Matrices, Vectors and Applications Homework

Section 3.2 Properties of Determinants

Problems 1(a, c), 2(a, c), 3(a, c), 4(a, c), 5, 6(a, c), 7(a, c), 8(a, c, e), 9(a, c, e), 10(a, c),
12(a, b), 13(a, c), 14a

Theorem 3.2
Let A be an n×n matrix and c be a nonzero scalar.
(a) If a matrix B is obtained from A by multiplying the elements of a row (column) by c thenB=cA.
(b) If a matrix B is obtained from A by interchanging two rows (columns) thenB=-A.
(c) If a matrix B is obtained from A by adding a multiple of one row (column) to another row (column),
thenB=A.

Theorem 3.3
Singular matrix A=0 Nonsingular matrix A≠0
Let A be a square matrix. A is singular if
(a) all the elements of a row (column) are zero.
(b) two rows (columns) are equal.
(c) two rows (columns) are proportional

Theorem 3.4
Let A and B be n×n matrices and c be a nonzero scalar.
(a) cA=cnA
(b) AB=AB
(c) At=A
(d) A-1=1A (Assuming A–1 exists)

The determinant of a triangular matrix is the product of its diagonal elements.

Row Operations
1. Simplify the determinants of the following matrices by creating zeros in a single row or column,
then evaluate the determinant by expanding in terms of that row or column.

(a) 123241111 (c) 21-13-1114-4

2. Simplify the determinants of the following matrices by creating zeros in a single row or column,
then evaluate the determinant by expanding in terms of that row or column.

(a) 2-1212-4312 (c) 1-23-36-9457

3. If A=1-1-320-4-112 then A can be expanded using cofactors to getA=-2.

Use this information, together with the properties of determinants, to compute the determinants of
the following matrices.

1
(a) 1-1-320-4-224 (c) 1-1-34-2-10-112

4. If A=852132-1-2-1 thenA=5.
Use this information, together with the row and column properties of determinants to compute
determinants of the following matrices.

(a) 825123-1-1-2 (c) 81-153-222-1

5.

Singular Matrices
6. The following matrices are singular because of certain column or row properties. Give the
reason.

(a) 1-23754000 (c) 1-240-13-36-12

7. The following matrices are singular because of certain column or row properties. Give the
reason.

(a) 790-230450 (c) 1-230413-69

Using Properties of Determinants

8. If A is a 2×2 matrix withA=3, use the properties of determinants to compute the following
determinants.

(a) 2A(c) A2(e) A2t

2
9. If A and B are 3×3 matrices andA=-3, B=2, compute the following determinants.

(a) AB (c) AtB(e) 2AB-1

10. If A=abcdefghiandA=3, compute the determinants of the following matrices.

(a) defghiabc (c) dfeacbgih

Triangular Matrices
12. Find the determinants of the following triangular matrices.

(a) 3960-12004 (b) 2510032-70051000-2

Elimination Method
13. Evaluate the following 3×3 determinants using the elimination method.

(a) 10-1212-111 (c) 238-2-3446-2

14. Evaluate the following 4×4 determinants using the elimination method.
(a) 2131-23-122123-4-20-1