2-214

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

TABLE 2-231

Air

Other tables include Stewart, R. B., S. G. Penoncello, et al., University of Idaho CATS report, 85-5, 1985 (0.1700 bar, 85750 K), and a revision is in process of publication. Tables including reactions with hydrocarbons include Gordon, S., NASA Techn. Paper 1907, 4 vols., 1982. See also Gupta, R. N., K-P. Lee, et al., NASA RP
1232, 1990 (89 pp.) and RP 1260, 1991 (75 pp.). Analytic expressions for high temperatures were given by Matsuzaki, R., Jap. J. Appl. Phys., 21, 7 (1982): 10091013
and Japanese National Aerospace Laboratory report NAL TR 671, 1981 (45 pp.). Functions from 1500 to 15000 K were tabulated by Hilsenrath, J. and M. Klein,
AEDC-TR-65-58 = AD 612 301, 1965 (333 pp.). Tables from 10000 to 10,000,000 K were authored by Gilmore, F. R., Lockheed rept. 3-27-67-1, vol 1., 1967 (340 pp.),
also published as Radiative Properties of Air, IFI/Plenum, New York, 1969 (648 pp.). Saturation and superheat tables and a chart to 7000 psia, 660R appear in Stewart, R. B., R. T. Jacobsen, et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 1986 (521 pp.). For specific heat, thermal conductivity, and viscosity see Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, 1993.
AIR, MOIST
An ASHRAE publication, Thermodynamic Properties of Dry Air and Water and S. I. Psychrometric Charts, 1983 (360 pp.), extensively reviews moist air properties.
Gandiduson, P., Chem. Eng., Oct. 29, 1984 gives on page 118 a nomograph from 50 to 120F, while equations in SI units were given by Nelson, B., Chem. Eng. Progr.
76, 5 (May 1980): 8385. Liley, P. E., 2000 Solved Problems in M.E. Thermodynamics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1989, gives four simple equations with which most
calculations can be made. Devres, Y.O., Appl. Energy 48 (1994): 118 gives equations with which three known properties can be used to determine four others. Klappert, M. T. and G. F. Schilling, Rand RM-4244-PR = AD 604 856, 1984 (40 pp.) gives tables from 100 to 270 K, while programs from 60 to 2F are given by Sando,
F. A., ASHRAE Trans., 96, 2 (1990): 299308.
Viscosity references include Kestin, J. and J. H. Whitelaw, Int. J. Ht. Mass Transf. 7, 11 (1964): 12451255; Studnokov, E. L., Inz.-Fiz. Zhur. 19, 2 (1970): 338340;
Hochramer, D. and F. Munczak, Setzb. Ost. Acad. Wiss II 175, 10 (1966): 540550. For thermal conductivity see, for instance, Mason, E. A. and L. Monchick, Humidity and Moisture Control in Science and Industry, Reinhold, New York, 1965 (257272).

TABLE 2-232

Saturated Ammonia*

P, bar

vf, m3/kg

vg, m3/kg

h f, kJ/kg

h g, kJ/kg

s f, kJ/(kgK)

sg, kJ/(kgK)

c pf, kJ/(kgK)

f, 104 Pas

k f, W/(mK)

195.5t
200
210
220
230

0.0608
0.0865
0.1775
0.3381
0.6044

1.327.3
1.372.3
1.394.3
1.417.3
1.442.3

15.648
11.237
5.729
3.135
1.822

1110.1
1088.8
1044.1
1000.6
957.0

380.1
388.5
406.7
424.1
440.7

4.203
4.311
4.529
4.731
4.925

11.827
11.698
11.438
11.207
11.002

4.73
4.61
4.38
4.35
4.38

4.25
4.07
3.69
3.34
3.02

0.715
0.709
0.685
0.661
0.638

240
250
260
270
280

1.0226
1.6496
2.5529
3.8100
5.5077

1.468.3
1.495.3
1.524.3
1.551.3
1.589.3

1.115
0.712
0.472
0.324
0.228

912.9
868.2
823.1
777.3
730.9

456.2
470.6
483.8
495.6
506.0

5.113
5.294
5.471
5.643
5.811

10.817
10.650
10.498
10.358
10.228

4.43
4.48
4.54
4.60
4.66

2.73
2.45
2.20
1.97
1.76

0.615
0.592
0.569
0.546
0.523

T, K

290
300
310
320
330

7.741
10.61
14.24
18.72
24.20

1.626.3
1.666.3
1.710.3
1.760.3
1.815.3

0.165
0.121
0.091
0.069
0.053

683.8
636.0
587.2
537.5
486.7

514.7
521.5
526.1
528.2
527.5

5.975
6.135
6.293
6.448
6.602

10.108
9.994
9.885
9.779
9.675

4.73
4.82
4.91
5.02
5.17

1.58
1.41
1.26
1.13
1.02

0.500
0.477
0.454
0.431
0.408

340
350
360
370
380

30.79
38.64
47.90
58.74
71.35

1.878.3
1.952.3
2.039.3
2.148.3
2.291.3

0.0410
0.0319
0.0249
0.0194
0.0149

434.3
380.0
323.2
262.6
196.5

523.3
515.1
501.8
481.9
452.7

6.755
6.908
7.063
7.222
7.391

9.571
9.465
9.354
9.235
9.100

5.37
5.64
6.04
6.68
7.80

0.92
0.83
0.75
0.69
0.61

0.385
0.361
0.337
0.313
0.286

85.98
103.0
113.0

2.499.3
2.882.3
4.255.3

0.0113
0.0077
0.0043

120.9
23.5
142.7

408.1
329.0
142.7

7.578
7.813
8.216

8.935
8.694
8.216

0.50
0.39
0.25

0.254
0.21

390
400
405.4c

10.3
21.

*P, v, h, and s values condensed from ASHRAE Handbook, 1981: Fundamentals. Copyright 1981 by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc., and reproduced by permission of the copyright owner. cp, , and k values are interpolated and converted from Thermophysical Properties of
Refrigerants, ASHRAE, New York, 1976. t = triple point; c = critical point. The notation 1.327.3 signifies 1.327 103. At 195.5 K, the viscosity of the saturated liquid is 4.25 104 Pas.
Most recent tabulations of ammonia properties are based upon the extensive tabulation to 5000 bar, 750 K of Haar, L. and J. S. Gallagher, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data,
7, 3 (1978): 635792, which does, however, neglect dissociation. For tables to 70,000 psia, 920F, see Stewart, R. B., R. T. Jacobsen, et al., Thermodynamic Properties
of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 1986 (521 pp.). A chart in fps units corresponding with these tables appears on page 17.34 of the ASHRAE 1989 Fundamentals Handbook.
Simmons, A. L., C. E. Miller III, et al., Tables and Charts of Equilibrium Thermodynamic Properties of Ammonia for Temperatures from 500 to 50000 K, NASA SP
3099, 1976 (255 pp.), tabulates , h, s, cp, cv, Z, and so on, from 0.01 to 400 bar and also 18 species of decomposition products.
The 1993 ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals (SI ed.) gives material for integral degrees Celsius with temperatures on the ITS 90 scale for saturation temperatures from 77.66 to 132.22 C. The same diagram reproduced here appears in that source.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES

FIG. 2-6 Enthalpylog-pressure diagram for ammonia. 1 MPa = 10 bar. (Copyright 1981 by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers and reproduced by permission of the copyright owner.)

2-215

2-216

FIG. 2-7 Enthalpy-concentration diagram for aqueous ammonia. From Thermodynamic and Physical Properties
NH3 H2O, Int. Inst. Refrigeration, Paris, France, 1994 (88 pp.). Reproduced by permission. In order to determine
equilibrium compositions, draw a vertical from any liquid composition on any boiling line (the lowest plots) to intersect the appropriate auxiliarly curve (the intermediate curves). A horizontal then drawn from this point to the
appropriate dew line (the upper curves) will establish the vapor composition. The Int. Inst. Refrigeration publication also gives extensive P-v-x tables from 50 to 316C. Other sources include Park, Y. M. and Sonntag, R. E.,
ASHRAE Trans., 96, 1 (1990): 150159 (x, h, s, tables, 360 to 640 K); Ibrahim, O. M. and S. A. Klein, ASHRAE
Trans., 99, 1 (1993): 14951502 (Eqs., 0.2 to 110 bar, 293 to 413 K); Smolen, T. M., D. B. Manley, et al., J. Chem.
Eng. Data, 36 (1991): 202208 (p-x correlation, 0.9 to 450 psia, 293413 K); Ruiter, J. P., Int. J. Refrig., 13 (1990):
223236 gives ten subroutines for computer calculations.