THIT K B CHA DU TH

1.Gii thiu chung

Du m (du th) l hn hp lng ca cc cht hu c tch t thnh cc m trong
v tri t gia cc lp t . Thnh phn chnh ca du m l nhng
hydrocacbon lng, trong c ha tan, phn tn cc hydrocacbon kh,
hydrocacbon rn cng nh nhiu hp cht d nguyn t.
Du m l ngun nguyn liu, nhin liu v cng qu, gn nh khng ti sinh,
ng vai tr cc k quan trng trong hot ng kinh t, trong cuc sng con ngi.
Mi s bin ng trong cn cn cung cu du kh u lp tc nh hng nhiu n
mi lnh vc kinh t, n cc chnh sch kinh t x hi. Ngy nay du kh c coi
l ti nguyn chin lc s 1, chu s kim sot trc tip hoc dn tip ca quc
gia.
Cc thng s k thut ca du th khi tng tr:
Tng tr p sut kh quyn (1atm)
Nhit : 20C
Khi lng ring: 800kg/m

2.B cha du th
2.1. gii thiu
Trong cng nghip ha du, tt c cc hot ng sn xut, bun bn, tn tr u
lin quan n khu bn b cha.
Bn, b cha tip nhn nguyn liu trc khi a vo sn xut v tn tr sau
khi sn xut.
Bn, b cha c vai tr rt quan trng, n c nhim v: tn cha nguyn liu v
sn phm, gip ta nhn bit c s luwownhj tn tr. Ti y cc hot ng kim
tra cht lng, s lng, phn tch cc ch tiu trc khi xut hng u c thc
hin.

2.2. Phn loi bn cha du th

2.2.1. Theo chiu cao xy dng

B ngm: c t di mt t, thng s dng trong cc ca hng
bn l
B ni: c xy dng trn mt t, s dng cho c kho ln
B na ngm: Loi b c chiu cao chiu cao b nh ln mt t
B ngoi khi: c thit k ni trn mt nc, c th di chuyn t ni
ny sang ni khc
2.2.2, Theo p sut
B cao p: p sut chu ng trong b >200mmHg
B p lc trung bnh: p sut = 20 => 200mmHg
B p thng: p sut 20mmHg, ap dng cho b du nhn
2.2.3. Theo vt liu xy dng
B kim loi: lm bng thp, p dng cho hu ht cc b hin nay
B phi kim: lm bng vt liu nh: g, composite,nhng ch p dung
cho b nh
2.2.4. Theo hnh dng
B tr ng: s dng cho cc kho ln
B tr nm: thng chn xung t, p dng cho cc ca hng bn l
B hnh cu, git nc

2.3. Thit k tnh ton

V th tch du th tng i ln ln ta chon loi b tr ng tn cha.
Ngoi ra vic tn cha bng b tr ng s gip chng ta vn chuyn du th d
dng hn. ng thi t b trn mt t to th nng cho du vn chuyn n
cc v tri khc v d dng kim tra an ton v v sinh,
2.3.1. Tnh thn b chu p sut trong
Th tch du l: V=6000m
Chn th tch b ln hn th tch du 5%.V = 6300m

Ta c: H..D/4 = 6300
Chn D =14m . Vy H = 41m
Chn thp Ct 51 ta c. [ ] = 510/2,6 = 196,15
C P = 1 + (6000.0,8.4) / (10. .14) + 0.0245 = 3,12atm
C

[ ] / P > 25 nn

Smin = (14000.0,312) / (2.196,15) = 11,134mm

Chn Smin = 12mm c S = 12 + 0,05.20 = 13mm

C Smin / P < 0,1 nn [P] = (2.196,15.12) / (14000-12) = 3.36atm
Nn P / P <10%
Vy chn : D= 14m, H=41m, S=12mm
2.3.2. Tnh y np.
Chn t s: h/D = 0.25 nn R=D=14m
C

[ ]./P > 25

nn Smin = P.R / (2. [ ].) = 11,134mm

Vy chn S= Smin +C = 12 +1 = 13mm

Kim tra bn: Smin / D 0,125
Nn [ P ] = (2.196,15.1.12) / ( 14000 + 12 ) = 3,36atm
Vy chn y np c tiu chun: R = 14m, h = 3,5m , S = 12mm

2.4. Sn b cha
Chn loi sn epoxy-etilen. Loi sn ny cch nhit tt, hn ch ti a bc x
nhit ca mt tri. Sn cch nhit phi sn dy va sn phn nhit nn sn mu
sng bc.

2.4.Np b cha
Chn loi np di ng gim thiu ti a s bay hi ca du th.