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On
03/05/2014
Construction
Health and Safety
Manual
Licensed copy from CIS: mottmac, Mott Macdonald Ltd, 03/05/2014, Uncontrolled Copy.
Volume 1
Section 2
Training for Health
and Safety
Published by:
Construction Industry Publications Limited
Licensed copy from CIS: mottmac, Mott Macdonald Ltd, 03/05/2014, Uncontrolled Copy.
Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Specific requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Who should receive the training? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Who should provide the training?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Induction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Toolbox talks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
First line supervisor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Site management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Health and Safety professionals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Safety representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Industry recognised schemes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Construction Skills Certification Scheme (CSCS). . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Applying for CSCS Cards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CSCS SmartCards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Health, Safety and Environment Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Migrant Workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
National Vocational Qualifications (NVQ/SVQs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
The Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF). . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Construction Plant Competence Scheme (CPCS). . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Lift Trucks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme (CISRS). . . 8
Demolition operatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Asbestos workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Gas workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Appendix 1 Information that should be given
during a site induction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendix 2 Occupations covered by CSCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendix 3 Plant currently covered by CPCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Whilst every care has been taken to ensure accuracy within this work, no liability whatsoever is accepted by Construction Health and Safety, its sponsoring organisations or their
advisers in respect of the information given. No material from this book may be reproduced in any shape or form without written permission from the publishers.
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Introduction
The construction industry is labour intensive and as such should
regard its staff as one of its major resources. It is important that
when improving the quality of the industry, the skills and the
knowledge of its personnel are also improved. Successive studies
carried out by the Health & Safety Executive have concluded that
a significant factor in the cause of accidents is a lack of training of
the people involved.
Training for health and safety should form part of the overall
management system within any company. There are different
types and levels of health and safety training, and health and
safety training is often an integral part of trade or management
training. In addition to providing appropriate training it is also
necessary to ensure that the training has been absorbed,
understood and is put into practice.
Appropriate training helps people acquire the skills, knowledge
and attitude that contribute towards making them competent in
the health and safety aspects of their work. Such training should
be supplemented by the application of skills and knowledge and
understanding of the activities involved and how they affect
themselves and others. This combination of training, skills and
knowledge leads to a level of competence and it is the level of
competence that is important when assessing an employees
capability to perform a particular task.
Specific Requirements
In general terms The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974
(HASAWA) imposes a duty on employers to ensure that employees
receive the necessary instruction, information and training to enable
them to perform their functions correctly. The Management of
Health and Safety at Work Regulations (MHSW) expand this
obligation. These Regulations establish more detailed requirements
linking training with the capability to perform a particular task. Under
the MHSW Regulations personnel must receive training on
induction i.e. when first recruited and also before they are exposed
to new or increased risks. These may be due to, for example, a
change of responsibility, change of work location, a change in
working methods or new equipment. The MHSW Regulations also
refer to the need for the training to be repeated periodically, where
necessary, and it must take place during working hours.
Other regulations also require training or a level of competence,
and these are usually related to specific activities e.g. the Provision
and Use of Work Equipment Regulations, the Control of Lead at
Work Regulations, the Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations,
First Aid at Work Regulations, Construction Design and
Management (CDM) Regulations etc.
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Induction
An induction should not be considered as training, but more of a
familiarisation session prior to starting work in a new environment.
Induction to a construction environment should take place before
a person is permitted to work on site and should cover site and
project specific information. Appendix 1 contains information that
should be given during a site induction.
Operatives should be advised of the role that they have to play
to ensure that appropriate standards of health and safety are
maintained and how to communicate any issues regarding health
and safety on the project or site.
Induction sessions are ideal opportunities for reviewing the
qualifications held by those due to work on the site and identifying
if they are appropriate for the activity that is to be carried out.
Toolbox Talks
Although not training, toolbox talks are an extremely useful means
of updating and refreshing previous training that has been
received. Toolbox talks are usually specific to a particular activity
or subject and are of short duration (30-60 minutes).
CITB has produced a selection of cards for use as prompts
when carrying out toolbox talks which are available from
www.cskills.org/supportbusiness/publications.
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Site Management
Site management includes project managers, site agents,
engineers, works managers and general foremen. Where contract
managers spend significant time on site management duties,
their training requirements will be similar and there are a variety of
courses available.
CITB runs a five day Construction Site Management Safety
Training Scheme (SMSTS). This requires successful completion of
the 37 hour course with a training provider accredited by CITB
and an examination in which course members are required to
reach, or exceed, a minimum level of achievement.
The course can be taken over a period of five consecutive
days, as day release for one day, for five weeks, or in exceptional
circumstances, by three-and-a-half hour sessions for 14 nights.
The Institution of Occupational Safety and Health (IOSH) also runs
a four day course Managing safely suitable for site management.
Such courses cover:
an introduction to health and safety management
the responsibilities of managers and supervisors
measuring, monitoring and auditing health and safety performance
the provision of information and training
the control of hazards and risks
Health and safety training for site managers should include the
following:
An understanding of the general duties under HASAWA,
together with knowledge of the requirements of the MHSW
and CDM Regulations
Information on the powers of inspectors and the penalties
which might be imposed for breach of statutory duty
The range of health and safety legislation relating to the work
being carried out and of other sources of information which
may support or explain that legislation
Obligations under civil law
Accidents and accident prevention - a comprehensive
understanding of the types of accident which occur on site.
The techniques, which can be applied at site level in order to
minimise those risks, should be covered in some detail. An
understanding of the costs of accidents will be of value
Accident reporting procedures - a comprehensive understanding
of incident/accident reporting procedures and the use of the
new RIDDOR (Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous
Occurrences Regulations) online reporting system
Health and safety planning - a comprehensive understanding
of the concept and practice of risk assessment as part of the
overall health & safety planning of site activities
CDM - the legal standing and detailed content of a health and
safety plan must be fully understood by those who will represent
the principal contractor under the CDM Regulations
Effective methods of implementing and enforcing measures
aimed to ensure the health and safety of workers and others.
This will include the management of sub-contractors and their
interface with others on site, establishing lines of communication
so that health and safety matters can be raised at the
appropriate time and level
Site inspection skills so that effective monitoring of health and
safety provision can be undertaken and effective methods of
rectification can be understood
An understanding of the skills and training required by the
personnel on site, whether they are directly employed or subcontracted
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Safety representatives
The Safety Representatives and Safety Committees Regulations
1977 require employers to give employees, appointed as safety
representatives by recognised trades unions, such time off with
pay as is necessary for training in their functions as safety
representatives.
The TUC has taken the initiative by developing a scheme of
training the syllabus of which has been programmed in courses
of either five or ten days duration. These courses contain a strong
emphasis on industrial relations procedures, safety legislation
and safety practices.
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June 2013
the job Experience (normally at least one year in the last three)
but missed the industry accreditation opportunity, does not
hold NVQ/SVQ level 3, 4 or 5 or is not a member of a
professional body.
A red card - Experienced Worker - is for everyone who has
passed the Health, Safety and Environment test and has
experience within the construction industry but no formal
qualifications. Applicants must provide proof that they have at
least one-years on-site experience in the last three years and
register for an NVQ/SVQ level 2 or 3. Cards are currently valid
for one year (trades) or three years (technical or manager) and
cannot be renewed.
A red graduate card is for those who have passed the Health,
Safety and Environment test and have graduate or equivalent
membership of an Approved Professional Body. A list of these
bodies can be viewed at www.cscs.uk.com/professions
A blue card - Skilled Worker - shows that the person has
achieved an NVQ/SVQ Level 2 or equivalent or holds an
experienced worker card.
A blue card - Craft Unit Level card - is for occupations where a
full NVQ/SVQ does not exist, but trade specific units do.
A gold card - Skilled Worker - shows that the person has
achieved an NVQ/SVQ Level 3 or equivalent or has supervisory
status.
A gold card - Supervisor - is available for supervisory and
technical occupations only.
A black card shows that the person has achieved an NVQ/
SVQ Level 4/5 or equivalent and has managerial status.
A PQP card (white and yellow) shows that the person is a
corporate or equivalent member of an Approved Professional
Body and has passed the Managerial and Professional Health,
Safety and Environment test.
The scope of the PQP card has just recently been redefined, and
no longer has a time spent on site restriction placed on it.
CSCS SmartCards
In 2010 CSCS started issuing cards that included smartchips and
all new CSCS cards are now SmartCards. The smartchips contain
the information that is held about cardholders on the CSCS
database and it can be accessed using card readers or
smartphones that have NFC technology. The aim of adding this
facility is to improve safety and security by making card checking
to ensure that cards are genuine and valid both easier and
quicker.
CSCS SmartCards can also be used to act as a key to
contractors, and others, databases so that the cards can be used
for a wide variety of applications such as recording training and
induction data, attendance at toolbox talks and even as access
control cards. There is more information at www.cscs.uk.com/
smartcard
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delivery infrastructure.
All tests last for 45 minutes and have 50 multiple-choice
questions including:
12 behavioural case study questions about how an individual
should behave on a construction site to stay healthy and safe
38 knowledge questions to check the knowledge of health,
safety and environment issues. Core areas include:
A - Legal and management
B - Health and Welfare
C - General Safety
D - High risk activities
E - Environment
Different tests have been developed to meet the demands of
different trades and professions and candidates need to make
sure that they take and prepare for the right one. The following
tests are available:
Operative test - including the behavioural case studies and the
five core knowledge sections
Specialist test - including the behavioural case studies, the five
core knowledge sections and relevant specialist knowledge
questions from the following specialist activities: supervisory /
demolition / plumbing or gas / highway works / specialist
work at height / lifts and escalators / tunnelling / HVACR heating and plumbing services (HAPS) / HVACR - pipefitting
and welding (PFW) / HVACR - Ductwork (DUCT) / HVACR refrigeration and air conditioning (RAAC) / HVACR - services
and facilities maintenance (SAF)
Managerial and professionals test
Candidates will be informed immediately after the test whether
they have passed or not and will receive a pass letter. Test
NVQ
Vocational
Equivalent
Competence
Level 1
Foundation Skills
Level 2
Operative Or
Semi-Skilled
Level 3
Technician, Craft,
Skilled And
Supervisory
Level 4
Technical And
Junior
Management
Level 5
Chartered,
Professional And
Senior
Management
Level 1
NVQ Level 1
Level 1 vocational award
GCSE grades D - G
Level 2
Level 3
A Levels
Advanced National Certificate in Education
BTEC National Certificate/ Diploma
Level 4
Licentiate (LCGI)
Higher Professional Diploma
Level 4 vocational (NVQ/VRO/QCF)
Level 5
Level 6
Graduateship (GCGI)
Associate (ACGI)
ILM QCF qualifications
Batchelors Degree
Graduate Certificate or Diploma
Level 7
Membership (MCGI)
Master Professional Diploma
ILM QCF qualifications
Level 8
Fellowship (FCGI)
Doctorate
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Migrant Workers
Migrant workers should be qualified to the same standards as the
domestic workforce and will need to pass the Health, Safety and
Environment Test and qualify for an appropriate skills card using
the same process as UK workers.
Employers have a legal obligation to ensure all workers remain
safe on site and this can be more challenging when employing
migrant workers. In addition to assessing the risk to the workforce
in the normal way, employers should also consider the differences
in construction processes, culture, legislation and materials
between countries, when assigning work to migrant workers.
Additional support that can be provided includes:
Making use of multilingual publications
Putting workers on additional health & safety courses
Undertaking formal inductions
Carrying out Tool Box Talks on key health and safety issues
Encouraging migrant workers to attend English (ESOL)
classes
Considering possible technical differences between the UK
and the home country when briefing workers
Translating key documents into relevant languages
Using interpreters if workers do not speak or understand
English.
The Health & Safety Executive (HSE) has a Migrant Worker
microsite with content dedicated to employers that is available in
several languages www.hse.gov.uk/migrantworkers/. The HSE
also provides guidance on Health & Safety legislation through its
website www.hse.gov.uk. There are many publications available in
several languages.
June 2013
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Lift Trucks
Asbestos workers
Demolition
The Certificate of Competence of Demolition Operatives (CCDO)
scheme is affiliated to CSCS and administered by the National
Demolition Training Group. All card holders must pass the
demolition or demolition and plant health and safety test.
The scheme covers the following occupations: Demolition Site Operative (Trainee)
Demolition, Reclamation and Refurbishment Operative
Demolition Experienced Worker (Topman)
Demolition Operative (Topman)
Demolition Supervisor
Demolition Manager
Demolition Plant Red Trained Operator Card Valid For 2 Years
Demolition Plant Blue Competence Card
For full details on the requirements of each card level and
occupation go to www.ndtg.org/card_scheme
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Gas Workers
All businesses whether employers or self-employed people who
carry out gas work within the scope of the Gas Safety (Installation
and Use) regulations 1998, must be registered with Gas Safe
Register which replaced CORGI from 1st August 2009. All
engineers who will be undertaking gas work for that business
(engineers listed against the registration) must hold valid evidence
of competence.
The evidence of competence accepted by Gas Safe Register,
which must be less than 5 years old, includes:
National Accredited Certification Scheme (ACS) for individual
Gas Fitting Operatives
Accredited Certification Scheme (ACS) aligned Diplomas or
National/Scottish Vocational Qualifications NVQ/SVQ
(ACS is only available for experienced gas engineers).
Diplomas/NVQ/SVQs
- The installation and maintenance of domestic natural gas
at levels 2 and 3
As a minimum requirement any registration application will
need to include a minimum of one engineer, holding a relevant
domestic core ACS or an aligned gas services qualification, and
for non-domestic a relevant core assessment plus one other ACS
category. Qualifications are offered by the following Awarding
Organisations: City & Guilds, EAL, BPEC and Logic Certification.
June 2013
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Black
Visitors Card
June 2013
Two types of Visitors Card are also available for CSCS. They
provide an aid to controlling access to Construction Sites for
regular and for occasional site visitors whose occupations are not
covered by other cards in the CSCS range.
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June 2013
Affiliates
o Demolition Operative - tel: 0844 826 8385 www.ndtg.co.uk
o Electricians - English, Welsh and Northern Irish tel: 0844 847
5098 www.ecscard.org.uk
o Electricians - Scottish tel: 0131 445 9216 www.sjib.org.uk
o Engineering Construction - tel: 01923 260000 www.ecitb.org.
uk/cardschemes/ACE
o Heating & Ventilating - tel: 01768 860406 www.skillcard.org.uk
o Northern Irish applicants - tel: 028 9087 7150 www.cefni.co.uk
o Plant Operator - tel: 0844 815 7274 www.cskills.org/cpcs
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o Amenity Manager
o Arborist Manager
o Architect
o Architectural Technologist
o Asbestos Removal (Contracts Manager)
o Building Control Officer
o Building Control Surveyor
o Building Maintenance &Estates Manager
o Building Services Engineer
o Building Site Manager
o Building Site Manager (Conservation)
o Building Surveyor
o Civil & Structural Engineering Designer
o Civil Engineering Site Manager
o Clerk of Works
o Communications Technology Manager
o Conservation Consultant
o Conservation Controller
o Conservation Technician
o Conservator
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Code
Description
Endorsements
A02
Crawler Crane
A: Superseded by A66d
B: Over 10 tonnes
A04
A: Trolley Jib
Tower Crane
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B: Luffing Jib
A05
Dragline
A06
A09
A: Wheeled
A10
A12
A14
A15
A16
A17
Telescopic Handler
B: Tracked
A: Industrial Telescopic
B: Up to 9 metres
A18
Reach Truck
A19
Grader
A20
Hoist
B: Passenger/Goods combined
D: Transport platform
A21
A22
A23
A24
Motorised Scraper
A25
A26
A27
A30
A31
Ride on Roller
A32
Soil/Landfill Compactor
A33
Agricultural Tractor
A34
Crawler - Tractor/Dozer
A35
A36
Lorry Loader
A: Vehicle Mounted
B: Self-propelled
A: Hook
B: Clamshell Bucket
C: Hydraulic Clamp
A37
Trencher
A39
Skip Handler
A40
Slinger/Signaller
June 2013
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Code
Description
A41
Loader - Compressor
A42
Crusher
A43
Screener
A44
A45
A46
A47
A48
A49
Endorsements
A: Non-LGV
B: LGV
A50
Loader/Securer (STGO)
A51
Road/Rail Excavator R
oad/Rail competence cards are now managed by NCCA - Sentinel scheme www.ncca-sentinel.co.uk
A52
Road/Rail Excavator/Crane
A53
A54
A55
A56
A: Up to 15 tonnes
B: All sizes
A57
A: Up to 15 tonnes
B: Up to 50 tonnes
A58
A: Tracked
B: Wheeled
A59
A: Tracked
B: Wheeled
C: Lifting Operations
A60
Mobile Crane
C: All duties
A61
A62
A63
A: Up to 36m - 100m/te
B: Inclined Jib
A65
A: Materials processing
Demolition Plant
B: Demolishing up to 15m
C: Demolishing up to 30m
A66
Compact Crane
A: Static stabilisers
B: Mobile Industrial
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A67
Tunnel Locomotive
A: Electric - Up to 10 tonnes
C: Diesel - Up to 10 tonnes
E: Tandem
A68
Plant Driving
All A68 endorsements are separate by chassis group but have senior endorsements within the chassis group. Loading/
unloading endorsement has the higher status.
A71
Soil Stabiliser
A: Self Propelled
B: Towed
A72
A: Up to 13 metres
B: All sizes
D90
A: Materials Processing
Demolition Plant
B: Up to 10 tonnes
C: Demolishing up to 15 metres
D: Demolishing up to 30 metres
D92
Demolition Operations
June 2013
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Section 2 Training for Health and Safety
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