The World Factbook - Canada

6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
ReportThreats
SearchCIA.gov...
Contact
SEARCH
English Franais Espaol More
HOME
ABOUT CIA
CAREERS & INTERNSHIPS
OFFICES OF CIA
NEWS & INFORMATION
LIBRARY
KIDS' ZONE
Library
Library
Publications
Home
Library
Publications
TheWorldFactbook
TheWorld
Factbook
WorldLeaders
CIAMaps
CenterfortheStudyof
Intelligence
Freedomof
InformationAct
ElectronicReading
Room
Pleaseselectacountrytoview
ABOUT
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
FAQs
CONTACT
NORTHAMERICA:: CANADA
PAGELASTUPDATEDONJUNE11,2015
KentCenter
OccasionalPapers
IntelligenceLiterature:
SuggestedReading
List
Reports
VideoCenter
RelatedLinks
VIEW3 3 P H O TO S OF
C ANADA
OpenAll
CloseAll
Introduction:: CANADA
Background:
Alandofv as tdis tanc es andr ic hnatur alr es our c es ,Canadabec ameas elf gov er ningdominionin1867,whiler etaining
ties totheBr itis hc r own.Ec onomic ally andtec hnologic ally ,thenationhas dev elopedinpar allelwiththeUS,its neighbor to
thes outhac r os s thewor ld's longes tunfor tifiedbor der .Canadafac es thepolitic alc hallenges ofmeetingpublic demands for
quality impr ov ements inhealthc ar e,educ ation,s oc ials er v ic es ,andec onomic c ompetitiv enes s ,as wellas r es pondingto
thepar tic ular c onc er ns ofpr edominantly fr anc ophoneQ uebec .Canadaals oaims todev elopits div er s eener gy r es our c es
whilemaintainingits c ommitmenttotheenv ir onment.
G eography:: CANADA
Location:
Nor ther nNor thAmer ic a,bor der ingtheNor thAtlantic O c eanontheeas t,Nor thPac ific O c eanonthewes t,andthe
Ar c tic O c eanonthenor th,nor thofthec onter minous US
Geographiccoordinates:
6000N,9500W
Mapreferences:
Nor thAmer ic a
Area:
total: 9,984,670s qk m
land: 9,093,507s qk m
water: 891,163s qk m
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworldfactbook/geos/ca.html
1/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
countrycomparisontotheworld: 2
Areacomparative:
s lightly lar ger thantheUS
Landboundaries:
total: 8,893k m
bordercountries(1): US8,893k m( inc ludes 2,477k mwithAlas k a)
note: Canadais thewor ld's lar ges tc ountr y thatbor der s only onec ountr y
Coastline:
202,080k m
Maritimeclaims:
territorialsea: 12nm
contiguouszone: 24nm
exclusiveeconomiczone: 200nm
continentalshelf: 200nmor totheedgeofthec ontinentalmar gin
Climate:
v ar ies fr omtemper ateins outhtos ubar c tic andar c tic innor th
Terrain:
mos tly plains withmountains inwes tandlowlands ins outheas t
Elevationextremes:
lowestpoint: Atlantic O c ean0m
highestpoint: MountLogan5,959m
Naturalresources:
ir onor e,nic k el,z inc ,c opper ,gold,lead,r ar eear thelements ,moly bdenum,potas h,diamonds ,s ilv er ,fis h,timber ,
wildlife,c oal,petr oleum,natur algas ,hy dr opower
Landuse:
agriculturalland: 6.8%
ar ableland4.7% per manentc r ops 0.5% per manentpas tur e1.6%
forest: 34.1%
other: 59.1% ( 2011es t.)
Irrigatedland:
8,699s qk m( 2004)
Totalrenewablewaterresources:
2,902c uk m( 2011)
Freshwaterwithdrawal(domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 42.2c uk m/y r ( 20% /70% /10% )
percapita: 1,589c um/y r ( 2010)
Naturalhazards:
c ontinuous per mafr os tinnor this as er ious obs tac letodev elopmentc y c lonic s tor ms for meas toftheRoc k y
Mountains ,ar es ultofthemix ingofair mas s es fr omtheAr c tic ,Pac ific ,andNor thAmer ic aninter ior ,andpr oduc emos tof
thec ountr y 's r ainands noweas tofthemountains
volcanism: thev as tmajor ity ofv olc anoes inWes ter nCanada's Coas tMountains r emaindor mant
Environmentcurrentissues:
metals melting,c oal bur ningutilities ,andv ehic leemis s ions impac tingonagr ic ultur alandfor es tpr oduc tiv ity air
pollutionandr es ultingac idr ains ev er ely affec tinglak es anddamagingfor es ts oc eanwater s bec omingc ontaminateddueto
agr ic ultur al,indus tr ial,mining,andfor es tr y ac tiv ities
Environmentinternationalagreements:
partyto: Air Pollution,Air Pollution Nitr ogenO x ides ,Air Pollution Per s is tentO r ganic Pollutants ,Air Pollution Sulfur
85,Air Pollution Sulfur 94,Antar c tic Env ir onmentalPr otoc ol,Antar c tic Mar ineLiv ingRes our c es ,Antar c tic Seals ,Antar c tic
T r eaty ,Biodiv er s ity ,ClimateChange,Des er tific ation,Endanger edSpec ies ,Env ir onmentalModific ation,Haz ar dous Was tes ,
LawoftheSea,Mar ineDumping,O z oneLay er Pr otec tion,ShipPollution,T r opic alT imber 83,T r opic alT imber 94,Wetlands
signed,butnotratified: Air Pollution VolatileO r ganic Compounds ,Mar ineLifeCons er v ation
Geographynote:
s ec ond lar ges tc ountr y inwor ld( after Rus s ia) andlar ges tintheAmer ic as s tr ategic loc ationbetweenRus s iaandUS
v ianor thpolar r outeappr ox imately 90% ofthepopulationis c onc entr atedwithin160k m( 100mi) oftheUSbor der Canada
has mor efr es hwater thanany other c ountr y andalmos t9% ofCanadianter r itor y is water Canadahas atleas t2million
andpos s ibly ov er 3millionlak es thatis mor ethanallother c ountr ies c ombined
PeopleandSociety:: CANADA
Nationality:
noun: Canadian( s )
adjective: Canadian
Ethnicgroups:
Canadian32.2% ,Englis h19.8% ,F r enc h15.5% ,Sc ottis h14.4% ,Ir is h13.8% ,G er man9.8% ,Italian4.5% ,Chines e
4.5% ,Nor thAmer ic anIndian4.2% ,other 50.9%
note: per c entages adduptomor ethan100% bec aus er es pondents wer eabletoidentify mor ethanoneethnic or igin( 2011
es t.)
Languages:
Englis h( offic ial) 58.7% ,F r enc h( offic ial) 22% ,Punjabi1.4% ,Italian1.3% ,Spanis h1.3% ,G er man1.3% ,Cantones e
1.2% ,T agalog1.2% ,Ar abic 1.1% ,other 10.5% ( 2011es t.)
Religions:
Catholic 40.6% ( inc ludes RomanCatholic 38.8% ,O r thodox 1.6% ,other Catholic .2% ) ,Pr otes tant20.3% ( inc ludes
UnitedChur c h6.1% ,Anglic an5% ,Baptis t1.9% ,Luther an1.5% ,Pentec os tal1.5% ,Pr es by ter ian1.4% ,other Pr otes tant
2.9% ) ,other Chr is tian6.3% ,Mus lim3.2% ,Hindu1.5% ,Sik h1.4% ,Buddhis t1.1% ,J ewis h1% ,other 0.6% ,none23.9%
( 2011es t.)
Population:
34,834,841( J uly 2014es t.)
Agestructure:
014years: 15.5% ( male2,764,691/female2,628,413)
2/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
2554years: 41% ( male7,244,109/female7,052,512)
65yearsandover: 17.3% ( male2,670,482/female3,348,434) ( 2014es t.)
populationpyramid:
Dependencyratios:
totaldependencyratio: 47.2%
youthdependencyratio: 24.2%
elderlydependencyratio: 22.9%
potentialsupportratio: 4.4% ( 2014es t.)
Medianage:
total: 41.7y ear s
male: 40.4y ear s
female: 42.9y ear s ( 2014es t.)
Populationgrowthrate:
0.76% ( 2014es t.)
Birthrate:
10.29bir ths /1,000population( 2014es t.)
Deathrate:
8.31deaths /1,000population( 2014es t.)
Netmigrationrate:
5.66migr ant( s ) /1,000population( 2014es t.)
Urbanization:
urbanpopulation: 81.6% oftotalpopulation( 2014)
rateofurbanization: 1.22% annualr ateofc hange( 2010 15es t.)
Majorurbanareaspopulation:
T or onto5.901millionMontr eal3.948millionVanc ouv er 2.447millionCalgar y 1.309millionO T T AWA( c apital) 1.306
millionEdmonton1.246million( 2014)
Sexratio:
atbirth: 1.06male( s ) /female
014years: 1.05male( s ) /female
65yearsandover: 0.79male( s ) /female
totalpopulation: 0.99male( s ) /female( 2014es t.)
Mother'smeanageatfirstbirth:
28.1( 2011es t.)
Maternalmortalityrate:
11deaths /100,000liv ebir ths ( 2013es t.)
Infantmortalityrate:
total: 4.71deaths /1,000liv ebir ths
male: 5.04deaths /1,000liv ebir ths
female: 4.37deaths /1,000liv ebir ths ( 2014es t.)
Lifeexpectancyatbirth:
totalpopulation: 81.67y ear s
male: 79.07y ear s
female: 84.42y ear s ( 2014es t.)
Totalfertilityrate:
1.59c hildr enbor n/woman( 2014es t.)
Healthexpenditures:
10.9% ofG DP( 2013)
Physiciansdensity:
2.07phy s ic ians /1,000population( 2010)
Hospitalbeddensity:
2.7beds /1,000population( 2010)
Drinkingwatersource:
improved:
ur ban:100% ofpopulation
r ur al:99% ofpopulation
total:99.8% ofpopulation
unimproved:
total:0.2% ofpopulation( 2012es t.)
Sanitationfacilityaccess:
improved:
total:99.8% ofpopulation
3/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
unimproved:
total:0.2% ofpopulation( 2012es t.)
HIV/AIDSadultprevalencerate:
NA
HIV/AIDSpeoplelivingwithHIV/AIDS:
NA
HIV/AIDSdeaths:
fewer than400( 2013es t.)
Obesityadultprevalencerate:
30.1% ( 2014)
Educationexpenditures:
5.3% ofG DP( 2011)
Unemployment,youthages1524:
total: 14.3%
male: 15.9%
female: 12.6% ( 2012es t.)
G overnment:: CANADA
Countryname:
conventionallongform: none
conventionalshortform: Canada
note: thec ountr y nameis der iv edfr omtheSt.Lawr enc eIr oquoianwor d"k anata"meaningv illageor s ettlement
Governmenttype:
apar liamentar y democ r ac y ,afeder ation,andac ons titutionalmonar c hy
Capital:
name: O ttawa
geographiccoordinates: 4525N,7542W
timedifference: UT C 5( s ametimeas Was hington,DC,dur ingStandar dT ime)
daylightsavingtime: +1hr ,begins s ec ondSunday inMar c hends fir s tSunday inNov ember
note: Canadahas s ix timez ones
Administrativedivisions:
10pr ov inc es and3ter r itor ies *Alber ta,Br itis hColumbia,Manitoba,NewBr uns wic k ,NewfoundlandandLabr ador ,
Nor thwes tT er r itor ies *,Nov aSc otia,Nunav ut*,O ntar io,Pr inc eEdwar dIs land,Q uebec ,Sas k atc hewan,Yuk on*
Independence:
1J uly 1867( unionofBr itis hNor thAmer ic anc olonies ) 11Dec ember 1931( r ec ogniz edby UKper Statuteof
Wes tmins ter )
Nationalholiday:
CanadaDay ,1J uly ( 1867)
Constitution:
madeupofunwr ittenandwr ittenac ts ,c us toms ,judic ialdec is ions ,andtr aditions datingfr om1763thewr ittenpar tof
thec ons titutionc ons is ts oftheCons titutionAc tof29Mar c h1867,whic hc r eatedafeder ationoffour pr ov inc es ,andthe
Cons titutionAc tof17Apr il1982s ev er alamendments tothe1982Cons titutionAc t,las tin2011( 2011)
Legalsystem:
c ommonlaws y s temex c eptinQ uebec ,wher ec iv illawbas edontheF r enc hc iv ilc odepr ev ails
Internationallaworganizationparticipation:
ac c epts c ompuls or y ICJ jur is dic tionwithr es er v ations ac c epts ICCtjur is dic tion
Suffrage:
18y ear s ofageuniv er s al
Executivebranch:
headofstate: Q ueenELIZ ABET HII( s inc e6F ebr uar y 1952) r epr es entedby G ov er nor G ener alDav idLloy d
J O HNST O N( s inc e1O c tober 2010)
headofgovernment: Pr imeMinis ter StephenJ os ephHARPER( s inc e6F ebr uar y 2006)
cabinet: F eder alMinis tr y c hos enby thepr imeminis ter us ually fr omamongthemember s ofhis ownpar ty s ittingin
Par liament
elections: themonar c hy is her editar y gov er nor gener alappointedby themonar c hontheadv ic eofthepr imeminis ter
gener ally for afiv e y ear ter mfollowinglegis lativ eelec tions ,theleader ofthemajor ity par ty or theleader ofthemajor ity
c oalitionintheHous eofCommons is gener ally des ignatedpr imeminis ter by thegov er nor gener alnote theter mfor
G ov er nor G ener alDav idLloy dJ O HNST O Nhas beenex tendedtoSeptember 2017
Legislativebranch:
description: bic amer alPar liamentor Par lementc ons is ts oftheSenateor Senat( 105s eats member s appointedby
thegov er nor gener alontheadv ic eofthepr imeminis ter andc ans er v euntilage75) andtheHous eofCommons or Chambr e
des Communes ( 308s eats member s dir ec tly elec tedins ingle s eatc ons tituenc ies by s implemajor ity v otetos er v ea
max imumof4 y ear ter ms )
elections: Hous eofCommons las theldon2May 2011( nex ttobeheldnolater than19O c tober 2015)
electionresults: Hous eofCommons per c entofv oteby par ty Cons er v ativ ePar ty 39.6% ,NDP30.6% ,Liber alPar ty
18.9% ,Bloc Q uebec ois 6% ,G r eens 3.9% s eats by par ty Cons er v ativ ePar ty 166,NDP103,Liber alPar ty 34,Bloc
Q uebec ois 4,G r eens 1
Judicialbranch:
highestcourt(s): Supr emeCour tofCanada( c ons is ts ofthec hiefjus tic eand8judges ) note in1949,Canada
finally abolis hedallappeals bey ondits Supr emeCour ttotheJ udic ialCommitteeofthePr iv y Counc il( inLondon)
judgeselectionandtermofoffice: c hiefjus tic eandjudges appointedby thepr imeminis ter inc ounc ilalljudges
appointedfor lifewithmandator y r etir ementatage75
subordinatecourts: feder allev el:F eder alCour tofAppealF eder alCour tT ax Cour tfeder aladminis tr ativ etr ibunals
4/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
c our ts mar tialpr ov inc ial/ter r itor ial:pr ov inc ials uper ior ,appeals ,fir s tins tanc e,ands pec ializ edc our ts in1999,theNunav ut
Cour t ac ir c uitc our twiththepower ofas uper ior c our tandtheter r itor ialc our ts was es tablis hedtos er v eis olated
s ettlements
Politicalpartiesandleaders:
Bloc Q uebec ois [Mar ioBEAULIEU]
Cons er v ativ ePar ty ofCanada[StephenHARPER]
G r eenPar ty [Eliz abethMAY]
Liber alPar ty [J us tinT RUDEAU]
NewDemoc r atic Par ty or NDP[T homas MULCAIR]
Politicalpressuregroupsandleaders:
other: agr ic ultur als ec tor automobileindus tr y bus ines s gr oups c hemic alindus tr y c ommer c ialbank s
c ommunic ations s ec tor ener gy indus tr y env ir onmentalis ts public adminis tr ationgr oups s teelindus tr y tr adeunions
Internationalorganizationparticipation:
ADB( nonr egionalmember ) ,AfDB( nonr egionalmember ) ,APEC,Ar c tic Counc il,ARF ,ASEAN( dialoguepar tner ) ,
Aus tr aliaG r oup,BIS,C,CD,CDB,CE( obs er v er ) ,EAPC,EBRD,EIT I( implementingc ountr y ) ,F AO ,F AT F ,G 7,G 8,G 10,
G 20,IADB,IAEA,IBRD,ICAO ,ICC( nationalc ommittees ) ,ICCt,ICRM,IDA,IEA,IF AD,IF C,IF RCS,IG AD( par tner s ) ,IHO ,
ILO ,IMF ,IMO ,IMSO ,Inter pol,IO C,IO M,IPU,ISO ,IT SO ,IT U,IT UC( NG O s ) ,MIG A,MINUST AH,MO NUSCO ,NAF T A,
NAT O ,NEA,NSG ,O AS,O ECD,O IF ,O PCW,O SCE,Pac ific Allianc e( obs er v er ) ,Par is Club,PCA,PIF ( par tner ) ,UN,
UNCT AD,UNESCO ,UNF ICYP,UNHCR,UNMISS,UNRWA,UNT SO ,UPU,WCO ,WF T U( NG O s ) ,WHO ,WIPO ,WMO ,WT O ,
ZC
DiplomaticrepresentationintheUS:
chiefofmission: Ambas s ador G ar y DO ER( s inc e23O c tober 2009)
chancery: 501Penns y lv aniaAv enueNW,Was hington,DC20001
telephone: [1]( 202) 682 1740
FAX: [1]( 202) 682 7726
consulate(s)general: Atlanta,Bos ton,Chic ago,Dallas ,Denv er ,Detr oit,Los Angeles ,Miami,Minneapolis ,NewYor k ,San
F r anc is c o/Silic onValley ,Seattle
Tradeoffice(s): Hous ton,PaloAlto( CA) ,SanDiego
DiplomaticrepresentationfromtheUS:
chiefofmission: Ambas s ador Br uc eA.HEYMAN( s inc e8Apr il2014)
embassy: 490Sus s ex Dr iv e,O ttawa,O ntar ioK1N1G 8
mailingaddress: P.O .Box 5000,O gdens bur g,NY13669 0430P.O .Box 866,StationB,O ttawa,O ntar ioK1P5T 1
telephone: [1]( 613) 688 5335
FAX: [1]( 613) 688 3082
consulate(s)general: Calgar y ,Halifax ,Montr eal,Q uebec City ,T or onto,Vanc ouv er ,Winnipeg
Flagdescription:
twov er tic albands ofr ed( hois tandfly s ide,halfwidth) withwhites quar ebetweentheman11 pointedr edmapleleaf
is c enter edinthewhites quar ethemapleleafhas longbeenaCanadians y mbol
Nationalsymbol(s):
mapleleaf,beav er nationalc olor s :r ed,white
Nationalanthem:
name: "O Canada"
lyrics/music: Adolphe Bas ileRO UT HIER[F r enc h],Rober tStanley WEIR[Englis h]/Calix aLAVALLEE
note: adopted1980or iginally wr ittenin1880,"O Canada"s er v edas anunoffic ialanthemmany y ear s befor eits offic ial
adoptiontheanthemhas F r enc handEnglis hv er s ions whos ely r ic s differ as aCommonwealthr ealm,inadditiontothe
nationalanthem,"G odSav etheQ ueen"s er v es as ther oy alanthem( s eeUnitedKingdom)
1:18
Economy:: CANADA
Economyoverview:
As ahigh tec hindus tr ials oc iety inthetr illion dollar c las s ,Canadar es embles theUSinits mar k et or ientedec onomic
s y s tem,patter nofpr oduc tion,andhighliv ings tandar ds .Sinc eWor ldWar II,theimpr es s iv egr owthofthemanufac tur ing,
mining,ands er v ic es ec tor s has tr ans for medthenationfr omalar gely r ur alec onomy intoonepr imar ily indus tr ialandur ban.
T he1989US CanadaF r eeT r adeAgr eement( F T A) andthe1994Nor thAmer ic anF r eeT r adeAgr eement( NAF T A) ( whic h
inc ludes Mex ic o) touc hedoffadr amatic inc r eas eintr adeandec onomic integr ationwiththeUS,its pr inc ipaltr ading
par tner .Canadaenjoy s as ubs tantialtr ades ur plus withtheUS,whic habs or bs aboutthr ee four ths ofCanadian
mer c handis eex por ts eac hy ear .Canadais theUS's lar ges tfor eigns upplier ofener gy ,inc ludingoil,gas ,andelec tr ic
power ,andatops our c eofUSur aniumimpor ts .G iv enits abundantnatur alr es our c es ,highly s k illedlabor for c e,and
moder nc apitalplant,Canadaenjoy eds olidec onomic gr owthfr om1993thr ough2007.Buffetedby theglobalec onomic
c r is is ,theec onomy dr oppedintoas har pr ec es s ioninthefinalmonths of2008,andO ttawapos tedits fir s tfis c aldefic itin
2009after 12y ear s ofs ur plus .Canada's major bank s ,howev er ,emer gedfr omthefinanc ialc r is is of2008 09amongthe
s tr onges tinthewor ld,owingtotheear ly inter v entionby theBank ofCanadaandthefinanc ials ec tor 's tr aditionof
c ons er v ativ elendingpr ac tic es ands tr ongc apitaliz ation.Canadaac hiev edmar ginalgr owthin2010 14andplans tobalanc e
thebudgetby 2015des pitether ec entdr opinoilpr ic es .Inaddition,thec ountr y 's petr oleums ec tor is r apidly ex panding,
bec aus eAlber ta's oils ands s ignific antly boos tedCanada's pr ov enoilr es er v es .Canadanowr ank s thir dinthewor ldin
pr ov edoilr es er v es behindSaudiAr abiaandVenez uelaandis thewor lds fifth lar ges toilpr oduc er .
GDP(purchasingpowerparity):
$1.579tr illion( 2014es t.)
note: dataar ein2014USdollar s
GDP(officialexchangerate):
GDPrealgrowthrate:
2.3% ( 2014es t.)
2% ( 2013es t.)
1.7% ( 2012es t.)
5/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
GDPpercapita(PPP):
$44,500( 2014es t.)
$44,000( 2013es t.)
$43,600( 2012es t.)
note: dataar ein2013USdollar s
Grossnationalsaving:
21.2% ofG DP( 2014es t.)
21.1% ofG DP( 2013es t.)
21.2% ofG DP( 2012es t.)
GDPcomposition,byenduse:
householdconsumption: 56.2%
governmentconsumption: 21.4%
investmentinfixedcapital: 24.1%
investmentininventories: 0.3%
exportsofgoodsandservices: 30.9%
importsofgoodsandservices: 33%
( 2014es t.)
GDPcomposition,bysectoroforigin:
agriculture: 1.7%
industry: 28.2%
services: 70.1% ( 2014es t.)
Agricultureproducts:
wheat,bar ley ,oils eed,tobac c o,fr uits ,v egetables dair y pr oduc ts fis hfor es tpr oduc ts
Industries:
tr ans por tationequipment,c hemic als ,pr oc es s edandunpr oc es s edminer als ,foodpr oduc ts ,woodandpaper pr oduc ts ,
fis hpr oduc ts ,petr oleum,natur algas
Industrialproductiongrowthrate:
2% ( 2014es t.)
Laborforce:
19.21million( 2014es t.)
Laborforcebyoccupation:
agriculture: 2%
manufacturing: 13%
construction: 6%
services: 76%
other: 3% ( 2006es t.)
Unemploymentrate:
6.9% ( 2014es t.)
7.1% ( 2013es t.)
Populationbelowpovertyline:
9.4%
note: this figur eis theLowInc omeCut O ff( LICO ) ,ac alc ulationthatr es ults inhigher figur es thanfoundinmany
c ompar ableec onomies Canadadoes nothav eanoffic ialpov er ty line( 2008)
Householdincomeorconsumptionbypercentageshare:
lowest10%: 2.6%
highest10%: 24.8% ( 2000)
DistributionoffamilyincomeGiniindex:
32.1( 2005)
31.5( 1994)
Budget:
revenues: $675.1billion
expenditures: $717.1billion( 2014es t.)
Taxesandotherrevenues:
37.6% ofG DP( 2014es t.)
Budgetsurplus(+)ordeficit():
2.3% ofG DP( 2014es t.)
Publicdebt:
92.6% ofG DP( 2014es t.)
93.5% ofG DP( 2013es t.)
note: figur es ar efor gr os s gener algov er nmentdebt,as oppos edtonetfeder aldebtgr os s gener algov er nmentdebt
inc ludes bothintr agov er nmentaldebtandthedebtofpublic entities atthes ub nationallev el
Fiscalyear:
1Apr il 31Mar c h
Inflationrate(consumerprices):
2% ( 2014es t.)
1% ( 2013es t.)
Centralbankdiscountrate:
1% ( 31Dec ember 2010)
0.25% ( 31Dec ember 2009)
6/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
Commercialbankprimelendingrate:
3% ( 31Dec ember 2014es t.)
3% ( 31Dec ember 2013es t.)
Stockofnarrowmoney:
$661.5billion( 31Dec ember 2014es t.)
Stockofbroadmoney:
$1.486tr illion( 31Dec ember 2014es t.)
Stockofdomesticcredit:
Marketvalueofpubliclytradedshares:
$1.907tr illion( 31Dec ember 2011)
Currentaccountbalance:
$50.8billion( 2014es t.)
Exports:
Exportscommodities:
motor v ehic les andpar ts ,indus tr ialmac hiner y ,air c r aft,telec ommunic ations equipmentc hemic als ,plas tic s ,fer tiliz er s
woodpulp,timber ,c r udepetr oleum,natur algas ,elec tr ic ity ,aluminum
Exportspartners:
US75.8% ,China4.3% ( 2013)
Imports:
Importscommodities:
mac hiner y andequipment,motor v ehic les andpar ts ,c r udeoil,c hemic als ,elec tr ic ity ,dur ablec ons umer goods
Importspartners:
US52.1% ,China11.1% ,Mex ic o5.6% ( 2013)
Reservesofforeignexchangeandgold:
Debtexternal:
Stockofdirectforeigninvestmentathome:
Stockofdirectforeigninvestmentabroad:
Exchangerates:
Canadiandollar s ( CAD) per USdollar
1.099( 2014es t.)
1.0298( 2013es t.)
1( 2012es t.)
0.9895( 2011es t.)
1.0302( 2010es t.)
Energy:: CANADA
Electricityproduction:
644.1billionk Wh( 2012es t.)
countrycomparisontotheworld:
Electricityconsumption:
Electricityexports:
Electricityimports:
19
7/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
Electricityinstalledgeneratingcapacity:
138.6millionk W( 2011es t.)
Electricityfromfossilfuels:
31.3% oftotalins talledc apac ity ( 2011es t.)
Electricityfromnuclearfuels:
Electricityfromhydroelectricplants:
Electricityfromotherrenewablesources:
Crudeoilproduction:
4.001millionbbl/day ( 2013es t.)
Crudeoilprovedreserves:
173.2billionbbl( 1J anuar y 2014es t.)
Refinedpetroleumproductsproduction:
Refinedpetroleumproductsconsumption:
Refinedpetroleumproductsexports:
Refinedpetroleumproductsimports:
238,900bbl/day ( 2010es t.)
Naturalgasproduction:
145.2billionc um( 2013es t.)
Naturalgasconsumption:
Naturalgasexports:
Naturalgasimports:
Naturalgasprovedreserves:
1.889tr illionc um( 1J anuar y 2014es t.)
Carbondioxideemissionsfromconsumptionofenergy:
550.8millionMt( 2012es t.)
Communications:: CANADA
Telephonesmainlinesinuse:
18.01million( 2012)
Telephonesmobilecellular:
26.263million( 2012)
Telephonesystem:
generalassessment: ex c ellents er v ic epr ov idedby moder ntec hnology
domestic: domes tic s atellites y s temwithabout300ear ths tations
international: c ountr y c ode 1s ubmar inec ables pr ov idelink s totheUSandEur opes atelliteear ths tations 7( 5
Intels at 4Atlantic O c eanand1Pac ific O c ean,and2Inter s putnik Atlantic O c eanr egion) ( 2011)
Broadcastmedia:
2public T Vbr oadc as tingnetwor k s eac hwithalar genumber ofnetwor k affiliates s ev er alpr iv ate c ommer c ial
networ k s als owithmultiplenetwor k affiliates ov er all,about150T Vs tations multi c hannels atelliteandc ables y s tems
pr ov ideac c es s toawider angeofs tations inc ludingUSs tations mix ofpublic andc ommer c ialr adiobr oadc as ter s withthe
CanadianBr oadc as tingCor por ation( CBC) ,thepublic r adiobr oadc as ter ,oper ating4r adionetwor k s ,RadioCanada
Inter national,andr adios er v ic es toindigenous populations inthenor thr oughly 2,000lic ens edr adios tations inCanada
( 2008)
Radiobroadcaststations:
AM245,F M582,s hor twav e6( 2004)
Televisionbroadcaststations:
148( 2007)
Internetcountrycode:
.c a
Internethosts:
8.743million( 2012)
8/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
Internetusers:
26.96million( 2009)
Transportation:: CANADA
Airports:
1,467( 2013)
Airportswithpavedrunways:
total: 523
over3,047m: 21
2,438to3,047m: 19
1,524to2,437m: 147
914to1,523m: 257
under914m: 79( 2013)
Airportswithunpavedrunways:
total: 944
1,524to2,437m: 75
914to1,523m: 385
under914m:
484( 2013)
Heliports:
26( 2013)
Pipelines:
gas andliguidpetr oleum100,000k m( 2013)
Railways:
total: 46,552k m
standardgauge: 46,552k m1.435 mgauge( 2008)
Roadways:
total: 1,042,300k m
paved: 415,600k m( inc ludes 17,000k mofex pr es s way s )
unpaved: 626,700k m( 2008)
Waterways:
636k m( SaintLawr enc eSeaway of3,769k m,inc ludingtheSaintLawr enc eRiv er of3,058k m,s har edwithUnited
States ) ( 2011)
Merchantmarine:
total: 181
bytype: bulk c ar r ier 62,c ar go15,c ar r ier 1,c hemic altank er 15,c ombinationor e/oil1,c ontainer 2,pas s enger 5,
pas s enger /c ar go63,petr oleumtank er 11,r ollon/r olloff6
foreignowned: 19( Es tonia1,F r anc e1,Nether lands 1,Nor way 4,Sweden2,US10)
registeredinothercountries: 225( Aus tr alia5,Bahamas 96,Bar bados 11,Cambodia2,Cy pr us 2,Hondur as 1,Hong
Kong77,Liber ia2,Malta5,Mar s hallIs lands 8,Nor way 1,Panama6,Spain4,Vanuatu5) ( 2010)
Portsandterminals:
majorseaport(s): Halifax ,SaintJ ohn( NewBr uns wic k ) ,Vanc ouv er
riverandlakeport(s): Montr eal,Q uebec City ,Sept Is les ( St.Lawr enc e) F r as er Riv er Por t( F r as er ) Hamilton( Lak e
O ntar io)
oil/gasterminal(s): Lower Lak es ter minal
drybulkcargoport(s): Por t Car tier ( ir onor eandgr ain) ,
containerport(s): Montr eal( 1,362,975) ,Vanc ouv er ( 2,507,032) ( 2011)
LNGterminal(s)(import): SaintJ ohn
Military:: CANADA
Militarybranches:
CanadianF or c es :CanadianAr my ,Roy alCanadianNav y ,Roy alCanadianAir F or c e,CanadaCommand( homeland
s ec ur ity ) ( 2011)
Militaryserviceageandobligation:
17y ear s ofagefor v oluntar y maleandfemalemilitar y s er v ic e( withpar entalc ons ent) 16y ear s ofagefor Res er v e
andMilitar y Collegeapplic ants Canadianc itiz ens hipor per manentr es idenc es tatus r equir edmax imum34y ear s ofage
s er v ic eobligation3 9y ear s ( 2012)
Manpoweravailableformilitaryservice:
malesage1649: 8,031,266
femalesage1649: 7,755,550( 2010es t.)
Manpowerfitformilitaryservice:
malesage1649: 6,633,472
femalesage1649: 6,389,669( 2010es t.)
Manpowerreachingmilitarilysignificantageannually:
male: 218,069
female: 206,195( 2010es t.)
Militaryexpenditures:
1% ofG DP( 2013)
1.24% ofG DP( 2012)
1.31% ofG DP( 2011)
1.24% ofG DP( 2010)
9/10
6/17/2015
TheWorldFactbook
TransnationalIssues:: CANADA
Disputesinternational:
managedmar itimeboundar y dis putes withtheUSatDix onEntr anc e,Beaufor tSea,Str aitofJ uandeF uc a,andthe
G ulfofMaine,inc ludingthedis putedMac hias SealIs landandNor thRoc k CanadaandtheUnitedStates dis putehowto
div idetheBeaufor tSeaandthes tatus oftheNor thwes tPas s agebutc ontinuetowor k c ooper ativ ely tos ur v ey theAr c tic
c ontinentals helfUSwor k s c los ely withCanadatointens ify s ec ur ity meas ur es for monitor ingandc ontr ollinglegaland
illegalmov ementofpeople,tr ans por t,andc ommodities ac r os s theinter nationalbor der s ov er eignty dis putewithDenmar k
ov er Hans Is landintheKennedy ChannelbetweenElles mer eIs landandG r eenlandc ommenc ingthec ollec tionoftec hnic al
ev idenc efor s ubmis s iontotheCommis s ionontheLimits oftheContinentalShelfins uppor tofc laims for c ontinentals helf
bey ond200nmfr omits dec lar edbas elines intheAr c tic ,as s tipulatedinAr tic le76,par agr aph8,oftheUnitedNations
Conv entionontheLawoftheSea
Refugeesandinternallydisplacedpersons:
refugees(countryoforigin): 17,381( Colombia) 15,344( China) 12,326( Sr iLank a) 10,641( Pak is tan) 7,872
( Haiti) 6,512( Mex ic o) ( 2014)
Illicitdrugs:
illic itpr oduc er ofc annabis for thedomes tic dr ugmar k etandex por ttoUSus eofhy dr oponic s tec hnology per mits
gr ower s toplantlar gequantities ofhigh quality mar ijuanaindoor s inc r eas ingec s tas y pr oduc tion,s omeofwhic his
des tinedfor theUSv ulner abletonar c otic s money launder ingbec aus eofits matur efinanc ials er v ic es s ec tor
AboutCIA
Careers&Internships
News&Information
Kids'Zone
Today'sCIA
CareerOpportunities
PressReleases&Statements
K5thGrade
Leadership
StudentOpportunities
Speeches&Testimony
612thGrade
CIAVision,Mission&Values
ApplicationProcess
CIA&theWaronTerrorism
Parents&Teachers
HeadquartersTour
LifeatCIA
FeaturedStoryArchive
Games
CIAMuseum
Diversity
WhatsNewArchive
RelatedLinks
HistoryoftheCIA
MilitaryTransition
YourNews
PrivacyStatement
FAQs
Diversions&Information
NoFEARAct
FAQs
Library
ConnectwithCIA
SitePolicies
Publications
OfficesofCIA
CenterfortheStudyofIntelligence
Intelligence&Analysis
ClandestineService
FreedomofInformationActElectronic
ReadingRoom
Science&Technology
KentCenterOccasionalPapers
SupporttoMission
IntelligenceLiterature
HumanResources
Reports
PublicAffairs
RelatedLinks
GeneralCounsel
VideoCenter
EqualEmploymentOpportunity
CongressionalAffairs
InspectorGeneral
MilitaryAffairs
Privacy
Copyright
SitePolicies
USA.gov
FOIA
DNI.gov
NoFEARAct
InspectorGeneral
MobileSite
ContactCIA
SiteMap
GOTOP
10/10

The World Factbook - Canada

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The World Factbook - Canada

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

6/17/2015

English Franais Espaol More

CAREERS & INTERNSHIPS

NEWS & INFORMATION

You might also like