I.

Cu Trc
HIN TI N
+

HIN TI TIP DIN

S + V(s/es)

S + am/is/are + Ving

He plays tennis.

The children are playing football now.

S + do not/ does not + Vinf

S + am/is/are + not + Ving

She doesn't play tennis.

The children are not playing football now.

Do/Does + S + Vinf?

Am/Is/Are + S + Ving?

Do you play tennis?

Are the children playing football now?

II. Cch s dng

HIN TI N
1. Din t mt thi quen, mt hnh
ng xy ra thng xuyn lp i lp
li hin ti.
Ex:
- He watches TV every night.
- What do you do every day?
- I go to school by bicycle.
2. Din t mt chn l, mt s tht
hin nhin.
Ex:
- The sun rises in the East.
- Tom comes from England.
- I am a student.

HIN TI TIP DIN

1. Din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra ti hin ti.
Ex:
- The children are playing football now.
- What are you doing at the moment?
2. Dng theo sau cu ngh, mnh lnh.
Ex:
- Look! The child is crying.
- Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in the next room.
3. Th ny cn c dng din t mt hnh ng sp xy ra. (TH
TNG LAI GN)
Ex:
- He is coming tomorrow.
- My parents are planting trees tomorrow.

3. Din t mt lch trnh c sn, thi

kha biu, chng trnh
Ex: The plane leaves for London at
12.30pm.

Lu : Khng dng th hin ti tip din vi cc ng t ch nhn thc, tri gic

nh: to be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, glance, feel, think, smell,
love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget, belong to, believe ...
Vi cc ng t ny, ta thay bng th HIN TI N GIN
4. Dng sau cc cm t ch thi
Ex:
gian when, as soon asv trong cu iu - I am tired now.
kin loi 1
- She wants to go for a walk at the moment.
Ex:
- We will not believe you unlesswe see it
ourselves.
- If she asks you, tell her that you do not
know.

III. Du hiu nhn bit

HIN TI N
- Often, usually, frequently
- Always, constantly
- Sometimes, occasionally
- Seldom, rarely
- Every day/ week/ month...

HIN TI TIP DIN

- Now
- Right now
- At the moment
- At present
- Look! Listen!...

IV. Spelling
HIN TI N

HIN TI TIP DIN

- Ta thm S hnh thnh ngi 3 s t ca hu ht cc

ng t. Nhng ta thm ES khi ng t c tn cng
l o, sh, s, ch, x, z.
Ex: He teaches French.

- Nu ng t tn cng l e n th b e ny i trc khi

thming. (tr cc ng t : to age (gi i), to dye (nhum), to
singe (chy xm) v cc ng t tn t l ee
Ex: come --> coming

- Nu ng t tn cng l y v ng trc n l mt ph
m, th ta i y thnh i trc khi thm es.
Ex:
- He tries to help her.
- She studies at China.

- ng t tn cng l 1 nguyn m gia 2 ph m th nhn

i ph m cui ln ri thm ing.
Ex:
run --> running
begin --> beginning
- Nu ng t tn cng l ie th i thnh y ri mi thm ing.
Ex: lie --> lying
- Nu ng t tn cng l l m trc n l 1 nguyn m n th
ta cng nhn i l ln ri thm ing.
Ex: travel --> travelling

I. Present Perfect (th hin ti hon thnh)

1. Cu trc:

(+) S + has/have + PII.

() S + has/have + not + PII.
(?) Has/Have + S + PII?
Yes, S + has/have.
No, S + has/have + not.
2. Cch s dng:
2.1. Din t mt hnh ng xy ra mt thi im khng xc nh trong qu
kh.
- Khng c thi gian xc nh.
John has traveled around the world (We dont know when)
Have you passed your driving test?
- Hoc i vi cc t: just, recently, already, yet,
- Hnh ng lp li nhiu ln cho n thi im hin ti.
I have watched Iron Man several times.
- Sau cu trc so snh hn nht ta dng th hin ti hon thnh.
It is the most borning book that I have ever read.
- Sau cu trc: This/It is the first/second times, phi dng th hin ti hon thnh.
This is the first time he has driven a car.
Its the second times he has lost his passport.
2.2. Din t mt hnh ng bt u din ra trong qu kh v vn cn hin
ti.
- C cc t ch thi gian i cng nh: since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far,
Jonh has
lived in
that
house
for
20
years.
(He
still
live
there)
=John has lived in that house since 1989 (Hin nay l 2012)
3. Cc t i vi th hin ti hon thnh
- Since + thi im trong qu kh: since 1982, since Junuary.: k t khi
For + khong thi gian: for three days, for ten minutes, .: trong vng
I havent heard from her for 2 months.
(Ti khng nghe tin tc g t c y trong 2 thng ri
He hasnt met her since she was a little girl.
(Anh y khng gp c y k t khi c y cn l 1 c b.)
- Already:
Dng trong cu khng nh hay cu hi, ALREADY c th ng ngay sau have v cng c th
ng cui cu.
I have already had the answer = I have had the answer already.
Have you typed my letter already?
- Yet: cha
Dng trong cu ph nh hoc nghi vn. YET thng ng cui cu.

John hasnt written his report yet = John hasnt written his report.
I hasnt decided what to do yet = I hasnt decided what to do.
Have you read this article yet? = Have you read this article?
- Just: va mi
Dng ch mt hnh ng va mi xy ra.
I have just met him.
I have just tidied up the kitchen.
I have just had lunch.
- Recently, Lately: gn y
He has recently arrived from New York.
- So far: cho n by gi
We havent finished the English tenses so far.
- Up to now, up to the present, up to this moment, until now, until this time: n tn by gi.
She hasnt come up to now.
- Ever: tng bao gi cha
EVER ch dng trong cu nghi vn
Have you ever gone abroad?
- Never before: cha bao gi
I have never eaten a mango before. Have you eaten a mango?
- In/Over/During/For + the + past/last + time: trong thi gian qua
It has rained in the past week.
She hasnt talked to me over the last 4 days.
4. Phn bit gone to v been to
- gone to: i cha v
Ann is on holiday. She has gone to Paris.
> C ngha l by gi c y ang hoc ang trn ng n .
- been to: i v ri
Ann is back to English now. She has been to Paris.
> C y tng Paris nhng gi v Anh ri.
II. Present Perfect Progressive (th hin ti hon thnh tip din)
1. Cu trc:
(+) S + has/have + been + Ving.
() S + has/have + not + been + Ving.
(?) Has/Have + S + been + Ving?
Yes, S + has/have.
No, S + has/have + not.

2. Cch s dng:
- Nhn chung, v c bn, th hin ti hon thnh tip din ging vi th hin ti hon thnh, u dng
din t mt hnh ng bt u din ra trong qu kh v vn cn xy ra hin ti. Tuy nhin, th
hin ti hon thnh tip din nhn mnh thi gian ca hnh ng (How long), cn th
hin ti hon thnh quan tm n kt qu ca hnh ng.
- Thng dng vi 2 gii t since hoc for.
I have been learning English since early morning.
- Cc du hiu khc nhn bit th hin ti hon thnh tip din: all day, all her/his lifetime, all
day long, all the morning/afternoon
3. Phn bit HTHT HTHTTD

HIN TI HON THNH

Hnh ng chm dt hin ti do
c kt qu r rng.
I've waited for you for half an hour. (and
now I stop waiting because you didn't
come)

HIN TI HON THNH TIP DIN

Hnh ng vn tip din hin ti, c kh
nng lan ti tng lai do khng c kt
qu r rt.
I've been waiting for you for half an hour. ( and
now I'm still waiting, hoping that you'll come)

I. Cu trc:
TH QU KH N
1. To be:
S + was/were + Adj/ Noun
- I, he, she, it , N(s t) + Was
- You, we, they, N(s nhiu) + Were

TH QU KH TIP DIN
S + was/were + V-ing

2. Verbs:
S + V qu kh

II. Cch s dng:

TH QU KH N
Din t mt hnh ng
xy ra v chm dt hon
ton trong qu kh.
Ex:
- Tom went to Paris last
summer.
- My mother left this city two
years ago.
- He died in 1980.

TH QU KH TIP DIN
1. Din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra ti mt thi
im trong qu kh.
Ex: What were you doing at 8:30 last night?
2. Din t hnh ng ang xy ra ( qu kh) th c 1
hnh ng khc xem vo. (Hnh ng ang xy ra
dng QK tip din, hnh ng xen vo dng QK n)
Ex:
- When I came yesterday, he was sleeping.
- What was she doing when you saw her?
3. Din t hnh ng xy ra song song cng 1 lc qu
kh.
Ex: Yesteday, I was cooking while my sister was washing the
dishes.

III. Du hiu nhn bit:

TH QU KH N

TH QU KH TIP DIN

last night/ year/month

yesterday
... ago
in + nm (vd: 1999)

at this time last night

at this moment last year
at 8 p.m last night
while...

I. Cu trc:
QU KH HON THNH TIP
DIN

QU KH HON THNH
1. To be:
S + had been + Adj/ noun
Ex: She had been a good dancer when she met a car
accident.

Cng thc chung:

S + had been+ V-ing
Ex: She had been carrying a heavy
bags.

2. Verb:
S + had + Pii (past participle)
Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975.

II. Cch s dng:

QU KH HON THNH

QU KH HON THNH TIP DIN

1. Din t mt hnh ng xy ra
trc mt hnh ng khc trong
qu kh. (Hnh ng xy ra trc dng
QKHT - xy ra sau dng QK)
Ex: When I got up this morning, my
father had already left.

1. Din t 1 hnh ng xy ra trc mt

hnh ng khc trong Qu kh (nhn mnh
tnh tip din)

2. Dng m t hnh ng trc

mt thi gian xc nh trong qu
kh.
Ex: We had lived in Hue before 1975.

2. Din t 1 hnh ng xy ra, ko di

lin tc n khi hnh ng th 2 xy
ra. (Hnh ng 2 dng QK). Thng thng
khong thi gian ko di c nu r trong cu.

3. Dng trong cu iu kin loi 3

Ex: If I had known that you were there, I
would have written you letter.

Ex: The men had been playing cards for 3 hours

before I came.

Ex: I had been thinking about that before you

mentioned it.

4. Dng trong cu c mun tri vi

Qu kh
Ex: I wish I had time to study.

I. Cu trc:
TL N

TL TIP DIN

TL GN

(+) S + will/shall + V-inf

(-) S + will/shall + not + V-inf
(?) Will/Shall + S + V-inf?
Yes, S + will/shall
No, S + will/shall + not

S + will + be + V-ing
Ex:
- Will you be waiting for
her when her plane arrives
tonight?
- Don't phone me between
7 and 8. We'll be having dinner
then.

1. D nh s lm g
S + am/is/are + going to +
V-inf
Ex: Where are you going to
spend your holiday?

V-inf: ng t nguyn th khng

"to".
- I/ We + shall
- I/ We/ You/ He/ She... + will
- will/shall = 'll
- will not = won't
- shall not = shan't
Ex:
- She will be a good mother.
- We will go to England next
year.

2. Sp sa lm g
S + am/is/are + V-inf
Ex: My father is retiring.

II. Cch s dng:

TL N

TL TIP DIN

1. Din t mt quyt nh
ngay ti thi im ni.
Ex: Oh, I've left the door open.
I
will go and shut it.

TL GN

1. Din t mt hnh
ng
ang xy ra ti mt thi
im xc nh tng lai.
Ex:
- At 10 o'clock tomorrow
morning
he will be working.
- I will be watching TV at 9
o'clock tonight.

2. Din t li d on
khng
c cn c.
Ex:
- People wont go to Jupiter
before
the 22nd century.
- Who do you think will get the
job?

2. Din t hnh ng
ang
xy ra tng lai th c 1
hnh ng khc xy ra.
Ex:
- I will be studying when you
return this evening.
- They will be travelling in
Italy by the time you arrive
here.

3. Dng trong cu ngh.

Ex:
- Will you shut the door?
- Shall I open the window?
- Shall we dance?

1. Din t mt k hoch,
d nh.
Ex:
- I have won $1,000. I am
going to buy a new TV.
- When are you going
to go on holiday?
2. Din t mt li d on
da vo bng chng hin
ti.
Ex:
- The sky is very black. It is
going to snow.
- I crashed the company car.
My boss isnt going to bevery
happy!

4. Cu ha hn
Ex: I promise I will call you as
soon as i arrive.

III. Phn bit TL n TL gn

TL N

TL GN

- Ta dng will khi quyt nh lm iu g vo

lc ni, khng quyt nh trc.
Ex:
Tom: My bicycle has a flat tyre. Can you repair
it for me?
Father: Okay, but I can't do it right now. I will
repair it tomorrow.

- Ta dng be going to khi quyt nh lm

iu g ri, ln lch sn lm ri.
Ex:
Mother: Can you repair Tom's bicycle? It has a
flat type.
Father: Yes, I know. He told me. I'm going to
repair it tomorrow.

IV. Du hiu nhn bit:

TL N
tomorrow
next day/week/month...
someday
soon
as soon as
until...
...

TL TIP DIN

at
at
at
at

this time tomorrow

this moment next year
present next Friday
5 p.m tomorrow...

TL GN
xc nh c th tng lai gn,
cn da vo ng cnh v cc
bng chng hin ti.