyoneoftheOriginalNavajo
CodeTalkersofWWII.NewYork:TheBerkleyPublishingGroup,2011.

Thisbookprovidesmeanautobiographyofoneofthecodetalkerslife.Itshows
theleadershipinvolvedintheusinganddevelopingofthecode.Thisdocument
providesmewithastoryofoneoftheFirst29.

Nez,Chester.InterviewedbyMeredithTibbetts.November15,2013

Thisinterviewprovidedmewiththestrugglesandhardshipsthecodetalkers
faced,andthetorturetheywouldgothroughofcaughtbytheJapanese.
MeredithsaidtheJapaneseknewwhattheAmericansweregoingtodonext
beforethecodewasintroduced.

Nez,Chester.InterviewedbyTimTow.October4,2012

ThisinterviewprovidedmewithlotsofinformationaboutChesterNezandletme
seeintohislife.IalsogotagreatviewfromaNavajoCodeTalkeraboutthe
movieWindTalkers.ImainlyusedthisinterviewtoshowthereaderintoaNavajo
CodeTalkersmind.ThisinterviewalsoprovidedmewithapictureofChester
duringhisinterviewthatIusedtoshowwhathelookedlike.

NorthernArizonaUniversity.DevelopmentoftheNavajoCodePart2.Colorado
PlateauDigitalArchives.archive.library.nau.edu(accessedApril4,2015)

ThisdocumentprovidesmewithanofficialletterwrittenbyPhilipJohnston.Itis

usedtohelpshowwhyandhowPhilipJohnstonchoosetheNavajoIndiansfor
hisplans.ItisdisplayedonTheCodepage.

Pearl,Mike.TheCreatorsProject.RewatchingWindTalkersIsaTerribleWayto
MemorializetheLastNavajoCodeTalker.www.vice.com(accessedApril30,
2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithadetailedstoryaboutwhattheMovie
WindTalkersisaboutandhowitrelatestotheactualstoryoftheNavajoCode
Talkers.Inhisarticle,Mikeexplainsthatwhatisshowninthemoviedoesnot
evencomeclosetoshowingwhattheNavajoCodeTalkersandisalsoalmost
seenasmockery.

Pope,John.NavajoCodeTalkersOutfoxedJapaneseinWWII.Nola.www.nola.com
(accessedMay11,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureofacodetalkerbythenameofKeith
Little.IusedthispictureontheHomepagetohelpshowwhattheNavajoCode
Talkerslookedlikeandtoaddmoretothepage.

Renzi,Rick.RickRenziQuotes.SuccessStories.www.successories.com(accessed
March28,2015)

ThiswebsiteprovidedmewithaquotefromRickRenzithattalksaboutthe
NavajoCodeTalkers.Itisfeaturedonthethesispage.

Sablan,Fred.WindowRock.RoadsideAmerica.www.roadsideamerica.com
(accessedJanuary28,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureIusedinthegroupedphotoonthe
heading.ItpicturesastatueofaNavajocodetalkeratWindowRock.

SampleoftheNavajoDictionary.NavalHistoricalCenter.www.history.navy.mil.
(accessedNovember21,2014)

Thispictureprovidedmewithapartofthecodeandhelpedmeprovide
informationaboutthecode.Italsotellsmewhatthelegacyisandthatlotsof
peoplewereinterestedinthecode.

TheLegendaryNavajoCodeTalkers.NativeVillage.www.nativevillage.org(accessed
January5,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithanimageandaquotethatIusedinmywebsite.

Townsend,Kenneth.NavajoPeople.www.navajopeople.org(accessedJanuary8,
2015)

Thiswebsiteprovidedmewithsixpicturesofthecodetalkersinvolvingthetime
theywereactive.WiththesepicturesimadeapowerpointinTheLeadership
page.Ialsousedonepictureinmyinteractivetimeline.

Secondary

AVCVideos.2013ChesterNezVideo.YouTube.www.youtube.com(accessedJanuary
5,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithavideothatIlearnedalotfrom.
FromitIlearnedthestoryofChesterNezandtheNavajoCodeTalkers.

Behtens,David.NavajoCodeTalkers.BorderlessNewsandViews.
www.borderlessnewsandviews.com(accessedApril24,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithapictureIusedintheInteractivepicturemadewith
thinklink.ItdepictsfourNavajoCodeTalkers,amonument,someofthecode,
andasceneinbattle.Iusedthispicturetohelpshowtheaudiencewhothe
NavajoCodeTalkerswere.

Bitsoi,Alastair.U.S.CodeTalkersDaySalutesaProudLegacy.NavajoTimes.
www.navajotimes.com(accessedJanuary5,2015)


ThiswebsiteprovidedmewithinformationabouttheNavajoCodeTalkerDay.I
learnedthatAugust14isnationalcodetalkerday,andAugust1419isnational
codetalkerweek.Ialsotookaquotefromthissource.

Escue,Lynn."Codedcontributions."HistoryToday41,no.7(July1991):1320.
AcademicSearchElite,EBSCOhost(accessedJanuary28,2015)

ThismagazinearticleprovidedmewithgoodimagesofthemediaoftheNavajo
CodeTalkers.Itisfeaturedonthehomepage.

Hom,Tom.CodeTalkersandWarriors:NativeAmericansandWorldWarII.NewYork:
InfobasePublishing,2007.

ThisbookdescribestheleadershipandtellsthestoryoftheinfamousCode
Talkers.Thebookalsodescribesthedevelopingandmakingofthecode.Ialso
learnedabouttherecruitingtobeaNavajoCodeTalkerandwhatstandardshad
tobemet.

ICTMNStaff.HonortheNativeWarriors:TodayisNationalNavajoCodeTalkersDay.
IndianCountryTodayMediaNetwork.www.indiantodaymedianetwork.com
(accessedNovember11,2014)

ThiswebsitepresentedmewiththelegacyoftheNavajoCodeTalkers.Ittaught
methatthereisanationaldaydedicatedtothemandthattheydeliveredmore
than800encryptedmessageswithouterroronthebeachesofIwoJima.Ialso
learnedthatthecodewasdeclassifiedin1968.
IMDBStaff.IMDB.WindTalkers.www.imdb.com(accessedApril30,2015)

Thissourceprovidedmewithapictureofamovieposterusedtoadvertisethe
WindTalkersmovie.IusedinmywebsitetohelpshowthelegacyoftheNavajoCode
Talkersandhowtheyarebeingremembered.

ITVS.TrueWhispers:TheStoryoftheNavajoCodeTalkers.ITVS.www.itvs.com.
(accessedMarch28,2015)

ThiswebsitecontainedapicturefromthemovieTrueWhispers.Init,twoold
Navajosarepicturedholdingaflag.Thispictureisplacedonthehomepageof
mywebsite.

MartinIQK.NavajoCodeTalkersofWWII.Timetoast.www.timetoast.com(accessed
April5,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithatimelineoftheNavajoCodeTalkers.Iusedthis
informationtohelpmebuildmyowntimeline.Itdescribesimportanteventsthe
NavajoCodeTalkerswentthrough.Italsohelpedmewithsomeofthedatesof
theevents.

McClain,Sally.NavajoWeapon:TheNavajoCodeTalkers.Tucson,Arizona:Books
BeyondBorderInc.,1994.

Thisbookgivespicturesduringcombatandgivesabrieftableofthecode.Italso
describestheleadershipandlegacy.AalsolearnedtheFirst29werepartof
the382ndplatoon.

MinnesotaHumanitiesCenter.WWIINavajoCodeTalkers.Youtube.www.youtube.com
(accessedJanuary28,2015)

ThisvideoprovidedmewithinformationabouttheNavajoCodeTalkers.Iused
thevideoonthehomepage.

MintNewsBlogStaff.NativeAmericanCodeTalkersBronzeMedals.MintNewsBlog.
www.mintnewsblog.com(accessedApril27,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithpictureofmedalpresentedtoNativeAmerican
Tribesfortheirserviceinwar.IusedapictureoftheNavajoCodeTalkersmedal
inTheStorypage.IthelpsshowtheimportanceoftheNavajoCodeTalkers
DuringWorldWarII.


NationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndian.CodeTalking.www.americanindian.si.edu
(accessedApril29,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewiththehardshipstheNavajoCodeTalkersfaced
duringWorldWarII.Italsoprovidedmewithmapsofwheretheyservedanda
paintingbyCooper.Iwasalsoabletouseatableofthecodetohelpshowwhat
thecodewas.

Navy&MarineCorpsWWIICommemorativeCommittee.NavajoCodeTalkers:World
WarIIFactSheet.NavalHistoryandHeritage.www.history.navy.mil(accessed
December12,2014.)

Thiswebsiteprovidedmewithdatesofwhenthecodetalkersservedandtold
metheratioofcodetalkerstonavajos.Itooklegacyfromthissiteanduseditto
helpmeinmyproject.

Reid,Betty.DeathofLastOriginalNavajoCodeTalkerendProudEra.USAToday.
www.usatoday.com(accessedOctober30,2014)

ThisarticleisaboutChesterNezsdeathonJune4,2014.Accordingtothe
articleChesterdiedofkidneyfailure.Afterthewarhislifewascelebratedin
parades,newspaperarticles,andbooks.

Shorty,Byron.Words.NavajoWOTD.www.navajowotd.com(accessedMay3,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithanaudiofileofthewordChahalheelbeingspoken
andseveralotherwords.InNavajothiswordmeansDarkness.Iplacedthese
audiofilesonTheCodepagetohelpshowhowthecodewasspokenandto
provideaninteractivefactortotheviewer.

Stage,Serkan.NavajoCodeTalkersWW2.Youtube.www.youtube.com(accessed
January29,2015)

Thisvideoprovidedmewithinformationaboutthecodetalkers.

ThinglinkStaff.Thinglink.Thinglink.www.thinglink.com(accessedApril24,2015)


ThiswebsitehelpedmemaketheInteractivePicturedisplayedonTheStory
page.Withit,Iaddedacentralpictureandthenaddedinteractivespotsthat
appearwhenyoumouseoverthem.

Warinner,Andrew.HowDidtheU.S.BreakJapaneseMilitaryCodesBeforetheBattle
ofMidway.Quora.www.slate.com(accessedMay4,2015)

ThisarticleprovidemewithadescriptionoftheJapaneseCodeduringWorld
WarII.IusedtheinformationpresentedinthissourceonTheStorypageunder
theparagraphFightBetweenCodes.Thisinformationhelpsshowtheotherside
ofthestoryandhowmuchmoreadvancedtheNavajoCodewasthanothers
beforeit.

Watkins,Thayer.TheNavajoCodeTalkers.SanJoseStateUniversity.www.sjsu.edu
(accessedJanuary5,2015)

ThissourceprovidedmewithabulletedlistofthereasonstheNavajoCodewas
uncrackable.Iwasabletouseitinmycodesection.

Watson,Bruce.NavajoCodeTalkers:afewgoodmen.WashingtonD.C.:Smithsonian,
1933

Thisarticlewaswrittenbyanexpertaboutthetopicandhetellsthelegacyofthe
Navajos.ItalsoprovidesstatisticsabouttheNavajosinWorldWarII.Ialso
learnedthatthecodewasdeclassifiedin1968.

Wepman,Dennis.PhilipJohnston.AmericanNationalBiographyOnline.www.anb.org
(accessedMay5,2015)

ThisbiographyprovidedmewithinformationaboutPhilipJohnstonduringWorld
WarIIandsomeofthecontroversieshefacedduetotheNavajoCode.This
informationhelpedmeshowthestorybehindPhilipJohnstonandwhathefaced
duringwar.

Wise,Zach.BeautifullyCraftedTimelinesthatareEasyandIntuitivetouse.Timeline
JS.www.timeline.knightlab.com(accessedMay7,2015)


ThissourceprovidedmewithanInteractiveTimelinetoolthatIusedtocreatea
timeline.ImadethetimelinebasedoneventsaboutWorldWarIIandtheNavajo
CodeTalkers.IplaceditinTheLeadershippagetohelpfillupsomeopenspace
andtomakewebsitemoreprofessional.

Wilson,WilliamR.CodeTalkers.AmericanHistory,January1997.

Thismagazinearticleprovidedmewithhowthecodetalkerspasseddowntheir
codeandleadershipshowninbattle.Ialsolearnedthattheyweretrainedat
campPendleton.Thissourcealsoprovidedmewiththeinformationthatthe
JapanesealsohadawelldevelopedcodeduringWWII.

Woodbury,Chuck.HowtheNavajoCodeTalkershelpedwinWorldWarII.OutWest.
www.outwestnewspaper.com.(accessedDecember1,2014)

ThiswebsiteprovidedmewiththeLegacyoftheNavajoCodeTalkers.Italso
taughtmehowtheycontributedtothewareffort.FromthisarticleItookstatistics
aboutthecodeandhowitwastransmitted.

WorldWarII:NavajoCodeTalkers.HistoryNet.www.history.net.com.(accessed
October16,2014)

Thiswebsiteprovidedmewiththelegacyofthecodetalkers.Italsotellsmehow
thecodecameaboutandhowconfidentialitwaswhentherewereJapanese
spiesinAmerica.