Lusitania Baetica

Map 26 Lusitania-Baetica
Compiled by R.C. Knapp and F.H. Stanley, Jr. (Portugal), 1996

Introduction
Portugal
The works of Tovar (1974; 1976; 1989) and, above all, Alarco (1988) are indispensable for the mapping of
ancient Portugal. Alarco catalogs some 3,000 known sites of all types, including Greek, pre-Roman and Roman
remains. Because of the large number, it is of course impossible to mark all of them here, and his study should be
consulted for additional information about villas, mines, roads, bridges and settlements. The map does, however,
include all the more important settlements, and as many road stations as can be located (Roldn Hervs 1975; Mantas
Soares 1990).
The physical configuration of Portugal has changed since antiquity, particularly with regard to silting of river
mouths and slight changes in river courses. Less certain is the extent of topographical changes along the coasts;
probably these are not significant enough to show at the scale adopted here. During the past century several large
reservoirs have been built in central and southern Portugal, so that it has been necessary to restore the courses of the
rivers affected.
It seems clear that the principal routes are those which receive double attestation, both through the
archaeological record, and in ancient itineraries and other literary sources. By contrast, many, if not most, secondary
routes may be identified only from very small surviving stretches of road, or from bridges. Reliance upon the latter
as testimony for an ancient road offers special problems insofar as the dates for some are not clearly established.
However, those roads represented here as approximate are marked thus only because their exact course has yet to be
established; their dating is not in question.
Gorges (1979) provides extensive material on villas. Quintela (1986) offers information about the spread of
Roman dams and aqueducts throughout the region south of the R. Tagus; this can further assist in locating villas.
Although there was no doubt centuriation, the evidence for it remains difficult to ascertain, and none is marked.
Spain
Much material for mapping south-west Iberia is at hand. The compilation of ancient sources and modern
hypotheses in Iberische Landeskunde (Schulten 1955; Tovar 1974; 1976; 1989) and in TIR Emerita provides a
generally sound basis for further work. For Andaluca, the magisterial study by Sillires (1990) offers solid opinions
on a wide variety of geographical topics. The revised edition of CIL II has begun to appear; it provides up-to-date
information on the mass of inscriptional evidence relevant to geographical questions.
The physical environment has altered since antiquity.
The coast has undergone little movement
(Flemming 1969), except where the silting of certain river mouths has produced extensive change. An attempt has
been made to reflect such change on the map in the bay of Cdiz (ancient Gades) (Escacena Carrasco 1986), the
mouth of the R. Guadalquivir (Baetis), and the bay of Huelva (Onoba) (Caro Bellido 1989); for disputes concerning
the area around Gades, see the judicious discussion by Sillires (1990). In the interior, many reservoirs have been
constructed in the last 125 years; the ancient course of the rivers affected has been restored to the extent possible.
Although Greek goods were traded extensively in the south-west and Greek cultural influence was significant
(Rouillard 1991), there were no Greek settlements. The Iron Age Iberian civilization which the Greeks found is well
attested in the archaeology of the area; major indigenous sites have been marked, especially if they continued to be
inhabited into the periods of more intense interaction with Greeks or Romans. No attempt has been made, however,
to mark all native sites known archaeologically.
416
MAP 26 LUSITANIA-BAETICA
For the Roman period, after 206 B.C., archaeology provides material at an ever increasing rate. Thus the
location of attested Roman settlements and road stations represents the main focus of the map. Even so, all the
archaeologically attested settlement cannot be shown at this scale; more comes to light every year, increasing the
impression of a densely populated region. Nonetheless the general pattern remains fairly constant, and the discovery
of further places to which an attested ancient name can be attached with certainty is unusual. In order not to
overburden the map, a representative selection has been made: the emphasis is on town settlements, accompanied by
only a few of the hundreds of rural habitations which existed in the area by the first two centuries A.D. (for villas, see
Gorges 1979; Fernndez Castro 1982; much work has also been done since). The same limitation applies to mines
and mining areas; these were extensive in the region, but again only a representative selection is shown. Domergue
(1987; 1990) provides full information.
Roman alteration of the landscape through road- and bridge-building, as well as centuriation, leaves many
marks. Sillires (1990) is fundamental for roads and bridges; Corzo Snchez (1992) must be used with caution for
Andaluca. Roldn Hervs (1975) provides information on areas further north, but lacks detail and good maps; it
should be supplemented with Fernndez Corrales (1987). TIR Emerita is essential for bridges and aqueducts.
Fernndez Casados works (1972; 1980) are unpaginated and need to be used judiciously; much of his material also
appears in Gazzola (1968). The identification of Roman bridges remains problematic; those marked are in general
thought likely to be of Roman origin, but many others have been proposed at one time or another. Roads are marked
as approximate unless long stretches are attested archaeologically or through milestones. Roads shown as major are
those attested by ancient itineraries; all others are shown as minor, even though there must have been considerable
variation in their importance. Disagreement about routes, especially minor ones, remains strong; the one marked
along the left bank of the R. Baetis between Corduba and Hispalis is particularly controversial. Although
centuriation has been sought in every nook and cranny (note Corzo Sanchez 1992), still only two areas, around
Mrida (Emerita Augusta) (Gorges 1982) and Urso (Osuna), have solid evidence in support, the former on the
ground, the latter from inscriptional evidence. Despite the strong likelihood that much land was divided thus,
convincing evidence from specific locations remains hard to detect (Haley 1996).
Directory
All place names are in Spain unless otherwise noted
Abbreviations
THA
TIR Caesaraugusta
TIR Emerita
J. Mangas and D. Plcido (eds.), Testimonia Hispaniae Antiqua I: Avieno, Ora maritima:
descriptio orbis terrae phaenomena, Madrid, 1994
Tabula Imperii Romani K-30, Madrid: Caesaraugusta, Clunia, Madrid, 1993
Tabula Imperii Romani J-29, Lisboa: Emerita-Scallabis-Pax Iulia-Gades, Madrid, 1995
Names
Grid
Name
Period
Modern Name / Location
Reference
C2
Abelterium
RL
Alarco 1988 II.3, 150; TIR Emerita 23
B4
Abicada
RL
probably Alter do Cho

POR
2 miles from Portimo
POR
E5
F4
F4
Abona = A(qua)bona
Acinippo
Ad Aras
Ad Decumum
HR
RL
HRL
Tovar 1974, 153-54

Sillires 1990, 312
Sillires 1990, 312
D5
Ad Herculem
RL
Ronda la Vieja
La Carlota
between Villafranca and
Crdoba, right bank of
R. Guadalquivir
Novo Sancti Petri
(Chiclana de la
Frontera)
Gorges 1979, 481-82; TIR Emerita 23
TIR Emerita 24
417
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
D5
Ad Pontem
RL
Sillires 1990, 314
D5
Ad Portum/
Gaditanus Portus
Menestheos Limen?
Ad Rubras
RL/
HRL
HRL
RL
RL?
RL
CHRL
D4
E5
Ad Septem Aras
Ad Sorores
Adrus fl.
Aeminium
Aesuris = (B)Aesuris
Aipora/
Ebora
Alajar
Albus Portus
Puente de Suazo (contra

TIR Emerita 24)
Puerto de S. Mara (contra
TIR Emerita 24, 107,
130)
Aljaraque? (contra TIR
Emerita 24-25)
Degolados? POR
Casas de Don Antonio
Ribeira Degebe POR
POR
C2
D2
D3
F4
D4
D3
C1
B2
Alcains
Alcntara
La Alconera
Alhonoz
Almadn de la Plata
Almendralejo
Alpedrinha
Alto do Castelo
H?R
RL
R
ACH
R
R
A3
Alto do Cidreira
C4
C2
Amendoal
Ammaia
Municipium
Ammaiense
Anas fl.
Samus? fl.
Anatolikon Stoma
RL?
R
CHR/
CHR/
HR
RL
B2
Aphrodisias/
Erythea/
Iunonis Ins.
A(qua)bona
Equabona
Arandis/
Aranni
Arcos de la Frontera
Aritium
Aritium oppidum vetus
Aritium Praetorium
B2
C4
B4
B2
Arnal
Aroeira
Arregata
Arrepiado
RL
R?L
R
R?
F3
CHR
E3
Arroyo del Alamo

Arsa = Erisane
Artigi
HRL
C4
Arucci
RL
E5
E4
Arunda
Arva
R
R
D4
C2
D2
C3
B1
D5
C3
D4
D5
A3
B4
E5
C2
ACHRL/
HRL
R
RL
ACHRL
L
L
CHRL
RL?
R
RL
Cortijo de Evora (Sanlcar

de Barrameda)
Torre de S. Garca near
Algeciras
N Castelo Branco POR
POR
Alpiara, near Santarm
POR
Alcabideche, near Cascais
POR
in surburbs of Faro POR
near Aramenha POR
Tovar 1974, 50; Sillires 1990, 313

Sillires 1990, 337
TIR Emerita 25
TIR Emerita 25
Schulten 1955, 340
See Map 24
TIR Emerita 26, 76
Gonzlez Fernndez 1989, 62
Tovar 1974, 69; Sillires 1990, 358-59
TIR Emerita 27
TIR Emerita 27
Escacena Carrasco 1985, 275, 279
Canto 1977, 175-77
A. Caballos
See Map 24
TIR Emerita 30
TIR Emerita 30
Gorges 1979, 480; Alarco 1988 II.3, 209
TIR Emerita 31
Guadiana POR / SPN
TIR Emerita 31-32
E mouth of R.
Guadalquivir
N Cdiz peninsula
TIR Emerita 42
possibly Barreiro POR
near Ourique? POR
Casal da Vrzea; 9 miles

E Abrantes POR
possibly Tamazim, near
Bemposta POR
near Maceira POR
near Alcoutim POR
near Aljezur POR
Pinheiro Grande near
Santarm POR
Schulten 1955, 263; TIR Emerita 32, 77-78
Sillires 1990, 438

Alarco 1988 II.3, 146-47; TIR Emerita 34
TIR Emerita 34, 150
Gorges 1979, 460
Alarco 1988 II.3, 204
TIR Emerita 34-35
TIR Emerita 35
Domergue 1987, 177-78
Castuera? (contra Sillires

1990, 460)
Cortijo de Fuente Seca
(Aroche) (contra
Sillires 1990, 444)
Ronda
El Castillejo (Alcolea del
Ro)
CIL 2.2.7, 216

TIR Emerita 35
Tovar 1974, 154
Tovar 1974, 159-60
418
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
E5
Asido
Asido Caesarina
Asta = (H)Asta
Astigi/
Col. Augusta Firma
Ategua
Atlanticus Oceanus
Augusta Firma = Astigi
Augusta Gaditana =
Gadeira
Augustobriga
Axati
HRL
Medina Sidonia
Tovar 1974, 150-51
HRL
cija
Tovar 1974, 111-13
HRL
R
Talavera la Vieja?
Lora del Ro
Tovar 1976, 235-36

Tovar 1974, 158
Baedro
B(a)elo
Baldo
Bardo
Baelo fl.
Baesippo
R
RL
H
H
HR
RL
Hinojosa del Duque?

Bolonia
CIL 2.2.7, 186

Tovar 1974, 66-67
Tovar 1974, 66-67
Tovar 1974, 65-66; A. Caballos
(B)Aesuris/
Esuris
Baetis Aestuaria
RL
Ro del Valle
Castillo de Santiago
(Barbate)
Castro Marim POR
TIR Emerita 36
D3
Baetis/
Certis fl.
Perkes fl.
Baeturia Celtica
ACHRL/
HR
L
R
at mouth of R.
Guadalquivir
Guadalquivir
E3
Baeturia Turdulorum
C4
Balsa
Barbariana? = Barbesula
Barbarion Pr.
Cepresicum Iugum
Barbesula fl.
Barbesula/
Barbariana?
Bamaliana
Los Barros
Los Barruecos
Basilippo
RL
between R. Guadalquivir
and R. Guadiana
between R. Guadalquivir
and R. Guadiana
Tavira POR
CHRL
Cabo Espichel POR
TIR Emerita 42, 61
HR
RL/
RL
L
R
RL
RL
Guadiaro, E Gibraltar
Torre de Guadiaro (S.
Roque)
Schulten 1955, 322-23

Tovar 1974, 74
E4
F4
B5
E2
E4
E3
E5
E5
E5
C4
D5
E4
A3
E5
E5
D3
D2
E4
E5
E5
Bastouloi/
Poinoi
Blastophoinikes
Belleia? M.
E5
D3
F4
B4
F3
C4
D3
D2
E3
D2
See Map 27
See Map 1
HRL
Cortijo de Cincho?
(Arahal)
coastal Bastetani under
Punic influence
TIR Emerita 41
Schulten 1955, 324-35; NPauly

StByz
Tovar 1974, 33; TIR Emerita 41-42
TIR Emerita 42
Gorges 1979, 195; TIR Emerita 43

TIR Emerita 43
Tovar 1974, 124-55
Tovar 1974, 26
Silla del Papa, near

B(a)elo
Schulten 1955, 236; Tovar 1974, 67
Belo = B(a)elo
Besilus fl.
Bienvenida
La Bobadilla
Boca do Rio
El Borracho
Brancanes
R
HR
HR
RL
CHR
R
Barbate, near Belo
Schulten 1955, 323-24

TIR Emerita 44
Almagro-Gorbea 1987, 25
Domergue 1987, 37-38
Domergue 1990, 603; TIR Emerita 45
Brovales
Las Brujas
Brutobriga
Budua
RL
R
HR
RL
Budens POR
Almodvar, near Beja
POR
Villanueva de la Serena
near Ermita de Nuestra
Seora de Btoa, near
Badajoz
TIR Emerita 46
TIR Emerita 46
A. Caballos
TIR Emerita 47
419
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
E5
Burdoga
Barja (Arcos de la
Frontera)?
Tovar 1974, 85; 1976, 222; Chic

Garca 1979, 275-76
C2
E3
Cabea de Vaiamonte
Cabeza de Vaca
HR
HR
near Monforte POR
D5
Caepionis Monu.
Scipionis Monu.
Caesarobriga
Caetobriga
Cala
*Calanta
Calantica
Calantum
Calanatia
Callet
Callenses (Aeneanici)
Calpe = Carteia
Calpe M.
HR
L
Piedra Salmedina? near

Chipiona
ACHRL
ACHRL
R
Setbal POR
mining district
Santana do Campo, near
Arraiolos POR
Alarco 1988 II.3, 150-51

Almagro-Gorbea 1987, 26;
Sillires 1990, 465
TIR Emerita 48
Tovar 1974, 53-54
See Map 27
TIR Emerita 49
TIR Emerita 49
TIR Emerita 142
HR
HR
Cortijo de Moguerejo (El

Coronil)
Tovar 1974, 130, 146; TIR Emerita 50
CHRL
Rock of Gibraltar GIB
Tovar 1974, 72-73; Sillires 1990, 358;

EncBerb 20
TIR Emerita 51
See Map 27
Tovar 1974, 60, 160; Wiegels 1985, 25
F2
B3
D4
B3
E4
E5
D4
F4
E4
B3
E4
D4
C1
Campanario
Campillo Bajo
Canama
Canania
Caneiras do Roxo
Las Canteras
El Cauelo
Capela de S. gueda
D1
E5
Capera
Cappa
D4
E4
E5
El Carambolo
Carbula
Caris(s)a
Carissa Aurelia
Carmo
Carpetania
El Carrascal
Carrascona
Carruca
E4
E2
D3
E5
E4
E5
CHR
R
La Mesa (Alcolea del Ro)
RL?
RL
RL?
R?
near Odivelas POR
RL
Cerro Esperilla (Arcos de

la Frontera)? (contra
Chic Garca 1979, 276)
near Pvoa de Rio de

Moinhos POR
AC
HR
HR
Almodvar del Ro?

Cortijo de Carija (Bornos)
ACHRL
Carmona
R
RL
HR
ACHRL/
HRL/
HR
F5
E4
Carteia/
Calpe/
Karpessos
Kalpia
Karp(e)ia
Cartima
Carula
B3
Casa Branca
B2
B2
F4
D3
C2
B4
Casal da Vrzea
Casal do Moucho
Casero de Riguelo
Caspiana
Castelo Branco
Castelo da Amendoeira
RL?
R?
RL?
R
R
RL?
CHR
Cortijo de Los Cosmes?

between cija and
Estepa (contra Sillires
1990, 428)
El Rocadillo, near S.
Roque
Cerro de Agua (La Puebla

de Cazalla)
near Santiago do Escoural
POR
near Abrantes POR
near Alenquer POR
Cerro de Las Pilas?
POR
near Castro Verde, Beja
POR
TIR Emerita 52
Gorges 1979, 359
Sillires 1990, 502
Alarco 1988 II.1, 73
See Map 24
Sillires 1990, 440
Escacena Carrasco 1985, 280-81
Tovar 1974, 98-99
Tovar 1974, 57
Escacena Carrasco 1985, 283, 285; NPauly
See Map 27
TIR Emerita 54
TIR Emerita 54
Caballos Rufino 1993
Tovar 1974, 70-72
See Map 27
Tovar 1974, 129-30;
Sillires 1990, 403, 407
Alarco 1988 II.2, 131
Alarco 1988 II.3, 146-47
Alarco 1988 II.2, 118
Sillires 1990, 409
Sillires 1990, 488
TIR Emerita 30-31
420
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
B4
Castelo da Chamin
TIR Emerita 62
C3
B4
Castelo da Lousa
Castelo da Messejana
HR
H?
C4
B4
Castelo das Juntas

Castelo de Garvo
HR
R
C2
D4
D3
D4
HR
RL
RL?
AL
D2
D2
F4
D3
D4
Castelo do Corregedor
Castilleja de la Cuesta
Los Castillejos
Los Castillejos de la
Sierra
Castillo del Puerto
Castra Caecilia
Castra Postumiana?
Castrejn de Capote
Caura
Castro Verde, near Beja

POR
Luz, near Mouro POR
Messejana, near Aljustrel
POR
Entradas POR
Garvo, near Ourique
POR
near Beir POR
CH
HR
D2
B3
Caurium
Caveira
HRL
ACHRL
E4
C2
D5
B4
Celti?/
Leptis?
Celtici
Ceret
Cerro da Vila
HRL/
HRL
HR
HR
RL
F3
E3
D5
E4
B4
Cerro de las Monas

Cerro de los Castillejos
Cerro de los Mrtires
Cerro del Pescador
Cerro do Monte Roso
CHR
ACHRL
RL
RL
R
B4
B4
E4
F3
Cerro do Rocio
Cerro dos Namorados
Cerro Macareo
Cerro Muriano
R
R
ACHRL
CHR
E5
E4
B4
F5
E5
D5
C3
F5
Certis fl. = Baetis fl.

Cetaria
Chorrillo
*Cibilis
Cibilitani
Cilniana
Cilpe/
*Lacilbula?
Cimbii?
La Cocosa
Coin
Col. Augusta Firma =
Astigi
Col. Augusta Gaditana =
Gadeira
Col. Genetiva Iulia = Urso
Col. Hasta Regia =
(H)Asta
Col. Norbensis Caesarina
= Norba
Col. Pacensis = Pax Iulia
Col. Patricia = Corduba
HR
HRL
RL
RL
ACHRL
RL
HR/
R
H
RL
R
1 mile N Cceres
El Cerro de S. Juan (Coria
del Ro)
Coria
near Melides POR
Cerro del Calvario
(Peaflor)
POR
Jrez de la Frontera
2 miles NW Quarteira
POR
S. Bartolomeu de
Messines POR
near Aljezur POR
Castro Verde, Beja POR
road station and mining
district
Getares (Algeciras)?
Cerro da Rocha Branca
POR
Las Bvedas (S. Pedro de
Alcntara)
Cortijo de Clavijo, near
Grazelema
Rota
TIR Emerita 101

TIR Emerita 108
TIR Emerita 96
TIR Emerita 85
Alarco 1988 II.3, 147
TIR Emerita 57
TIR Emerita 57 Castillejos 2, Los
TIR Emerita 57-58
TIR Emerita 58
TIR Emerita 58
See Map 27
TIR Emerita 53-54
TIR Emerita 59
TIR Emerita 59-60
Alarco 1988 II.3, 172;
Domergue 1990, 203, 216; TIR Emerita
59
Sillires 1990, 323-24; Gonzlez
Fernndez 1991, 139
TIR Emerita 60-61
Tovar 1974, 51-52; TIR Emerita 96
Gorges 1979, 482-83; Alarco 1988
II.3, 206-207; TIR Emerita 164
Sillires 1990, 378-79
Sillires 1990, 459
Gorges 1979, 381
TIR Emerita 112
TIR Emerita 135
TIR Emerita 115
Sillires 1990, 489
Domergue 1987, 116, 124-27;
Sillires 1990, 465
Tovar 1974, 69; Sillires 1990, 359
Gorges 1979, 387
Cibilitani
Tovar 1974, 74-75; Sillires 1990, 357
Tovar 1974, 60; TIR Emerita 63
Tovar 1974, 54
TIR Emerita 64
Canto 1977, 181
Grid
Name
Period
F4
Col. Romula = Hispalis

Colina de los Quemados
ACH
B2
Collippo
HR
E5/E6
B1
D5
Colobana = Conobaria
Columnae Herculis
Conimbriga
Conobaria/
Colobana
Contosolia
Contributa Iulia Ugultunia
S. Sebastio do Freixo,
near Azia POR
421
Reference
Knapp 1983, 4-6; Escacena
Carrasco 1985, 292-93
RL
HRL
Crdoba
Knapp 1983; CIL 2.2.7, 61-65; NPauly
D2
E4
E4
Convento de San
Francisco
Corduba/
Col. Patricia
Cornalvo
Cortijo de Casulillas
Cortijo de Fuentidueas
GIB / SPN
POR
Cerro de las Vacas
(Lebrija)
Magacela?
Los Cercos de La Dehesa
de Los Castillejos,
Medina de las Torres
Huerta de S. Barbata
R
RL
L
reservoir
E4
D4
F4
F5
Cortijo de la Cartuja
Cortijo del Aceitero
Cortijo del Alcaide
Cortijo del Tajo
RL
RL
RL
R
D3
B2
D5
RL
R
HR
D3
E3
D3
D3
D3
B4
C5
D5
Cortinal de los Baos

Cs
Cotinussa Ins.
Gaditana Ins.
Los Cuadriales
Las Cucharas
Cueva de la Lapa
Cueva del Agua
Cumbres Mayores
Cuneus Ager
Cuneus Pr.
Curense Litus
Schulten 1955, 380; TIR Emerita 69

Gorges 1979, 360
Gorges 1979, 374; Fernndez
Castro 1982, 124, 304
Gorges 1979, 389
Gorges 1979, 249
Atencia Pez 1987, 210;
cf. Tovar 1974, 182
TIR Emerita 70
Alarco 1988 II.2, 111
Schulten 1955, 264, 552; TIR Emerita 71
R
RL?
CHR
ACHR
R
RL?
CHRL
R
D3
Curiga
HRL
N Cuneus Pr. POR

Cabo de S. Mara POR
shore opposite Cdiz to
Chiclana coast
Covalca (Monesterio)
E4
Detumo
HR
near Posadas
Tovar 1974, 99; CIL 2.2.7, 168
C3
Ebora
Municipium Ebora
Liberalitas Iulia
Ebora = Aipora
Eburobrittium
Elvas
Emerita Augusta
Encinajero de los Frailes
de San Jernimo
Encinasola
Epagrum = Ipagrum
Erisane/
Arsa
Erythea Ins. = Aphrodisias
Ins.
Escdia Grande
Los Escoriales
Estremoz
Esuris = (B)Aesuris
RL
vora POR
Alarco 1988 II.3, 159-60; TIR Emerita

75-76
R
RL
RL
RL
bidos? POR
POR
Mrida

TIR Emerita 37-39
Gorges 1979, 251
E3
D3
D4
F4
A2
C3
D3
F4
D3
E5
B2
F3
C3
HRL/
R
R
RL
near Alcobaa POR

largest of Gades Iss.
mining district
ACHRL
See Map 28
See Map 24
TIR Emerita 66-67
CIL 2.2.7, 216, 220-21
Sillires 1990, 476; TIR Emerita 67
Gorges 1979, 377
TIR Emerita 72
Sillires 1990, 461
TIR Emerita 72
TIR Emerita 72-73
TIR Emerita 73
TIR Emerita 73
TIR Emerita 73-74
TIR Emerita 77
H/
HL
near Asido
Tovar 1974, 55, 183
R
CHR
RL?
near Alvares POR

mining district
POR
Alarco 1988 II.1, 72: Domergue 1990, 606

Domergue 1987, 98, 166, 169, 257
TIR Emerita 78
422
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
D3
Evandria(na)
RL
near Arroyo de S. Servn
TIR Emerita 72 Cubilana, 79
A3
Faio
TIR Emerita 79
B4
C4
Ferragudo
Fines
R
RL
D4
B2
Fodinae
Formigais
R
H?R?
A3
Foz de Colares
A3
Freiria
Terrungem, near Sintra

POR
POR
Villa Verde de Ficalho?
POR
Riotinto mines
near Vila Nova de Ourem
POR
sanctuary near Sintra
POR
S. Domingos de Rana,
near Cascais POR
E3
C4
Fuente de Apio
La Fuente Seca
RL
R
D5
ACHRL
D4
E5
E4
D5
Gadeira/
Gades/
Col. Augusta Gaditana
Urbs Iulia Gaditana
Gaditanum Fretum =
Herakleios Porthmos
Gaditanus Portus = Ad
Portum
Genetiva Iulia = Urso
Gerena
Gibalbn
Gibla
Glaukou? Akra
HR
RL?
CHR
HR?
C2
F3
C4
Granja
La Gran Mina
Guzmn
R
CHR
CHR
F5
RL
E5
E6
D4
Hacienda de Manguarra y
S. Jos
Hacienda del Ciprs
Hacienda del Real Tesoro
Hareni M.
(H)Asta/
Col. Hasta Regia/
Ligystine?
Haza de Habares
Haza de las Piedras
Haza de la Torre
Herakleion
Herakleios Porthmos/
Gaditanum Fretum
Tartessium Fretum
Europae Fretum
Hiberum Fretum
Hispanum Fretum
Heras? Ins.
Heras? Ins.
Herculis Ins.
HR
C3
C3
Herdade da Chamin
Herdade da Chamin
RL?
R
C3
Herdade da Fontes de
Frades
Herdade das Reprezas
RL
MOR
Saltes Is. at mouth of R.
Odiel
S vora POR
4 miles E Vila Fernando
(Elvas) POR
Baleizo, near Beja POR
6 miles W Beja POR
E4
E4
D4
D5
E4
D4
D5
D5
E6
C3
RL?
RL
R
ACHRL/
ACHRL/
A
RL
RL
RL
HR
CHRL
TIR Emerita 79
Alarco 1988 I, 135; TIR Emerita 79-80
Tovar 1974, 172-73
Alarco 1988 II.2, 104
TIR Emerita 81
Gorges 1979, 250
Cdiz
Salmedina peninsula near

R. Guadalquivir mouth
near Crato POR
mining district
Arenas Gordas
Cortijo el Rosario, Mesas
de Asta (Jrez de la
Frontera)
on Isla Sancti Petri

Straits of Gibraltar
Tovar 1974, 37-48; TIR Emerita 82-84
TIR Emerita 85
Sillires 1990, 437
Domergue 1987, 475-76
Schulten 1955, 236
Domergue 1987, 177
Domergue 1987, 125, 198-99, 212
Gorges 1979, 304; Fernndez
Castro 1982, 139-40, 304
Sillires 1990, 412
Gorges 1979, 367
TIR Emerita 86-87
Rouillard 1991, 723; TIR Emerita 87
Gorges 1979, 366
Gorges 1979, 381; TIR Emerita 87-88
TIR Emerita 88
Schulten 1955, 403
See Map 28
See Map 28
Schulten 1955, 221; Tovar 1974, 63-64
Alarco 1988 II.3, 161
423
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
C3
Herdade do Carro
Alarco 1988 II.3, 156
B3
RL
near Quintos POR

POR
Sevilla / Seville
D4
C3
C3
Herdade do Monte do
Outeiro
Herdade do Montinho
Herminius M.
Hispalis/
Col. Romula
La Horadada Piedra
Horta do Bispo
Horta do Vinagre
Villa Fernando, near Elvas

POR
near Odivelas POR

See Map 24
Tovar 1974, 140-43; Escacena
Carrasco 1985, 279-80
TIR Emerita 127
Alarco 1988 II.3, 161
Alarco 1988 II.3, 161
E4
E4
Huerta Alta
Huerta de Fabiana
RL
RL
E6
D4
E4
Ibericum Mare
Iberos/
Luxia fl.
Ierabriga
Lerabriga
*Igaeditania?
Egitania
Ilip(ou)la
Ilipa Magna
Ibylla
Ilipa Ilia
Ilipoula M.
Ilipula Minor
Ilipa
Iluro
Lauro?
Ipagrum/
Epagrum
Iporca
E5
Iptuci
HR
E5
E4
Irippo?/
Serippo?
Irni
HR/
HR
R
D4
D4
Italica
(I)Tucci
HRL
CHRL
C4
Iulia Ioza = Iulia Traducta

(Iulia) Myrtilis
HRL
Mrtola POR
RL/
R/
R
H?R
HR
Algeciras
E3
D5
Iulia Traducta/
Iulia Ioza/
Tingentera
Iulipa
Iunonis Ins.
D5
Iunonis Ins. =
Aphrodisias Ins.
Iunonis Pr.
C4
B1
E4
A2
C2
D4
E4
E5
E4
F5
F4
E5
E5
B3
D4
Kalath(ous)a/
Kaldouba
Kal(l)ipous fl.
Karpessos = Carteia
Kortikata
R
ACHRL
R
R
RL?
HR/
R
RL
L
HRL
L
CHRL
HRL
C
R
R
HR
HR
HRL/
L
R
near vora POR

near Viana do Alentejo
POR
Gorges 1979, 363

Gorges 1979, 395
Tinto
See Map 1
TIR Emerita 89, 102; cf. Sillires 1990, 448
possibly near Alenquer

POR
Idanha-a-Nova POR
Tovar 1976, 251; TIR Emerita 64, 90-91
Niebla
Alcal del Ro
TIR Emerita 91
Tovar 1974, 162-63
Sierra de Ronda
Cortijos de Repla, near
Los Corrales
Alora (Mlaga)
Schulten 1955, 192

Galsterer 1971, 66; Tovar 1974, 129
Cerro del Castillo (Aguilar

de la Frontera)?
Los Castillejos? near
Molinos de Amparo
Cabeza de Hortales (Prado
del Rey)
Puebla del Gastor, near
Coripe
Cerro del Castillejo
(El Saucejo)
Santiponce
Tejada la Nueva,
despoblado near
Escacena del Campo
TIR Emerita 90, 126
Galsterer 1971, 50 (n. 97);

Tovar 1974, 132-33
Tovar 1974, 121; Sillires 1990, 414
Tovar 1974, 180; Sillires 1990, 470
Caballos Rufino 1981; Sillires 1990, 509
Tovar 1974, 152-53
Sillires 1990, 425; Caballos
Rufino 1996, 243-52
TIR Emerita 91
TIR Emerita 93-95

114
Sillires 1990, 358-59
Zalamea de la Serena?
W Aipora, at mouth of
R. Baetis
CIL 2.2.7, 207

Schulten 1955, 236
HR
Cape Trafalgar
TIR Emerita 95
CH/
R
CHRL
Sierra de Aznar? E Arcos

de la Frontera
Sado POR
Tovar 1974, 73, 85
Cortegana
424
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
B4
Lac(c)obriga
HRL
TIR Emerita 96
E5
Lacca
E5
Lacca fl.
*Lacilbula? = Cilpe
Laci(ni)murga
Constantia Iulia
Lacipea
Lacippo
Lacunis
possibly Monte Milio,

near Lagos POR
Cortijos de Casablanca
and Casinas (Arcos de la
Frontera)
Guadalete
Cerro de Cogolludo?
(Navalvillar de Pela)
CIL 2.2.7, 188; TIR Emerita 96-97
E2
E2
E5
D3
D4
B4
D1
D1
E5
E5
D4
F4
Laelia
Caelia?
Lagos
Lama
Lancienses Oppidani
Lascuta
Lascutana Turris
Lastigi
R
RL?
HR
CHRL
ACHRL
R
RL
HR
H
HR
D4
Lauro/
*Olaurum
Leptis? = Celti?
Ligustinus L.
HR/
R
HR
D6
E3
Ligystine? = (H)Asta
Lixus
La Loba
CHR
D3
D5
D5
E4
E3
A2
E4
B1
Lobn
Loma de la Cartuja
Loma de la Via
Lomas del Castillo
Lomo de Perro
Londobris Ins.
Lora la Vieja
Luaron? Akron
RL
L
RL
HR
HR
CHRL
RL?
CHRL
E4
Lucurgentum
C2
Lusitani
Lux Dubia, T. =
Phosphoros, T.
Luxia fl. = Iberos fl.
D4
Maenuba
HR
D4
A3
B3
Maenuba fl.
Magnum Pr.
Malateca
E4
E4
F4
D4
B2
C2
C4
C1
Marianus M.
Maribaez
Marinaleda
*Marmorarius Pagus
Martim Gil
Matusarum
Las Mazmoras
Meimoa
RL
RL
RL?
R
R?L
RL
RL
Alechipe, near Casares

Cerro de Los Castillejos,
near Fuente de Cantos
Cerro de las Cabezas
(Albaida del Aljarafe)
POR
Plasencia?
near Alcal de los Gazules
Alcal de los Gazules?
Los Merineros?
(Aznalcllar)
Cerro de Hachillo, near
Lora de Estepa
Chic Garca 1979

Tovar 1974, 66
TIR Emerita 97
Tovar 1974, 61-62
Sillires 1990, 487; TIR Emerita 57, 97
TIR Emerita 97
Tovar 1974, 59
TIR Emerita 97-98
Tovar 1976, 234
See Map 24
Tovar 1974, 55; Corzo Snchez 1982, 73
Corzo Snchez 1982, 74
TIR Emerita 99
Tovar 1974, 126, 133; Caballos
Rufino 1996, 253-64
Las Marismas at mouth of

R. Guadalquivir
Schulten 1955, 377-78; TIR Emerita 99-100
MOR
See Map 28
Domergue 1987, 135-37 and maps 2, 4;
Stylow 1991, 17
TIR Emerita 100
TIR Emerita 55
Gorges 1979, 383
Sillires 1990, 407
Sillires 1990, 327
Schulten 1955, 241
Ilha Berlenga POR

possibly Cape Carvoeiro
POR
Morn de la Frontera
(contra Ponsich 1974,
268)
POR
Chillas? near
Villamanrique
Guadiamar
Cabo de Roca POR
perhaps Marateca, 12
miles NE Setbal POR
Almadn de la Plata
1 mile NW Leiria POR
near Arronches POR
POR
Tovar 1974, 152

See Map 24
Tovar 1974, 78-79, 167

TIR Emerita 103
TIR Emerita 103
See Map 27
Sillires 1990, 315
Sillires 1990, 507
TIR Emerita 105
TIR Emerita 107
See Map 24
425
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
E3
Mellaria
RL
Tovar 1974, 93; CIL 2.2.7, 181
E5
D5
Mellaria
Menestheus, T.
HRL
HR
D5
RL/
L
CHRL
Aljustrel POR
Domergue 1990, 602; TIR Emerita 165-66
E3
C4
Mercablum/
Merifabion
Merifabion = Mercablum
Metallum Vipascense
Vipasca
Metellinum
Milreu
Cerro de Masatrigo
(Fuente Obejuna)
Valdevaqueros (Tarifa)
at mouth of Baetis, on
Salmedina Is.
Ruinas de Patria (Conil de
la Frontera)
HR
RL
Medelln
POR
C3
Mina de Ruy Gomes
ACHR
near Moura POR
F3
E3
Las Minillas
Mirobriga
CHR
R
Tovar 1976, 231

Gorges 1979, 480; Alarco 1988
II.3, 207-208; TIR Emerita 108
Alarco 1988 II.3, 193;
Tovar 1974, 96; CIL 2.2.7, 193
B4
ACHRL
D2
C2
C4
Mirobriga
Mirobriga Celtica
Municipium Flavium
Mirobrigensium
Monsanto
Monte de S. Martinho
Monte do Manuel Galo
C3
Monte do Meio
RL
C3
E4
F4
C4
Monte do Outeiro
Montemoln
Montilla
Montinho das Laranjeiras
RL
ACH
R
R
C3
F4
E4
Moura
La Muela
Munda
CHRL
HR
CH
F4
Munda fl.
B1
E3
Munda fl.
Municipium Flavium
V(...)
Munigua
CHRL
R
B4
Murtinhal
Myrtilis = (Iulia) Myrtilis
CHRL
D5
E4
E3
D3
Nabrissa
Naeva
Navalespino
Nertobriga Concordia
Iulia
Nescania
ACHR
HR
CHR
HR
Norba/
Col. Norbensis Caesarina
Nossa Senhora d'Aires
RL
B4
E4
F5
D2
B3
B1
Nossa Senhora do
Desterro
Oba = O(no)ba
R?
H?R?
HR
HR
R?L
Cerro del Cabezo

(Capilla)
Santiago do Cacm POR
near Idanha-a-Velha POR

near Castelo Branco POR
S. Miguel de Pinheiro,
near Mrtola POR
POR
1 mile NE Cuba POR
near Alcoutim POR
POR
Cerro de las Camorras?
(Santaella)
Carchena, tributary of R.
Guadajoz
Mondego POR
Azuaga
Tovar 1974, 68
Tovar 1974, 50-51
TIR Emerita 66, 107-108

109-11
Gorges 1979, 460
TIR Emerita 104
Gorges 1979, 472; Alarco 1988 II.3, 194;
TIR Emerita 107
Sillires 1990, 407
A. Caballos
Gorges 1979, 479; Alarco 1988 II.3, 204;
TIR Emerita 112
TIR Emerita 113
Sillires 1990, 428
Tovar 1974, 117
Schulten 1955, 346
Tovar 1974, 93; CIL 2.2.7, 202
Dehesa de Mulva
(Villanueva del Ro y
Minas)
POR
Tovar 1974, 160-61
near Lebrija
Cantillana, near Seville
TIR Emerita 114-15

Tovar 1974, 143-44
Domergue 1987, 138-39
TIR Emerita 115
Valeria la Vieja, near

Fregenal de la Sierra
Cortijo de Escaa, near
Valle de Abdalags
Cceres
near Viana do Alentejo
POR
POR
TIR Emerita 114
Tovar 1974, 133

TIR Emerita 116
See Map 24
426
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
E4
Obulcula
HRL
Tovar 1974, 114
E5
Ocur(r)i
E4
Oducia
*Olaurum = Lauro
Olbensis Pagus?
La Monclova (Fuentes de
Andaluca)
Casas de S. Luca
(Ubrique)
Tocina
near Sanlcar de
Barrameda
in bay of Gades
Lisbon POR
D5
D5
A3
D4
E5
Oleastrum L.
Olisipo
Municipium Olisipo
Felicitas Iulia
Olontigi
O(no)ba
HR
H?R
E3
E4
Onoba = O(sso)noba
La Onza
Orippo
CHR
HRL
D4
F4
Osset
Iulia Constantia
Ossonoba
O(sso)noba
Onuba Aestuaria
Olbia?
Ostippo
C4
D4
Ostium fl. Anae

Ostur
C4
D4
D4
E4
D4
D4
B4
Pacensis = Pax Iulia

Paisoula
Pajares
Palma del Condado
Palomares del Ro
Patricia = Corduba
Patulus Portus
HR
ACHRL
TIR Emerita 121

Tovar 1974, 62-64; TIR Emerita 120
HRL
Estepa?
RL
HR
Ayamonte
El Castillo? (Manzanilla)
Tovar 1974, 126-27; Caballos

Rufino 1996, 255 (n. 25)
TIR Emerita 31
TIR Emerita 121-22
R
HR
R
R
Salteras
Tovar 1974, 85-86; A. Caballos

Galsterer 1971, 67; TIR Emerita 123
HR
Pessegueiro Is., S Sines

POR
Beja POR
Tovar 1976, 213
near Setbal POR
Alarco 1988 II.2, 128

Domergue 1990, 190, 203
E3
C4
C3
Pizes
RL
D3
D2
Plagiaria
Plasenzuela
Poinoi = Bastouloi
Ponte da Isna
RL
CHR
Ponte da Ladeira dos

Envendos
RL?
C2
Domergue 1987, 472-73

TIR Emerita 120-21
Faro POR
Huelva
R
HR/
HR
R
B2
TIR Emerita 119

Tovar 1974, 56
ACHRL
HRL
Phornakis
Phosphoros/
Lux Dubia, T.
Iuno, T.
Dianae Fanum
El Piconcillo
Pises
D3
D5
Schulten 1955, 287

118-19
HR
HRL
B3
F3
D3
Tovar 1974, 161
Torre de los Herberos?

near Dos Hermanas
S. Juan de Aznalfarache?
Pax Iulia/
Pax Augusta/
Col. Pacensis
Pedro
Los Pedroches
Perceiana/
Promptiana?
C4
Aznalczar
Jimena de la Frontera
(Sierra de Ronda)
Tovar 1974, 60; A. Caballos
HR
HR
RL/
L
CHR
RL
RL?
Cortijo de la Vega del

Conde? (Villafranca del
Barros)
Hornachuelos?
near Sanlcar de
Barrameda, near ancient
Caepionis Monu.
Herdade de Algramassa,
near Beja POR
Santo Agostinho, near
Moura POR
Sagrajas?
Cardigos, near Mao,
Santarm POR
near Mao POR
TIR Emerita 121
TIR Emerita 124
Stylow 1991, 16; TIR Emerita 80-81

Tovar 1974, 52-53; TIR Emerita 95, 102
Domergue 1987, 141-44

Alarco 1988 II.3, 193
TIR Emerita 128
TIR Emerita 128
TIR Emerita 91
Alarco 1988 II.3, 145
427
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
A2
C1
Ponte da Marinha
Ponte da Ribeira das
Razas
Ponte da Sancha
R?
RL?
near Alenquer POR

near Idanha-a-Nova POR
Alarco 1988 II.2, 118

RL?
RL?
C3
Ponte da Senhora da
Azenha
Ponte de Lisboa
near Condeixa-a-Velha
POR
Gorges 1979, 473; Alarco 1988 II.3, 193
C2
B4
Ponte de Sor
Ponte de Tr
RL?
RL?
C2
Ponte do Coadouro
RL
C3
B2
E4
B4
E3
F3
C4
Porto da Caladinha
Porto do Sabugueiro
La Portuguesa
Portus Hannibalis
Potos
Pozoblanco
Praesidium
RL?
R
R
HR?
CL
CHR
RL
11 miles NW of Beja
POR
POR
Querena, near Loul
POR
Penhascoso, near Mao
POR
near vora POR
2 miles N Muge POR
D2
Praesidium Iulium =
Scallabis
Promptiana? = Perceiana
Proserpina
reservoir at Pantano de
Carija, 3 miles NW
Mrida
C4
C4
F3
Quinta do Marim
Quinta do Trindade
Quinto del Huerco
RL
RL
CHR
POR
POR
TIR Emerita 104

TIR Emerita 157
Domergue 1987, 108
D2
E1
E3
Raposera de Abajo
El Raso
Regina
R
RL
between Casas de Reina

and Reina de Los
Paredones
C1
Regina = Turirecina
Ribeira das Taliscas
RL?
Bemposta, near
Penamacor POR
B1
C1
E4
D4
D4
D4
RL
Portimo? POR
mining district
El Rompido (Cartaya)
(contra TIR Emerita
131)
Alarco 1988 II.3, 148-49; TIR Emerita 129

TIR Emerita 153
Alarco 1988 II.3, 145
Alarco 1988 II.3, 161
Sillires 1990, 315
Alarco 1988 II.3, 182, 184; TIR Emerita 86
Domergue 1987, 478
Domergue 1987, 87, 129-30, 161-66
Sillres 1990, 337
TIR Emerita 134

See Map 24
CIL 2.2.7, 222
R
CHR
CHR
ACHRL
mining district
Sillires 1990, 473

TIR Emerita 70
Domergue 1987, 473-74
TIR Emerita 109
D2
Ribera de Huesna
Ro Corumbel
Ro Crispinejo
Riotinto
Romula = Hispalis
Rustic(i)ana
RL
Galisteo? near Coria
F4
Sabetanum
Sillires 1990, 505, 890
E5
Sabora
A3
B4
E5
Sacavm
Sacrum Pr.
Saepo
R
CHRL
R
E5
Saguntia
RL
La Rambla or S. Sebastin
de los Ballesteros
Cerro de Sabora, near
Caete la Real
near Loures POR
Cabo de S. Vicente POR
Dehesa de la Fantasa,
Cortes, near Jimena de
la Frontera
Baos de Gigonza
(Paterna de Rivera)?
B3
Sala = Sal(pens)a
Salacia (Imperatoria)
Municipium Salaciense
ACHR
Alccer do Sal POR
Tovar 1974, 130-31; Atencia

Pez 1987, 212
TIR Emerita 73, 136
Tovar 1974, 61; Wiegels 1985, 65
Tovar 1974, 54-55
TIR Emerita 136-37
428
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
F5
E5
Salduba fl.
Salduba/
Saltum
Saldo
Sal(pens)a
R
HRL/
RL
Guadalhorce
Torren? at mouth of
R. Guadalmansa
Schulten 1955, 322

Tovar 1974, 74-75; Sillires 1990, 357
HR
Tovar 1974, 145-46; Caballos

Rufino 1996, 245
Schulten 1955, 336
Domergue 1987, 94-97, 148, 155, 179, 198,
216, 231
Gorges 1979, 477; Alarco 1988 II.3, 190;
TIR Emerita 143
Alarco 1988 II.3, 200-201;
Alarco 1988 II.3, 182;
Domergue 1990, 216
TIR Emerita 139
TIR Emerita 141
E4
E4
Salsum fl.
Saltum = Salduba
Sandone = Saudo
S. Brbara
Cortijo de la Coria
(Utrera)
Guadajoz
CHR
mining district
C3
S. Cucufate
RL
C4
S. Domingos
RL
1.5 miles W Vila de

Frades POR
near Mrtola POR
B4
S. Estvo
RL
near Silves POR
D4
E4
D4
B3
S. Eulalia
S. Jos
S. Juan de la Morania
S. Margarida do Sado
R
HR
R?
R
C3
S. Miguel de Mota
HR
A3
S. Miguel de Odrinhas
RL
B1
D4
B2
S. Olaia
S. Telmo
S. Tiago
CHR
R
C3
D4
E5
E5
S. Vitria do Ameixial
Sanlcar la Mayor
El Santiscal
Saudo/
Sandone
Scallabis/
Praesidium Iulium
Col. Scal(l)abitana
Segida
Restituta Iulia
Segida
Augurina
Segura
Sellium
Senhora da Luz
Seria
Serippo? = Irippo?
Serpa
Serra dos Monges
F4
B2
D3
E4
D2
B2
B4
D3
C4
B3
E4
E4
D3
B4
B4
F4
E4
E3
Setefilla
Siarum
Fortunale
Sierra de la Martela
Silves
Sines
Singili(a) Barba
Barla
Singilis fl.
Silicense fl.
Solana de Belalczar
RL
R
R
R/
L
ACHRL/
R
Figueira dos Cavaleiros

POR
sanctuary near Alandroal
POR
POR
POR
mining district
Santiago de Montealegre
POR
near S. Vitria POR
Sierra Gamaza (Arcos de
la Frontera)?
Santarm POR

Gorges 1979, 461-62; Alarco 1988
II.2, 120; TIR Emerita 144
See Map 24
TIR Emerita 139
TIR Emerita 144-45
Galsterer 1971, 67
Gorges 1979, 241
Tovar 1974, 86; Sillires 1990, 438-39
HR
Burguillos del Cerro?
TIR Emerita 145; cf. Wiegels 1985, 67
La Saetilla? S Palma del

Ro
Tovar 1974, 183
RL
RL?
R
RL
RL
R
AC
HR
H
CH
RL?
RL
RL
R
R
H
CHR
Tomar POR
near Lagos POR
Jrez de los Caballeros
Serpa POR
S. Tiago do Escoural,
Montemor-o-Novo
POR
La Torre del Aguila? S
Utrera
POR
POR
Cortijo del Castilln,
4 miles W Antequera
Genil
TIR Emerita 146

TIR Emerita 146
TIR Emerita 146
TIR Emerita 147
TIR Emerita 147
TIR Emerita 111-12
Escacena Carrasco 1985, 289-90
Tovar 1974, 146; Caballos
Rufino 1996, 245
TIR Emerita 105-106
Alarco 1988 II.3, 182
TIR Emerita 148
Tovar 1974, 74, 124-25;
Sillires 1990, 401, 422
RE 1
Domergue 1987, 102-107
429
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
F3
Solia
RL
CIL 2.2.7, 171; Tovar 1974, 97-98
C2
Srinho
RL?
Majadalaiglesia
(Torrecampo)
Monte da Pedra, near
Crato POR
F5
A3
D4
Suel
Suimo
Sultana
R
CHR
near Belas POR
A3
Tagrus M.
Sacer M.
CHRL
B2
Tagus fl.
CHRL
Cabo da Roca, near

Magnum and Olisipo Pr.
POR
Tejo / Tajo POR / SPN
D2
Tamusia
CH
E4
C2
E4
D4
Tanque de Agua
Tapada da Ordem
Tarazona
Tartessos
Tartessii
Terrugem
Tharsis
Tingentera = Iulia
Traducta
Tingi
*Tongobriga
Torre Aguila
Torre da Cardeira
RL
R
RL?
ACH
B2
C4
E6
D2
D3
C4
B2
D3
C2
E4
F5
E4
D2
C2
E3
B3
B2
D4
C4
D2
R
RL
RL

lower R. Odiel and
R. Guadalquivir area
near Almeirim POR
settlement and mine
MOR
Brozas? near Cceres
near Quintos POR
Torre de Magueixa
La Torre de Miguel
Sesmero
Torre de Palma
R
RL?
Reguengo do Fetal POR
RL
5 miles NW Monforte
POR
El Torren
Las Torres
Toruo
Tourmogon/
Turmulos
Tres Arroyos
Triunfo
Tria
Tubucci
Tabucci
Tacubis
Tucci = (I)Tucci
Turdetania
Turduli
RL
R
HR
R/
RL
HR
HR
RL
R
D4
Turgaliensis Regionis
Praefectura
Turgalium
Turirecina/
Regina
Col. Civium
Romanorum Regina
Turmulos = Tourmogon
Turobriga
D4
Ugia = U(r)gia
*Urium
E2
E5
R?
ACHRL
Villasviejas de Tamuja?
(Botija)
HR
Cerro Garrote
(Garrovillas)
POR
possibly Herdade do
Carvalhal, near
Constncia POR
Alarco 1988 II.3, 148

See Map 27
TIR Emerita 149
Domergue 1987, 216
Schulten 1955, 161, 240
Schulten 1955, 341-45; TIR Emerita
149-50; TIR Caesaraugusta 216
TIR Emerita 165
Gorges 1979, 388
TIR Emerita 151
Sillires 1990, 315
Tovar 1974, 70
Alarco 1988 II.2, 116
Domergue 1987, 199; Sillires 1990, 448
See Map 28
TIR Emerita 46
TIR Emerita 154
Gorges 1979, 475-76; Alarco 1988
II.3, 198; TIR Emerita 154
TIR Emerita 154
TIR Emerita 154
Gorges 1979, 362
Gorges 1979, 306
Sillires 1990, 407
TIR Emerita 158-59
TIR Emerita 157
Domergue 1987, 18, 31
TIR Emerita 149
See Map 27
Tovar 1974, 23; 1976, 201
region N and W Seville

and Crdoba
around Trujillo
R
H/
HR
Trujillo
Cortijo de Casina, SW
Arcos de la Frontera
Tovar 1976, 234

HR
Ermita de S. Mams?
(Aroche)
Sillires 1990, 444; cf. TIR Emerita

35, 44, 159
RL
Riotinto mines
Gonzlez Fernndez 1989, 76; TIR Emerita

24-25
Tovar 1976, 234
430
Grid
Name
Period
Reference
E2
F4
F4
E5
Ucubitanorum Praefectura
Ulia (Fidentia)
Urgapa?
U(r)gia
Caesaris Salutariensis
Castrum Iulium
Urius fl.
Urso/
Col. Genetiva Iulia
R
HRL
R?L
ACHRL
area of Valdecaballeros
Montemayor
La Alameda
Las Torres de Alocaz (Las
Cabezas de S. Juan)
CIL 2.2.7, 198

Tovar 1974, 115-16
Sillires 1990, 411-12
Tovar 1974, 57-58; Wiegels 1985, 61 (n. 3)
RL
HRL
Odiel
Osuna

Tovar 1974, 128-29
C3
Vale de Aguieiro
C4
B4
C2
F4
D3
F4
D2
Vale de Aguilho
Vale de Mrtola
Valencia de Alcntara
La Valenzoleja
Vama
Ventipo
Vettones
RL
R
H?R
S. Maria da Feira, near

Beja POR
near Beja POR
Castro Verde POR
R
HR
HRL?
Salvatierra de los Barros

La Atalaya de Casariche?
between R. Guadiana and
R. Duero
C2
B2
Via Augusta
*Vicus Camalocensis
Vila Cardlio
R
RL
C2
C3
A3
Vila Formosa
Vila Ruiva
Vila Verde
RL?
R?
RL
near Chocanal POR

at Caveira, near Torres
Novas POR
near Alter do Cho POR
near Cuba POR
Terrugem, near Sintra
POR
F5
E4
E4
Villa de Ro Verde
Villar de Brenes
Villo
RL
RL
R
D3
B3
E6
Zafra
Zambujal
Zilis
R
R
D4
E4
Rancho de la Estaca, S La
Puebla de la Calzada
Alvito, near Beja POR
MOR
Alarco 1988 II.3, 196

TIR Emerita 160
TIR Emerita 160
See Map 27
Tovar 1974, 125-26
TIR Emerita 162
See Roads
Alarco 1988 II.3, 163
Fernndez Castro 1982, 304
Gorges 1979, 361
Caballos Rufino 1996, 245
A. Caballos
TIR Emerita 167
See Map 28
Aqueducts
Grid
Location
Period
Reference
B3
C2
D2
D3
D3
D3
D3
D3
Salacia (Imperatoria)
Valencia de Alcntara
E Tourmogon at El Campillo
Cornalvo to Emerita Augusta
at La Torre de Miguel Sesmero
at Lobn
Proserpina to Emerita Augusta
N Emerita Augusta (Rabo de Buey-San
Lzaro)
near El Chaparral to Italica
near Ad Pontem at Tres Caminos
Carmo
B(a)elo
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
TIR Emerita 136-37

TIR Emerita 160
TIR Emerita 51
TIR Emerita 69
TIR Emerita 154
TIR Emerita 100
TIR Emerita 131
TIR Emerita 133
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
TIR Emerita 62
TIR Emerita 157
Sillires 1990, 805
Fernndez Casado 1972
D4
D5
E4
E5
Bridges
Grid
Location
D1
D2
D2
D2
D2
D2
D2
D2
D2
D2
D3
at Capera
at Ad Sorores
at Alcntara, over R. Tajo
SW Tourmogon at Alcontar, over R. Tajo
S Norba at Dehesa de La Zafra, over R. Salor
E Tourmogon at El Campillo, over R. Tajo
Ad Sorores (El Garro), over R. Almonte
Caurium (Guijo), over R. Alagn
near Raposera de Abajo, over R. Aljucn
E Norba near Trujillo, over R. Tamuja
near Cortinal de los Baos at Alange, over R.
Matachen
E Seria at El Pontn, over Arroyo Brovales
at Emerita Augusta, over R. Guadiana
N Phornakis at Palomas, over R. Palomillas
N Emerita Augusta, over R. Albarregas
at Ilip(ou)la
N Lastigi at El Ronquillo, over Ribera del
Huelva
La Horadada Piedra at Ribera del Huelva, near
La Algaba
at Ad Portum, over R. Guadalete
N Ad Pontem, over R. Suazo
W El Raso near Madrigal de la Vera
SW Turgalium, over Gibralzo Arroyo
S Turgalium, over R. Magasca
near Metellinum, over R. Guadiana
N U(r)gia at Alcantarillas, over R. Saldo de
Mron
near Carmo
at Corduba, over R. Guadalquivir
1.5 miles W Corduba, over Arroyo de
Pedroche
NE Ad Aras, over R. Guadalmazn
S Corduba at Puente Viejo, over R. Guadajoz
at Ad Decumum, over R. Guadalmellato
NE Corduba
Campillo Bajo
D3
D3
D3
D3
D4
D4
D4
D5
D5
E1
E2
E2
E3
E4
E4
F4
F4
F4
F4
F4
F4
F4
Period
Reference
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
HR
RL?
RL?
See Map 24
TIR Emerita 25
Blanco Freijeiro 1977; TIR Emerita 27
Gazzola 1968, 135-36; TIR Emerita 27-28
TIR Emerita 167
TIR Emerita 51
Gazzola 1968, 181
Gazzola 1968, 189-90
TIR Emerita 29
TIR Emerita 151
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
TIR Emerita 129

Gazzola 1968, 182-83
Sillires 1990, 692-93
TIR Emerita 135
RL?
TIR Emerita 134-35
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
RL?
Sillires 1990, 691

Sillires 1990, 691-92
TIR Caesaraugusta 145
Gazzola 1968, 182-83
Sillires 1990, 664-72
RL?
RL?
RL?
Fernndez Casado 1980; OConnor 1993, 104

Sillires 1990, 659-64
Sillires 1990, 681-87
RL?
RL?
Sillires 1990, 690

Sillires 1990, 689-90
See Map 27
See Map 27
See Map 27
Centuriation
Grid
Location
Period
Reference
D2
around Mrida (2)
RL
Gorges 1982; TIR Emerita 40
Grid
Location
Period
Reference
F1
NE Caesarobriga
Dam
See Map 27
431
432
Roads
Grid
Name / Itinerary
Period
References
E4
Via Augusta: Hispalis Carmo Astigi

Corduba
HRL
Sillires 1990, 291-99, 303-16
Abicada N
Ad Aras Ulia
Aritium *Igaeditania?
Astigi Munda Ilipula Minor Carteia
(B)Aesuris Balsa Ossonoba
Lacobriga SW
Carmo Naeva
Collippo Sellium
Collippo Eburobrittium
Corduba Baedro Cerro de las Monas
Map 27
Corduba Cabeza de Vaca Artigi
Emerita Augusta
Corduba Naeva Hispalis
Corduba Oducia Hispalis
Corduba Ulia (Fidentia) Ipagrum
Map 27
Ebora Estremoz Emerita
Ebora Pax Iulia
Emerita Augusta Contributa Iulia
Ugultunia Regina Astigi
Emerita Augusta Lobn Scallabis
Olisipo
Emerita Augusta Mirobriga Cerro de la
Monas Map 27
Emerita Augusta Norba Capera Map
24
Emerita Augusta Turgalium
Augustobriga Map 24
Gades B(a)elo Carteia Cilniana
Map 27
Hispalis Asido Carteia
Hispalis Sal(pens)a
Hispalis Urso Singili(a) Barba Map
27
Ierabriga vicinity
Italica *Urium? Pax Iulia
Italica Caura
Italica Emerita Augusta
Italica Ostium fl. Anae
(I)Tucci *Urium?
Mellaria Turirecina
Metallum Vipascense Castelo de Garvo
SE
Metallum Vipascense Mirobriga Sines
Norba Alcntara Igaeditania?
Norba Metellinum
Norba Turgalium
O(sso)noba Tharsis
O(sso)noba Turobriga Pax Iulia
Obulcula Celti?
Olisipo Ierabriga Scallabis Sellium
Conimbriga Aeminium
Olisipo Salacia Ebora Emerita
Olisipo Savem
RL
RL
R
HR
RL
Alarco 1988 I, 58
Sillires 1990, 505
Alarco 1988 I, 57
Sillires 1990, 422-30
Alarco 1988 I, 58
RL
R
R
RL
Sillires 1990, 504-505

Alarco 1988 I, 60-61
Alarco 1988 I, 60-61
Sillires 1990, 496-500
RL
Sillires 1990, 453-66; CIL 2.2.7, 202
RL
RL
RL
Sillires 1990, 323-26; CIL 2.2.7, xviii, 1

Sillires 1990, 326-28
Sillires 1990, 412-20
R
RL
RL
Alarco 1988 I, 56
Alarco 1988 I, 57
Sillires 1990, 466-73
RL
Alarco 1988 I, 57; TIR Emerita 10
RL
Sillires 1990, 373-82
RL
Roldn Hervs 1975, 81-86
RL
Roldn Hervs 1975, 86-87
RL
Sillires 1990, 339-61
RL
R
RL
Sillires 1990, 430-41

Sillires 1990, 509-10
Sillires 1990, 400-12
R
RL
R
RL
RL
RL
R
R
Alarco 1988 I, 50; II.2, 118

Sillires 1990, 500-502
Sillires 1990, 325-26
Sillires 1990, 474-90
Sillires 1990, 328-38
Sillires 1990, 518-19
CIL 2.2.7, 181, 202
Alarco 1988 I, 58
R
R
R
R
R
RL
RL
RL
Alarco 1988 I, 58
TIR Emerita 10-11
TIR Emerita 10-11
TIR Emerita 10-11
Sillires 1990, 519-20
Sillires 1990, 441-51
Sillires 1990, 504
Alarco 1988 I, 50-51; TIR Emerita 10
RL
R
Alarco 1988 I, 56; 1988a, 98

Alarco 1988 I, 50
Grid
Name / Itinerary
Period
References
Scallabis Tubucci Aritium Ad

Septem Aras Emerita
Salacia Herdade do Monte do Outeiro
Pax Iulia
Singili(a) Barba Iluro Cartima
Urso Ostippo Map 27
RL
Alarco 1988 I, 56-57
Alarco 1988 I, 57; 1988a, 100
RL
R
Sillires 1990, 420-22

Sillires 1990, 511
Unlocated Toponyms
(excluding those mentioned only by Avienus, for which see separate list below)
Name
Abobrica = Avobriga
Ad Atrum/
Ad Adrum fl.
Agla (Minor?)/
Asyla?
Aigoua? = Aspavia?
Akkabikon Teichos
Al(...)iensium (res
publica?)
Antonianum Metallum
Apeilokarion
Apiobic(...)
Arabriga
Aradoukta
Araducca
Arbua
Arcobriga
Arialdunum
Arkilakis (1)
Arkilakis (2)
Arsa
Period
Probable Location
Reference
near vora? POR
TIR Emerita 23-24
S R. Guadalquivir
Tovar 1974, 120, 181
L
R
town near Gibraltar

near Niebla?
Tovar 1974, 73
Wiegels 1985, 12-13
R
R
R?
R?
R
R
R?
H?R
R
R
R
HR
POR
POR
POR
POR
POR
POR
POR
S R. Guadalquivir
Schulten 1955, 492

Tovar 1976, 269
Tovar 1976, 269
Tovar 1976, 269
Alarco 1988 I, 137; TIR Emerita 28, 32
Alarco 1988 I, 137
TIR Emerita 33
Tovar 1974, 138
Tovar 1974, 181
Tovar 1974, 181
Tovar 1974, 92; CIL 2.2.7 p. 207
Aspavia?/
Aigoua?
Astapa
HR
near Esparragosa and Malpartida

de la Serena?
in conventus Astigitanus
HRL
S Ostippo? not Estepa
Astigi Vetus?/
Eiskadia?
Asyla? = Agla (Minor?)
Avobriga/
Abobrica
HR
Caballos Rufino 1996, 255 (n. 25);

A.U. Stylow
Tovar 1974, 113, 138
POR
Alarco 1988a, 225 (n. 8)
Baedorus
Baeg(...)?/
Baikor?
Baetis
Baikor? = Baeg(...)?
Bardili
Bardili Turduli
Braitolaion
Bastuli
Baxon(...)
Belippo/
Besaro
Binaria = Castra Vinaria
Bretiande
Brona
Brutobriga
Burrulobriga
R
HR
POR
in conventus Hispalensis
Alarco 1988 I, 137

Tovar 1974, 152
town in conventus Hispalensis
Tovar 1974, 181
R
R
R
R
R
R
NW Alentejo? POR
tributary tribe in Lusitania
POR
POR
in conventus Gaditanus
TIR Emerita 43
TIR Emerita 45
TIR Emerita 43
Tovar 1974, 182; CIL 2.2.7, 51
Tovar 1974, 84
R
R
R?
R?
in conventus Scallabitanus POR

in conventus Scallabitanus POR
POR
Curchin 1990, 169

Tovar 1974, 85
Curchin 1990, 169
DEncarnao 1984, 633, 747
Tovar 1974, 117
433
434
Name
Period
Probable Location
Reference
Bursavo
in conventus Cordubensis
Tovar 1974, 101-102
Cabenses
Tovar 1974, 182
Caeciliana
Cairieses
Calecula/
Kallikoula
Callet
Canabulla
Carpesia
Castellum Serma(n)celes?
Castra Gemella = Castra
Vinaria
Castra Gemina
Castra Servilia
Castra Vinaria/
Binaria/
Castra Gemella
Cauli(ni)ana
Caviclum
Cedripo
Celduba
Ceparia
Ceturgi
Chretina
Cinginnia
Civitas Mirietanorum
Colarnum
Concordia
RL
R?
R
Cortijo de El Tajo (Teba)? forged

inscription?
possibly near Setbal? POR
near Zebeira? POR
N R. Guadalquivir, in Turdetania
false toponym?
TIR Emerita 48
Tovar 1976, 250
Tovar 1974, 136
R
R
H
R?
POR
Tovar 1974, 85
Ponsich 1974 II, 109
Tovar 1974, 72
Alarco 1988 I, 139
R
HR
R
in area of Cceres POR
Tovar 1974, 130-31

TIR Emerita 58
Tovar 1974, 131-32
L
R
R
R
R
R
R
R?
R?
R
R
8 miles from Mrida

near Seville?
near Rute?
POR
POR
POR
W Alentejo? POR
in Sorraia valley? POR
Tovar 1976, 230

Tovar 1974, 80
Tovar 1974, 135
Ponsich 1974 I, 28; A. Caballos
Tovar 1974, 144
Tovar 1974, 123
TIR Emerita 63
Tovar 1976, 270
Tovar 1976, 215
Alarco 1988 I, 135
Alarco 1988a, 221 (n. 20); TIR Emerita
65-66
Deobriga
Dipo
R?
RL
POR
POR
Tovar 1976, 271

TIR Emerita 74-75
Eberobriga
Ebura Cerialis
Eiskadia? = Astigi Vetus?
Elbocoris
Elbysinioi/
Olbysioi
Esttledunum
HR
R
Talavn?
TIR Emerita 150

Tovar 1974, 182
R
CH
TIR Emerita 76-77

Tovar 1974, 24-25
POR
bewteen W Andalusian R. Iberus
and Cartare Is.?
in conventus Astigitanus?
Fatela
Faventia/
Vesci
Fraxinum
H?R
HRL
near Fundo POR


Tovar 1974, 62
RL
possibly near Comenda? POR
Gemella
Geraia
Gletes/
Tletes/
Igletes
H
RL
C
S R. Guadalquivir
between Mrida and Medelln
W R. Tinto and N Conii
Tovar 1974, 119

Tovar 1976, 231
Tovar 1974, 25
Halo = Ilipula Laus

Helo = Ilipula Laus
(H)Istinium
Igletes = Gletes
Ilipula Laus/
Ilipoula Megale/
Halo/
Helo
R
HR
Tovar 1974, 138
Tovar 1976, 240

S R. Guadalquivir
Name
Period
Probable Location
Reference
Ipora
Istinium = (H)Istinium
Ituci = I(p)tuci
HR
in conventus Cordubensis?
Tovar 1974, 108
Kaikila
Kaipiana
Kairiana
Kallikoula = Calecula
Kanaka
Katraleukos
R
R
R
possibly near Setbal? POR
Tovar 1974, 182

TIR Emerita 48
TIR Emerita 43
R
R
TIR Emerita 52
Kelkiani
Konistorgis
Kontobris
Kotinai/
Oleastron
Koursou
R
H?R
HR
between Beja and Sines;
Alvalade? POR
between W Andalusian R. Iberus
and Cartare Is.
near Ourique? POR
POR
N R. Guadalquivir in Turdetania?

TIR Emerita 67
Tovar 1974, 50
in conventus Hispalensis?
Tovar 1974, 179
Lacca
Lacipaea
Laepia Regia
Lancienses Transcudani
Langobriga
Lastigi
Lauare
Lennium
Leuciana = Likiniana
Libora
R
RL
HR
R
R?
HR
R
R?
in conventus Gaditanus?
Tovar 1974, 66
Tovar 1976, 232
Tovar 1974, 64
TIR Emerita 98
Tovar 1976, 257-58; Alarco 1988 II.2, 91
Tovar 1974, 167
TIR Emerita 99
Tovar 1976, 271
Licabrum
Likiniana/
Leuciana
Lisangl(...)
Lomondo/
Lomundo
Lubanc(...)
H
R/
RL
R
RL
POR
in area of Talavera la Vieja
Tovar 1976, 271

Tovar 1976, 235
near Condeixa-a-Velha POR
Tovar 1976, 262
Manliana
*Mariorum M.
R
R
in area of Coria and Cparra

Almadn de la Plata?
El Ronquillo?
TIR Emerita 104

TIR Emerita 105; Gonzlez Fernndez 1996
Marruca
Maxilua
Mendikouleia
Meribriga/
Merobriga
Montobrica/
Montobriga/
Mundobriga
Moron
Mullicensis Praefectura
Mundobriga = Montobrica
Municipium Flavium
(...)ipa
HR
HR
R
R
POR
Odemira? POR
Tovar 1974, 117-18; A.U. Stylow

Tovar 1974, 151
TIR Emerita 107
TIR Emerita 108
possibly near Arronches? POR
HR?
R
in Ches de Alpomp? POR

in area of Mrida

Tovar 1976, 234
Obila
Oelun(...)
Olbysioi = Elbysinioi
Oleastron = Kotinai
Oningi/
Onici
Osca
Otobesa
R
R
RL
POR
above R. Vouga near Fies POR
in conventus Hispalensis?
POR
POR
between Toledo and Talavera la
Vieja
Tovar 1989, 235

Tovar 1974, 121
TIR Emerita 99
Galsterer 1971, 66
POR
R
R
R?
Tovar 1974, 25
Tovar 1976, 272

Tovar 1974, 183
Tovar 1974, 126; A.U. Stylow
in coventus Astigitanus?
POR
Tovar 1974, 134

Tovar 1976, 272
435
436
Name
Period
Probable Location
Reference
Ouelladis
Ouogia
Oxthrakai
R
R
R
POR
POR
TIR Emerita 161

Tovar 1974, 108-109
Tovar 1976, 272
Perbriga
Pinetum
Polibedenses
Pyrgoi Leukoi
R?L
RL
R?
HR
POR
POR
POR
Alvito between Beja and Evora?
POR
TIR Emerita 126

Alarco 1988 I, 139
Tovar 1976, 248
TIR Emerita 133
Rodacis
between Rena and Medelln?
Tovar 1976, 233
Sabesola
Sacrana
Salar
Sallaecus
Salmyka
Samariense Metallum
Segovia
Sel(ambina)
Selia
Serpa
Siccaena
Singiliensis Pagus
Spalis
Spoletinon
Statio Sacra
Suburbanus Pagus
L
R
R
R?
CH
R
H
R
R
R
R
R
H
R
L
R
POR
near Pillars of Hercules
Tovar 1974, 74; Sillires 1990, 33, 342

Tovar 1974, 51
Tovar 1974, 86
Tovar 1976, 272
Tovar 1974, 73
Schulten 1955, 492
Tovar 1974, 113-14; A.U. Stylow
Tovar 1974, 82-83
Tovar 1974, 139
Tovar 1974, 170
Tovar 1974, 139
Tovar 1974, 127
Tovar 1974, 121
Tovar 1974, 166
TIR Emerita 148
Tovar 1974, 177
Talabrica/
Talabriga?/
Talabara?
Tapori
Tapori/
Talori
Tema/
Thema
Tletes = Gletes
Translucanus Pagus
Tribola
Trite
Tucci Vetus
Turdetum/
Turta
RL
40 miles N Coimbra? POR
TIR Emerita 150
R
R
in Lusitania POR
tribe, possibly around Castelo
Branco
near Seville, across R.
Guadalquivir

Tovar 1976, 252
RL
between Tavira and Faro? POR
Tovar 1974, 170; Sillires 1990, 329
R
H
L
R
H
near Pillars of Hercules?
Tovar 1974, 177

Tovar 1974, 62
Tovar 1974, 74
Tovar 1974, 120
Tovar 1974, 150
Ugia Martia
Unditanum
Veneriensis Ager
R
R
R
Torres de Alocaz?
near Sanlcar de Barrameda?
Wiegels 1985, 61 (n. 3); TIR Emerita 163

Tovar 1974, 140
Tovar 1974, 53
Vescelia
Vesci = Faventia
Vicus Baedorus
Tovar 1974, 62
R?
POR
Tovar 1976, 262
Xera
AC
in area of Pillars of Hercules
Tovar 1974, 73
Names found only in Avienus

Name
Reference
Argentarius M./
Cassius M. (259, 291)
Barbetium Iugum (425)
Calacticus Sinus (424)
Cartare Ins. (255)
Sierra del Pinar
THA 85-86, 91-92
Cape Calaburras at W end of Gulf of Mlaga

Guadiana mouth? Bay of Algeciras?
area between E mouth of R. Guadalquivir and
R. Guadalete; Erythea?
people between Etmanes and Ileates in Cdiz
province
R. Guadiaro, E Gibraltar; Barbesula fl.?
coastal area in Cdiz province in the area of
Conil de la Frontera and Vejer de la Frontera
Salado de Conil between Cdiz and Trafalgar
people on left bank of R. Guadalete, toward
mouth
at mouth of Ro Tinto; palaeo-estuary of
R. Odiel
SE angle of Crtare Is.
Colina de S. Fernando, near Bay of Cdiz
Huelva
rocks near Cape Trafalgar
Ro Tinto
N Cempsi, between R. Guadalquivir and R.
Guadalete
sanctuary on Colina de Moguer
THA 117
THA 116-17
THA 85; TIR Emerita 54-55
Cempsi (301)
Chrysus fl. (419)
Cilbiceni (303)
Cilbus fl. (320)
Etmanes (300)
Etrephaea Palus (244)
Fani Pr. (261)
Gerontis Arx (304)
Herbi Civitas (244)
Herma (323)
Hiberus fl. (248)
Ileates (302)
Infernae Deae Fanum
(241)
Infernae Deae Iugum
(241)
Libyphoenices (421)
Luna Ins. (367)
Massieni (422)
Ophiussae Ager (196)
Sacrum Iugum (323)
Selbyssina (422)
Tartessii Sinus (265)
Tartessiorum M. (308)
Tartessius Ager (224)
Tartessos fl. (284)
Veneris Marinae Ins.
(315)
Veneris, T. (316)
Zephyridis Ora (564)
hill of S. Mara de la Rbida at mouth of Ro

Tinto, or Colina de Moguer
coastal area E Straits of Gibraltar;
Blastophoenices
Bay of Algeciras
people in Straits of Gibraltar area
W-central Iberia
Cape Trafalgar running into Sierra de Retn
which separates La Janda laguna from the
sea near straits
people in lower R. Guadalquivir area
palaeo-estuary of R. Guadalete, from R. Rota
in N to cao of S. Petri in S
around Medina Sidonia, Chiclana de la
Frontera and Alcal de los Gazules
begins at R. Anas
Guadalquivir
N Cdiz peninsula (contra THA 99)
on Veneris Marinae Ins.
areas of Atlantic coast beyond the straits
THA 96; TIR Emerita 61

THA 115
THA 97
THA 92
THA 83
THA 86
THA 97
THA 101-102
THA 84
THA 96
THA 83
Tovar 1974, 24-25; THA 114-15
THA 107
Tovar 1974, 24-25; THA 115-16
THA 73
THA 100-101
Tovar 1974, 24-25; THA 115-16
THA 88-89
THA 97
THA 83
TIR Emerita 151
TIR Emerita 32
THA 99
THA 157
437
438
Bibliography
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J. de Alarco, Roman Portugal, 2 vols., Warminster,
1988.
Corzo Snchez 1992

R. Corzo Snchez and M. Toscano San Gil, Las vas
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Alarco 1988a
J. de Alarco, O Domnio romano em Portugal, Mem
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Curchin 1990
L.A. Curchin, The local magistrates of Roman Spain,
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Almagro-Gorbea 1987
M. Almagro-Gorbea, El rea superficial de las
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Domergue 1987
C. Domergue, Catalogue des mines et des fonderies
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R. Atencia Pez, El poblamiento antiguo en la
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Blanco Freijeiro 1977
A. Blanco Freijeiro, El puente de Alcntara en su
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A. Caballos Rufino, Iptuci, civitas stipendiaria del
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A. Caballos Rufino, Un nuevo municipio flavio en
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A.M. Canto, Avances sobre la explotacin del
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A. Caro Bellido, Consideraciones sobre el Bronce
Antiguo y Pleno en el Bajo Guadalquivir, in M.E.
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Chic Garca 1979
G. Chic Garca, Lacca, Habis 10-11 (1979-80)
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Corzo Snchez 1982
R. Corzo Snchez, Sobre la localizacin de algunas
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Domergue 1990
C. Domergue, Les mines de la Pninsule Ibrique
dans lantiquit romaine, Rome, 1990.
DEncarnao 1984
J. DEncarnao, Inscries romanas do Conventus
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Escacena Carrasco 1985
J.L. Escacena Carrasco, El poblamiento ibrico en
el bajo Guadalquivir, in A. Ruiz and M. Molinos
(eds.), Los Iberos. Actas de las I jornadas sobre el
mundo ibrico, pp. 273-97, Jan, 1985.
Escacena Carrasco 1986
J.L. Escacena Carrasco, Gadir, in G. del Olmo
Lete and M.E. Aubert Semmler (eds.), Los Fenicios
en la Pennsula Ibrica, vol. 1, pp. 39-58, Barcelona,
1986.
C. Fernndez Casado, Acueductos romanos en
Espaa, Madrid, 1972 (without pagination).
C. Fernndez Casado, Historia del puente en
Espaa: puentes romanos, Madrid, 1980.
Fernndez Castro 1982
M.C. Fernndez Castro, Villas romanas en Espaa,
Madrid, 1982.
Fernndez Corrales 1987
J.M. Fernndez Corrales, El trazado de las vas
romanas en Extremadura, Madrid, 1987.
Flemming 1969
N.C. Flemming, Archaeological evidence for
eustatic change of sea level and earth movements in
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H. Galsterer, Untersuchungen zum rmischen
Stadtewesen auf der iberischen Halbinsel, Berlin,
1971.
Gazzola 1968
P. Gazzola, Ponti romani, Florence, 1968.
Gonzlez Fernndez 1989
J. Gonzlez Fernndez, Corpus de inscripciones
latinas de Andaluca I: Huelva, Seville, 1989.
J. Gonzlez Fernndez, Corpus de inscripciones
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J. G. Gorges, Centuriation et organisation du
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R.C. Knapp, Roman Crdoba, Berkeley, 1983.
Mantas 1990
V.G. Mantas Soares, A rede viria do convento
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C. OConnor, Roman bridges, Cambridge, 1993.
439
Ponsich 1974
M. Ponsich, Implantation rurale antique sur le
Bas-Guadalquivir, 4 vols., Paris, 1974-91.
Quintela 1986
A. de C. Quintela, Aproveitamentos hidraulicos
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Pennsula Ibrica, Valladolid, 1975.
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P. Sillires, Les voies de communications de
l'Hispanie mridionale, Paris, 1990.
Stylow 1991
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Lusitania Baetica

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Map 26 Lusitania-Baetica

Compiled by R.C. Knapp and F.H. Stanley, Jr. (Portugal), 1996

Modern Name / Location

Alarco 1988 II.3, 150; TIR Emerita 23

probably Alter do Cho

Tovar 1974, 153-54

Gorges 1979, 481-82; TIR Emerita 23

Modern Name / Location

Sillires 1990, 314

Puente de Suazo (contra

Arroyo del Alamo

Cortijo de Evora (Sanlcar

Tovar 1974, 50; Sillires 1990, 313

Guadiana POR / SPN

TIR Emerita 31-32

possibly Barreiro POR

Alarco 1988 II.2, 127; TIR Emerita 32

near Ourique? POR

Alarco 1988 II.3, 171; TIR Emerita 32

Casal da Vrzea; 9 miles

Schulten 1955, 263; TIR Emerita 32, 77-78

Sillires 1990, 438

Castuera? (contra Sillires

CIL 2.2.7, 216

Modern Name / Location

Tovar 1974, 150-51

Tovar 1974, 111-13

Tovar 1976, 235-36

Hinojosa del Duque?

CIL 2.2.7, 186

Cabo Espichel POR

TIR Emerita 42, 61

Schulten 1955, 322-23

Schulten 1955, 324-35; NPauly

Gorges 1979, 195; TIR Emerita 43

Silla del Papa, near

Schulten 1955, 236; Tovar 1974, 67

Barbate, near Belo

Schulten 1955, 323-24

Modern Name / Location

Tovar 1974, 85; 1976, 222; Chic

near Monforte POR

Piedra Salmedina? near

Alarco 1988 II.3, 150-51

Cortijo de Moguerejo (El

Tovar 1974, 130, 146; TIR Emerita 50

Rock of Gibraltar GIB

Tovar 1974, 72-73; Sillires 1990, 358;

La Mesa (Alcolea del Ro)

near Odivelas POR

Cerro Esperilla (Arcos de

near Pvoa de Rio de

Almodvar del Ro?

Cortijo de Los Cosmes?

Cerro de Agua (La Puebla

Tovar 1974, 70-72

Modern Name / Location

Castelo das Juntas