EXPLANATION TEXT

By
Nafiri Muhammadi

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II : DISCUSSION
CHAPTER III : CONCLUSION
CHAPTER IV : TEACHING SUGGESTION

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

The writing process:

1) Prewriting

2) Planning (outlining)
3) Writing and revising drafts

4) Writing the final copy

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

Genres:
1)

Narration

: Narrative, Recount, Spoof, News Item

2)

Description

: Descriptive, Report, Procedure,

Explanation,

3)

Argumentation

: Exposition, Discussion, Review

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION

Definition of Explanation Texts

An explanation text is a non-fiction text;

It describes a process, to explain the sequence, cause or theoretical

understanding involved in the formation or working of a natural or
socio cultural phenomenon or event.
As a genre, explanations detail and logically describe the stages in a
natural (e.g. the water cycle), social (e.g. making a law) or
technological (e.g. how a car is made) phenomenon of our world.

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION

Types of Explanation:
1) Sequential
It details the stages in an event. For example: from
apple blossom to fruit, the life cycle of a frog, oil
production, etc.
2) Causal
It details what causes the change from one stage to
the next. For example: how digestion happens, why
tsunamis occur, etc.

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION

3) Theoretical
It details the possible phenomena behind a
natural/created process that is not fully understood.
For example The El Nio effect.

4) Factorial and Consequential

It explain effects and outcomes of processes and
are more commonly used in upper primary and
secondary contexts. For example:
Science e.g. explain the causes of climate change
(Factorial)
History e.g. explain the causes of World War 2
(Factorial)

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION

Structure of Explanation Texts:

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Title
General Statement
Sequenced Explanation
Concluding Statement
Labelled diagrams and flow charts

CHAPTER II: DISCUSSION

Language features:

Use of present tense.

Use of complex noun groups
Use of abstract nouns
Use of pronouns
Usually the subject is not human
Use of sentences that have a clear subject and verb agreement.
Use of action verbs
Use of adverbial phrases of time and place
Use of connectives to link time sequences in a cause and effect
sequence
Use of passive voice
Use of time conjunctions
Use of technical terms or word chains about a subject

CHAPTER IV: TEACHING

SUGGESTION
Differences between Procedure and Explanation Text:

Procedure texts are describe how to do

thing completely. (instructions)

Explanation texts are explain how thing is

done completely. (process)

CHAPTER IV: TEACHING

SUGGESTION
Models of Genre-Based Approach

GBA model used in Indonesia is a GBA model

developed by Rothery which consists of four stages:
1)
2)
3)
4)

Building Knowledge of the Field (BKOF)

Modelling
Joint Construction
Independent Construction

THE END