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Basic Renal Notes
Basic Renal Notes
Self-study: Homeostasis
Homeostasis maintenance of static or constant conditions
in the internal environment
Body fluid volume and composition are kept
relatively stable during steady state.
Fluid intake is highly variable. Thus, fluid output
must be carefully regulated to match it.
Total body water
~60% of body weight is water
Body water is distributed through body tissues:
o Muscle (43%), skeleton (16%), adipose
(10%), other organs (6%)
The distribution of water within tissues also varies
o Muscle/Organs (75%), skeleton (22%),
adipose (<10%)
There is an inverse relationship of body fat
percentage and total body water percentage
A. Dilution principle
1. V=Adye/Cfinal
2. Subtract volume of dye injected
B. Measuring plasma volume
1. Probe that avidly binds plasma proteins (e.g.
131
I-albumiin, Evans blue dye)
2. Use same equation from dilution principle
(where V=plasma volume)
3. Blood Volume = PV/(1-Hct)
C. Measure ECF
1. Probe that cannot enter cell (stays in ICF/ECF)
(e.g. inulin, thiosulfate, mannitol, Na+)
2. Same equation (where V = ECF volume)
3. ISF = ECF- PV
Kidney
B. Input (arterial) = Output (venous, lymph, urine)
Nephron
C. Excretion = Filtration Reabsorption + Secretion