Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Experiment 1 - Kinetics Study of The Hydrolysis of Methyl Acetate by Acid-Base Titration.
Experiment 1 - Kinetics Study of The Hydrolysis of Methyl Acetate by Acid-Base Titration.
Experiment 1 - Kinetics Study of The Hydrolysis of Methyl Acetate by Acid-Base Titration.
Name
Group
: RBS 2- Group 1
Date : 20-5-2015
Title: Experiment 1- Kinetics study of the hydrolysis of methyl acetate by
acid-base titration.
Aim : To determine the activation energy of the hydrolysis of methyl
acetate by acid-base titration.
Introduction:
Hydrolysis occurs when the bond in a molecule is being broken down
after addition of water. Acid base catalyzed hydrolyses is very common
and it is used in the hydrolysis of ester such as methyl acetate. Hydrolysis
occurs in a very low rate in pure water. Activation energy of the hydrolysis of
methy acetate is required to be overcome by the reactants in order to
complete the reaction. Thus, acid which produces hydrogen ion such as
hydrochloric acid is used as a catalyst to increase the rate of reaction. As the
rate of reaction is being increased, the activation energy is now being
overcome.
When methyl acetate reacts with water molecules, acetic acid and
methyl alcohol will be formed as the products. The reaction is reversible and
the rate constant, k of this reaction is relatively small. A large amount of
water is present during the reaction so that there is a complete reaction
towards the end of the experiment.
In the hydrolysis of methyl acetate, the methyl acetate will take a
hydrogen ion and the hydrogen ion will attached to one of the lone pairs on
the oxygen which formed a double bond to the carbon. The carbon will then
become electrophile and one of the lone pairs on the oxygen of water
molecules will attack the electrophilic carbon. Then, the oxygen atom from
the water molecule will be deprotonated. Methanol is now being produced.
The hydrogen is being removed from the oxygen which attached to the
electrophilic carbon. The products which are acetic acid and alcohol are then
being produced.
Results:
A) Standardization of sodium hydroxide solution
Average volume used
(ml)
32.10
32.17
32.20
Titration
B) 1 Room temperature
V - Vt (ml)
ln (V - Vt)
Titrant volume Vt
(ml)
32.90
16.51
2.8040
10
33.00
16.41
2.7979
20
33.50
15.91
2.7669
30
33.60
15.81
2.7606
40
34.00
15.41
2.7350
50
34.20
15.21
2.7220
60
34.35
15.06
2.7120
80
35.30
14.11
2.6469
V - Vt (ml)
ln (V - Vt)
18.57
2.9215
t (min)
Titrant volume Vt
(ml)
30.50
32.80
16.27
2.7893
11
34.30
14.77
2.6926
16
35.30
13.77
2.6225
21
35.30
13.77
2.6225
31
37.70
11.37
2.4310
41
39.60
9.47
2.2481
51
39.60
9.47
2.2481
71
39.60
9.47
2.2481
t (min)
Calculation of V :
V = Final volume per 5 ml aliquot of the reaction mixture at time t
= Volume of NaOH required to neutralize HCl in 5 ml of the reaction
mixture + volume of NaOH required to neutralize the acetic acid
produced by complete hydrolysis of 1 mol of methyl acetate in 5 ml of
the reaction mixture
Volume required to neutralize HCl in 5 ml of reaction mixture at any time:
100 V x
Vs
Where Vs = volume of solution initially formed by mixing 100 ml of 1 M HCl
with
5 ml methyl acetate (104.6 ml)
Vx = Volume of NaOH required to neutralize a 5 ml aliquot of the
original
1 M HCl
100V X 25000 d 2
+
VS
NM 2 V S
f(x) = - 0x + 0.96
0.925
0.920
0.915
0.910
0.905
0.900
20
30
40
Temperature (oC)
Graph 1
From Graph 1:
At room temperature, T = 27oC,
y = -0.0013(27) + 0.9603
= 0.9252
At T = 40oC,
y = -0.0013(40) + 0.9603
50
= 0.9083
100V X 25000 d 2
+
VS
NM 2 V S
V =
100(32.17)
25000(0.9252)
+
104.6
(0.16)(74.08)(104.6)
V = 49.41
2.80
f(x) = - 0x + 2.81
2.75
ln (V - Vt)
2.70
2.65
2.60
2.55
0
10
20
30
40
50
Time (min)
Graph 2
From Graph 2,
ln C = - k1t + c
ln (V - Vt) = - k1t + c
y = -0.0019x + 2.8116
k1 = 0.0019 M min-1
100V X 25000 d 2
+
VS
NM 2 V S
V =
100(32.17)
25000(0.9083)
+
104.6
(0.16)(74.08)(104.6)
60
70
80
90
V = 49.07
ln (V - Vt)
2.50
2.40
2.30
2.20
2.10
2.00
0
10
20
30
40
Time (min)
Graph 3
From Graph 3,
ln C = - k2t + c
ln (V - Vt) = - k2t + c
y = -0.0099x + 2.7886
k2 = 0.0099 M min-1
ln
k 2 E a T 2T 1
=
k1 R T 1 T 2
ln
Ea
0.0099
313300
=
0.0019 8.3145 ( 313 ) ( 300 )
)
(
50
60
70
80
Ea =99 133.74 J
E a=99.13 kJ
mol-1
mol-1
Discussion:
When esters such as methyl acetate react with water, some are converted to
alcohol and acid, and the reaction can be explained as:
CH3COOCH3 + H2O + H2
CH3COOH + CH3OH + H2
indicator and also the titration flask with addition of each drop of solution
from burette to ensure complete mixing of reagents. The burette reading was
taken with placing the eyes parallel to the bottom meniscus of solution to
avoid parallax error. The titration was carried out slowly as the end point was
approached and the flask was removed immediately when the end point of
reaction was achieved. On the other hand, pipetting has to be accurate in
order to avoid excess addition of the solution and thus give an inaccurate
result.
Conclusion:
The experimental activation energy for the hydrolysis of methyl acetate by
acid-base titration is 99.13kJ mol-1. The experimental value we obtained is
higher than the theoretical value published by Department of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering, The National University of Singapore, 2003,
which is 60.62kJ mol-1.
References:
1. Laboratory Manual, Physical Chemistry, Year 1, viewed on 30 th May
2015,
<http://www.kimia.um.edu.my/images/kimia/lab
%20manual/level1/Physical%20/Expt%203%20Manual.pdf>
2. Determination of Reaction Rate and Reaction Rate Constant Practical
Report,
viewed
on
30th
May
2015,
<https://dissa4ict.wordpress.com/2013/01/09/determination-ofreaction-rate-and-reaction-rate-constant/>
3. Laboratory
Report,
viewed
on
30th
May
<http://classes.uleth.ca/200901/chem27403/15)AppendC.pdf>
2015,