LEARNING MATERIALS

AUTOMOTIVE

Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................3
II. OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................4
III. LEARNING GOALS AND TARGETS..............................................................8
IV. COMMOM COMPETENCIES
A. Know
1. Detailing the Exterior Body of an Automobile
Car Washing ..................................................................................
Car Polishing .................................................................................
Car Waxing ...................................................................................
Windshield and Door Glasses Cleaning ......................................
Wheels, Tires and Mud Guards Dressing ....................................
2. Detailing the Interior Body of Automobile..............................................

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15
.20
.25
.29
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B. Process ....................................................................................................... 52
C. Understand ................................................................................................. 52
D. Transfer ....................................................................................................... 52
Post-Assessment .........................................................................................

53

V. SUMMARY ....................................................................................................55
VI. GLOSSARY....................................................................................................55
VII.

REFERENCES ....................................................................................... 59

I. INTRODUCTION
The car is the most common means of transportation we have today. Thus,
understanding how a car works and being able to make simple repairs are important
knowledge and skills one must acquire.
This module on Automotive Technology is a mini course on Industrial Arts. It
is all about servicing the exterior and interior body of an automobile. Automobile
body servicing will give the learner the opportunity to learn basic skills and
knowledge in automobile body detailing.
The module will the knowledge and skills to provide efficient services in
detailing the exterior/interior body of an automobile which includes Car Washing, Car
Polishing, Car Waxing, Windshield and Glass Door cleaning, and Wheels, Tires and
Mud Guards Dressing, and Interior Cleaning.

II. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, the learners are expected to ....
o Identify the important entrepreneurial traits needed in servicing interior and
exterior body of automobile.
o Identify the exterior/interior body parts of an automobile and their
classification.
o Enumerate the tools, materials and equipment used in servicing the
exterior/interior body of an automobile.
III. PRE-ASSESSMENT
A. Process and Delivery
1. Lets see how much you already know:
Are you familiar with the exterior parts of the body of an automobile? Lets
identify them from the picture below.

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6
5

12

15

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11
15

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1

1. Front grill
2. Emblem / logo
3. Bumper panel, front
4. Hood
5. windshield wiper
6. windshield glass
7. Roof top panel

10
00
0

9
8

Front Side View of Automobile

9. Headlights
10. Fender panel, front
11. Side door
12. Side door window glass
13. Side view mirror
14. Rocker panel
15. Door knob
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8. Signal/Hazard and park lights

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22

23

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7

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Rear-side view of the automobile

16. Wheel
17. Tire
18. Fender panel, rear
19. Stop and Tail lights
20. Signal/Hazard and Park lights

21. Trunk/Deck Lid

22.License plate number
23. Bumper panel, rear
24. Windshield wiper, rear
25. Antennae

Now that you are already familiar with the exterior parts of a car, it would be a
lot easier for you to understand how the detailing procedures will be applied to
each part.
2. Lets Find Out
Have you experienced detailing the exterior body of automobile? Which of the
following have you performed? Put a check (/) on the appropriate box.
Exterior Body Detailing of an Automobile

Yes

No

Car washing
Car polishing
Car waxing
Windshield and door glass cleaning
Wheels, tires, and mud guards dressing

3. Direction: Study and analyze the following pictures of tools/equipment and

materials used in servicing the exterior body of an automobile. Choose
the name of each picture and write it on the blank below each picture.
Tools and Equipment
Power polisher
Scraper
Garden hose
Jack stand

a. ___________

d._______________

g._____________

Bucket
Electric Drill and Drill bits
Hydraulic jack
Squeegee

b. ____________

e. ______________

c. ________________

f. _____________

h. _____________

 Materials
Applicator
Cleaning cloth
Cloth hat
Polish
Rust proofing chemical
Scrub

Cleaners
Spray bottle
Foam Hat
Wax
Tire dressing compound

a.___________ b. ___________ c. __________ d. ____________

e.____ _______ f.___________

g.__________ h.____________

i.___________ j._____________ k._____________

4. Direction: On the space provided, classify the following tools, materials and
equipment used in cleaning the interior body of automobile.
Tools

Materials

Equipments

Powerful vacuum

Loose items bags

Heated soil extractor

Detail brushes

Vapor steamer

Detail tool brushes

Seat covers

Floor mats

Interior dryer

Parts cleaning brush

Shampooer tool

Q-tips

Nylon scrub brushes

Plastic or metal razors

Razor blade scraper

Scrubby pads

Dressing applicator pads

Microfiber towels

IV. LEARNING GOALS/TARGETS

Now that you have an idea of the coverage of this module, set your learning goal in
terms of what you want to attain at the end of your lessons in Automobile Body
Servicing. Next, specify this in terms of the following:
Goal:

____________________________________________

Targets:

a. What I want to know: _________________________

b. What I want to be able to do: ___________________
c. What I want to understand: _____________________
d. What I want to produce or understand: _____________

start writing your own learning goals/targets in your notebook based on the stated
objectives.

V. PROCESS AND DELIVERY

A. Know
1: Detailing the Exterior Body of an Automobile

Car washing
Washing the car means that the body surfaces are clean and free from
harmful contaminants that have stained for a period of time. It must be done with
proper care and careful planning. Tools and materials to be used must be available
and prepared before starting the task. Car wash cleaner plays an important role in
doing the task. It comes in spray, liquid or clay bar forms. There are various ways of
washing a car. Hand washing using manual manipulation is preferred to automated
wash using machine of high pressured water or steam with special cleaning
substance. Chemical products in washing the car body must be superior and of high
quality and not dishwashing detergent or ordinary cleaners that might destroy the
vital surfaces of the paint.
It is important to note that some cars roof panel are made of vinyl leather,
some are equipped with sunroof panels which are made of metal, plastic or glass.
Therefore, great care must be taken into consideration. Cleaning chemicals must
match the kind of materials used in the car.
Keeping your car clean involves proper grooming of vehicle on a regular basis
depending on the degree of use. Public transportation such as taxi and jeepneys
usually have a clean-up routine on daily basis whereas, private vehicles for home to
office use usually have two weeks or once a month car washing.

Think about these:

Good results in car washing can be attained if safety measures, proper use
of tools and appropriates are followed. Below are tips on how you can efficiently
perform a car wash service.
a. Follow the manufacturers instructions.
b. Make sure that all doors, windows, trunk lid, hood and sunroof panel(if
equipped) are properly closed.
c. Place the vehicle in a clean and shaded or covered location so as not to dry
fast the cleaning substance.
d. Use soft water in washing the car body. Do not use hard water in washing
the car as it contains a lot of minerals that will damage the finish of the car.
e. Use a garden hose with a spray nozzle.
f. Do not rub the car body excessively hard so as not to leave scratches on
the body.
g. Do not use heavy knitted or abrasive cloths or sponges. It will scratch the
surface of the car body.
h. Use the correct superior car wash detergent. Ordinary detergent used in
washing clothes and dishes must not be utilized.
i. Make sure that cleaning cloth is always clean and without abrasive particles.
j. Make sure that prepared mixture of car wash detergent and water is
appropriate. (Usually to 1ounce of car wash detergent to 1 gallon of water
or depending on manufacturers mixing ratio). Use a five gallon bucket for the
mixture.
K. Rinse the cloth, sponge and brush after use.
l. Vehicles with parts made of vinyl leather, plastic, glass-type roof top panel
must be cleaned with the chemical cleaner intended for such materials.
m. Never wear wristwatch and bracelets when washing the car body.
n. Clean or dispose used cleaning cloth.
o. Keep unused cleaning chemicals in a closed, well ventilated closet.

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What do we need for car washing?

Garden hose with nozzle is a rubber tube with interlacing strands of fabric
and use for passage of water. It is attached with nozzle to create water
pressure.

Bucket is a portable receptacle used in carrying or storing liquids.

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Cleaning cloth is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or non oily,
lint free soft cloth or cotton fabric and used for cleaning, drying and wiping car
body surface.

Soft sponge and bristled brush is a pliable material made of synthetic fabric
with a pliable soft or hard bristle brush.

Cleaner is a cleaning substance in paste, liquid, or solid form. It is used to

remove dirt and stubborn contaminants by washing or polishing. It makes the
surface chemically clean.

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How do we do it?

1. Hose off dirt and stains the car body especially the underside where most
dried soot, mud, and dust converge.

2. Wipe the cleaning substance around the car body with the use of soft
micro-fiber cloth starting from the roof top panel going down the wind shield,
side window glass, bumpers, and around the body panels. Use a separate
wash bucket and sponge for wheels and tires.

3. Allow a certain period of time for the cleaning substance to stay in order to
soften the stains, soot, and the grime around the car body, mud guard, wheels
and tires.
4. Thoroughly rinse the car body with a micro-fiber cloth and plenty of water a
couple of times. Use a separate cleaning rag and scrub for wheels, tires, and
mud guard in order not to scratch the car body.

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5. Wipe dry the car body with a soft micro-fiber cloth. Use a separate cleaning
rag for wheels, tires and mud guards.

6. Open the door; trunk lid, hood, and fuel lid cover.

7. With the use of soft cloth damped with car cleaning substance, clean the
door inner sides, undersides, rocker panels, pillars, inner fuel lids. Rinse and
wipe dry.
8. Finally, with the use of non-oily, lint-free cloth, wipe dry the whole exterior
car body.

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Car Polishing

Polishing can either be done manually(by hand) or with the help of

machine. Refers to either manual polishes by hand or with a machine and specific
polishing pads to remove minute dirt particles from the clear coat of a vehicle. This
includes fine scratches, swirls, oxidation and other imperfections from the paint
surface possibly caused by improper washing techniques, drying techniques and
other possible causes.
Oftentimes washing alone is not sufficient for a vehicle to be completely clean.
Washing your car doesnt mean that its thoroughly clean and ready for waxing.
There are stubborn substances that are hard to remove such as tree sap, bird
effluence, industrial fallout, road grime, and many other contaminants. Polishing prior
to waxing gives a better result because of its very fine abrasive contents. Applying
car polish removes dead pigment and oxidized paint, old wax build up, dirt which
seeped-in to micro-cracks of the surface, and other imperfections. Car polish lays
down a film of wax coating to protect the paint finish and make it shine. Car polish
can be bought either in liquid, spray or in paste form. All of these produce satisfying
results.

Two types of polish

Abrasive polish- is a rubbing compound that has a coarse grit and is used
for heavy duty work. It leaves minute scratches on paint finish and that needs
to be polished later. It is only used for severe cases where the car is severely
scratched.
Cleaner polish- is a polishing compound that has a very fine grit that is much
milder than abrasive polish. It is used for medium work and removes dead
pigment on the top layer of the paint.

Tips on how you can efficiently perform a car polishing service.

Good results in car polishing can be attained if safety measures, proper use
of tools and appropriates are followed.
a. Always follow manufacturers direction.
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b. All doors, hood, and trunk lid must be closed.

c. Do not rub the paint excessively with any type of compound.
d. Avoid rubbing the paint along styling edge of the car body. Use
masking tape on this edge.
e. Be sure that car polish matches the kind of paint finish.
f. Do not apply polish substances directly to paint surface unless the
manufacturers instructions say so.
g. Some manufacturers say that polish can be applied under direct
sunlight but it is safer to work in a covered or shaded area.
h. Do not apply polish to rubbers, plastics and glasses. There is a
special cleaning compound for such materials.
i. Do not leave polish on the body paint surface too long.
j. for best results, use an expensive and high quality polish.
k. Never wear wristwatch and bracelet when polishing the car body.
l. Clean or dispose of used and old cleaning cloths.
m. Keep unused polishing chemicals in a closed, well ventilated closet.

What we need in car polishing:

Car polish is a substance in paste, liquid or spray form of very fine or
coarse compound abrasives intended to remove dead pigment and
oxidized paint. It is also used to smoothen the paint surface to produce
a glossy finish.

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Cleaning Cloth is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or

non-oily, lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric and used for cleaning,
drying and wiping the car body surface.

Power polisher/buffer is an electrically operated, motor driven

machine with variable or constant speed and used to polish the car
body. Single action polisher operates in a circular manner. Dual action
operates in both circular and axial manner.

Foam Hat is a piece of circular shape soft foam fabric inserted on the
buffing wheel of the power polisher. The foam hat is used to finish the
buffing process of the car body without the mark of swirl.

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Cloth hat is a piece of circular shape wool fabric. It is inserted on the

rubber buffing wheel of the power polisher and used when polishing
compound is applied.

Steps in car polishing

1. Scoop a small amount of car polish paste and place on damp, non-oily, lint
free, ball-sized shape cleaning cloth.

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2. Wipe/rub the car polish starting from the roof top, hood, trunk lid and side
panels of car body with soft to moderate to hard hand pressures in small
sections until the entire body has been wiped.

You must remember that great care must be taken when using power
tools into consideration to avoid any accidental scratches on the car
body. Power polisher/buffer, buffing attachment such as cloth hat and
foam hat must be used respectively. You must move the polisher back
and forth in one direction or as recommended by the manufacturer.
3. Wipe the car body with the use of soft, non- oily and lint (hairy) -free cloth to
remove used car polish.

4. Shake off the old car polish substance from the wiping cloth. Fold the
wiping cloth and use the other side.
5. Finally, wipe clean the entire body with the use of very soft, non-oily and
lint free cloth to be sure that no surface is left unclean.
Take note that the same application and process should be done to all
sides of the door, sills, hood and deck lids undersides, fuel lid, quarter
and rocker panels.

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Car Waxing

Car wax prevents oxidation of the paint. By laying a thin and even film, it
saves the paint from undue deterioration. It gives paint a natural shine and usually
lasts for months. Without it, polish must be renewed at least once a month to prevent
paint oxidation. Car wax is a non-abrasive substance and can be used in pastes,
liquids and spray form. It can be applied either manually or with the use of power
polisher/buffer. Since car wax has an hydrophobic characteristic, it rejects water and
dirt from beading on the surface of car body. Because of its distinctiveness, it
reduces corrosion and gives a seal on the paint. It also has a blending of amino
functional silicone chemical that produces toughness even in thin film. Thats why it
takes 24-72 hours for wax to harden.

Tips on how you can efficiently perform a car waxing service.

Good results in car waxing can be attained if safety measures, proper use
of tools and appropriates are followed.

1. Read the manufacturers instruction.

2. Always wax in a dry, clean and shaded place.
3. Never wear wristwatch and bracelets when waxing the car body.
4. Use a superior and high quality car wax.
5. Do not apply wax to rubbers, plastics and glasses. There is a special
cleaning solution for such materials.
6. Do not allow car wax to dry for long hours during the process of waxing.
7. Clean or dispose of used and old cleaning cloths.
8. Keep unused wax chemicals in a closed, well ventilated closet.

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What do we need in Car Waxing?

Car wax is a non-abrasive substance in paste form and used to protect the
coating on the polish. It also helps reject water from beading the paint surface.

Cleaning Cloth is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or non-oily,

lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric and used for cleaning, drying and wiping car
body surface.

Power polisher/buffer is an electrically operated, motor driven machine with

variable or constant speed. It is used to polish the car body. A Single action
polisher operates in a circular manner. A dual action operates in circular and
axial manner.

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Foam Hat is a piece of circular shape soft foam fabric and inserted on the
buffing wheel of the power polisher. The foam hat is used to finish the buffing
process of the car body without swirl marks.

Cloth hat is a piece of circular shaped wool fabric. It is inserted on the rubber
buffing wheel of the power polisher and used when polishing compound is
applied.

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Steps in Car Waxing

1. Scoop a small amount of car wax and place in a non-oily, lint (hairy) free,
ball-sized shape cleaning cloth.

2. Wipe the car wax to the car body thinly and evenly with the use of non-oily
and lint free cloth in small section by panel starting from the roof top.
Then, allow the car wax to dry until hazy.

Always remember that great care must be taken when using power
tools such as power polisher/buffer. To avoid any accidental scratches
on the car body, a cloth hat on foam hat must be fastened. Remember
that car wax must be placed directly to the car body or as
recommended by the manufacturer.

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3. Remove the used car wax on the car body by wiping it with soft, non-oily,
and lint (hairy) -free cloth.

4. Shake off the old car wax substance from the wiping cloth. Fold the wiping
cloth and use the other side.
5. Proceed to the next panel such as hood, trunk lid, and side panels of car
body. Work in small sections until the entire body has been waxed.

6. Finally, wipe clean the entire body with the use of very soft, non-oily, and
lint free cloth to be sure that no surface was left unclean.
Remember that the same application and process should be done to all
sides of the door, sills, hood and trunk lid undersides, fuel lid and
rocker panels. You have to allow the car wax to harden. It usually takes
around 12-72 hours curing time.

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Windshield and Door Glasses Cleaning

Dust deposits, smoke, oil smog, and other contaminants not easily seen by
the naked eyes are some of the distracting elements on automobile glasses that
hampers visual clarity when driving a car. Aside from these obstacles, dry or wornout rubber blades wiping on the windshield tend to produce minute scratches on the
surface of the glass. Grime deposits along the sides of the door glasses call for
servicing the glasses.
Since water alone is not enough to clean the glass surface due to oil deposits
caused by smog and other pollutants, it is necessary that car glasses are cleaned
once a week to remove this unsightly film deposits.
The use of ready to use glass cleaners will do the work in removing these
stains. Glass cleaners in spray or liquid form can be bought in car detailing services
and accessories. In the absence of this substance, about 4 tablespoon of ammonia
and 1 quart of water is the best alternative but tinted glasses must not be cleaned
with this kind of solution to avoid discoloration and cracking of the tint film.

Tips on how you can efficiently perform a windshield and door

glasses cleaning.
Good results in windshield and door glasses can be attained if safety
measures, proper use of tools and appropriates are followed.
a. Always read the manufacturers instruction.
b. Never use abrasive cleaners.
c. Use cleaners intended for glasses, plastics, and rubbers.
d. Never use rough edged tool, steel wool or putty knife when removing
stickers.
e. Always use rubber or plastic scrapers when removing stickers and stubborn
dirt.
f. Make sure that glass cleaners will not affect paint finish on car surface.
g. Cleaners for plastics and rubbers should be used accordingly.
h. Clean or dispose used and old cleaning cloths properly.
i. Keep unused cleaning chemicals in a closed, well ventilated closet .
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What do we need in windshield and door glasses cleaning?

Cleaning cloth is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or non-oily,
lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric used for cleaning, drying and wiping car
body surface.

Glass/plastic/rubber cleaner is a specially made cleaner intended for use in

glass/plastic/rubber application

Scraper is a piece of flat metal used in taking away hard to remove grime,
gummy and sticky substance by sliding it under the surface of the object.

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Squeegee is a piece of wood with handle and rubber edge at the end portion.
It is used to push, spread, or wipe liquids on the surface.

How do we do it?

1. Wipe off the exterior and interior windshield and door glasses (slightly
roll down the edge), side view mirror, headlight and other light lenses
with the use of wet soft micro-fiber cleaning cloth or paper towel in
circular motion. Wipe dry afterwards.

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2. Spray glass cleaner solution on soft micro-fiber cleaning cloth or paper

towel and windshield glass.

3. Moderately wipe the soft micro-fiber cleaning cloth on the surface of

windshield and door glasses, side view mirror, headlight and other light
lenses.

4. Continue wiping-off the grimy deposits until the stubborn dirt on all
glass surfaces have been removed.
5. Remove old stickers/gum with the use of plastic or rubber scraper.
6. Finally, wipe dry the windshield and door glasses, side view mirror,
headlight and other light lenses with the use of soft micro-fiber cleaning
cloth /paper towel or crumpled old newspaper.

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Wheels, Tires and Mud Guards Dressing

Dressing wheels and tires is a good habit. Its like cleaning and dressing our
body. It is best to see if the wheels and tires are kept clean and maintained so that
rubber fabric will last longer and wheels will sparkle with luster. But it needs much
effort and diligence. Cleaning and dressing wheels and tires is usually done after the
body had been cleaned but some car detailers make it as a first step in the cleaning
process.
Simple tools and materials are needed in the process of tire care. A bucketful of
water with tire cleaner, sponge, soft-cotton cloth and soft-bristle scrub plus the tire
dressing substance will do.
Tire dressing comes in spray, liquid and gel form. Any of these superior quality
products will give lasting protection to the tire. On the other hand, metal cleaners
intended for the type of metal used ( usually forged aluminum alloy ) can be applied
to the wheel. Other wheels are anodized. While some are chromed finished, for
these other materials use the proper cleaning substance.

Steps in Wheels, Tires and Mud Guards Dressing

1. When you wash your vehicle, clean the wheels and tires first. This will prevent
overspray or grime from splashing onto already-clean panels. If you like to clean
your wheels and tires with soap and water, use a separate wash and rinse bucket
and soft bristle brush.

2. Choose a cleaner that is appropriate for the

type of wheels you have. Roughcast aluminum

and chrome can withstand stronger cleaners
than coated, painted, or anodized wheels. The
cleaner will say what it is suited for on the label.
For example, Mothers All Purpose Wheel Mist
can be used on any type of wheel, but their
Chrome/Wire wheel Cleaner is not safe for
coated wheels. If you are not sure what kind of
wheels you have, use a cleaner that is safe for
all wheels.
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3. Always clean your tires and wheels one set at a time to prevent the cleaner from
drying. Wash and then rinse with a strong jet of water before moving to the next
tire.
4. Dont forget to dry your wheels! Use a
Microfiber Detailing Towel or a terry cloth
towel, but not one that you plan to use on
any other part of your vehicle. Once a towel
is used on the tires or wheels, it should
always be used for tires and wheels. Drying
prevents water spots and helps you remove
every last bit of the brake dust.

5. Once your wheels are clean and dry, apply

a quality wheel protectant like Wheel Wax to
seal the wheel surface. These products work
just like car wax. Apply them with an applicator
pad and then buff the wheel. They keep your
wheels looking shiny, and they prevent brake
dust adhesion. Your wheels look cleaner longer.
You have to reapply these products weekly,
but its better than scrubbing your wheels every
two days. The good news is, if you use a wheel
wax as recommended, water is the only thing
you need to clean your wheels between waxing.

6. Choose your tire dressing carefully. Old

formulas contain silicone, which produces
a glossy shine but it turns brown over time.
These dressings deplete the rubbers own
protectants faster, causing it to age
prematurely. Follow the directions on the
label carefully. Always apply thin coats and
allow drying time before you drive your
vehicle. Even the best dressing will sling off
if its on too thick or it doesnt have time to
dry.

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 Dressings provide UV protection and prevent drying, cracking and

fading. With a little TLC, your vehicles wheels and tires will look as
sharp as the rest of your ride.

What do we use for Wheels, Tires and Mud Guards Dressing

Microfiber towels - is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or nonoily, lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric used for cleaning, drying and wiping car
body surface.

Tire and wheel cleaner a gel that clings to penetrate road grime on wheels
and tires. The water-based formula is safe on all types of wheels, yet effective
enough to penetrate and clean porous rubber.

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Garden hose with nozzle - is a rubber tube with interlacing strands of fabric
and use for passage of water. It is attached to a nozzle to create water
pressure.

Bucket - is a portable receptacle used in carrying or storing liquids.

Soft sponge and bristled brush - is a pliable material made of synthetic

fabric with a pliable soft or hard bristle brush.

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Wheel wax - changes the surface polarity of your wheels to repel brake dust
particles. Wheel Wax leaves an unbelievably smooth shine on your wheels
that brake dust and moisture can't penetrate. This protective coating also
makes cleaning your wheels a snap next time you wash your wheels.

Applicator pad - Excellent for cleaning intricate wheels.

Power polisher/buffer - is an electrically operated, motor driven machine with

variable or constant speed and used to polish the car body. Single action polisher
operates in a circular manner. Dual action operates in both circular and axial
manner.

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Tire gel - produces a handsome, rich shine and durable protection

2: Detailing the Interior Body of Automobile

Interior detailing is often ignored by detailers who seem to believe their skill as
a detailer centre depends exclusively on their ability to restore a paint finish to a
flawless, scratch-free glossy shine.
However, the interior is as important, if not more important than the exterior of
the vehicle sense this is where the motorist spends their time, in the automobile.
Todays detailer needs to focus more learning about the materials in the interior and
how to effectively clean and restore them to a like new condition.

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INTERIOR MATERIALS

To prove a point, listed below are the many materials that are used in
todays vehicles so you can get an idea of how complicated proper and professional
interior cleaning is:

Headliner - is the interior covering of an automotive roof.

Seats a seat in automobile. (all types of synthetic fabric, leather or vinyl,

plastic edges)

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Dashboards a panel below the windshield with controls and gauges on it

(vinyl, plastic)

Carpets a thick, heavy fabric of wool, cotton, or synthetic fibers for covering
a floor. (almost all automotive carpet is nylon)

Console refers to the control-bearing surfaces at the center of the front part of
the vehicle interior. The term is applied to the area beginning in
the dashboard and continuing beneath it, and often merging with the transmission
tunnel which runs between the front driver's and passenger's seats of many
vehicles.

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glove box is a compartment built into the dashboard, located over the front-seat
passenger's foot well in an automobile, often used for miscellaneous storage.
Items often placed in a glove box include the vehicle's registration and insurance
paperwork, manuals, CDs, sweets, books, napkins, items
of clothing and accessories, and small childrens toys.

Door panels is a partition, typically hinged, but sometimes attached by

other mechanisms such as tracks, in front of an opening which is used for
entering and exiting a vehicle. (plastic, vinyl, carpet material)

Glass includes windscreens, side and rear windows, and glass panel roofs
on a vehicle. (plain, tinted, film covered)

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Painted surfaces

EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, SUPPLIES and CHEMICALS

Equipment
what equipment do you need to clean and detail todays interiors? The following
equipment are needed in car wash.

Powerful vacuum - is a device that uses an air pump to create a

partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt, usually from floors, and optionally
from other surfaces as well.

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Heated soil extractor spray the surface with hot water to quickly break down
dirt, grease and grime, and extract it immediately. The process leaves fabric
or carpet free of soapy residue. It eliminates the stains, dirt, grime and odours
that soap, sprays and other cleaning products cant come close to removing. It
also called steam cleaners or carpet extractor.

Vapor steamer - uses steam to quickly dry, clean, and sanitize inanimate
surfaces. Often the process is effective enough to disinfect or even sterilize
the surfaces.

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Interior dryer it removes moisture from the interior part of a vehicle

Power tools

Shampooer tool used for scrubbing carpets, floor mats and seats in automobiles.
(air or electric)

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Tools

Nylon scrub brushes - a brush with short stiff bristles for heavy cleaning

Parts cleaning brush - removes dirt and grease from motors, machinery

and metal parts.

Detail brushes used for interior dusting and cleaning.

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Detail tool brushes use for cleaning hard to reach areas.

Razor blade scraper used to strip vinyl decals, pin stripes, and dealer
stickers. Remove tar, sap, bugs, adhesive, road paint and chewing gum
from interiors.

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Supplies
Microfiber towels is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or nonoily, lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric used for cleaning, drying and wiping car
body surface. (one for glass, one for chemicals)

Q-tips used for cleaning HVAC(heating, ventilation, and air conditioning)

vents

Scrubby pads - used for cleaning carpets, fabric, rubber, leather, tile, and
convertible tops.

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Dressing applicator pads used for applying polishes and waxes on rubber
and vinyl.

Floor mats Protect your carpeting from dirt, sand, mud, leaves, grit and
grime that is tracked in from the outside every time you enter or exit the
vehicle. (either plastic or coated-paper)

Seat covers - protect your seats from dirt, grime and deterioration from
everyday use.

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Loose Items bags a flexible container with an opening at one end.

Plastic or metal razors - used to strip vinyl decals, pin stripes, and dealer

stickers. Remove tar, sap, bugs, adhesive, road paint and chewing gum
from interiors.

Chemicals

Stain removers for all types of stains use to remove all types of grease, oil,
sludge and grime from cars, trucks, SUVs motorcycles and even RVs.

45

Extractors shampoo a no-foam shampoo

Carpet shampoo foaming type

All Purpose cleaner a low pH alkaline cleaner for leather, vinyl, plastic

46

Glass cleaner removes smudges and spots on the glass.

Water-based dressing - restores shine and luster to vinyl, plastic, leather and
rubber surfaces inside and outside your vehicle.

Leather conditioner - leaves a silky smooth, dry-to-the-touch feel while

restoring the fresh, natural leather smell.

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Fabric protector to protect fabrics, upholstery and carpet against spills,

stains, and dirt.

Fragrance a pleasant or sweet odour placed inside the car.

Biological odor eliminator - contains a neutralizing agent to completely

eliminate odors and replace them with our fresh and clean scent.

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 Keep in mind that you do not absolutely need every piece of

equipment, such as a vapor steamer, but they do aid in getting a more
effective and faster cleaning. Neither do you need an ozone generator,
but it is very effective in eliminating odors.

STEPS IN INTERIOR CLEANING

Preliminary Steps
1. Read the Service Order for instructions.
2. Open doors and evaluate the condition of the interior.
3. Remove floor mats (front and back and give to the person cleaning the trunk
OR clean/shampoo immediately and place near the rear of the vehicle to dry.
4. Push front seat all the way back.
5. Use plastic bags to contain loose items (front & back), use a separate bag for
the glove box and one for the console. Set bags on rear seat.
6. Remove ashtrays (front and back), clean, & dry. Before replacing, clean area
around ashtray.
7. Flip down sun visors.
8. With the air blower, blow out entire interior (front and back) concentrating on
the dashboard, panel, vents, under the seats and the cracks and crevices in
between the seats.
9. Vacuum the entire interior carpets, seats, panels, etc.
10. Apply appropriate spot remover (front and back) to all heavy spots on carpets,
seats, door panels, etc.
Cleaning Steps
1. Starting on drivers side, clean headliner, front half
2. Clean sun visors, visor mirror, and rear-view mirror
3. Clean trim around doors and front window
4. Clean/scrub dashboard
5. Clean panel and steering column and glove box
6. Scrub spots/stains on front carpets
7. Apply shampoo and friction shampoo carpets (if necessary)
8. Using extractor, extract all shampoo and dirt residue

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Fabric Seats
1. Scrub spots/stains on fabric seats
2. Apply shampoo & friction shampoo seats (if necessary)
3. Using extractor, extract all shampoo and dirt residue
4. Using scrubby clean/scrub center console
Vinyl/Leather Seats
1. Scrub vinyl/leather upholstery with Scrubby or Rotary Shampooer and wipe
dry
2. Using scrubby clean/scrub center console
3. Clean/shampoo front seat belts
4. Push the front seat all the way forward
5. Scrub spots/stains on front door panels
6. Clean/shampoo door panels using a Scrubby, nylon scrub brush, or Rotary
Shampooer. Wipe dry and/or extract residue
7. Spray doorjam and door edges with All Purpose cleaner (as needed) and
wipe dry
REAR
1. Place loose items bag (s) on front seat
2. Clean the headliner, back half from front to rear
3. Clear rear window deck (be sure to blow out dirt near window)
Fabric Seats
1. Scrub spots/stains on fabric seats
2. Apply shampoo & friction shampoo seats (if necessary)
3. Using extractor, extract all shampoo and dirt residue
4. Using scrubby clean/scrub center console
Vinyl/Leather Seats
1. Scrub vinyl/leather upholstery with Scrubby or Rotary Shampooer and wipe
dry
2. Using scrubby clean/scrub center console
3. Clean/shampoo back of front seat following procedures for either fabric or
vinyl/leather upholstery
4. Scrub spots/stains on rear carpets
5. Apply shampoo & friction shampoo carpets (if necessary)
6. Using extractor, extract all shampoo & dirt residue
7. Scrub spots/stains on rear door panels
8. Clean/shampoo rear door panels using either a Scrubby, nylon scrub brush,
or Rotary shampooer. Wipe dry and/or extract residue
9. Spray doorjamb and door edges with All Purpose Cleaner (as needed) and
wipe dry

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Dressing/Conditioning Procedure
1. Starting on the drivers side, move front to back and dress all vinyl, leather,
and rubber in the interior. Wipe off with dry towel for satin finish
Window Cleaning Procedure
1. Spray all interior windows and mirrors with glass cleaner
2. Using window towel, clean each window individually and dry
3. Put all windows down and clean top edge put up again
Final Inspection Procedure
1. Make complete check of interior, looking for dirt on carpets, improper
application of dressing, dirty/smeared windows and correct
2. Do a final vacuum (if necessary)
3. Spray deodorizer under front seats
4. Put in plastic floor mat, seat cover, litter bag
5. Put in window sticker reminder (if used)

Tips on how you can efficiently perform an interior cleaning.

Good result in interior cleaning can be attained if safety measures, proper use of
tools and appropriates are followed.
a. When cleaning carpets and upholstery, start with the driver's area first. It is
then more likely that this area will be dry when the customer takes possession of
the vehicle.
b. Clean windows after cleaning everything else inside, thus preventing soiling of
the windows while doing the dirty work of cleaning door panels and headliners,
etc. Do your interior dressing and conditioning after window cleaning so as to
avoid tracking dressing onto the windows while wiping them.
c. When cleaning windows, first lower the windows slightly and clean the top
edge of the window pane. Then fully close and clean the remainder of the
window.
d. Be careful not to get any of your favorite interior cleaner on the clear plastic
panel that cover the instrument panels. These cleaners can spot or fog the
plastic.
e. In heavy carpet soiling situations or if there has been a spill between the seats,
it is often easier to remove the seat completely from the vehicle, allowing
excellent access to the soiled area for more thorough cleaning. I have found that,
especially in neglected interiors, the time it takes to remove the driver and
passenger seats is easily made up by the ease of access to the interior of the
vehicle during the heavy cleaning that is necessary in these situations.
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f. Be careful to check for wire harnesses under the seat. These usually come out
of the carpeting directly under the seat and simply unplug.
g. be sure to re-plug the harnesses and securely re-tighten the seat upon reinstallation.
h. Always rinse mats, carpeting, and upholstery after cleaning them to remove
any cleaner residue. This residue will simply attract more dirt if left in the material.

B. Process
1. Based on the procedures, explain how a car polish is used on the body of a
car. Please write the answer on your activity notebook.
2. Based on the reading, explain the purpose of car washing. Please write your
answer in your notebook.
3. How often should a car be washed? Why?
4. Based on the information given, discuss how important a car wax is in
protecting the paint surface of the car body. Please answer in a separate
sheet of paper.
5. Based on the information given, Discuss how important to clean the interior
part of an Automobile. Please write your answer in your notebook.
C. Understand
Activity 1 Name Game :
Breakout into groups of four. Once you are grouped, you will be called to
choose ten (10) tools on top of the working table and you will name them one
by one.
Activity 2 :
1. Interview an expert automobile body detailer in your community. Explain that you
are a student gathering the following information for a class. Write your answers
on your notebook.
a. Quality assurance in detailing the Interior body of an automobile.
b. Explain how to maintain a marketable Interior body detailing service?
c. What makes an Interior body detailing services in automobile competitive?
2. View pictures/videos clips/Youtube on exterior detailing of automobile body.
D. Transfer
a. Allow learners to volunteer their services in automobile body detailing shop.
b. Have learners participate in automobile body detailing skills contest.
c. Have learners simulate the marketing of their services in the community.

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Post-Assessment
Direction: Study and analyze the following picture of tools/equipment and
materials used in servicing the exterior body of an automobile. Choose
the name of each picture and write it on the blank below each picture.
Tools and Equipment
- Power polisher
- scraper
- Garden hose
- Jack stand

a. ___________

d._______________

g._____________

- Bucket
- Electric Drill and Drill bits
- Hydraulic jack
- Squeegee

b. ____________

e. ______________

c. ________________

f. _____________

h. _____________

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 Materials
-

Applicator
- Cleaning cloth
Cloth hat
Polish
Rust proofing chemical
Scrub

- Cleaners
- Spray bottle
- Foam Hat
- Wax
- Tire dressing compound

a.___________ b. ___________ c. __________ d. ____________

e.____ _______ f.___________

g.__________ h.____________

i.___________ j._____________ k.__________

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VIII. SUMMARY
Mastery of the tools, instruments, proper calculation, and diagram
interpretation is necessary in either putting up a shop that targets automobile body
servicing. It will help the learners to build up strong, readily, and accessible
knowledge that will help them to have acquired, rehearsed and connected
background of knowledge.

IX. GLOSSARY

All Purpose cleaner a low pH alkaline cleaner for leather, vinyl, plastic.
Abrasive polish- is a rubbing compound that has a coarse grit and is used for heavy
duty work. It leaves minute scratches on paint finish and that
needs to be polished later. It is only used for severe cases where
the car is severely scratched.
Applicator pad - Excellent for cleaning intricate wheels.
Biological odor eliminator - contains a neutralizing agent to completely eliminate
odors and replace them with our fresh and clean scent.
Bucket - is a portable receptacle used in carrying or storing liquids.
Car polish is a substance in paste, liquid or spray form of very fine or coarse
compound abrasives intended to remove dead pigment and oxidized
paint. It is also used to smoothen paint surface to produce a glossy
finish.
Car Polishing- Polishing can either be done manually(by hand) or with the help of a
machine. Refers to either manual polishes by hand or with a machine
and specific polishing pads to remove minute dirt particles from the
clear coat of a vehicle.
Car Washing - means that the body surfaces are clean and free from harmful
contaminants that have stained for a period of time.
Car wax - is a non-abrasive substance in paste form and used in protecting the
coating on the polish and rejects water from beading the paint surface.
Car Waxing- Means preventing cars paint from oxidation.
Carpets a thick, heavy fabric of wool, cotton, or synthetic fibers for covering a
floor.( almost all automotive carpet is nylon)
Carpet shampoo foaming type
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Cleaning cloth - is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or non oily, lint
free soft cloth or cotton fabric and used for cleaning, drying and
wiping car body surface.
Cleaner - is a cleaning substance in paste, liquid, or solid form. It is used to remove
dirt and stubborn contaminants by washing or polishing. It makes the
surface chemically clean.
Cleaner polish- is a polishing compound that has a very fine grit that is much milder
than abrasive polish. It is used for medium work and removes dead
pigment on the top layer of the paint.
Cloth hat - is a piece of circular shape wool fabric. It is inserted on the rubber buffing
wheel of the power polisher and used when polishing compound is
applied.
Console in an automobile refers to the control-bearing surfaces in the center of the
front of the vehicle interior. The term is applied to the area beginning in
the dashboard and continuing beneath it, and often merging with
the transmission tunnel which runs between the front driver's and
passenger's seats of many vehicles.
Dashboards a panel below the windshield with controls and gauges on it (vinyl,
plastic).
Detail brushes used for interior dusting and cleaning.
Detail tool brushes used for cleaning hard to reach areas.
Door panels is a partition, typically hinged, but sometimes attached by other
mechanisms such as tracks, in front of an opening which is used for
entering and exiting a vehicle. (plastic, vinyl, carpet material)
Dressing applicator pads used for applying polishes and waxes in rubber and
vinyl.
Extractors shampoo a no-foam shampoo
Fabric protector used to protect fabrics, upholstery and carpet against spills,
stains, and dirt.
Floor mats Protects your carpeting from dirt, sand, mud, leaves, grit and grime
that is tracked in from the outside every time you enter or exit the
vehicle. (either plastic or coated-paper)
Foam Hat - is a piece of circular shape soft foam fabric inserted on the buffing wheel
of the power polisher. The foam hat is used to finish the buffing process
of the car body without the mark of swirl.

56

Fragrance a pleasant or sweet odour placed inside the car.

Garden hose with nozzle - is a rubber tube with interlacing strands of fabric and
use for passage of water. It is attached with nozzle to
create water pressure.
Glass includes windscreens, side and rear windows, and glass panel roofs on
a vehicle. (plain, tinted, film covered)
Glass cleaner removes smudges and spots on the glass.
Glass/plastic/rubber cleaner - is a specially made cleaner intended for use in
glass/plastic/rubber application.
Glove box - is a compartment built into the dashboard, located over the front-seat
passenger's foot well in an automobile, often used for miscellaneous
storage. Items often placed in a glove box include the vehicle's
registration and insurance paperwork, manuals, CDs, sweets, books,
napkins, items of clothing and accessories, and small childrens toys.
Headliner - is the interior covering of an automotive roof.
Heated Soil Extractor- Sometimes called steam cleaners, soil extractors or auto
detailing machines. They make short work of dirt and stains
by blasting them with water heated to an average of 230
degrees. This hot water treatment cuts stain-removal time
by 50 percent or more.
Interior dryer it removes moisture on the interior part of a vehicle.
Leather conditioner - leaves a silky smooth, dry-to-the-touch feel while restoring
the fresh, natural leather smell.
Loose Items bags a flexible container with an opening at one end.
Luster - the state or quality of shining by reflecting light; glitter, sparkle, sheen, or
gloss.
Microfiber cloth - Suitable for cleaning sensitive surfaces. Microfiber or microfibre
refers to synthetic fibers that measure less than one denier.
Microfiber towels - is a pliable material made of soft micro-fiber cloth or non-oily,
lint-free soft cloth or cotton fabric used for cleaning, drying and
wiping car body surface.
Nylon scrub brushes - a brush with short stiff bristles for heavy cleaning.

57

Parts cleaning brush - removes dirt and grease from motors, machinery and
metal parts.

Power polisher/buffer - is an electrically operated, motor driven machine with

variable or constant speed and used to polish the car body.
Single action polisher operates in a circular manner. Dual
action operates in both circular and axial manner.
Powerful Vacuum- is a device that uses an air pump to create a
partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt, usually from floors, and
optionally from other surfaces as well. The dirt is collected by
either a dust bag or a cyclone for later disposal.
Q-tips used for cleaning HVAC(heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) vents.
Razor blade scraper used to strip vinyl decals, pin stripes, and dealer stickers.

Remove tar, sap, bugs, adhesive, road paint and chewing

gum from interiors.

Scraper - is a piece of flat metal used in taking away hard to remove grime, gummy
and sticky substances by sliding it under the surface of the object.
Scrubby pads - use for cleaning carpets, fabric, rubber, leather, tile, and
convertible tops.
Seats a seat in automobile. (all types of synthetic fabric, leather or vinyl, plastic
edges)
Seat covers - protects your seats from dirt, grime and deterioration in the face of
frequent, heavy-duty usage.
Shampooer tool use for scrubbing carpets, floor mats and seats in automobiles.
(air or electric)
Soft sponge and bristled brush - is a pliable material made of synthetic fabric with
a pliable soft or hard bristle brush.
Squeegee - is a piece of wood with handle and rubber edge at the end portion. It is
used to push, spread, or wipe liquids on the surface.
Stain removers for all types of stains use to remove all types of grease, oil,
sludge and grime from cars, trucks, SUVs
motorcycles and even RVs.
Tire gel - produces a handsome, rich shine and durable protection.
Tire and wheel cleaner a gel that clings to penetrate road grime on wheels and
tires. The water-based formula is safe on all types of

58

wheels, yet effective enough to penetrate and clean

porous rubber.
Water-based dressing - restores shine and luster to vinyl, plastic, leather and
rubber surfaces inside and outside your vehicle.
Wheel wax - changes the surface polarity of your wheels to repel brake dust
particles. Wheel Wax leaves an unbelievably smooth shine on your
wheels that brake dust and moisture can't penetrate. This protective
coating also makes cleaning your wheels a snap next time you wash
your wheels.
Vapor Steamer- or steam vapor systems are cleaning appliances or devices that
use steam to quickly dry, clean, and sanitize inanimate surfaces. Often
the process is effective enough to disinfect or even sterilize the
surfaces.
X. REFERENCES
Internet :

R.L. "Bud" Abraham(2010) Detail Plus Time retrieved from October 9,

2012 from http://www.autodetailingnetworkforums.com/post/Step-by-StepCar-Interior-Cleaning-5532315
www.google.pics.com
autogeek.net(2007) At autogeek, we are car careTime retrieved from
October 9, 2012 from http://www.autogeek.net/auto-detailing-resourcecenter.html

2010 SEC Career Pathways Technology and Livelihood Education

(INDUSTRIAL ARTS AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY I)
OHSP - Technology and Livelihood Education (INDUSTRIAL ARTS
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY I)
Bibliography
All brand names, trademarks, trade names, and WebPages used in this Learning
Material (LM) are owned by their respective holders. The Publisher and the Authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
While every effort and precaution have been made to ensure complete and accurate
information with reference to the materials presented in this LM, the Publisher and
Authors can neither guarantee nor be held legally responsible for any mistake in
printing or faulty instructions in the LM.
The Publishers and Authors appreciate receiving notice of any errors or misprints.
59

Acknowledgement
This is to acknowledge the different practitioners, experts, and specialists who
made this learning materials and teaching guides for grade 8 possible.
Writers ( INDUSTRIAL ARTS)
T-I
FFHNS
HT-VI
Guiguinto NVHS
T-I
PFNHS
T-I
FFHNAS
T-I
Taytay NHS
EPS-I
Div. of Neuva Ecija
MT-I
OCNHS
Language Editor
Paraluman R. Giron Retired Regional Director,
Sta. Ana Manila
CALABARZON
Perla Cuanzon
Retired Regional English Supervisor
Las Pinas City
Ofelia C. Flojo
Retired Regional English Supervisor
Rizal
Lando T. Guzman
Ateneo de Manila
Consultant
Maria Teresa A. Namoro,
Asst. Chief. SED
DepEd-NCR
Ed.D.
Reviewers
1.Robert Daquil
HT-VI
Manila HS
2.Leonilo Santelices
MT-I
Balingasa HS
3.Fernando Dela Cruz
Guiguinto NVHS
4.Arnel Anonical
Tanay NHS
5.Marlon Malaluan
T-I
BANAHIS
6.Alexandria Kalalo
T-I
BANAHIS
7.Antonio Blanco Jr.
MT-I
OCNHS
Lay-Out Artist/Illustrator
Arcos, Henry Allen M.
Bulado, Brenn R.
Guiao, Arlene A.
Pili, Francis C.
Pili, Noel C.
Saladas John S.
Management Team
1.Dr. Lolita M. Andrada
Director, BSE
2.Ms. Bella O. Marinas
Chief,SDD-OIC
3.Dr. Jose D. Tuguinayo, Jr.
Supervising EPS
4.Cristeta M. Arcos
EPS II
5. Albert Erni
EPS II
6.James Julius M. Liquigan
EPS II
7. Milambiling, Owen M.
SEPS
8.Emmanuel S. Valdez
EPS II
1.Joel Castillo
2.Lamberto Dionisio
3.Marlon Ocampo
4.Robert Palma
5.Cris Dioso
6.Romeo Vicmudo
7.Antonio Blanco Jr.

All pictures and graphic illustrations crafted from the internet are properties of the
original owners and were used only as supplemental materials for education
purposes.

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