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Classical - Mechanics - NET-JRF June 2011-Dec 2014
Classical - Mechanics - NET-JRF June 2011-Dec 2014
Classical - Mechanics - NET-JRF June 2011-Dec 2014
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
b
, where a and b are positive
x2
constants. The angular frequency of small oscillations about the minimum of the potential
is
(a)
Ans:
8b
8a
(b)
(c)
8a / b
(d)
8b / a
(b)
1
V
2b
b
b 4
Solution: V x ax 2 2
0 2ax 3 0 ax 4 b 0 x0 .
x
x
x
a
2V
k
Since
, m 1 and k 2
where xo is stable equilibrium point.
x x x
m
0
1
2V
6b
6b
b 4
Hence k 2 2a 4 2a
8a at x x0 .
b
x
x0
a
a
Thus 8a .
Q2.
The acceleration due to gravity (g) on the surface of Earth is approximately 2.6 times that
on the surface of Mars. Given that the radius of Mars is about one half the radius of
Earth, the ratio of the escape velocity on Earth to that on Mars is approximately
(a) 1.1
Ans:
(b) 1.3
(c) 2.3
(d) 5.2
(c)
ge R e
Escape velocity of Earth
R
g
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q3.
The
Hamiltonian
of
system
with
degrees
of
freedom
is
given
(a)
Q4.
The Lagrangian of a particle of charge e and mass m in applied electric and magnetic
1
fields is given by L mv 2 eA v e , where A and are the vector and scalar
2
potentials corresponding to the magnetic and electric fields, respectively. Which of the
following statements is correct?
p2 e
A p e
(b) The Hamiltonian of the particle is given by H
2m m
(d)
Solution: 2 V
Q5.
t
0
Consider the decay process in the rest frame of the -. The masses of the
M 2 c 2
2M
(b)
M 2 c 2
2M
(c) M M c 2
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(d)
M M c 2
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Ans:
(b)
Solution:
M2c4
M c2
M 2 M 2 c2
M c2
2
.
and E E M c E
E E
2M
M
B. The velocity of is
(a)
Ans:
M 2 c
M 2 M 2
2
M 2 c
M 2 M 2
(b)
(c)
Mc
M
(d)
M c
M
(a)
Solution: Velocity of
E
M 2 c 2
2M
M c 2
1
v2
c2
v2
4M 2 M 2
1 2
2
c M 2 M 2
M 2 M 2
4 M 2 M 2
v2
v 2 M 4 M 4 2M 2 M 2 4M 2 M 2
c.
2
2
2
2
2
c2
M M
M 2 M 2 c
M 2 M 2
Q6.
The Hamiltonian of a particle of unit mass moving in the xy-plane is given to be:
H xp x yp y
1 2 1 2
x y in suitable units. The initial values are given to be
2
2
x0, y0 1,1
1 1
and p x 0, p y 0 , . During the motion, the curves traced out
2 2
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Ans:
(d)
Solution: H xp x yp y
1 2 1 2
x y
2
2 .
H
H
x x x and
y y y .
p y
p x
After solving these four differential equation and eliminating time t and using boundary
condition one will get x
1 1
1
and p x
2 py
y
NET/JRF (DEC-2011)
Q7.
Ans:
(a)
1 2 2 2
ml 1 2
2
(b)
1 2 2 2
ml 21 2 212 cos1 2
2
(c)
1 2 2
ml 1 222 212 cos1 2
2
(d)
1 2 2 2
ml 21 2 212 cos1 2
2
(c)
1
1
m x12 y12 m x 22 y 22
2
2
x1 l cos 11 , y1 l sin 11
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Put the value of x1 , y1 , x 2 , y 2 in K.E equation, one will get
T
Q8.
1 2 2
m 1 2 212 cos1 2 .
2
A constant force F is applied to a relativistic particle of rest mass m. If the particle starts
from rest at t = 0, its speed after a time t is
Ans:
(d)
Fct
F t m 2c 2
2 2
(d)
Solution:
dp
F p Ft c .
dt
Q9.
(c) c1 e Ft / mc
Ft
(b) c tanh
mc
(a) Ft / m
mu
u2
1 2
c
Ft u
F
t
m
Ft
1
mc
The potential of a diatomic molecule as a function of the distance r between the atoms is
given by V r
a
b
12 . The value of the potential at equilibrium separation between
6
r
r
(b) 2a 2 / b
(c) a 2 / 2b
(d) a 2 / 4b
(d)
Solution: V r
1
12 b
V
a
b
a 12b
0 6 7 13 0 7 6a 6 0
12 , for equilibrium
6
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
1
12b
12 b 6
2b 6
6a 6 0 r
r
r
6a
a
1
6
a2 a2
a2
2b
a
b
.
V r
a
2b 4b
4b
2b 2b 2
a a
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Q10. Two particles of identical mass move in circular orbits under a central
potential V r
1 2
kr . Let l1 and l2 be the angular momenta and r1, r2 be the radii of the
2
(b) 1 / 2
(c) 2
(d) 1 / 2
(a)
Solution: Veff
J2
1
kr 2 where J is angular momentum.
2
2mr
2
J2
Veff
0 3 kr 0 J 2 r 4 J r 2 .
mr
r
J r
r
J
r
J
Thus 1 1 1 1 1 2 since 1 2 .
J2
J 2 r2
r2
J2
r2
Q11. A particle of mass m moves inside a bowl. If the surface of the bowl is given by the
equation z
Ans:
1
a x 2 y 2 , where a is a constant, the Lagrangian of the particle is
2
(a)
1
m r 2 r 2 2 gar 2
2
(c)
1
m r 2 r 2 2 r 2 sin 2 2 gar 2
2
(b)
1
m 1 a 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 2
2
(d)
1
m 1 a 2 r 2 r 2 r 2 2 gar 2
2
(d)
Solution: L
1
m x 2 y 2 z 2 mgz
2
where z
1
a x2 y2 .
2
1
It has cylindrical symmetry. Thus x r cos , y r sin , z a r 2 .
2
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Q12.
A planet of mass m moves in the inverse square central force field of the Sun of mass
M . If the semi-major and semi-minor axes of the orbit are a and b , respectively, the
total energy of the planet is:
Ans:
(a)
GMm
ab
(c)
GMm 1 1
a b a
1 1
(b) GMm
a b
a b
(d) GMm
2
a b
(a)
1 2 GMm 1 2 GMm
mv1
mv2
2
a
2
b
v2
b
s
a
v2 v1
b
v1
1 2 1 2 GMm GMm
1
a2
ba
m v12 v12 2 GMm
mv1 mv2
2
2
a
b
2
b
ab
1 2 b2 a 2
1
1
b a
b
mv1
GMm
mv12 GMm
ab
2
2
b
a b a
E
Q13.
1 2 GMm
b 1
GMm
mv1
GMm
2
a
a b a
a
GMm b b a
GMm b
GMm
1
a b a
a b a
b a
An annulus of mass M made of a material of uniform density has inner and outer radii a
and b respectively. Its principle moment of inertia along the axis of symmetry
perpendicular to the plane of the annulus is:
(b)
1
M b 2 a 2
2
(d)
1
M b2 a2
2
(a)
1
b4 a4
M 2
2
b a2
(c)
1
M b2 a2
2
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Ans:
(d)
Q14.
(b)
PZ
PZ
PZ
PZ
(c)
d)
z
z
Ans: (a)
Solution: H
P2
Pz2
mgz and E z mgz .
2m
2m
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NET/JRF (JUNE-2012)
Q15.
The bob of a simple pendulum, which undergoes small oscillations, is immersed in water.
Which of the following figures best represents the phase space diagram for the
pendulum?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
x
.
Ans:
(d)
Two events separated by a (spatial) distance 9 109m, are simultaneous in one inertial
frame.The time interval between these two events in a frame moving with a constant
speed 0.8 c (where the speed of light c = 3 108 m/s) is
(a) 60 s
Ans:
(b) 40 s
(c) 20 s
(d) 0 s
(b)
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2
t 2 t1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
c2
c
v
v
v
v
v
1
1
1 2
1 2
1 2
2
2
c
c
c
c
c
t 2 t1 40 sec
Put v 0.8c
x 2
V x the
2x
Hamiltonian is
x 2
V x
(b)
2x
1
(a) xp 2 V x
2
Ans:
p2
V x
(d)
2x
1
(c) x 2 V x
2
(a)
L
x
p x p x x p x x .
x
x
px x
p x2 x
x 2
H p x x
V x H px px x
V x .
Vx H
2x
2
2x
2
Q18.
Ans:
(a)
Solution:
Velocity of
bullet
= vj ,
Angular
velocity= k .
There
will
be
coriolis
force F 2m v .
F 2mvi a 2vi .
Q19.
Ans:
(b) r p
(c) 3
(d) 1
(b)
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1/ 2
Solution: r xi yj zk , r x 2 y 2 z 2 , p pxi p y j pz k ,
1/ 2
p px2 p y2 pz2
r p r p r p r p r p r p
r , p = x p p x y p p y z p p y
y
y
x
x
z
z
rp
x px y p y z pz
r p
r p
r p r p r p
Q20. Consider the motion of a classical particle in a one dimensional double-well
potential V x
2
1 2
x 2 . If the particle is displaced infinitesimally from the minimum
4
(b)
Solution: V x
1 2
x 22 V 2 x 2 2 2 x 0 x 0 , x 2 .
4
x 4
2V
2V
2
.
At
,
3
x
2
0 so V is maximum. Thus it is unstable point
x
0
x 2
x 2
2V
x 2
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2V
x 2
x x0
1.
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Q21.
What is proper time interval between the occurrence of two events if in one inertial frame
events are separated by 7.5 108m and occur 6.5 s a part?
(a) 6.50 s
Ans:
(b) 6.00 s
(c) 5.75 s
(d) 5.00 s
v
v
v
t2 2 x2 t1 2 x1 t t
x x1
2 2
c
c
2 1 c
t2' t1'
.
v2
v2
v2
v2
1 2
1 2
1 2 1 2
c
c
c
c
In this problem v is not given so its not possible to calculate proper time interval.
NET/JRF (DEC-2012)
Q22.
A solid cylinder of height H, radius R and density , floats vertically on the surface of a
liquid of density 0 . The cylinder will be set into oscillatory motion when a small
instantaneous downward force is applied. The frequency of oscillation is
(a)
Ans:
g
0H
(b)
g
H
(c)
(d)
0H
0 g
H
(d)
Solution: From Newtons law of motion ma mg 0 Agh where A is area of cross section,
m AH .
AHa AHg 0 Agh a 1
Q23.
0 gh
0 g
H
H
Three particles of equal mass (m) are connected by two identical massless springs of
stiffness constant (K) as shown in the figure
K
m
If x1, x2 and x3 denote the horizontal displacement of the masses from their respective
equilibrium positions the potential energy of the system is
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Ans:
1
K x12 x22 x32
2
(c)
1
K x12 2 x22 x32 2 x2 x1 x3
2
(b)
1
K x12 x22 x32 x2 x1 x3
2
(d)
1
K x12 2 x22 2 x2 x1 x3
2
(c)
Solution: V
V
Q24.
(a)
1
1
2
2
K x2 x1 K x3 x2 ,
2
2
1
1
1
K x22 x12 2 x2 x1 K x32 x22 2 x3 x2 V K x12 2 x22 x32 2 x2 x1 x3
2
2
2
A planet of mass m moves in the gravitational field of the Sun (mass M). If the semimajor and semi-minor axes of the orbit are a and b respectively, the angular momentum
of the planet is
(a)
Ans:
2GMm2 a b
(b) 2GMm2 a b
(c)
2GMm2 ab
a b
2GMm2 ab
ab
(d)
(d)
1 2 GMm 1 2 GMm
mv1
mv2
2
a
2
b
v2
a
v2 v1
b
v1
1
a2
1 2 1 2 GMm GMm
b a
mv1 mv2
a b a
ab
2
2
b
1
b
v1 2GM
a b a
2GMab
2GMm2 ab
b 1
L mv1a m 2GM
a b a
ab
b a
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Q25.
p2
mgl 1 cos . If L denotes the Lagrangian, the value of
2ml 2
dL
is:
dt
(a)
(b)
g
p cos
l
(c)
Ans:
2g
p sin
l
g
p sin 2
l
(a)
Solution:
p2
dL
L
where H 2 mgl 1 cos .
L, H
2ml
dt
t
p
H
ml 2 2
2 , L
L pi q i H p H ,
mgl 1 cos .
p ml
2
i
Hence we have to calculate L, H which is only defined into phase space i.e. p and .
Then L
p2
mgl 1 cos
2ml 2
L, H L H
L H
2g
L
dL
2g
p sin and
0
p sin
p
l
t
dt
l
Q26. Two bodies of equal mass m are connected by a massless rigid rod of length l lying in the
xy-plane with the centre of the rod at the origin. If this system is rotating about the z-axis
with a frequency , its angular momentum is
(a) ml 2 / 4
Ans:
(b) ml 2 / 2
(c) ml 2
(d) 2ml 2
(b)
l
2
ml 2 ml 2
ml 2
ml 2
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Q27.
Which of the following set of phase-space trajectories is not possible for a particle
obeying Hamiltons equations of motion?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Ans:
(b)
The muon has mass 105 MeV/c2 and mean life time 2.2 s in its rest frame. The mean
distance traversed by a muon of energy 315 MeV before decaying is approximately,
(a) 3 105 km
Ans:
(c) 6.6 m
(b) 2.2 cm
(d) 1.98 km
(d)
m0 c 2
2
315
v
1 2
c
Now, t
t0
v2
1 2
c
MeV
.
c2
m0 c 2
2
315
v
1 2
c
t 0 2.2s t
2.2 10 6
8
1
9
105
1
v 0.94c .
v
c2
t = 6.6 s
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NET/JRF (JUNE-2013)
Q29.
The area of a disc in its rest frame S is equal to 1 (in some units). The disc will appear
distorted to an observer O moving with a speed u with respect to S along the plane of the
disc. The area of the disc measured in the rest frame of the observer O is ( c is the speed
of light in vacuum)
u2
(a) 1 2
c
Ans:
1/ 2
u2
(b) 1 2
c
1 / 2
u2
(c) 1 2
c
u2
(d) 1 2
c
(a)
i.e. a 2 1 or a a 1
u2
u2
u2
c2
c2
c2
u2
where b a 1 2 .
c
Q30.
(b) mk 2 / L3
(c)
2mk 2 / L3
3mk 2 / L3
(d)
(b)
Solution: Veff
Veff
L2
k
L2
k
2 0
.
For
circular
orbit
3
2
r
r
mr
r
2mr
L2
L2
k
r
.
Thus
0
mk
mr 3 r 2
2
d Veff
dr
2
r r0
3L
2k
3
4
mr
r
r r0
k
,
m
r
3m k
2m k
m k4
2k
=
3
L6
L6
L6
L2
mk
3
3L
L2
m
mk
Veff
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Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498
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Email: fiziks.physics@gmail.com
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q31.
d 2V
dr 2
r r0
mk 2
.
L3
(c) d d 1 / 2
(b) 6
Ans:
(c)
Q32.
(d) d !
1
p x ay 2 1 p x bx2
2
2
where a and b are constants and p x , p y are momenta conjugate to x and y respectively.
For what values of a and b will the quantities p x 3 y and p y 2 x be conserved?
(a) a 3, b 2
(b) a 3, b 2
(c) a 2, b 3
(d) a 2, b 3
Ans: (d)
Solution: Poisson bracket
px 3y, H 0 and
py 2 y, H 0
a 2, b 3
Q33. The Lagrangian of a particle of mass m moving in one dimension is given by
L
1 2
mx bx
2
where b is a positive constant. The coordinate of the particle x t at time t is given by: (in
following c1 and c 2 are constants)
(a)
b 2
t c1t c2
2m
(b) c1t c 2
bt
bt
(c) c1 cos c 2 sin
m
m
Ans:
bt
bt
(d) c1 cosh c 2 sinh
m
m
(a)
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Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Solution:
Equation
of
d L L
d
0 mx b 0 mx b 0
dt x x
dt
motion
mx b
b t2
d 2x
b
dx
b
c1t c2
t c1 x
m 2
m
dt
m
dt 2
NET/JRF (DEC-2013)
Q34.
system).
If
represents
the
Poisson
bracket,
the
value
of
A, B, C A, B, C is given by
(a) 0
Ans:
(b) B, C , A
(c) A, C , B
(d) C , A, B
(d)
A, B, C B, C, A C, A, B 0
Now A, B, C A, B, C B, C , A C, A, B
z2
. Which component(s) of the angular
2
(b) L x , L y and L z
(d) only L z
Ans: (d)
Solution: A particle moves in a potential V x 2 y 2
V r , , r 2 sin 2 cos 2 r 2 sin 2 sin 2
V r , , r 2 sin 2
z2
2
r2
cos 2
2
r2
cos 2
2
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Q36.
Lagrangian is
Ans:
(a) L m 1 x 2 V x
(b) L m 1 x 2 V x
(c) L 1 mx 2 V x
(d) L
1 2
mx V x
2
2p
x p 2 m 2
(b)
Solution: H
p 2 m 2 V x
H
1
x
p
2
1
2 2
1/ 2
xm
1 x 2
p 2 m2 V x
Now L xp H xp H xp
Put value p
Q37.
xm
1 x
L m 1 x 2 V x
Ans:
(a) 2
lR
g
(b)
(c) 2
2 R 2 2 Rl l 2
g R l
(d)
2
g
2
g
R2
2R
1/ 4
2Rl l 2
1/ 4
(c)
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L
1 2
1
I V ( ) = ( MR 2 M (l R)2 )2 Mg (l R) cos
2
2
d L L
2
2
0 ( MR M (l R) ) Mg (l R) sin 0
dt
2 R 2 2 Rl l 2
Time period is given by 2
.
g R l
Q38.
kx3
0
l2
(b) mx kx 0
(c) mx 2kx 0
(d) mx
kx2
0
l
(a)
1 2
mx V ( x)
2
V ( x) k x 2 l 2
1
2
1
2
k
l x2 l 2
2
1
2
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2
1
2
2 2
1 x 2 1 x 4
x
2
2
V ( x) kl 1 2 1 V ( x) kl 1 2 4 1
8 l
2 l
l
x2
V ( x) kl 2
l
x 4
V ( x) k 2 .
4l
x 4
1 2
So Lagrangian of system is given by L mx k 2
2
4l
kx3
d L L
m
x
0.
0
dt x x
l2
NET/JRF (JUNE-2014)
Q39.
The time period of a simple pendulum under the influence of the acceleration due to
gravity g is T . The bob is subjected to an additional acceleration of magnitude
3 g in
the horizontal direction. Assuming small oscillations, the mean position and time period
of oscillation, respectively, of the bob will be
(a) 0 o to the vertical and
3T
(c)
Solution: T 2
l
g
3g 2 g 2
4g 2 2 g
l
T
l 1
T 2
T
T 2
2g
g 2
2
3g
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q40.
mq 2 qq 2
2
2
Ans:
(a)
p 2 qp 2
2m 2m 2
(b)
p2
2m q
(c)
p2
qp 2
2m 2m q 2
(d)
pq
2
(b)
L where L
Solution: H qp
1
1
mq 2 qq 2
2
2
L
p
p mq qq p q m q q
q
m q
p2
p2
1
p2
L
H qp
m
m q 2 m q 2 2 m q 2
Q41.
L
H qp
p2
p2
m q
m q 2 m q 2
L
H qp
p2
p2
m q 2 m q
p2
2 m q
Ans:
(d)
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Solution:
C1 x2 p3 x3 p2 , C2 x1 p2 x2 p1 , C3 x1 p3 x3 p1
C2 C3 C2 C3 C2 C3 C2 C3 C2 C3 C2 C3
x1 p1 p1 x1 x2 p2 p2 x2 x3 p3 p3 x3
C2 , C3
C2 , C3 p2 x3 x2 p3 0 x1 0 0 x1 0 x1 p2 x3 x2 p3 C1
C3 C1 C3 C1 C3 C1 C3 C1 C3 C1 C3 C1
x1 p1 p1 x1 x2 p2 p2 x2 x3 p3 p3 x3
C3 , C1
C3 , C1 p3 0 x3 0 0 x3 0 p3 p1x2 x1 p2 x1 p2 x2 p1 C2
Q42.
The recently-discovered Higgs boson at the LHC experiment has a decay mode into a
photon and a Z boson. If the rest masses of the Higgs and Z boson are 125 GeV/c
90 GeV/c
and
respectively, and the decaying Higgs particle is at rest, the energy of the
(b) 35 GeV
(c) 30 GeV
(d) 15 GeV
(c)
H B PH Z B
Solution:
EZ B EPH
EZ B EPH
ZB
EPH M Z2B c 4 P1 P2
M Z2B c 4
M HB c
2 EPH M H B c
2
M Z2B c 2
M HB
M z2B c 2
M HB
EPH
EZB EPH M HB c2
2
HB
M z2B c 2
M HB
4
125 125 90 90 c
EPH
4 30.1GeV
2 125
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Q43.
Ans:
(b) q 2 P
(d) qP 2
(c) q 2 / P
(b)
2
Solution: Q q ;
P p / 2q
F2
F
p 2 P 2q F2 q 2 P f ( P)
q
q
F2
Q q 2 F2 q 2 P f (q )
P
comparing both side f (q) f ( P) 0 F2 q 2 P
NET/JRF (DEC-2014)
Q44.
L e t mx 2 V x is
2
Ans:
(a) mx mx
dV
0
dx
(b) mx mx
(c) mx mx
dV
0
dx
(d) mx
dV
0
dx
dV
0
dx
(a)
L
L
V t
1
Solution: L e t mx 2 V x
e t mx and
e
x
x
x
2
d L L
d t
V t
V t
t mx e t
0
e mx
e mxe
e 0
dt x x
dt
x
x
V t
V
0
mx m x
e 0 mx mx
x
x
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q45.
1
1
A particle of mass m is moving in the potential V x ax 2 bx 4 where a, b are
2
4
positive constants. The frequency of small oscillations about a point of stable equilibrium
is
(a)
Ans:
a/m
2a / m
(b)
(c)
3a / m
(d)
6a / m
(b)
1
1
Solution: V x ax 2 bx 4
2
4
1
V
a 2
0 ax bx3 0 x a bx2 0 x , 0
x
b
2V
a 3bx 2
x 2
2V
x 2
a 3b
x
b
Q46.
1
a 2
At x 0,
2V
x 2
m
2V
a (Negative so it is unstable point)
x 2
a
2a (Positive so it is stable point)
b
2a
m
The radius of Earth is approximately 6400 km . The height h at which the acceleration
due to Earths gravity differs from g at the Earths surface by approximately 1% is
(a) 64 km
Ans:
(b) 48 km
(c) 32 km
(d) 16 km
(c)
g
2h
g
2h
g 2h
1
1
h 32 k .m.
g
R
g
R
g
R
According to the special theory of relativity, the speed v of a free particle of mass m and
Solution:
Q47.
mc 2
E
mc 2
(c) v c 1
E
(b) v
2
2 E mc 2
1
m
E
mc 2
(d) v c1
E
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Ans:
(c)
2
mc 2
v 2 mc 2
v2
m2 c 4
Solution: E
1 2
c
1
c E
c2
E2
v2
E
1 2
c
mc 2
Q48.
p2
q 4 where
2m
is a positive constant and p and q are its momentum and position respectively. Given
that its total energy E E 0 the available volume of phase space depends on E 0 as
Ans:
(a) E 03 / 4
(b) E 0
(c)
(d) is independent of E 0
E0
(a)
Solution: H
V q
P2
q4
2m
E0
Phase area
p dq
1
E 4
A
p dq 2mE
AE
1/2
0
Q49.
1/4
0
2mE0
E0 /
AE
1/4
3/4
0
E0 / 1/4
2mE0
p2 1
m 2 q 2 . As a
2m 2
Q
, the Hamiltonian in
q
Ans:
(a)
1 2 2 m 2 2
Q P
Q
2m
2
(b)
1 2 2 m 2 2
Q P
P
2m
2
(c)
1 2 m 2 2
P
Q
2m
2
(d)
1 2 4 m 2 2
Q P
P
2m
2
(d)
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q
p2 1
m 2 q 2 , F F1 q, Q
q
2m 2
F
Q
1p 2 p
.(a)
q
q
Solution: H
F1
1
1
P P q
Q
q
P
Q50.
.(b)
q
1
P
p2 1
Q2 P4 1
1 1 2 4 1
m 2 q 2
m 2 2
Q P m 2 P 2
2m 2
2m
2
2
P 2m
The probe Mangalyaan was sent recently to explore the planet Mars. The inter-planetary
part of the trajectory is approximately a half-ellipse with the Earth (at the time of launch),
Sun and Mars (at the time the probe reaches the
destination) forming the major axis. Assuming that the
orbits of Earth and Mars are approximately circular with
radii RE and RM , respectively, the velocity (with respect
Sun
Earth
Mars
RE
RM
Ans:
(a)
2GM
(c)
2GM
R E RM
r R E RM r
RE
rRM
(b)
2GM
(d)
2GM
r
R E RM r
r R E RM
(b)
R RM r
1 2 GMm
GMm
mv
v 2GM E
2
r
r RE RM
RE RM
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