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REFERENCEWORKS

DECISION
OfficialJournalofIndianInstituteofManagementCalcutta
EditorinChief:R.RajeshBabu
ISSN:03040941(printversion)
ISSN:21971722(electronicversion)
Journalno.40622

RECOMMENDTOLIBRARIAN

ABOUTTHISJOURNAL

EDITORIALBOARD

SOCIETY

INSTRUCTIONSFORAUTHORS

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MANUSCRIPTSUBMISSION

ManuscriptSubmission
Submissionofamanuscriptimplies:thattheworkdescribedhasnotbeenpublishedbefore
thatitisnotunderconsiderationforpublicationanywhereelsethatitspublicationhasbeen
approvedbyallcoauthors,ifany,aswellasbytheresponsibleauthoritiestacitlyorexplicitly
attheinstitutewheretheworkhasbeencarriedout.Thepublisherwillnotbeheldlegally
responsibleshouldtherebeanyclaimsforcompensation.

Permissions
Authorswishingtoincludefigures,tables,ortextpassagesthathavealreadybeenpublished
elsewherearerequiredtoobtainpermissionfromthecopyrightowner(s)forboththeprintand
onlineformatandtoincludeevidencethatsuchpermissionhasbeengrantedwhensubmitting
theirpapers.Anymaterialreceivedwithoutsuchevidencewillbeassumedtooriginatefrom
theauthors.

OnlineSubmission
PleasefollowthehyperlinkSubmitonlineontherightanduploadallofyourmanuscriptfiles
followingtheinstructionsgivenonthescreen.
TITLEPAGE

TitlePage
Thetitlepageshouldinclude:
Thename(s)oftheauthor(s)
Aconciseandinformativetitle
Theaffiliation(s)andaddress(es)oftheauthor(s)
Theemailaddress,telephoneandfaxnumbersofthecorrespondingauthor

Abstract
Pleaseprovideanabstractof150to250words.Theabstractshouldnotcontainany
undefinedabbreviationsorunspecifiedreferences.

Keywords
Pleaseprovide4to6keywordswhichcanbeusedforindexingpurposes.
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TEXT

TextFormatting
ManuscriptsshouldbesubmittedinWord.
Useanormal,plainfont(e.g.,10pointTimesRoman)fortext.
Useitalicsforemphasis.
Usetheautomaticpagenumberingfunctiontonumberthepages.
Donotusefieldfunctions.
Usetabstopsorothercommandsforindents,notthespacebar.
Usethetablefunction,notspreadsheets,tomaketables.
UsetheequationeditororMathTypeforequations.
Saveyourfileindocxformat(Word2007orhigher)ordocformat(olderWord
versions).
ManuscriptswithmathematicalcontentcanalsobesubmittedinLaTeX.
LaTeXmacropackage(zip,182kB)

Headings
Pleaseusenomorethanthreelevelsofdisplayedheadings.

Abbreviations
Abbreviationsshouldbedefinedatfirstmentionandusedconsistentlythereafter.

Footnotes
Footnotescanbeusedtogiveadditionalinformation,whichmayincludethecitationofa
referenceincludedinthereferencelist.Theyshouldnotconsistsolelyofareferencecitation,
andtheyshouldneverincludethebibliographicdetailsofareference.Theyshouldalsonot
containanyfiguresortables.
Footnotestothetextarenumberedconsecutivelythosetotablesshouldbeindicatedby
superscriptlowercaseletters(orasterisksforsignificancevaluesandotherstatisticaldata).
Footnotestothetitleortheauthorsofthearticlearenotgivenreferencesymbols.
Alwaysusefootnotesinsteadofendnotes.

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Acknowledgments
Acknowledgmentsofpeople,grants,funds,etc.shouldbeplacedinaseparatesectiononthe
titlepage.Thenamesoffundingorganizationsshouldbewritteninfull.
SCIENTIFICSTYLE

Pleaseusethestandardmathematicalnotationforformulae,symbolsetc.:
Italicforsinglelettersthatdenotemathematicalconstants,variables,andunknown
quantities
Roman/uprightfornumerals,operators,andpunctuation,andcommonlydefined
functionsorabbreviations,e.g.,cos,det,eorexp,lim,log,max,min,sin,tan,d(for
derivative)
Boldforvectors,tensors,andmatrices.
REFERENCES

Citation
Referencecitationsinthetextshouldbeidentifiedbynumbersinsquarebrackets.Some
examples:
1.Negotiationresearchspansmanydisciplines[3].
2.ThisresultwaslatercontradictedbyBeckerandSeligman[5].
3.Thiseffecthasbeenwidelystudied[13,7].

Referencelist
Thelistofreferencesshouldonlyincludeworksthatarecitedinthetextandthathavebeen
publishedoracceptedforpublication.Personalcommunicationsandunpublishedworks
shouldonlybementionedinthetext.Donotusefootnotesorendnotesasasubstitutefora
referencelist.
Theentriesinthelistshouldbenumberedconsecutively.
Journalarticle
Hamburger,C.:Quasimonotonicity,regularityanddualityfornonlinearsystemsof
partialdifferentialequations.Ann.Mat.PuraAppl.169,321354(1995)
ArticlebyDOI
Sajti,C.L.,Georgio,S.,Khodorkovsky,V.,Marine,W.:Newnanohybridmaterialsfor
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biophotonics.Appl.Phys.A(2007).doi:10.1007/s003390074137z
Book
Geddes,K.O.,Czapor,S.R.,Labahn,G.:AlgorithmsforComputerAlgebra.Kluwer,
Boston(1992)
Bookchapter
Broy,M.:Softwareengineeringfromauxiliarytokeytechnologies.In:Broy,M.,
Denert,E.(eds.)SoftwarePioneers,pp.1013.Springer,Heidelberg(2002)
Onlinedocument
Cartwright,J.:Bigstarshaveweathertoo.IOPPublishingPhysicsWeb.
http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/11/6/16/1(2007).Accessed26June2007
AlwaysusethestandardabbreviationofajournalsnameaccordingtotheISSNListofTitle
WordAbbreviations,see
ISSN.orgLTWA
Ifyouareunsure,pleaseusethefulljournaltitle.
ForauthorsusingEndNote,Springerprovidesanoutputstylethatsupportstheformattingofin
textcitationsandreferencelist.
EndNotestyle(zip,2kB)
TABLES

AlltablesaretobenumberedusingArabicnumerals.
Tablesshouldalwaysbecitedintextinconsecutivenumericalorder.
Foreachtable,pleasesupplyatablecaption(title)explainingthecomponentsof
thetable.
Identifyanypreviouslypublishedmaterialbygivingtheoriginalsourceintheform
ofareferenceattheendofthetablecaption.
Footnotestotablesshouldbeindicatedbysuperscriptlowercaseletters(or
asterisksforsignificancevaluesandotherstatisticaldata)andincludedbeneath
thetablebody.
ARTWORKANDILLUSTRATIONSGUIDELINES

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ElectronicFigureSubmission
Supplyallfigureselectronically.
Indicatewhatgraphicsprogramwasusedtocreatetheartwork.
Forvectorgraphics,thepreferredformatisEPSforhalftones,pleaseuseTIFF
format.MSOfficefilesarealsoacceptable.
Vectorgraphicscontainingfontsmusthavethefontsembeddedinthefiles.
Nameyourfigurefileswith"Fig"andthefigurenumber,e.g.,Fig1.eps.

LineArt

Definition:Blackandwhitegraphicwithnoshading.
Donotusefaintlinesand/orletteringandcheckthatalllinesandletteringwithin
thefiguresarelegibleatfinalsize.
Alllinesshouldbeatleast0.1mm(0.3pt)wide.
Scannedlinedrawingsandlinedrawingsinbitmapformatshouldhaveaminimum
resolutionof1200dpi.
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Vectorgraphicscontainingfontsmusthavethefontsembeddedinthefiles.

HalftoneArt
Definition:Photographs,drawings,orpaintingswithfineshading,
etc.
Ifanymagnificationisusedinthephotographs,indicatethisby
usingscalebarswithinthefiguresthemselves.
Halftonesshouldhaveaminimumresolutionof300dpi.

CombinationArt

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Definition:acombinationofhalftoneandlineart,e.g.,halftonescontainingline
drawing,extensivelettering,colordiagrams,etc.
Combinationartworkshouldhaveaminimumresolutionof600dpi.

ColorArt
Colorartisfreeofchargeforonlinepublication.
Ifblackandwhitewillbeshownintheprintversion,makesurethatthemain
informationwillstillbevisible.Manycolorsarenotdistinguishablefromone
anotherwhenconvertedtoblackandwhite.Asimplewaytocheckthisistomakea
xerographiccopytoseeifthenecessarydistinctionsbetweenthedifferentcolors
arestillapparent.
Ifthefigureswillbeprintedinblackandwhite,donotrefertocolorinthecaptions.
ColorillustrationsshouldbesubmittedasRGB(8bitsperchannel).

FigureLettering
Toaddlettering,itisbesttouseHelveticaorArial(sansseriffonts).
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Keepletteringconsistentlysizedthroughoutyourfinalsizedartwork,usuallyabout
23mm(812pt).
Varianceoftypesizewithinanillustrationshouldbeminimal,e.g.,donotuse8pt
typeonanaxisand20pttypefortheaxislabel.
Avoideffectssuchasshading,outlineletters,etc.
Donotincludetitlesorcaptionswithinyourillustrations.

FigureNumbering
AllfiguresaretobenumberedusingArabicnumerals.
Figuresshouldalwaysbecitedintextinconsecutivenumericalorder.
Figurepartsshouldbedenotedbylowercaseletters(a,b,c,etc.).
Ifanappendixappearsinyourarticleanditcontainsoneormorefigures,continue
theconsecutivenumberingofthemaintext.Donotnumbertheappendixfigures,
"A1,A2,A3,etc."Figuresinonlineappendices(ElectronicSupplementaryMaterial)
should,however,benumberedseparately.

FigureCaptions
Eachfigureshouldhaveaconcisecaptiondescribingaccuratelywhatthefigure
depicts.Includethecaptionsinthetextfileofthemanuscript,notinthefigurefile.
FigurecaptionsbeginwiththetermFig.inboldtype,followedbythefigurenumber,
alsoinboldtype.
Nopunctuationistobeincludedafterthenumber,norisanypunctuationtobe
placedattheendofthecaption.
Identifyallelementsfoundinthefigureinthefigurecaptionanduseboxes,circles,
etc.,ascoordinatepointsingraphs.
Identifypreviouslypublishedmaterialbygivingtheoriginalsourceintheformofa
referencecitationattheendofthefigurecaption.

FigurePlacementandSize
Figuresshouldbesubmittedseparatelyfromthetext,ifpossible.
Whenpreparingyourfigures,sizefigurestofitinthecolumnwidth.
Formostjournalsthefiguresshouldbe39mm,84mm,129mm,or174mmwide
andnothigherthan234mm.
Forbooksandbooksizedjournals,thefiguresshouldbe80mmor122mmwide
andnothigherthan198mm.
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Permissions
Ifyouincludefiguresthathavealreadybeenpublishedelsewhere,youmustobtain
permissionfromthecopyrightowner(s)forboththeprintandonlineformat.Pleasebeaware
thatsomepublishersdonotgrantelectronicrightsforfreeandthatSpringerwillnotbeableto
refundanycoststhatmayhaveoccurredtoreceivethesepermissions.Insuchcases,material
fromothersourcesshouldbeused.

Accessibility
Inordertogivepeopleofallabilitiesanddisabilitiesaccesstothecontentofyourfigures,
pleasemakesurethat
Allfigureshavedescriptivecaptions(blinduserscouldthenuseatexttospeech
softwareoratexttoBraillehardware)
Patternsareusedinsteadoforinadditiontocolorsforconveyinginformation
(colorblinduserswouldthenbeabletodistinguishthevisualelements)
Anyfigureletteringhasacontrastratioofatleast4.5:1
ELECTRONICSUPPLEMENTARYMATERIAL

Springeracceptselectronicmultimediafiles(animations,movies,audio,etc.)andother
supplementaryfilestobepublishedonlinealongwithanarticleorabookchapter.Thisfeature
canadddimensiontotheauthor'sarticle,ascertaininformationcannotbeprintedorismore
convenientinelectronicform.

Submission
Supplyallsupplementarymaterialinstandardfileformats.
Pleaseincludeineachfilethefollowinginformation:articletitle,journalname,
authornamesaffiliationandemailaddressofthecorrespondingauthor.
Toaccommodateuserdownloads,pleasekeepinmindthatlargersizedfilesmay
requireverylongdownloadtimesandthatsomeusersmayexperienceother
problemsduringdownloading.

Audio,Video,andAnimations
Resolution:16:9or4:3
Maximumfilesize:25GB
Minimumvideoduration:1sec
Supportedfileformats:avi,wmv,mp4,mov,m2p,mp2,mpg,mpeg,flv,mxf,mts,
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m4v,3gp

TextandPresentations
SubmityourmaterialinPDFformat.docor.pptfilesarenotsuitableforlongterm
viability.
AcollectionoffiguresmayalsobecombinedinaPDFfile.

Spreadsheets
SpreadsheetsshouldbeconvertedtoPDFifnointeractionwiththedatais
intended.
Ifthereadersshouldbeencouragedtomaketheirowncalculations,spreadsheets
shouldbesubmittedas.xlsfiles(MSExcel).

SpecializedFormats
Specializedformatsuchas.pdb(chemical),.wrl(VRML),.nb(Mathematica
notebook),and.texcanalsobesupplied.

CollectingMultipleFiles
Itispossibletocollectmultiplefilesina.zipor.gzfile.

Numbering
Ifsupplyinganysupplementarymaterial,thetextmustmakespecificmentionofthe
materialasacitation,similartothatoffiguresandtables.
RefertothesupplementaryfilesasOnlineResource,e.g.,"...asshowninthe
animation(OnlineResource3)",...additionaldataaregiveninOnlineResource
4.
Namethefilesconsecutively,e.g.ESM_3.mpg,ESM_4.pdf.

Captions
Foreachsupplementarymaterial,pleasesupplyaconcisecaptiondescribingthe
contentofthefile.

Processingofsupplementaryfiles
Electronicsupplementarymaterialwillbepublishedasreceivedfromtheauthor
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withoutanyconversion,editing,orreformatting.

Accessibility
Inordertogivepeopleofallabilitiesanddisabilitiesaccesstothecontentofyour
supplementaryfiles,pleasemakesurethat
Themanuscriptcontainsadescriptivecaptionforeachsupplementarymaterial
Videofilesdonotcontainanythingthatflashesmorethanthreetimespersecond
(sothatuserspronetoseizurescausedbysucheffectsarenotputatrisk)
DOESSPRINGERPROVIDEENGLISHLANGUAGESUPPORT?

Manuscriptsthatareacceptedforpublicationwillbecheckedbyourcopyeditorsforspelling
andformalstyle.ThismaynotbesufficientifEnglishisnotyournativelanguageand
substantialeditingwouldberequired.Inthatcase,youmaywanttohaveyourmanuscript
editedbyanativespeakerpriortosubmission.Aclearandconciselanguagewillhelpeditors
andreviewersconcentrateonthescientificcontentofyourpaperandthussmooththepeer
reviewprocess.
Thefollowingeditingserviceprovideslanguageeditingforscientificarticlesinallareas
Springer
publishesin:
EdanzEnglisheditingforscientists
Useofaneditingserviceisneitherarequirementnoraguaranteeofacceptancefor
publication.
Pleasecontacttheeditingservicedirectlytomakearrangementsforeditingandpayment.
EdanzEnglisheditingforscientists

ForAuthorsfromChina
Springer

Springer

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ForAuthorsfromJapan

Edanz

ForAuthorsfromKorea
Edanz
.,
EdanzEditingGlobal
.
EdanzEditingGlobal
AFTERACCEPTANCE

UponacceptanceofyourarticleyouwillreceivealinktothespecialAuthorQueryApplication
atSpringerswebpagewhereyoucanindicatewhetheryouwishtoorderoffprints,orprinting
offiguresincolor.OncetheAuthorQueryApplicationhasbeencompleted,yourarticlewillbe
processedandyouwillreceivetheproofs.
Copyrighttransfer
AuthorswillbeaskedtotransfercopyrightofthearticletotheSociety.Thiswillensurethe
widestpossibleprotectionanddisseminationofinformationundercopyrightlaws.
Offprints
Offprintscanbeorderedbythecorrespondingauthor.
Colorillustrations
Onlinepublicationofcolorillustrationsisfreeofcharge.Forcolorintheprintversion,authors
willbeexpectedtomakeacontributiontowardstheextracosts.
Proofreading
Thepurposeoftheproofistocheckfortypesettingorconversionerrorsandthecompleteness
andaccuracyofthetext,tablesandfigures.Substantialchangesincontent,e.g.,newresults,
correctedvalues,titleandauthorship,arenotallowedwithouttheapprovaloftheEditor.After
onlinepublication,furtherchangescanonlybemadeintheformofanErratum,whichwillbe
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hyperlinkedtothearticle.
OnlineFirst
Thearticlewillbepublishedonlineafterreceiptofthecorrectedproofs.Thisistheofficialfirst
publicationcitablewiththeDOI.Afterreleaseoftheprintedversion,thepapercanalsobe
citedbyissueandpagenumbers.

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PleasesendmeinformationonnewSpringer
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