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SAT Utilities Lighting
SAT Utilities Lighting
Definition of Terms
1.---------Ratio of the flux absorbed by a medium to the incident6 flux.
2.---------General term for the process by which incident flux is dissipated.
3.---------Directional lighting to emphasize a particular object or draw attention to a
part
of the field or view.
4.---------Angular distance of the sun measured up from the horizon of the great circle
that passes perpendicular to the plane of the horizon through the sun and
through the zenith.
5.---------Angular distance between the vertical plane containing the sun and the plane
of
the meridian.
6.---------A single opaque or translucent element to shield a source from direct view at
certain angles or to absorb unwanted light.
7.---------Device used with electric discharge lamp to obtain the necessary circuit
conditions for starting the operating.
8.---------Popular term for ultraviolet energy near the visible spectrum.
9.---------The terms Brightness and Luminance are almost entirely interchangeable,
with
the latter being the newer term. (See Luminance).
10.--------The unit of Luminous intensity.
11.--------Luminous intensity expressed in candelas.
12.--------General lighting system in which the entire ceiling is, in effect, one large
luminaire, as in louvered ceiling and luminous ceilings.
13.--------Cavity formed by the ceiling, the plane of the luminaries, and the wall
surfaces
between this two planes.
14.--------Enclosure containing the ballast, starter, lamp holders, and wiring for a
fluorescent lamp.
15.---------Sky having less than 30% cloud cover.
16.---------Part of a building rising clear of the roofs and whose walls contains
windows
for lighting the interior.
17.---------Ratio of the luminous flux (lumens) from a luminaire received on the work
plane to the lumens emitted by the luminaires alone.
18.---------Ratio of the daylight illuminance of a horizontal plane from the whole of
an
obstructed sky of assumed or known luminance.
19.---------Electric discharge lamp of the glow discharge type.
20.---------Lighting by means of light sources shielded by a plane parallel to the wall
and
attached to the ceiling that distribute light over the wall.
21.---------Lighting by means of sources shielded by a ledge or horizontal recess that
distribute light over the ceiling and upper wall.
22.---------The angle, measured up from the nadir, between the vertical axis and the
first line of sight at which the bare source is not visible.
ACOUSTICS
1.---------- Is that branch of Physics pertaining to the phenomena and law of
sound including the study of regulating sound and its reflecting properties.
2.---------- Is a sensation felt by the brain resulting from the disturbance of
molecules in the air.
3----------- Is simply anything that we hear and is subjectively defined as
unpleasant and unwanted sound.
4.---------- Is a distinct, separate or delayed sound heard by an observer as a result
of reflection of sound coming of any smooth walls or surfaces.
5----------- Is the persistence of sound after the cause of sound has stop. It is the
rebounding or reflecting of sound waves.
6.----------- May be defined as the technology of designing spaces, structures and
mechanical systems to meet hearing needs.
7.----------- Is a physical wave in an elastic medium, usually air. Understanding the
characteristics of sounds is essential in designing for good acoustics.
8.----------- Is generated when an object vibrates, causing the adjacent air to move and
radiating out from the moving object.
9.-----------The number of times the cycle of compression and rarefaction of air occurs
in a given unit of time is described as the frequency of a sound. For example, if there
a 1000 cycles in the period of one second the frequency is 1000 cps ( 1000 Hertz- Hz
in the new standard nomenclature).
10.-----------The velocity of sound varies according to the medium transmission in a at
normal temperature and pressure, velocity is approximately 1100 feet per second.
11.-----------The wavelength of a sound may be defined as the distance between
similar points on successive waves or the distance the sound travels in one cycle
12.-----------Sound power measured in watts (w) is the amount of sound energy
produced by a source. Laymen commonly use the terms Intensity and Loudness
interchangeably.
13.-----------Sound in an enclosed space that radiates out from the source until it hits a
surface that reflects or absorb it.
14.-----------Occurs when sound hits a surface which is neither predominantly
absorptive or nor sound transparent at the specific frequency.
15.-----------Are sound waves which are heard separately and later than directly
transmitted sound.
16.-----------Is a series of reflected sound waves from a single initial sound.
17.-----------Is a persistence of sound after the cause of sound has stopped.
18.-----------Are reflected sounds that gathered in a central portion.
19.-----------The radius of curvature of ceiling surfaces shall be less than or more
than twice the perpendicular distance to the source of sound; the radius of curvature
for walls should be very small, as a cove corner, or more than twice the distance to the
source of sound.
20.-----------Is achieve by breaking the angle of reflection by convex surfaces of
varying sizes.
21.-----------Is the reflection of sound along a curved surface.
PLUMBING
33. The prescribe color coding of piping under refrigerating division of all pipes and
fittings:
a. white
b. yellow
c. gray
d. black
34. A type of coupling or joining device having internal screw threads or nuts with
opposite screws at the end. By turning the internal screws, it is possible to connect
two metal rods and regulate the length and tension of this rods:
a. vice grip
b. union patente
c. turnstile
d. turnbuckle
35. Film laboratories,