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  • "Design Thinking" Works?: or "Design Thinking Unpacked: An Evolutionary Algorithm" J. M. Korhonen & L. Hassi

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    This document discusses design thinking and how it relates to evolutionary algorithms. It argues that design thinking works best in "rough-correlated fitness landscapes" where small changes can have large effects on outcomes and large changes may have small effects. This describes most real-life problems as wicked and qualitative. Design thinking approaches, like evolutionary algorithms, are theoretically near-optimal strategies as they involve radical experimentation, incremental improvement, and rapid testing. Multidisciplinary teams exploring solutions centered around user needs through fast, iterative prototyping mimics this evolutionary process. Therefore, design thinking is well-suited for problems where the solution space is complex and interdependent.

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    Designconnexity2009presentationkorhonen 090522051251 Phpapp01 (1)

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    This document discusses design thinking and how it relates to evolutionary algorithms. It argues that design thinking works best in "rough-correlated fitness landscapes" where small changes can have large effects on outcomes and large changes may have small effects. This describes most real-life problems as wicked and qualitative. Design thinking approaches, like evolutionary algorithms, are theoretically near-optimal strategies as they involve radical experimentation, incremental improvement, and rapid testing. Multidisciplinary teams exploring solutions centered around user needs through fast, iterative prototyping mimics this evolutionary process. Therefore, design thinking is well-suited for problems where the solution space is complex and interdependent.

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    43 views58 pages

    "Design Thinking" Works?: or "Design Thinking Unpacked: An Evolutionary Algorithm" J. M. Korhonen & L. Hassi

    Uploaded by

    pokamoto
    This document discusses design thinking and how it relates to evolutionary algorithms. It argues that design thinking works best in "rough-correlated fitness landscapes" where small changes can have large effects on outcomes and large changes may have small effects. This describes most real-life problems as wicked and qualitative. Design thinking approaches, like evolutionary algorithms, are theoretically near-optimal strategies as they involve radical experimentation, incremental improvement, and rapid testing. Multidisciplinary teams exploring solutions centered around user needs through fast, iterative prototyping mimics this evolutionary process. Therefore, design thinking is well-suited for problems where the solution space is complex and interdependent.

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    of 58

    Why design

    thinking works?

    Or
    Design Thinking Unpacked: An
    Evolutionary Algorithm
    J. M. Korhonen & L. Hassi

    in this presentation
    - why design thinking works
    - when does it work
    - what does it mean in practice

    Design thinking-like approach


    in practice is defined here as:
    - multidisciplinary teams
    - human-centred exploration
    - fast and iterative prototyping
    (process perspective; Jahnke 2009)

    what designers do

    Design is defined here as a


    knowledge-generating activity

    Product development =

    Product development =
    search for best possible designs

    Imagine an (almost) infinite


    library of all designs...

    (cf. The Library of Babel by Jorge


    Luis Borges)

    Trinity College, Dublin

    If we visualize whats in the


    library:
    (mobile phones section)

    Differences in design

    Differences in design

    Differences in design

    Differences in design

    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Differences in design

    EXAMPLE CASE: Jannes choice, 2004


    Utility (fitness for purpose)
    Differences in design

    EXAMPLE CASE: Jannes choice, 2004


    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Differences in design

    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Differences in design

    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Differences in design

    FITNESS LANDSCAPE
    Utility (fitness for purpose)
    Differences in design

    PERFECTLY ORDERED (NON-RANDOM)


    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Problem type: Defined, quantitative


    Differences in design

    ROUGH-CORRELATED (REAL LIFE)


    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Problem type: Wicked, qualitative


    Differences in design

    What does rough-correlated


    fitness landscape mean in
    practice?

    Usually, small changes have


    small effects on fitness for
    purpose...

    Mirra Chair (c) Herman Miller

    But sometimes, small changes


    can have large effects on
    fitness...

    Mirra Chair (c) Herman Miller

    Mirra Chair (c) Herman Miller

    ?? ?

    Mirra Chair (c) Herman Miller

    [x] Metric
    [x] Imperial

    On the other hand, some large


    changes may have only small
    effects on the fitness for
    purpose...

    Mirra Chair (c) Herman Miller, Office Chair (c) vcf.com

    ROUGH-CORRELATED (REAL LIFE)


    Utility (fitness for purpose)
    Differences in design

    How to reach the highest


    possible peaks?

    The optimum strategy for getting


    to the top in rough-correlated
    landscapes:
    evolutionary algorithms

    Informal definition:
    Algorithm is a process that
    performs some sequence of
    operations

    EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM
    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    Differences in design

    EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM
    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    X
    X

    Differences in design

    EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHM
    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    X
    X

    Differences in design

    evolutionary algorithm =
    - radical experimentation
    - incremental improvement
    - test, eliminate, retain

    evolutionary algorithm =
    - diversity of ideas
    - iterative prototyping
    - rapid real-life testing

    evolutionary algorithm...?
    - multidisciplinary teams
    - human-centred exploration
    - fast and iterative prototyping
    evolutionary algorithm...?

    Evolutionary algorithm

    Design thinking

    Radical experimentation (lots of ideas)

    Multidisciplinary teams

    Incremental
    improvement

    Human-centred
    exploration

    Test, eliminate, retain

    Fast and iterative


    prototyping

    Some implications:
    - Explaining design thinking
    - When to use design thinking
    (- NPD process modeling)
    (- Technology S-curves)

    Provisional theoretical
    explanation: why design
    thinking works

    Provisional theoretical
    explanation: why design
    thinking works
    (and where it works best)

    In short, design thinking-like


    approaches may be
    theoretically near-optimum
    strategies when the fitness
    landscape is rough-correlated

    In short, design thinking-like


    approaches may be
    theoretically near-optimum
    strategies when the fitness
    landscape is rough-correlated
    (that is, in most cases)

    Could we estimate the proper


    exploratory/exploitative
    (inductive/deductive) mix in
    actual projects?

    Could we estimate the proper


    exploratory/exploitative
    (inductive/deductive) mix in
    actual projects?
    Could this affect resource
    planning?

    When to use design thinking

    PERFECTLY ORDERED (NON-RANDOM)


    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    NOT GOOD
    Problem type: Defined, quantitative
    Differences in design

    ROUGH-CORRELATED (REAL LIFE)


    Utility (fitness for purpose)

    GOOD
    Problem type: Wicked, qualitative
    Differences in design

    HOWEVER, when zooming in


    by defining the problem better,
    qualitative can become quantitative

    Problem type: Defined, quantitative

    Well-defined problems are best


    solved through formal,
    analytical approaches

    ...of course, getting to welldefined is the trick: engineers


    are really good at finding
    answers, but how to ask the
    questions?

    FI(n)NISH

    janne.korhonen@seos.fi
    lotta.hassi@tkk.fi
    www.seos.fi
    www.aaltodesignfactory.fi

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