MIRANTI NURUL HUDA

MENINGKATKAN
ITB - Magister Desain
KESELAMATAN PENGGUNA
OBAT BEBAS DI INDONESIA

Essay Penelitian Tesis

People live in a world in which they are surrounded by designed artifact and
services, product that were created by (other) people to serve some purpose: to
get from one places to another; to clean the house; to cook; to feed and protect
oneself; to contact someone; to have fun; to retrieve information; and so on. As a
result, we have cars and bicycles, tissue and vacuum cleaners, shopping mall
and living rooms, mobile phones and weblogs, computer games and festivals,
archive systems and SMS messaging, and to use these product we need to
interact with them. Notwithstanding the fact that the way in which people
interact with product is clearly product-dependent, they always use their sense
to perceive it, they use their motor system and their knowledge to operate or
communicate with it, and during the interaction they process the information
they perceive, they may experience one or more emotions, they are likely to
form an affective evaluation of the product. Thus, although the interaction may
be product-specific, the process that are activated during the interaction are
similar over product. As a consequence, it should be possible to develop an
overall theoretical framework that guides the study of how people experience
products.
We define the field of product experience as the research area that develops
and understanding of peoples subjective experiences that result from interacting
with products.
When looking around the world, humans have to figure out what it is they see,
what the shape of things are, what kind of materials they made of, and what
their potential uses or dangers are. In addition of meaning, aesthetics value or
affordance, the visual system also extracts some more fundamental object
properties.
The NPSA report guidelines are concerned with clear communication - not
styling, positioning or branding. '[It is] necessary that the packaging of
medications prioritises patient issues - for example, legibility and 'openability' above industry concerns, such as brand presence, especially where patient
safety might be compromised. It is estimated that around a third of medication
errors occur due to confusion triggered by product packaging and labelling. Such
mistakes can be harmful to patients, but also costly to the health service and
potentially time-consuming for pharmacists.
Clarity and consistency in pack design can help reduce patient errors and
minimise selection mistakes by pharmacists. According to NPSA head of design
and human factors Colum Lowe, there are 'certainly different qualities of pack
design out there' and he will use the agency's report to open a dialogue with
manufacturers in an attempt to raise their standards of design.
'Pharmacists don't think in terms of brands, they think of formulations.
Consumers don't think of formulations, but of brands,' says Chitteneden. 'But
consumers' design needs, in terms of branding, have been neglected slightly by
the authorities, which are looking out for patient safety.'
One such move to safeguard patient safety - and reduce the workload of
pharmacists - is the call to introduce original pack dispensing, where all medicine
is given to the patient in its original packaging, using designs procured by the
manufacturer. According to the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, an estimated 45

per cent of medicines in the UK are repackaged from bulk supplies by

pharmacists, with usage and product information often lost in the process.
Our sense of vision allows us to perceive the world in images, motion, and color.
We use information from the visual sense in order to move around and interact
with objects and environments. The effective design of any product or
environment should take into account the range of human visual abilities.
Designing for reduced visual acuity involves considering the type size, weight,
and font style of text (Arditi, 2006). The ability to perceive details also depends
on the ambient illumination and the contrast between the foreground and
background. Visual acuity is important for task such as: Seeing and reading text
in print material and on products (for example, product manuals and product
controls); seeing and identifying graphical symbols in print material and on
products; reading signage on the roads and in public spaces; and recognizing
faces at various distance. Particular problems can arise when there is a
requirement to change the viewing distance as part of an activity, since the
ability of the eye to accommodate such change reduces with age (Vassilief &
Dain, 1986)