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C>ii

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BOOK I - G]l).~,.A.i.i

; ..:..r
r

'l !tC'j' HHS

This Volu.n.1e 1 of Book I of the Ha.1.1.Mttwi District litstoey

1ntroduca-c; the reader to the bool::s

and. vohU!le.S

th.e.t follow.

It

describes the important published f'ore-runne:ts of the hhtory, the

purpose and scope- of the llistory. &nd the hruid..iea.ps

was written; and then it describes how- 1t h
~hat

it contains.

und.~r

which it

:f'ortBed end ('\!'err briefly)

A brief paregraph tel.la whet 1e to be f'ound. 1n

each o:f the other volumes of lfook I. which, because of their sub-

Jectc, mu.st be more or less indtviduelly 1Jldepondent; then, with

dmilar brevity, a few wo)':'ds

ot description

of each of th& other

books of the Historir (nook II through Book VIU) are given - Ju.at

to give the ret>Asr an idea of whet main su...bject csn be found treated

in each one.

li'olloYing the introduc.toey eection., this vclwrie describes

certs..!n general subjects whleh npply to the whole of the liietocy
and could not be suitably included 1n
Mission of the Miulha.tten District;

From its verT nature,

appendix references

~his

(J.ppendi~

with a.utho4hmtions only.

11

ans-

other volU]l)e or

book~

"!I'he

A.uthorimat1ons and Lines of

volume mu.st differ in some regpects

A) are confined to the section dealing

(The references e..nd the nppendh: data which

apply to the ste.temfi:nts in the introduction end elsewhere in this

volume can be found in the le.te:r volumes and later books which e.re
<i.escribed.)

{} ,: t~
~ tr~ t
r . --- ..
~

Other appendices (B, C Ei1l~ D) contain; a combined Table of

Oontents of all the eight bookt of the History: Combined Indices -of
the names of persons e.,nd organizn.ttons mE1ntioned1 and a Map showing

the geographical looe.tions of the MMhattan Dist.r lct installations

elld offices,

The locations shown on the map in .Appendix D include-

only those et ltlhich the Distr;Lct ma4rita!necl offices, vnd personnel

&asigne<i to duty c!i"iciaJ.ly for considel"'able periods.

~e

locations

of operations in which the Menhatts.n. Dit?trict h.s.d. a direct interest

were located. ill nearly eve;i:.-y state in the Union and 1.n maJlf foreign
areas

8.$

well ... ln sueh. widely .s gattered plaof:is as; the llelg1e.n

Congo; .Bik:1n1. Atoll in the marshs.11 hlandtJ' Gr~at :Br! tain: CrulB.da;

l te.lr;

Franc~; Ge~;

Ne&as.aki in Japan..

. '1!1nt.a.n . i~ the

Me.riane.~;

introdu.cto~ ~e~tton

official te%'l111nation date of the History

on which the M.enhatten

energy matters to

th~

of the lfh tery has

and

Appendix E contains a general index of the History.

As E!xplat.ned in the

d~

Md ,tUroshima

Dist~1.ct turn~d

Aton'lic Enerttr

u~ed

w~s

the phrase

of thh volume, the

31

1946. the

over ita control of atomic

Co::!U!l3slon~
1

D~cembe~

Wherever e

write~

termine.ti on of the Me.nha tta.n

Di.sti-1ct'' or wordf' to twt effect., it is intended to refer to the

termination of the Dis~rict 1 s control (on JI. Deoe;;\be.r 1946) and not
to the en,d of the

~xhtenoe

'if:as not generally

-under~tood,

of the District,

.Actually, a1 though thh

the Manhattan Distri.c,t eontlnued in

existence for som.a l'lnthu to~er (durill.t,~ the proces~ cf liquidation),

until 1 t \oms officially abolished on 15 August 1947.
D~ce'1ber

12

l 91{g

5~~<.nxon

1-l.

1-2.

.Pu.bl!shed Foierunners of t4e m.ctory

a.

fhe President's

b.

W:.r Dep111rtmen t

c.

11

J~ouncetnl'tn

ts

Whe.t, liQw, When, \'lb.ere

a.

~arly

b.
c.

Gomp~r~ntal1ta tion
~ly OU.tline
tbe

Attitude

cl.
e.

Vc;;t'd.s ".'.S Deeds

Hi.s tory

i.10
1.11

1.11
1.12
1.12
l.i2
1.14
l.15
1.15

a. Meeh?....ntoel Divi~lon
b. Oenere.1 Fre.rnework
What the Hiistocy Conts.1ns
a . Book 1. General

u,

lJQok

.Book lII. i'-9 Project

d..

e.
.

Ge,s Diffudon (K-25) ProJect

Book IV .Pile PJ"Oject, X-10

Bock V,

~ lect~OJ?l8gnetic

:Book Vlt L1qu.1d Thermal

h.
S:8jC~ION

2 ....

(T-12) Project 1.24

1.25

:Book VU, l 'eed Mate.rials Specinl

Proeurem,en. t and Gepgreph1cal

Exploration
llook Vlll Los AlflJl'Kls Project (Y)
~

Ml $SION

or TR1. MAlffiAT~AN

1.26
l.27

DISTRICT

2... 2.

The Districte l-thsion, in Simplest irerms

-J ustification

2-:S.

Indirect Just1f1cat1on

2-1.

1.20
l.21.
1.23

Diffu~ ion,

(s-501, l>roJect
g.

1. 6

1.6
1.7

1.10

g. ?io Apology
How the flietoey ie Du.il t

b.

1.5

l. S
1. 9
1.9
1.9

~nover of Key rersonnel

~tensi~ to ~e!'rlination Da t e

c.

1.3

1. $

To~urd Reco~~s

of

1.1
1.1

1.2

The Srqth Report"

l.'val~tion of Credit
Introd.uciney Mat.eri.al
d. .Period Covered
Ha..d.tcapa of th.e Rh tocy

t.

1-~-.

~.nnouncement

d. Later P.u.blic ~tlon s

.Purpo$e Jld General Scope of the History
a.
b.
e.

1-3.

1 - HT'l'E.ODUCTIOn '1'0 TEE JUSTORY

2.1
2.1

2.3

G,

- .-'

'"

'

.'

.,,, ~,
...;--.I,. .

Ps.r, .No,

Page No,

S:F:CTION' 3 .. A.UV10RlZ/l-TIONS A!ID

3-l.

3,1

!&artiest Government

3... 3.

.Ad\l'iso.ry Coro.mi ttee .on Uranium

~6.

-:5-7.

3-8.
3-0
,/

3"-10,
3-11.

(JF AUTEOllITY

General

}-2.

3-4.
3-5.

T.:.Iln~s

lntere~t

3,2
3,2

First ~rsnd'er of iunds

Timeir Research F.esults ~t Ooluinb1a
National Iie:f'e:nse Resea.t"ch Comm1 ttee
Fi~st Contraots

Nation.al

Acade~

).3

3.3
3,3

3.4
3.4

Revieving Committee

fop J?olicy Group

Beorgantiation
a, OSRD S-1 Section
b, OSRU S-1 Executive Oo~ittee
Act1vatio~ of the M~ttP...n District
a. Report qf 9 .arch 1942
b. RepQrt cf 13 June 1942 - A Presidentinl
Ditee tiTe
(l) S~tus of' the Prograan
(2) Recollllnendatiqns of the Progl'&l!t C.hie:t's
and tha Pl enn.iQg .Boa.rd
(3) Oqmroento on the Recommendations
( 4) ReeoJ!lllle:ade.tions of fu-, Bush and l>r

:.._ ...
- ;J

Conant
c.

Departures.

d.

~~

frOR?

the T-res1dent1e-l Directive

(3) MaJor

Gen~ral

t.

R~

3.6
1.6

3.6

3.6
J. i

3,7
3.~

3.9

3.11

3.13
3.13
3.14
3.14
3.15
J.lb
3,.17
J.1S

Orge.n.1zation

(t) District :E.ngineer

(2) !J'.anhattan ,Uistr1ct.
M1lt tary l?olic~ Comm! tt'e<l
Combined Folie;y- Comm_tttee
Continuation of f41thor1 ty

3.5
).5
3,5

Groves

General Will." Pover >..u.thorh&ti.ons

a.. Publ~c Law No . 703

),lB

n-0. 354

}.18

~.

L~w No. 580

~eeutl\re Orcl~r Uo..

f.

Order of 'the Secretacy o! War, da.ted.

3.19
3.19

b,
o.

fu.blic I,ia.w

d,

Public

.Pul;il~o

Law No, 507

3.19

9001

30 December 1941
Additional Specific

u.
b.

J.19
3,19

Autborization~

DirecU ve en .Elxtrao:rdinar Secu.ri ty

Measures

3,20

Delegation of Authority by the Vnder

Secreteuwy of War

3.20

1i

r:-:~"."-

----- --.. -

-----, --

---.

-- - ---,.---

'

-... --- ---. -. -----.....---

.... -

RUATION

f~;

\:L,,)

Par. No.
c.

DBlego.t1on of Authority by Gene:t;!al

Grotes
d.

Authority to Set.t le

Clai~s

3.20
S:gdnst the

3.20
3.20

United. States

3- 11.

.A:ppropri~;.tiona

SEG'.i'IO}f

4-

TO'l'l~L OOSTS

4.1

'*'l1wo .Billion Dolle.rs"

Accounting for the United States Atomic

En.ergy Oommios ~on
nreakdown of Costs
A?~.&1TJI X

l+.l

..3

1.J.

A - Ref erenoes !n Section 3

APPENDIX .B - Combined ll1abl o of Contents

>.I'Pr!liID! X 0 - -OoniQ.i?'.\ed. Indices
(1) N$.llles Qf Pa~&O~~

(2) Uru;aes of A.gencies. Industrial Organi.za..tions,

Universi tiee., etc.
Jl..Pf'ENDIX D - Hilp, Manl\e.ttan Dhtr1et !nsta.lle..tionE:

and Offices

APPENDIX: E ... Ge."Leral Index (of the whole History)

111

A1'0MIC
---.---_'."."'"

-~-

-.---- --.

'.... ---_

--_ ..,

-~- - -

....--........ :~--

SE~RltAXIO.U

~-
MAf>1lATT.Ali DIGT.UICT HIS 11.10RY

Book I, General - Volwne i. G.lllni.JRAL

SEOTION l -

TO

! N ~RODUOTIOIT

~'ffi!J HIS~OHY

1-l,.. Published ll'o;rerunners of the ITistorl

T'ne Pre-s1dent 1 s Announcernen!:._ 'l'he first words to reach

a.

the general public ... in this or

an~

other country ... of the successful

cie\telop111ent of the atomic boinb, were contained in the announcement of

Preeident Harry s. Tru.man on 6 .A.ugunt 19~5.

The fJtatement issued by the

l>r~sident

on that day ennounced

that "an A.rnel"ican ai.rplane had dropped one bonib 11 on. the city of lUrosM.ma
1n Japan and "'d.estl'<eyed l ts unefulnesa to the enemy- 11

descriptive wol"ds on

11

A:tter e, few

the 'battle of the le.boretories", which had produced

the bomb . and about the poolir:I& of the interests of the United States
end Great

~r1 taint

the President went on to

s~:

"The greate-st marvel

is not the site of the enterpx'i.se. its secrecy, nor its

~oet,

but t.he

achievement of scientific b:ta1ns in putting together infinitely complex

piaces of knowlede by many men in di:fferent :tielde of science into
-.roi-ka.ble plan.

And hardly less m&rvelou.s hes been the cape.Ci

tr

of

ind.ustr,v to design, MCI. of la.bor to operate. the machines and methods

to do things
came

for~

Both

~cience

neve~

done before, so that the brain child of many minds

in pbysicul

~hape

end performed as it Yas

~upposed

to do

and industry worked under the direction of the United

States Array, which achieved a. unique euccese; in managing so diverse e..

problem in the P..dvance.men t of

k:nowledg~

in

f.l.n

e.ina zingly short time.

1s doubtful i:f such e.nother combination cou.ld be got together in the

It

),

' 'j

~";~.I

world,

gre~test

What has been done is the

science in hhtory.,
b.

achievement of' organized.

It was done under high pressure and without failure. u

War l)epa.rtment Anoouncements - Immediately after the

President had issu,ed h1s announcement. other

b~

E;t~. tements

''1 ere released.

the Wer Department, the first by Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson,

in which the general history of the atomic bomb project through the ve.r
yea.re was briefly outlined.

These stE.tements were eonfined to the bare

bones of history, mention1Pe the pai-ts played in the earliel' aeenes 'by
the pioneering nuclear scientists of mru:iy col,mt;oies and, 1n pe.rticular
by those of th.e United Sts.tet, G:reat.. l~r1 Wn e.nd Canada; then the parts

played by President Franklin D. Roosf:Vel t; by the Offi.c e of Scientific

Research and Development; tmd by the

11

tiu11tary f'oltcy Comta1ttee 11 , head.ed. by

Con.a.tlt

General l'el1e1 .Group'' a.nd the

Dr. Vanneval" Bui;:h .end Dr. James :s.

These statements ilso described how d-ecision

by the President

\i:SS

made and a.pproved

1n .rune 1942. to expa:n d the work grea tly

and ~o

transfer

the pZ'ogre.m to the War Depa.rt1llent; how the enterprise then received the
.ruime ilManhe.tt&n
named. the

11

Project"~

bow the organiEatton car-rying on tll.e work was

Manha.ttan Dhtr1ct 11 ; how

Majo~

General L.

a.

Groves was

appointed by the Seereta:cy of War to take complete e>tecutive charge of

the prog.r ao and "Was ma.de

<i.1r~ctly

re11ponslble to the Secretaey of

~al"

end the Chie:f' of Staff; and how e. toial of about two billion dollars had
b~en

spent.

The statement issued by the Secretu.cy of War also d.h clorrnd

by brief dascriptio~, the principal loca tions at which the work of th~

Mu.nhatten District ha.d been ee.rried on: the Clinton Engineer Works and
the

11 c1

reser"'!'f~ tion

ty 11 of Oak Ridge, "on a Government

-r-- -::. . .

.
~

',

..

of some 59, 000

..

__... ~

--,:-~--:-:~.- --_,_~-~- ~~--:---.-- ~:"~-~-r~~.~--~- --~,.

....

-'

7 -~z."'T'.~

. -.. ,...- ,_

SEC

e.cres, neat' Knoxville, Tennessee"; the Renford Engineer Works and. the
to\<m of nichle.nd, ilon e. (hwE?rnment reservati()n .o f 430.000 acre.fS'' near
?as co, W'ashingt.on; uid the

11

t?pecia.l le.boratoey dealtng with the ln!llly

technical problems involved in putt1rtg the componentn together into

an effective bomb ln an isolated area tn tM vicinity of SEU1.ta Fe,
lfow Me.:deo (r.oe Alamos).

The eta.tement also referred. to other smaller

plallts 1n the United Ste.tee e.nd Canada which had prod'U.Ced needed
!!lateria..ls, and it listed. a few of the many

1~borate!X'ies

... at Columbia

tJniverd ty, Univers1ty of Chicago, U.n1verd ty of Oal.1fQrnia., Iowa State

College, - which cQntributed materially to the research and

ef

$peci~l

equipment, materials. a.nd processes tor

mentioned U.kewise. 'by name, Just a few of the

th~

dev~loprnent

proJect.

mMf induetrlal

lt

organ-

1aat1on.s which had borne such a vi. tel part in the success of the proJectf

E. l. du Pont de Nemours & Oomptsi:l1 1 M.

w.

Kellogg Co., J. A. Jones, Co.,

t1n1on Oe.rbid.e & Clil'bon Co., Stone and Webster Engineering Corp.,

Chrysler, General Electric,

West.inghou.s~.

TheJ;"e were many otbert which

might have been menti.oned cl.so.

c.

The Seyth Report" - fhen, a few days later,

o~

lZ August

1945, after the second oombat atom.le. bomb had 'been droppE!d on N'ega.$ak1
(on 9 August 191t5) sud two d~s before Je,p an offered to surrender, t~
official report ent.1 tled. 11 .Atom1c Energy for Mi.11 ta.cy J.>u.rpoErns",

Professor H. D. Sl!Wth of Princeton University, ws.s issued.

~hich

This report 1

was caTefully acrut1n1eed and censored. before publication, b'iJ

specie.l appointees of

close

bf

lll.Q.y'

Gener~l

Groves. to insure that it wo\tld not dis-

eecret 1nformat1on which might imperil the security of the

Ct

#iS

United States or its partners in the enterprise goeB into oonside:rab1e

detail in deGcr1b1.ng the basic scientific theories and facts, appli-

cable to the project, which were generally known to the world of science
before the project
~e

~as

undertaken.

It alao

desc~ibes;

in general terms,

probleme which had to be .. ruid were, solvedt the- general progress

'Phich was ma.de at su.cc$ssive stages; the

variou~

l!lethods aid

which were considered s.nd undertaken for the production of

fhdo~bl~

material; 8lld the e.dmin1atrative organizations which directed

trolled the work,
B.re

proc~eses

~nd

con-

('l'he prepe.ratton and publication of the Smyth Report

described in Cha.pte:r 13 of V()lume 4 of thh book, end the Report

itself may be found bl!long the press

rele~ses

in Chapter 8

ot the same

volume.)

Dr.

~th

starts, for hie text, with Dr. Albert Einstein's

foti.n.ul a tor the equivalence of mas$ and energy:

(where "E" is enerp-,,y lift" 1.e ey:i.ss . end

If mass

1~

11 C"

is the veloct ty of light.

ex.preBsed 1n gram$, end veloeity of light in centimeters per

second, energy will. be expres$ed 1n ergs.)

Re describes, step by

~ tep,

the disCO'Ver1&$ of inl',iJOr~t phenomena Of J<&dioact!,vity- and. their

a1gn1fiee.nce 1 leading up to the

discover~

of ura.n1Ul!l fission and 1tn

implications, Wlt11, in June 194o el.tho~ e. chain reaction h1d not

~et

been obtained,

11 1 ts

posf31bil1 tr

,.

f!.t least 1n principle -

WEl.s

clear

HESl ffi{lrED Df\Tt\

Gf ACT l9'1C

&nd. severd p a ths tlrn.t might lea.d. to 1 t bad been sue~es ted" . * (Smyth

1 t wa s a t &bout this t1me, as described by Dr. Srtiyth th.i:::.t

a censorehip comm! ttee was set up, in the l1a. tione.l Research Oouncil,
to control publication of papers on urt1111um fis~ion; and then, aftc~

the Manhattan Dhtrict was pl.eced in charge, in the summer of 1942

reeponsibi.li 1;,y for promulgation and enforcement of dl eeei.\r1 ty

regulations relat1Dg to the entire proJ ec t was dele.g1:. ted to the

Oomm&nd.ing General of that orge.nha ti.o.n..
e.nd

Ver;; l! t;tle 1nfotma ti-Qn ...

none of 1 t of fl.erious import ... l&e.lted. ou.t, so th.at the p:roJect

well earned the title of nthe beet-kept &ec-ret of the We.ri .

d.-

Later Public&tions - J..11 developments, from the

tmrmnel"

or 1940 untll .August 1945, were carried ou.t behind. the ourtain of
e~ereey

imposed by war th1e condition&"

1945 the curtain was 11.tted

sligh.~ly ..

b~ statement~ io~ued by

the War

report.

succe~sfW.

'rhit

W<:.G

afte!'

As we have seen, in Aue,ust

f'irst by the .President and th.en

Depe~tment. incl~ding

Dr. Snwths

combat use of the E<.tomic l>omb, when

1 t ws.s felt to be m.111 tarily useful to a.ppr is e the J epenese a.s fully

es possible of the enorrd ty of the weapon which

'W ea being ut;e-d. against

(Footnote; It was in April. 194o, that the book by Dr .Earv&y E. White.

of the Universlty of Oe.lifornia

11 Claaeioal

and Modern

P~sics.u

vas

first pu.bliebed, with a preface dated Janua..ry l94o, and. a ch~ter on

the Atom1c Nucleus containi~ the follo~1ng st~tements (pp. 615.616):
" uranium r.ney turn. out to be a.n avdlable source of un-t cl.1. energy":

"should uranium &toms of weight 235 be responsible 0r the

observations Just described, it seems reasonable to suspect that ~
tma ll piece of ura.ntum metal compo$ed ~ntirely of the13e atom~ alone,
rihould. a.ct like ~ bomb and explode with far greater violence than any
known explosive.")
a,nd~

!'rotn ttme to time du.rine the period :following August

them.

1945 the

cu.rtc:..in h.e.s been lifted further. for the mont pe.rt by ata teL'lel\t$ issued
by the War Department cand articles, pnperG, etc, a.p p rovcd by

tha t

Department. but the 'Vital secrets of Just wha t the Manha ttan Dis tri~t

did, end how, have remained

l-2. Pu.rpoae and General

n,.

to the gerteral. public.

undisclo~ed

Sco~e

cf the History.

\\'hat, Uo"'1, When, ,Where - The Manhattan District Historf

most of which is, end. XDa remain e. cl&Ssifi.e d sec:i:et

to describe. 1n simple terms, easily lllld.erstood

b~

dr;>e~wnent,

is intended.

the average reader,

just ,.,hat the Manhattan Di8trict did, and how, 14hen.

~d

where.

It

des cribes" briefly, the ve.ri.ou.s: parb of the ot-ganization and who did

what; 1t shows;, in round figures, hQw much the various parts of the work

cost, how they were

authoriz~d;

how c ont~a.ctors were Gelected... end how

contrac\.s were made, aQ.m.in1f1tf;Jred, and carried cut.

been mad.e to in&u.re tha.t the doewnent es
e.e to fa.ch, theo:-ies snd opiniGne.

t.:.

Every

~f!ort

bas

whole is hi\;torically correct,

lnso.f&r

al!:

the historical evaluation

of the significance of all thef.te fa.ch, th-eo1'1es and. cpinionEJ ie cort-

earned, u1'f1cient time ha.6 not elapsed between the occurrence and the
record.

Such s.nalyds l!nlst be left for future hhtorie.ns to perform

bu.t the preser>.t purpose has been to include. e..s fat

po-sdble all

significant data~ ehowi:og e..1 1 sides of every pertinent question.

only huge *1U.Ccesses but cl.so

vill be :found

:rt'r.:~rded

mi~or

Not

fail'1.1res of the Men....11.attan. District

in the Be pages.

Uncertainties, difficul tles,

occasion.el fumblings have been included and, in some inste.nces, where

differences of opinion on e.ny important eubject
_~\
)

hr..:.s been

L'lW:l e.

ri- ~~~~:~~l'i'"'~
'

existed, the attempt

to give the read.er t'l::o or more different views.

~....J -

h~~e

. '

b.

Evaluation of Cred it ... .Amon& the ma.ttexs which cannot

be evalue.tcd properly r.. nd fairly 8.t this thte it the degree of cred.i t
for succes s - either in larg e or tn sma ll a.;rea.13 o:f the a ctivities of

the Manhattan District - to which any

indlvid~el

or any group of

1nd1~

Ji:ven if the perspective of the recent psst

viduals may be entitled.

had a.lTeady become su.ff ici ently defined to permit meritorious work to
be eva lmi ted. fa1t'ly ~ the mechanies of the wri tine; of this H.1.e tory would

rende!" 1 t d1ff1cul t, if not :impOtHdble te attain uniformly correct

results,.

The

H:i~tory

ta the work of

man~

writers rmd no t wo of them

could have the same understanding of the project ae a

o! them 0:0uld at\s.in the same compn.i-at1ve

of

individu&l~

engaged on

wtdel~ sep~rat~d

writer. frorn a Umi ted v1evpo1.nt, might

~h~le;

no two

in eVa.lua ting the deserts

r~tings

parts of the project; one

overproah~

a minor accomplishment,

while Gllo th.er wr1 ter might under-estimate the work of a ma jor a.ecomplhh-

lllant.

Aecordingl1, every effort he.u been made to

pl'.'~vent

frorn including 1.n the History any evalua tion of the

1nd1vidu.alo or grOUps of

individu~le .

the

r1t~rs

a.ccompl~sluitants

Insofar as possible, the

of

na.l'tle~

of those concerned in every J,3 a rt of the project have been re E;orcled, but
words of praise have been elimina ted.

The unadorned factual reci ta.l of

aeeomplishme.nts ishould. thus permit eaeh reader to exercise bis own

Judgment., if he wishes 1n dehrmining the degree

<:Jf

crodi t to which

he thinks various individuals nre entitled; and those who read t he record

in future

yea.re~

a fter time hus a rranged all events in proper perr,pective,

may be l!.ble to cietermine more

f'&!rl~

and accura tely the relathe

tions in history of those who sh&red, in this enterpdne.

()

posi-

()

it
c.

!ntrbductory

~a ter1F.t1

- In telliDl; the s tocy cf the l.fo.n-

ha tten District, the History includes. 1:1.s ba.ckround informa.tion or ~s

in.tioC..uctory l'ttf;.terial, much of the histor1 Qf E:vents which

before _the Dlst:rict wa s organh:ed.

t~c:...nap ired

This a,p p lieG mo s t pa.rtioul arly to the

vital hietoey-mald.ng activities of the Office cf Scientific Research and

Development. prior to the begin.nines of the District in. 1942 and until

t h.at Office tu.med over the last of its contracta in the field of a tomic
energy to the District in 1943.

It applies ll:J,.sQ t.o much of the earl~

scientific hiti>toey which 1a so well c-0V'ered by Dr. Smyth in h16 report.

Al tho'IJh the Smyth

Ite or~

he.s been incorpora ted

e.$ ~

p ert of the Man.bet tan

District HiPtor1, nearly everything in 1 t. is repeated., in

in one volume or anothel.' e>f thts Hhtoey.

similar data

1llU.$t

serve a.a

of the subject (as,

separ a tion)
able.

eo~e

ro~

1ntroductor~

example

ve.ri~tts

~ater

detail

In.4eed, becaui:ie the same or

material to more than one phase.

different

processe~

of isotope

rep et1 ti on within the His toey 1 ta elf" hae been Uf4.e.Void-

ll!speciallf beca.u$e different subjects have been

tr~ated

by

difi'~rent

writers, it has been felt that the advantages of coherence and completeness in tree.ting each subject sepltra.tely wil.t outweigh the dha.dvante.ge
of occa.sionm.l

d.

may be said to

r ~pet1 tioi+&.

.Period Covered .. The period. covered by the Histo:ry. then,

~tart

Erior to the date of the official

Manha tton District on 16 AllgU..&t 1942.

~~tivation

of the

'!'his period extends through the

su.ecessful use of the e.tomic bomb on Ja.p&IJl, through the termination of

hostilities, to include a..1 1 the (.l.Cti vi ties of the

H~ttan

1Jistrict

which foll owed. W1t11 the enti.re project was officially turned over to

t he Unit ed St a.t ea Atomic Energy Comni$don, in eccordance with t be terms

D DATJl

of the Atomic J!~nergy Act of 1911-6. on 31 December 19li6.

1-3. Handicaps of the PJ.story.

a.

m&.rly Attitude

Tow~rd

Records - At the

~eg~rmtng

of the

project, when a major 1mrpose of the work of the M.anhattan District wr.e
to beat the (}erman.s in reaching the goal of s.n effective e:tomtc bomb.,
while intiurin.g in e'Verv conceivable way that t;he enemy should not find
Oll.t

1t,1hat was going on in this cou,ntcy, the

wa.e one of gener:a.l, opposition to records.

~ttttude

of all co.naerned

Record.a were dangerous.

They muot be d.h.pensed with or destro_y~d. whenever possible.

cpnsequence we.s that original records

discus.dons

or decbions

i.n ihe eztrenie.

a-etions, thougbts, purposes,

were in some respectp non-existent

07:'

nte&.ger

Tb.is has been a. difficult handicap to the wX'i ters of

~

the liistoq.

er

The logical

..

W.nen the need :for writing th~ history was realized, at about

the end of 1~44, i 1: beC$.1?1e necessary tQ dig u1) from h~re, th.ere and

everywhere $UCh inoomplete

them. oftentimerQ,
b~

oy

~ecords

as were

~vailable

and to

su;pplem~nt

the re.Qollections -of individuals concetned.

Compe.rtsnentalb;ation - Anothe:i7

se~ious

handicap arol!ie from

th') policy cf noompartmentcl..1zat1on 11 which governed the security regu.lationa under \>."hich the Me.nhattan District 1r1as ope:rated..

successful
~eariure

prot~ction

Al though. the

of the seorecy of the project vas in no small

due to thlas policy it CW:lfiot be denied that colllpartmenta.lization

riad.e the hie tor,y-wri ting tB.$k more <tifficul t.

With these concerned. with

the pro.ject perm1 tted to know only so .tlUoh of who.t was go!ne on tie they

required for their own Gpecific parts of the work, 1t beoa.l!IG neceeaary
to use mf:lny wr-iters ;;.nd for theee wri terG to coUl'!l'U.l t r.vmy people, to

r~~~~

~t. 1

piece the vrr.rtoi.i::i p r::..rt i;; of the c tory toeethot.

A furthe;r result of

this s-it'lL<ltion. t1as diff!cul t y in determlnirig the relative runount of

.If sorue pcl'ts

weight to b e e..ttE>...ched t o diffe rent pieees of the storv..

of the History A.p!Jea.r to be unbalnnced. 1 with undue

&mount

~f

spe.ce

civ~n

the treat ment of

r..no tha ~;

~a.r,lr

c.

handicapped t he

to one subJect

an~

we~ 1ght

a corresponding

of' an widue
1nadequa~1

in

compartmentol1iation h.aa b.eeu tn soroe measure

Outline of thti H11;toey ""' Cornpe.rtmentalt.. ~at!on al.po

earl~

plsnning of the tu.story.

Those who first a ttempted.

to make a workable cut11ne, to fo:nn a framework which could

b~ uphol~

s tered, bit by b1t, by the stories of the ve.rlous t:i,ctivt tit'?s of the

District, were themselves ignore.nt of man.v of the phetes of the \:Tork

t:.h!ch would be descrS,.oecl.

lt wB.S therefore neeesea.ey to rev1se the

outline itself from time to time, as the wr1t.ing

,;;'. )

progre~sed,

move some :pe.rts of the history from one place to enother,

volume t.o another. or from one 'book to

another~

in a n ideal ul t1mate arra:ngemen t and such fl'All h

general

l a~out

a~

and to

from one

111111! di<l not result

D.S

t hl':lrc ere in the

.snd arrangenent o! the bookts end volumes, the chapters,

Bee tions and para5I'e..p hs, have been c a.used. in some me1;;.sure b1 this

For one nota.b le example, two volume.s of' .Book X, Yos. 2 and.

condition.

3,

h ave be en or nitt e.d altogether, becall$e these volume s were origina lly

reserved for meteritil trh1ch wt:ti ultimately plec ed els.ewhere.

d..

Word~

vs. Deeds - The important bag-innings of the writing

of the Hi-story were undertaken du.ri ng the fir e t helf of

1945,

while

th? pro J ect was a t the peek of p roduction a oUvl ty, l<llan e11 were

s tra.ininc every nerve to atta in their go t!-1 - to ..9_, to e.ccompl1th r esults.

"

.)

1.10

-:--.,--:.

()

Under these conditions, it i.f! not surp:dsing tha t many of tho se whose
ht!!lp in writing the

inv.!!l'ble oou.ta. not

Hi$tor~ \:t&.s

m1il.ke nuch h elp a s complete as it might have been.

took precedence

~ver

Deeds

the time to

n~cesnar:Ll~

words .

"'ru.rnover of Key Personnel

e.

sp ~te

When hontillties ceased,

t here were wide gap t in the liiatory still t o be filled and a t that
ti me numerous ohe,nge.s in pereon.nel began, thu.a ad.O..i ne s.

famil lnr:

wt th

handi,-

actions of t_h e pa st. the d1f.ficnu ty of obtaining in-

formation. about these past

f.

.:f~rther

Extension to

action~

we.t rx1ea:nura.b ly

Te~mination

Date -

lihtory wa o first undertaken, fullsca.le

'-~en

increas~d.~

the writing of the

ho~t111 ths.

were proceeding

agf.Linst our two 11iajor enemies., ana. the activitle$ of the Ma.nhe.tta n

Di$trict were still continuing into an indefinite future .

There

ve:re no means of determining the termtnat!on of the p el"iod to be

cc:vered

b~

the Histoey.

Jew, if

coincident da tesJ and each writer

any~
va~

of the vol'l.tll1es were commenced on

requested to

prepar~

his draft

to s.ome convenit!!nt date in tho near p a st, as of his particular datei

of writing; the teri:iino. tion dates of the original drafts of clif!erent

volumes renged from April

1945 through

D~cember

1945, with eoree

baa.rt~

the da te of the e~d of the fisc al yea.r . 30 June 19ll!}, and oome bearing

a date near tho end of host111 ties , July or August l.945.

1!he expec-

t a tion was tha t periodic supplements or extension.s of the volwnes would

be written in the future , after
coropletad..

()

~1ien, in December

&

!inal d.ra ft

~f

the orig inal h a.U. been

191.16, the d.Eite of t ermina tion of the

p e!'iod cf t he Hin tory 31 December 19t1G, ha d be en detet-roinad , it became

::---

--:-:.-:----~.-..--

. ._.--:--

~
~)

n E:l c es sa.r y to c.rrcmge for nll

volumf. ~ .

b oth those

~hi ch

wer e :fiti.iahed
f~1e

r:-.nd t hos e wb1ch were unfinished to be c.on tlnu.ed to t hEi.t elu t e.

p olic:t i;.dop t ed., in general. has provided for extend1nf; suppk .l.iie nb for
be ~n

those volurner: which had

finished . or nee.rlir fii+hhcd. 1 whe n

wn.s fixed; the other volumes were

rev~sed

extension in the t:lf:l!n teY.t, e.ll the wa:y

~dt!f!d

eo as tp over t.b.e

through~

th.i~

p eri~'l

dat,e
cf

Thes e circuns tances

some\':ha t to . the corn;pliez.t1onG to w]l'!,c;h the writing was aubject()d

end i noree.s ed

ma. teri ~ ly

t h e time required t o cNnp lete the m.s t or:r.

al:flo efylain one of the f ea.t ures i n which the finh hed. volumes

from uniformity
g.

v:he1

dep~.rt

No Apology. ...

Th~

not in.tended e a s-n apology..

enu.rner e.tion of the above

It is

b~Ueved.

hc;.ndic ~ps

t lwt the a htocy .e.t a whple

c an a.nd ehoul d be judged on 1te mer1 t~ a s 1 t b wi tho\.>.t comment

t>f

praice

or crt ticis:m or la.pologyt 'but 1 t is believed tha t the :c1rcu:mata.nce s under

which t he v ri ttng we.a .:perf'ormed should be r ecorded, tot- the l>enefi ti of

inquiring hi$toriene of the f"utul"e.

sidef of the

inv~.u.a.ble

Much CQult1. be

s ~id

en the ether

a..tiahta.nce fun11.d1ed by- all who l'l'l!fl:'e

cons'\ll.~ed;

of the extremely useful reports e.nd de$Cr.l,.ptions preps.red by Univerdty

~..nd

other contrEt.Ct.ors on me.ny

plw.se~

of the v.orlq and o'f the untiring,

conscientious !forts of t he writer$ themselves.

l.4, How the History it Built.

eon'lposed. of ei:ht
Som~

books~

each comprised of one or mere s epe.r.$t e volumes.

bookf exe cowp o~od of a considerable nwnbcr of volumeu ( Book 1

ha,,, 12 Volumes, numbereC:. fro m 1 t o l.J.J.. with Volumes 2 r.t.rtd.

.3

o.mi tted);

.-,

()

Appendices or "Top Secre t ;' Supplement s .

.Nee.rly

. ~
i ~

1~~

r-i~
)_

.....--

..........- --.

~---

tr:
~I~

ev~ry

volume hli,S appandice o

sidere.ble bulk, are bound in. sepa..rate covers.

letters, reports, end other documents which are particularly useful or

desirable as supplements to the main text and e.re not too balky
b.clu.sion.

One Apj;>endix. 1n nearly every volume

only; giving the tltle <r.nd :file location

original source material - so that

of

consi~h

of references

~terial.

other

fo~

ui.mally

r-eader who ha.s acces$ to the

files may, if he wishes, pursue an;r subject more intensively.

At the beg1nn1llg of es.ch volume there 113

fJ..

brie;f Forewcrd.,

fltats.ng pertinent facts 'k'hich mq have influ,enced the '1riting:, the dtate
to 'hich the history covet"ed by tbe volume ha:a bee:n written. and usually
(if this de.te h
volume is

earlier than 31 December

.:' acco~anied b~

1946)

e.n extending 11.ppendix.

'1hethel" c.r not the

The l'orewp:rd is

followed by s. T&ble of Oont'e ntc i:.:nd then by a. Sumn~y

ot

(usually less than 201: of the le~th of ~he main text).

the volutle

At the end

of ea.eh volume there is U$ually an Index, andt in th.e more

expres sions not found. in e.n

ordinar~r

tec~"licsl

dictionaey.

It is not necnesu.e.ry to give here e. mere. list of f,h.e titles

of G.11 the booke tmd volumes ... such a 1 is t f:4:pp eo:rS. in Ji.ppeM.ix D of
this volume - nor is it neceua.ry to swnrnarize here the b()ok:s or the

volumes -

su~h

oummUl.l'ieG appear

in

e~ch

volume

but, to

o~ient

the

reader and to help hlra to find. npecific subjects. the general frwnework
of the History 1,,U.l be d.e.acri'bed e.mi (in a follcwirig flection) e feir:

SECmtlll !9FORJ4.AfION

words abou.t ea.ch of the tucceed:tng bookE.: will be

b,

Gene~a.l

p;resented.~

!l;rwuework - The di visicm of the llis to;r.~' in to books

parts of the project; :Book lI co\rers the Gc;;s I)iffu.don ? roJect (n.t

Oak Ridge)t ~ook III. the

munitions p l<:;;nts 1n the

?-9, or

u. s.

He.t:1.Vy Wa,ter, Project (at varioui;;

en:l a t <:m im'l:u.strial pln..nt in Oane.da);

l:look I'V, tbe Pile l'rojeot (at Hanford,. Ve.s hi.uaton) i .Book V the ;il)lectrom,;~gncttc

~hermal

( ;;.t Oak Ridge)' :aook VI 1 The Liquid

Project

.Dii'fusion

Project (at Oak Ilidge); an.d Eook VIII, th~ Los Alamos .?;-oJect (princip:;\.lly nt Los Alamos)..

:Oook VII ii? devoted to

Procurement and. Geographical Explora tion "for

a whole, while :Book I, of which this is u

11 li1

eed tfateria.ls Spee-1.a.l

th~

p~.rt .

2'1anhattan Project as

covers:. those subjects

which are 1n g enei-al pertinent to the prQject c,s a whole o.r

to two or 111ore of the

su'bjeoh l-thicb. .BJ"e

S\lbJect~

t orm~d.

period of oonvt?rsion :from

aetivi ti es which are in

~.n.o1;her.

tre-ated in.

bo(:lks; an.d certain

11Au.Jc11i ary Activitiea 1".

~ar.... tiine

npeci~l

do not beloug in

oth~r

to

poe.ee~time

p~x-tinent

con~ist.ing

prtncipa.lly

operat.ion 1 and of

categories and,for Qne

rea~ on

or

0th.er v.olume.

!n de.a.Hug with the ~ub~S.die.cy p~ojects (of the Ma.n.hu.tte.n

1~.rojeot as a whole) 1 in the bo~ks concerned. with tbe ve.J+iou3 different

process~s
Pro~j~ct.

of' mcnu,fa.o ture or p roduction (such us the G<J.ri Diffusion

c.nd the Elect:rom8b'11at1c Project), the ;frwi.e'"ork of e e.ch book. 9

typlcu.lly, i tt conposed of volumos hi;.v ine the .following nelf-exp1Dli$.tory

ti tle!'l:

Vol . l,

fienerl~l Jtto~tures ;

Vol. 21 .Research: Vol.. 3. Design;

1.14

("'C l1"ii~

~ni:t

RES.

(!!

r: rtJl2'(

~n ~G

Vol. 41 Construction; Vol. 51 Operation; antl., l1t1.Wllr. e. Supplement

concerned with produ.ction.

:Book III, the

exrul:!plel

P-9

$01ne

variations occur in specia.1 cases; for

PI"Oject, ts containe:d

1.n which the fir.s t five sect1onti

b~nr

titles

titles listed above. while a sixth section

['h~mal

corre~ponding

b~ars

in one volume,
to

the titlec:

th~

volurae

11 0rganiv.a t1on

lV, the Pile Project has en addition.al volume

and PerGonnel"; Book

1li.se>:ted e.s nwnber

~ntirely

4z

11 Land

AcquidUon 11 ; and Book VX {th& Liquid

Diffusion. P.x'OJect), which 1s e.lQo contained 1n a single V-OlWlle,

is composed of sections entitled: l. Introduction; 2. Research;

3.

Dedt;n

Em.d Construction; 4. Description Qf .Plant; 5, Operati,Qr.,.~; 6. O.rg.ani:u.:..ticn

Emd Pereonne-1.
~ook

VIII, the Los Ale,mos Project1 differs

~kedl~

in

its

t'J;"amework from the othe.r 'books devoted to prodU.C~1on projects, pri-

marily because of the different manner 1n which this project

up and

e.d.m1n.1ster~d,

wa~

set

and beca.ui;e of the numerous ramlficationn of the

aotivi t1es wt tb which this proJect wa.s eoncerned outside Qf Los Ale.mos.
Wni~

book has tb,X'ee volWlles= Vol. l, Generfllf Vol. 2, '.f.lechnleat: and

Vol. 3, Auxiliary A.ct1v1tie.s.

1-5.

\ihat the ill.story Oont.a.1no ..

t-.

4) of

Book 1, General - All except one {Volume

volumes of this book

cove~ subject~

which are enera.ll,y

tM twelve

pertin~nt

to the

projeet Ls a whole. or te> two or more of tJle subjects treated in other

books {e.a mentioned iibOTe).

Theae subJecta c;;re fnf.l.de fairly obvious 'by

the t1. ties of their volumes.

Volume

4 c.o vers the ffJ\.uxiliery Ac ti vi ties 11

previously described.
Vol. l. 11Genera1'' (this volwrte) presenh the introduction
to the Hir;tory, t he Mission of the Manhe.ttun Dietrict the Author-

D
0;-s~-r:-~
_,.

"'

. --.:-----".:.,.. ----.--7~

. -~:; .-.~~: r--~._-i

.---:-"'

..

-~~ ~_...---.-_';---~---~;1.-;-.:--~7-m~.<17-,-~""""'"::-

: _-- ...

.-~-:--~ ":'_ ..,,.. _ ~, .. --,,-,.

h a tions for the work of the iwnhattan District as a whole. the 'l1otal
Coi:rts. nnd, 1n upp en.d.ices, a Combined T(:t.b].e of Contents, Cti?!ibined Indices

(of the na.m~s of persons and organh Htion;t),~a Ms.p showing the locations
of Menhattan District

Insta.1.lation~

and a General Index of the whole History.

Vol. 2 end Vol. 3 artt omitted.

Vol. 4. UJ1.Udli.~ Ac ti.vi ties" is di v1d.ed in.to 14 ehapte~s and.
one Su.ppl.ement, the titles

sent

or

l.'h.ich deeoribe them su:f'ficientlr for pre-

purpose~;

Chap. 2, Foundation. of the N:S.t1on.&.l Labora tories.

Chap.

3, ?roltl'fim tor

Che.p.

4, Research. and Development of Atomlo Energ1 for Power.

&'~oduotion

and Dist:rl.b u.Uon of Rndio-

isotopes.
\

Ohap.

5, Declassification and Dist:r1but1on of Project

information.

Chap.

6, tnvest1gat1on of the After Effects of the aombing

in Japan..

Chap. 7. Oon.tribu.-ti~11s of .RepresentaUves ot the Manhattan

District to t .h.e :Discussions e.nd ~ropoaals for lntern~tional Control.

Chap. 15, Press Releases.

Ohap.

9,

Aadr..ta.nee on the Oe.nad1an Pile Project;.,

Ghe.p. 10, The Qak 'Rldge Institute- of Nuclear Studies.

Ch~p.

11 Ames PrQject (Iowa State

College)~

C.hap. 12, Activities of the :National Bureau of Standards.

Ohap.

13, .?reparnt1oli nnd Pu.'blieaUon of the Sm..vth .Report.

Chap. 14, Investiga tions of Miscellaneous Procepses of

Se;para.t1on of tJra.niwa hotopes.

Top Secret Supplement, Storage ProjQct.

ED DATA

vo1.

5.

ilF!Qc al l1 rocedures 11, d~scri'bes the generttl plan of

fi"acal management of the Hinl1attan District and the considerations on

whteh 1 t was ba sed.,

It deals \d th estima tes, budgets. audits, finBnce.

Vol. 6, "Insu.ranee Programi 1i d r;iscribes the various types of

insurance coverage plans which \'ere developed end instituted for the

Joint protection of the United States.

th~ cont~act-ors

and al.l the

el!l.Plorees under the unusual aud unknown oond1 tions of hazard which the

project produced.
Vol.

7, 1l{t.edicel Frogl"M" descdbee, 1n .n.on--t-ecicsl

lenguage.

how the Ma.n.h.a.tten District gu.ll.rded the health and safety of the employees

(except at LofJ Alamois, which 1s covered in

B~ok

VIII).

It dee.ls with

the .many unique probleme hieh arose from the :previou.sly unknown pro....
ceases of the project; pioneering research work in the effech on the
hnma.n bod~ of new types of radiatton sud r adioactive materials; industrial
hygiene; and clinical

~d

public

ha~l~

progre.ms.

?:bis volume describes.

1n connection with the radioactive nnd the chemical. hazards which

~ere

eneountel"ed., the determina tion of safe tel.era.nee levelE;, and. the development of methods and 1nstMllttents for monitoring end measuring exposure.
Vol. g "Personne.P1 ciescribee how the Mt>.nhattan District

procured and
oper~tions

volume).

1naint~ned

the man.power required in all phases of its

(except a t Los .Alrunos. which is covered only in part in this

It deals "'ith: recruiting; conservation eind

personnel: le.bO'r rele.tions: wage and

se.le.r~'

utili~ation

of

a.drninistre.tion; Mlective

service; und procurement rmd "'dministration of in111 t~cy and naval

If'-~'

RES
ACT 1946

fj"""n==~='''"'''''""'"''""=su ''". .-~"!!.==':.:?'""'"""l!.~'L:l:'."""' .\: ~,-..,,....,....-7--:......-:rr'.i?'o/~-"'"":~'l'..,.,,,,.,.,..,.,,~, :;-~'"'."\ "r-'.".::,::..-'.:::~..'...'~-,..,.-:-~"~~

I
0

9. 11 1.='riorit.ier;; PJ."otr.ra.'11 11 ,

Vol.

d.escribes how the

11 W&sh,ington

Liaiso11 Office 11 &Jtd other District offices expedited the pl"OCUI'errient

of

~'l teri als

operations

.:m.d. manufa ctured products required

(exclu..~ive

of Feed

ere cover~d in Book VII).

Mate~iels

in the Dhtrtot' s

l.illd Special Procurement, which

It tells ho'llT the District cooperated. with

the War Production Board and. other egenc1es, to insure the lea Gt possible
interf e r~nce

with other gove.rnment and civilian activities, wi thou.t

misu,ne of the hlgh priority r a ting to vhieb. the Dbtrict va.s entitled.
Vol . lOt

~r..e.nd.

AcquidUon CJm 11 , d.eacribes the proeed.ures

followed in the e,cquisiti<m o:f the site, 0 more than 58,000 acre$ ot
land for the 011.nton Engineer Werk& and the tow of Oak Ridge, in
Roane all.cl And.er-son cou.ntiee near Knoxville, Tennessee.

de.ale with direct purchase end with acquisition

end, eJl'loun ti;.

p ~id.

The his toey

ot

:found ln Volume 12 (ot' Book l).

br

Thi.s vol\lll1e

oolf.<:ie.nmation, and it

the selection of the s1 ~ will b.e

!,Chi$ site serves the Gae D1:ffu.sion

Pr-oject, the E).e.c trom&gJtetic Project, the Liquid 'l!hermal Di.ff'usion

!'rpJect, and the Clinton .~aboratorl.e& (covered in Book IV), as well

e.s the town of

o~ Ridge~ -

and for this

r ~,ason

this 'VOlume is placed

in :Book I.
Vol . ll,

11

Safety fr{)gx-amu_, deser1bes

were instituted .and administered by the

in the interes t of

~ ~f'et~-

tist1cs cf employee-hours

procedure$ whi.c."1

its contr-aetors

Di~tr1ot an~

and accident prevention.

of occupational

safety record of the District by

:t'h-0.r.i

th~

It presfl'.n.ts cta.-

E:posure e.nd measures the

frequeric~ ,

sever,ity and

this vol-un,e a lso Los .Alamos lu;.. s been e~clud.e<!.~)

f~tality

r a tes .

Vol.. 12,

11

Clinton Engineer Viorks, Central hcili tte13n,

deccri'bes the selection of the entire s1 te (the acquisi U,.on -Of which

is described 1,n Vol. 10), and the pls.nning. installation or conetru.ction,

administration. and opel:"ation of those facilities "1hich serve e.ll the

pl&.nts .,,hich

~:re

a part ent1 tled

locatecl thereon, s.s wel 1 an the town of

KTo\'41

O~ R id~e.

In

o:f Ovk lU.gge, 1 t deals with; totm plt.ll.ning;

construction; operationst hou.e1ng; commercial f acilities; schools;

~edtc al facilitie~ ~nd

services.

In n

the eleetriccl

p~.rt

serv1cea;

L~d

Gocinl e..nd.

welfE~e

facilities and

heeded. 11Mea Fe.ciU.tiel'>tt, this volume deals wlth;

c~stem;

th.e water aupply system: l,he

oommunica..Uons; roads, atreeh, walks

passenger transports.ti on.; anci

~d ~idgee;

~ecur1 ty.

s~werage

tystem;

ra1lr-oad sy.Gtei:n;

,Guard. ar.t..d. police f'orcet; fire

protection, Md. adm1nhtratton of JustiQe e.re arnt>n.g the eu.bjects included

under

securf.~f

.As with

Vol~

10, "Land. J.cquidt!on, CEW", these Centre!

Fa.clli ties serve a number of the su.Qddiery pnrts of the Ma,nha. ttan Project

as a whole (wh1eh are covered in other

book~)

and therefore this volume

alto appears in .Book I.

Vol.

13,

tt~a tentsfl

decr1bes the development and operation

of the pa.tents }lrogratl, first und.er OSRb

District~ pr!m~ily

and

th~n

under the Manhattan

for the purpose of protecting the Government's

interest in inventions produced. during the prosecution of the work. and

of $ecu.r1n; the maximwn pose1.ble control of atomie enel'gy by means of
pe.tents.

'l'h.e patents program e.lao included.c

the execution of d.eois1ons.

in the field of foreign relations. mnde by the Combined. Policy Committee

of Great l3ri ta.in, Can.a d.a, .end the United. StcJ. tes; the filing of foreign

f"'.

a;pp lic e. tions; and the pu.rche.se of pf.1.tent rights fro m prive:.te inventors.

\'._)

1.19

eJ. Cf\~
~~ ~ !:

ec~

.. E

~su

Urtd.er executive

o~der;

all GoveT?Unent pa.tent rights rele.ting tc the

project are held in the custody of the

:au.sh.

Di~ector

of OSRD Dr.

V~inneve.r

This volu.me deals also with the Stt:!nda.rd. patent clauses in!:!erted

in the Menhatten District

c0nt~acts 1

ru'ld describes how the patent activ-

i tieB were carried 0'1t without danger of viola.ting the Aecurity require-

ments of .the project.

Vol. l4,

11 IntelJ,.5,gen.ce

ru:i.d.. Securttyli d~$erfbes th.e develop-

ment e.nd eperation of the program \!rhel"ej)y secrecy .3 nd protect;ton wer.e

maintained thro"Qghout the Manhattan

sabotage, drunage, inter,ferenee

delsy the project..

lt deals

ve:ts1vee4 peraQnnel

secur1t~

OZ"

with~

~reject,

other

to prev-ent zesp1qnSe,
I-OU.ch m1.ght end.anger er

tn~estigatic:U1

of potential sub-

plant prtitecUon.: control of visitors;

prot.ection of shipment (of bOth documents and. matedal);

mil 1 ta.ey information; w.c1

th~

eafe~n.g

mean.$ where'by the c.,curi 1zy of Cl in ton

Engineer Wo~ks, at 0.e..k Ridge e.9 a whole! w~s }lrotected..

eeeur1 ty p:rograma at lfr..nford. and e.t, Los

il~os

(The lQcal

at-e dellcd ~ed. in :Book

ll]'creign :tntellige~c~ Su.p_plem~nt .No. 1 <i, to Volume 14. desc~ibe~

the acti.v iU.es of the

JJ,.sos Mi.13s!OtJ 11 in

!t~ope,

fol.low-l~

alo&el1 on

the heels of the victol"icus armies, and the a.cth'i ties of a $peoie.1
mission to J apM, which,>.fter the

in1.rr~nder 1 in'V'estigo.t~d. the

'Which the Japal'lese ha.Cl. made in nuclear resea rch.

"lc""oreign Intelligence

Supplement !Io. 2 11 descri"bes th.e activities for detection of

redioactivity during the invasion of Normaudy;

e..1'.po'ft CO'(\t"(ol

b.

<it>

acti vi ti r.s.

progress

aV'ld

'' ...

ene~ Ui?e

of

No.3.., d-t:scYibt~

J}ook lI, Ga.seo:Us Diffusion (K-25) Project, deals with

one of the procer;ses fol. tho separa tion o! uro.nium lsotopeu whereby

SEC~ION

~[~

~u.: ~

fisa!one.ble ma terial. concentrated. u 235 !tr. obtained. for incorpo:ta tion

in the UzJ5 t;;rpe of ntotnic bomb.

Thls

proce~s

is br..eed. or.i tile p.rillciJ?J.e

ts

t he t the r a te of di ffu.sion of e. gas thro\lgh an ideal po.r<;u.s b~,l'r.~ eX'

inversely proport1o!l&l to the square t oot of its

when uranium
lighter

heleafluo~ide

inoto; ~ ,

U23g, and this

is diffased through a

mol~cular

p~ r ous

weight.

Thus,

barrier. the

u235, diffuses more rapidly than the heavier isotope.

~e.uses

eeparation.

:Sy the use o:f lll.9Jiy successive d.if-

fusie>n stages the desired con...centration and que.nti ty o! U235 e.re o"btained.
Th~

research work for this part of the Mr:lllb&ttrui Project

we.~

carried on

pri.ncipally e.t Columbia Un1vert11t1 et!.d the le.rge-n.oa.le production pumt

(K-25, and its extension lt-27) was constructed and ope.rated a.t the
Clinton Engineer W.o;rks, Ook 1t1dge,

~ennetse~.

It we.c planned b;y the

Keller- Corporation, built by J. A. Jones Oonstruct1on Co., Inc., end

operatea by Cerbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation.

l>tlr1ng its earlier

history, th'-s plant supplhd partial,ly enriched feed foJ:' the Electro~etic plant:

Aear the end

(in De.cem.l>er

1946) it was Qperatctd so

a.s to p;roduce 1Jidependently the product required :for finat procesning

e.nd. incorporation in the bomb

e.

(a.t LoJJ Alamos).

:Book: IlI, P-9 Project, deals with manufacture of

vater'' OT deuterium oxide.

11

hea~ .

Al though this materiei wa$ not a:ctu<.tl.ly

used 1n the pr.oduction of the at()in.1c 'bonibs, it

\:till.$

thoug4t during the

early stages of the Httnha.ttan Project that it might be necessary for

use en a moderator in the manufacture of plutoniwn (described in
IV).

The production of heavy water was rege.rdod e.s

~ook

parti~ula.rly

important when it becaine known th.at the Genm-u ia were undertaki.11,g large
see.le production, e.r; it was thought a t t hat time tha. t the

<~nemy

mit;ht

REsi'R CiED DATA

A?OMI

or. nea:rer then the Allies

were to

p~oduction

of atomic bombs.

Research

c.nd e1.:}.Jerimentdion he.Ve oeeh cnrrierl oni end. ere cont1nu.1rig to

t:tw, ~

they will r$SU.lt 111 improved methods of plutonium. r.ianufa,cture

in the future.

4 OhB,p ter

(P..efer('Jnt:e nhoulcl. be mttde to Book I, Volume

9.. )
Book III oovel"s the
w~te.r

v~ious proces~e!"l

for prod.ucing heavy

wnicb. 11ere considered. and, ln dt>ta.il, the two whi-ch were used.:

(l) the uhyd;rogen. ga.sfl process, whereby the he~v:r water was obta..1ned

!;rom nt7..tu.re.l '-'Jater hnd. hyd..xogen, by cetclytl.~ ex.che.n.ge ?"er;i;ction, ud.ng

cyd.rog;e11

~~nerated.

electrolytically for the l!!Mui'acture of MU":fOtLia: and

{2) the nwa.ter d.h.tilla.tion prooesi;, whel"e"by the he&Vlf water

principal~-

by sepa,ra.tion :from upflowing s.tea.tn and

bei.ng .obtRined electrolytically.

':t~e

tr~s:fe:r

~1;.s

obtalned

to dowh-

resenrch work for this pf..rt of

th~

prc.Ject Vas C<4:'I'ied Ol'.)..1 for OSE,.O and for: thfj MMha.ttan Dtstrlct. Li.t ~

number of places, by e.. number of contr;;;ctors,

1nclud.1n.~:

Standard. 011

Develo1)10.ent Co. 1 Columbia University, Consolidat-ed Mir+ing &.

Co. of Omiade.,Ltd.., and

J~.

I. du Pont

d~ J:~emolll'

8: Co.

Sm~l.ting

A production

Canad.a, ns .an adjunct to the plant of the Onnsolid.1:1ted Mining and.

it vag built and operated

by the,t comp0.ny.

:PlA..nts f<;>r production by

the "'1,1cter distilla..t ion proceGs were installed and e;pere.ted by the
dwont Oompcm.y e.t thri;!e exist.i:ne;

Governrn~ nt

Ord:rrn.nc c; .:orks in the

RESTPJe1"ED DAT/\
.ATO~ ENER~Y

ACT 1946

G."
j

m~tte.rs

Ord.ne.nce Workn. .All these

d,

Book

rv

of plutonium, ti.nether

Pil~

are described in Book III

:riro,1ect, . x.. . 10. de;:J.s w:t th the rocnuf(:Ctu:te

:Cis1'>ion~ole

ma tcrhl, requirsd for incorporation

in the plutonium type of atomic bomb.

1'en~e6s&e-

11

chn.ir~

and

'

and the design, conct.ruotion t.i:JJ.d

near ?acco. \,:/acllir,gten.

gu~t~.!ni.ug

It covers the research

In thE,1se ple.ntt!'., by

oper~t:l. on

!'!~ans

of the la.rge scale

o! a controlled seJ.f,..

r..eeoticn.tt in a wet er-cooled ur:.e,.,uiuro-gre.phi te

0 pile 11 ,

uranim!l 2.38 1.s tra.nsmlitedr; by :t'ii;sion first to neptun;twn P.md. th~cs to

t\lu.toniu.m. and then the plutoniu.in is chem.icc..l ly separate-cl from the

ducts .

p:i,:ozmer resefi.:roh work of s .c ientis ts! in foreign countries <'!:.lld. in the

United Sti::tes, and the further work done

the final reaeEircli imd <lcvelop.mcnt

District.

1!1 l~n

l\CCO!RJ~ lhhed.

the OS!ill as well en

under the Hanlmtta.n

A nota'ble tiill'J-stone in the hiatory of the

world .,.. VS$ th.e

re~cUng

u.nd~r

~mpletion

e.na.

proj~et

- one

succogi:;ful ope:tt:1.tioi1 of the first chain-

pile. at the Hetullurg:lcal r~;;fooratol":,r on 2 December 1942.

for the first tl,mn it was :proved defini tel~, that a. nuclear ch!:!.i.n

reaction -could. be produced by man.

'l'his book covors also .s.1.1 the centl"al fucilities end aervices.
Md. thc;le f1UQjeC't$ which pertc.in. gener.::.lly, not on.ly to the p rodnction
1

").....,

cfr~

~~ blL,f
- ;,--;--/ --,.-~-.,..,.,:
'

-..

!~

- 7 -... ---;"~
. -~
- - ~:":"',.,..,~. -_....-:~~~ " -:-;-:~7.,.,--,-:--~;-......-.--~. --.:""--~- ,.,~~-

. ...

'

.-

~~--~ """"~~>:--"'.'. -~~'"""""""Y."7"'!:'.'r-~-_-~-;- ......

-_....,..,:---i.-".'"_

. . .

-:::.,.......,~-...---:

SE'1fttIY

~. -i
\
/

plo.n.t bu.t also to the cotnmunity \-Jhich

wi:;,,.s

built ur_i for the

workers on the proJ ect - the tow of Richland.

~ttON

~~sident

Among the general 1 tema

the f.:.de.ction of the site; the acqidtion of' the &i te,

covered are:

comprising e. toto,,l of ~:bout 631 square miles; power transmission at;.d

dis tri button;

co1rununic~.1..t1ons;

roa.d.5 e.rui railroads; housing; comr:1el"Cial

f~ili ties; Berv1ce facilities: util1 Uee; intel'-ci ty- tranaporta tion

facilities: 1:ntdligence and. aecurit31-; &nd law

ent'orcem~nt.

This book tells how l~. I. duPont de Ueroour Wld Company designed
and built this part of tho Manhattan Project, end operE>- ted it from the

beginning until 1 S~ptem.ber 1946; alld how on that dnte the oper1.1.tion wci.e

talten over b .t he General Electric OompeJ'l$.

e-

Book; V,

cf the

prooe~tes

trli<teO..

lJ235

~l.,ctromaeetie

(Y-12) Project. d.eal!i with e.nother

!or the eeparatiou of urenium isotope$, whereby concen

(the. same fiuetonable material which ls produced. in the Qas

Diffusion ProJeQt) is obtained., for incorporation in the tJ235 type of

atomic bomb.

This process. sometlniea called the rna.sa-spec;:trographic

method, ia bas.ed. on t.he principle that vhen lonized. molecules of a gaseous

compOUJ'ld are proJected into . a magnetic field they will mo'V'e in semicircular pe:.ths of radii proportional to theil" momenta.; and the light

ions l'1ill move 1n smaller semicircles tha.r1 the heavy.

Thus, a beam of

particles of natural uranium, fired from an ion souroe into a

:field, will spl1 t into two

semicircul~r

~netie

beams, the outer one cons is Ung

of particlef.: of mass 238 a.nd the inner one oi' p e..rticlea of rns.ss

235.

A receiver* }llaced at the point of rne.ximum separation. -will collect

the U235 particles z.;nd the U-236 pat'ticles in separate

~)

use ,o f e. 111uffic1ent number of separate ba tch uni ts and

poc~ets.
st~es,

By the
the

d~ siretl qur:.ntit~

for thio

p<~rt

and 0011.centr&.tion c e..n be obt a,ined.

of "the

l:lanlw:tt~ P.z;-oj~ct was

~nw

resea,:-ch woxik

c i:trried on p~inci:pally a t the

Uni versi t:r of Californill Lfo tli a ti on !iabora tory , Md the

h~rge--ec al ~

_pro-

d.u.ction plant waG 'built. and operated a t t he Olin, ton 3tngineer Wo rks, Oe.k
Ri dge

l'enu~snee.

Dedgn

ai~d.

cons tructio.n weJ... e Pa rri.ed uut by Stone and

weoater E:ngin.eering Co r p ort-i. tiou and the p l an t was

op~ rrz. t nd by. ~ennessee

Bas tna.n Oa.rporation.

On-11 of the imusw::.l i'eati,tres o.f thl.t :p:i:-oject WE.ls the uoa of
a large ~....nti ty o:f silver - t..bout 14, 700 ton$ - r:i.e a aubsti tute for

copper, as an .ilcotric.al conductor in the elect:roint:.gnets in the production

bi procuring silver :from the U,.

and

'.i.1reaQuq, c:op:per was sa ved for other

Volume 4 of t h is bo<.)k describes the procurement.

importru1t wa:- uses.

sa~eguardi~

s.

fabrio~ting

ot, and the a.Qcounting

fo~.

thia silver.

with a third pro-cesra for the sepnration of ure.nium is.o topes, t,Jy which con-

e entre. ted

Uz35

w~s

obtnind in this e a s.e to cerve a$ feed material for

further eiuiohl:lent j,.n. tlle l!!leotri>msgnetic }">lan.t, pending the completion

end 011era.t ion cf the Oas Diffusion

principlec of:

1~1ant.

'l'h!s pr-ocel)s h

based. on the

(1) thermt\.l d.1f'tusion. ':!!hich cauces higher concentra tion

of the lig:h ~er component of some U.quid rab:tures near the hotter of two

su.rft-.:.ces; and (2) conveotio~1. \-:hich c ;-;.rrias the lighter mate'rial nea.r

the

~wtter

ccll~.

-.ra.11 upWi>t'd.t th.us- c1d.usiuc cl difference in concentra tion vi;rrti-

'i'hw:;. when urs.niu.m hex.a.fluoride was pasaed through a column wt th

( ")
RESTRIC'ftD DATA
.ATOMIC E:HERG" .

--::r?P-~~-~-~~~,._,.,.-----~, ~-.-.~:--~--.'-T-~,.~~.'".:"'~r:-

,r l ;13

merms of a ci:invection loop) u prod:uot endch~d in u2.3 'WM obta ined. at.
5

By

t he top of the column. leaving depl eted material a t the bottom.

recircu.l c:.tibn

r~d. ttJ.~

op e1a tion cf a.

~\l.ffi. cient

number of colwnn.& t he

desired eonoentra tion 61.n.cl quan t1 ty cf U235 ere obta '.l.!leli..

work for thh

pE1.1't

oi' the mmhatta.n

Proj ,~ct

Carnegie In.sti tut:lo.U of tt.'msl:rl,ng ton).

re f.i:r.s. x-ch

was C"Z.r.r ie d on p:rinci.pally

'l'he W;r&e.... s.c :.. . le pr-0ductton plGint

It was ph;.;uned and cons tructecl by the l!.

'ermessee.

~he

r...

l<'er&llS~ll Comp~,

until September l.945, when it we.s shut d.o\iln a.n.d placed in stand-by

aond.ition.
g.

13.o ok YU:.

ll'e~d

MateriB.ls. 1

Spoci~l

Procurement

e.nq

the bti.aic f!hW ns.terials containing urani'IW. and their processing to the
,, .
,.:M.~d.i t1on l'e(1uirecl for the .f!1ecl to v::;riou$ prQduction plo.n ts; this
'

I: ~

'

required i'or the operi..tiens of the lfanhattElll

of ll.11 special

me.te~ i,F0.G

l!.:rea.. loeated. 1n

is net covered

o~

District~

'l'he pro.curement

th.is book,_ but only those

rrew York Ci t:,r.

Volume 2. of this book covers the

world- w1cle geot.;raph1cr.,l ex.plo11;,tion (lioth -tJibliographicol ,w_d. in the

field) c;urd. ed on, principally un.d.er the clire.etion of' the Hurrey Hill
kP.J.t (ol ao in flew York Ci~y), to det oreinc the 1 Ci cu.t1ion &ml e~ten t of
,ri>

~)

occur.1'E\mcen of t h .e b ;::.si c

r c;c\J

rnate:rials .

SEcugpy - T.A.TION

.Book VIII. Los Ala.mos f'rojeot (Y), tle alr> with all tho

e.ct.ivi tien which

Wel'e c~ried

on o.t the Los Alrunoe

u~bora.tories,

Los

AlEJ!los, New Hexico, 1nclud1ng principallyi reMal'ch, desi.gnf final pro-

ceasing, construction, aeqembly and testillg of the bombs

th~mselvesf

s1 te selection eJld la.nd acqui.s i tionc construction. edm1n1strat1on and

operation of the community, with its housing, utilities, commercifJ.

facilities end services; and construction, administration and opertation
of the so ...cal.led technical e.rea end of varioUE outlyirig, aatel U. te'1.
~t. tes.

This book e.lEiO tells of numerous ether aetivtties vhich :were

carried on at othet places scattered through the Un1ted States, all of

which may be regarded es a.u:dlie.ry to the critical maJor work at Los
.A.le.mos, some of them of

ver~~

great importance.

lrhe technical work at

Los Alamos was earr1ed on under contract with the

~

\tt;/

Univ~sit1

of CaU.fornie. 1

directed by Dr. J. R. Oppenheimer of that University; the general adrd.ni-

stration of the community, which was operated as a military post. and

all const;ruction work were 'Ullder the local direction

the Commanding Officer.

ot

t'iln Arrty officer -

Me..Jor conntx-uction work was performed princi

pallf in the ee.rlier days, bf M. M. Sundt Gon"tru.ctian Compaey, &nd

then., throttgh iiucceasive large expandons, by Robert.
Archi tectEngineer for moat of the design work was W.

~.

o.

McKee.

The

Kruger.

The nonsoientific part o! the history of the Loa Ala.mos

ProJeet is in Volwne l of ook VIII; the teQhnical part of its history

1s in Volume 2; and the

auxllie~y

activ1ties are descr1b&d, in various

chaptera, in VolU?ile 3.
Of

c)
~

made ofi

the auxiliary activities, particuls r mention should be

the Los J.nge1es Procurement Office, which h e..nd.led most of the

RES i'l\IL ~-- u Di-\ 1A

ATOMlC I!"pRG

ACT 1946

r;:;:-,

Q.iver.se procurement required. for ell th.a r.. os Alamos activ1 ties; El!l,d. the

Crunel Project. which covered eome cooplex

rese~rch,

te~ting

and production

work end

s~rved

Ala.tnos.

Other importe.nt autilie.r y subjects described in Volwne

as an emergency res;erv-e in c a.s e of ca t a strophe e.t Los

include: Activi tie& of Ohio State Crz.rogenie Labora.tory: Dayton l:iroject;

Navy Partio1pe.t1onc Sandin; Boron; Operation Crossroade (in which personnel

.o f the Manha ttan District took an important part): end va.r1ous (>t.her

miscellaneous nctivities.
The real climax of the Los .Alamos PrQJec.t - ind.eed, 1 . the. real
clit!W.tX of the whole o! the Mr.mho.tta.n l)roject .. is deac.r ibecl in

the :first msn-made e.t-0r.iio bomt>

explo~1on

.or

th~

4tll time, which took:

in the desert at Alamogordo Air Bs.sa, Ne\'1 f;!e:xico, on 16 July

pl~ce

1945.

Not

untU that test was cu.cceasfully made could .anyone connected wlth the

enterpri,s e be i:;ure that the project would produce

concrete results.

':Vhe official clir.mx of the Manhe.ttart. l)roject - the official

eultninat1on of the years of effort of thousallda of people end of the

expenditure of

~bout

two billions of dollars -

of Japan, at !Urosnime. nnd Nagaaa.ld., in Augu~t

~ae

the combat bombing

1945.

This al.so is

described 1n the 1 ~ecbn1c.al 11 Vol~e (Vol. 2) of Book VIII, in a cha.pt er

~t~

~'\HLL f
.~

.....,......._

.,.__.,....-~.

-'<l'r;-..,.._,.....

'- ..

2-1. The District's Mission, in

Simpl~st

'I'erros - Li.educed to its

simplest terms, the. mi$sion of the Mi;' !hhattan District wa s to develop

.

..

...

...__.

date, and ahead of the enemy, in, order to .help the United States end

ih Allies to bring World War IX to e successful conclusion with the

feast deley and the

~reatest

pos.sible conservation of 1tfe.

2-2. Justiffcation - The world 1 s history during the first few weeks

the drQpping of the fir~t combat bomb on liiroehima on 6 August

1945 proved conclusively not only thQt this mission of the M<mhatta.n
District we.s successfully a.ccomplish.ed but also thtt t this misdon .. with
its

E'2 ")
~,

~.ccompsnying

expend.1 ture of a.bout two billions of dolls.rs - was

completely Justified..

a.

One phase of this justification has been described im-

pressivel;v by Major Genex-al t. R. Grovec. in &. public address given in

June 19~6, in the following words&
11 While

the mission was to develop the atomic bomb

the rc!;L\l objecUve was to save the lives of thousands of America.ts best

men - by shortening the war.

"The

wa.!"

was not won by the atC!mic

bomb~

It was won by

our :fighting men, backed. up by the best of weapons provided for them
by the industrial might of the nation.

The

Jap~nese had

lost the war

long before the Riroshinu;. bombing, but the people did not know 1 t, and.

their lead.ere did not ruimit it.

eel.mi ttecl 1 t within a

()

..

~. - ~ '

end ma.nufacture e.tomic bombs for combat use,. at the earliest possible

follo~ing

.~ Ii(

fe1:1

Hoth people and leaders knew it e.nd

hours after they lea rned of

H iroshim~

"I believe the M,stor1ans of the futw:-e will be

u.n.s.Il.1rnous in the conclusion t.l<).o,t the i.;i:. tom.tc bomb ended the war in

more abr--11pt and. sudden manner tmm any war ha s been ended dnce the day
('"{

of that other

gr~e.t

surprise

~reapon,

the 'l roj>.t1 Horse.

1

---
;r '"' ' ..

"Let u~ look for e. moment at the t1metap;I.e of last

,ruly,

the fir ~ t a.~olnie 'bomb t,eot occurre9., in m~w

summer.

-On the 16th of

~1exic-::i .

NeltfEJ of tli.e ouccespfu.1. resu.tts weJ;"o l"U.sbed. to P:resident Trwne.n,

then 1.n Potsdam, and. in a. few dt~"B - on the 26th. to be en>.:ct ~ the

Potsdam a:iurrender ul tima.tum was sent to

she,

J~pa,.n. 1

warning her that un.1.ess

would be destroyed.

~ur~endered ~he

"On the

29th~

hdio !okyo bro&dcr:.ct that the Japanese

I'remier scorned the Allied warning as

~unworthy

<-f' public nt1ce. ~

Bight daye later, ff1rosh1ma was hit by the first atomic bomb.
the government and. the people of Japan what ha.i hit them.,

~e

told

That wae

l-u.,,""U.st 6, 1945.

i1wo de.yB le.ter. Russia hurriedly entered t..'lt() wa.l" against

J's.pan_

The next

tenth of
to

ow.~

Aug-~st,

the

the seeond. &,tomic

s~~sa Ch.qr~e

;;, o : : ~

~sgai\laki.

On the

dlAffaires in Washihgton sent a note

Secretary of State, stet1ng that the Japanese government va.s

to accept the terms of the Potsdam Ultimatll!!l..

fo~r

foll on

re~dy

On the 14th, &fter el.most

years of unremitting wur end eight. days after the first atomic bomb

va.s dTopped, the Jt;.penese government unconditionally surrendered.

11 T""ne

men scheduled to enter J'a.psn the hard

"'~'

... aero~~

the beaches ... and their mothers and fathers, wives rmci children, soon
rec.lized the.t they had he.d an infinite stake 1n the t wo billion dollar
progrru:i which ha.d been such a closely gue.r<ied secret for more than .

()

thr~e

years n

!_:

t,

t. .------~-.~--.-.---~- ---- -... ,-~ ..,. - ~~:'- -- ---;~ ''";""'"'~~-~- ---- - -.~

T"

Ii"
.L J, u

SE~!"M: !fi~TION

c)
~;

/~0th.er

b.

of the

and more terrifyir.ig phase of the 1juat1fic&..t1on

tili~ sion of tl1e

that the

enemie~

Manhu.ttl:i.h District

\>r:.s

the threatening

of the Uni tecl States might produce-

(41d

pos~ib1H ty

use the atomic

J:r, 1939. when President Roosevelt was first s.ppri&ed of

bomb first.

the potential! ti.es of \U'P..n1um :fission, this possibility of enemy pre-

ultim&.tely set the Manhattan Dictdet in motion.

It was Sl.U'mi-s ed at that

(1) the production of a uianium fission bomb might prove to

time that:

be posdble; (2) the Nada were secretly aecu.mulating lerge ~~ocka ef

uranium ore; (3) heavy water, in qtl.Qntity, could be used e!ectivelr

ln the production of 'fisde'na,b le u.renium materiel; and. (4) the ?Eads

were Wllluf'acturing heaTy water in qW>-lltity.

For those who knew t heee

things, both in Great BJ'i-te.in Md in th,e United States, the dreadcon-

clu.don

w-a~

i.11esoa;a.ble. that the Ne.d.s might coon ;produce atomic bombs.

lt rellW.ina for future history to pass Ju<igment u,pon still

c.

Dittrict;

the position of tne

Un~ted

St;1F;;.te.e fits the sole possessor of

this gx-eatest mili te.ry we.apon of Eill time ru>.d the advantage this gives

her, toward remaining ehoad of other na.tiou.$ in i t.s development and

operation,

~nd

toward seeking international cooperation for its control.

2-J. Indirect Justification - }.\J.ture history must also pass

,judgment upon those rc1?ults of the work of the Manhattan District which
lie beyond the scope of its original

~is-don.

T"nese ere

t:~e

non-military

results, tthich sre not concerned with national or internstional defense.

The possibilities of the

0- .

:_1
.,

contribution~

of these results to

scienc~,

industry e:u1d medicine - to eivilh;a.tion &s e. whole - cannot yet be

RESTRIC..-E DATA
AfOM!C ~.;.er- 1.9~
--:-n- -~-'7--.---..-.,.-.--r-.~ .......!'I'""",:_..,.-._............. -:--~"'":'"'"--~----.~~-;-;

- - N.,.... ...

,.

'

"

f'JF""1u==filit5=:11Jmcm=ll:C<!=::;x===

Z:'!"""'~

(.;

: ..)

..
u-tu
1""~

r."i.

--t=, ~ _.,_ ..,..._~.........-.-~r..::.:::::..~r'!f'~~,,_. .,:::;:~~~~:..............=:::.1~~~a~~-,;;---."";;.r . ...;.\'f,.:";:~~~~~-:-'

"'""'>~ ~""'"~\ ~J?;....i

>'~a"-" "Ti:.~

~ ..fl-+-...~~

iD~~\iit.:

estimated, but their part in the indirect justif~cation of the

Di$tl-ict 1 s or.i,ginal mis s ion can neve:rthele~s be dimly imagined.

Ci
\(i/

3-1. Geuer.sl ... The M.enhbt.ta.n Project i,.ras an ul t:ra-r.;ec:rat war... t!me

project Md as auch it 'n'as unthinkable that it could be authorhed !n

the ord:tnnry way. by d1rect CQllgressione.l enactment a."ld by direct
Congx-essionvl e.pp ropria.tion..

It W6.s one project above nearly all

others which demanded the exercise of the broad general war...time ;powers
conferred. upon the President end the War Department.

If the Congraas

had. pasGei an. act specit'icel.ly authorizing the proJect, the unavoidable
attend.~t

publicity

from the

Upon such ecUon would have ma.de aecrecy irnposdble

begi~b:ia.

The nuthority under \\thich the work of

wn.s carried out

steml!l.ed

th~

1'1Mhnttiill Diutriet

to a considerable extent froro the at1.thor1ty under

t\lhioh much of the ea rly tesea.:"ch work was

bf{sw~.

under the e.uspices of

the National Defense ReseB.t"ch Oomuii ttMe Md the Offiee ot ScientU'1c

Research and Dav-elopment; (:l!ld even before the ltDRC and the OSFJJ were
autho:r~zed

to undertake e&rly part;s of the 1'7ork. so.me of:f.tchl

~tiont

were taken, ;:..nd these also for1n. an iitportant part of the recorcl.
The 'Stories of

au.thori~a.tions

and lines of authorl.ty ere

1tiextricably li.n ked together and their h1.gtory is therefore 'best pre...
sen~ed

by giving

purpo~e

8.

brief re.sum.a, etep 'by E\tep. of the genede and the

of ea.ch 1mports.nt organit:a.tion thl"ough which authority was

exercised from the .Preddent down.

Thii;; will be succeeded by a

description of the Coneressional acts by which general war-tint& powers

were conferred upon the President ond the

ox-ders

b~r

which thes e powers were

Secreta~y

redeleg r.~ted

of War, a.nd of the

by them.

RESTRfCJfD DP~TA
ATOMICfoGY M7 1946

()

:F~ven

autho1~i ty

the bare reci t nl of the organh a tional means whereby

wo.s e;.:;erc:tsed 1.m.prenses upon the reader tmmi s t ake.bly the extreme

Cbl"e t aken by those in responsible pc>si tions

Wlder

whic~

they acted.

Here was

~ot

to a.bu.se the powers

project which, 1f euccecsfu.l might

chc.n,ge the whole course of history: but, correapondingly. if it faileQ,

all those C()tlcerned might be condemned. by the wh.ole

vere so h.igh that extreme risks were

taken - onerous risks; but they

~ere

thoroughl~

nation~

justified.

!Phe stakes

Riaks were

elways cerefully calculated risks.

Before any important step wa.i;: taken, espectnlly until the l!e.ll...out 11

effort was finally under wey, the

be~t

available ad-vice was sougl;).t and

obtained .,. f"J:'Oftl statesmen, gcientiste, engineers end

milit~

men.

This

procedll?'e e.Qeounts to some e:xtent for the comparatively large nu,mbe:r of

coJ)'.ll'llittee~,

groups, etc. which were tnvol\'ed 1n the ea.rl;y etaes of the

work.
3-2.
'I

~..u-11.eet

Gove.rnnent Interest - 'l'he

firs~ gover4!llent 1 .in.ter~st

/ . arul support of research in n.ur;le~r ~ic.s .date$ fro!!! ll October

....

1939,

i when Dr. Alexander Sachs of B~w York, armed. with a letter frCJm n~. Albert
I

Einste1Xh called. on ,President !'ranlrlln D. Roosevelt and explained to

him the des.1,ra'bilitr of government encouragement of work 1-n this field.

vioualy conferred with nr. :WinstElin v.nd Dr. Sa.cha. Md the letter which
Dr.

Stt.eh~ oro~ht

3-3.

to the Prei;1d.ent i-eaulted from these conferences.

Advisory Committee on. Uranium - The President then ap11ointed

the "Advisory Committee on Uranium", composed of Dr. L. J. Briggs,

C.bairmen, Colon.el

li\

F .Ad.a.JnEon of the

A.rnt;j

Ordns.nce Depa.rtment, und

,. Commandel." G-.

o.

Mee tings held

Hqover of the Nt:i.'vy .Bur eau of Ordnance.

by this Oomr.11 ttee were a ttended by leii.ding scient1cts in the field ef

).,1,_,._

nuclear- physics, and a report of the coinmi ttee to t.he President .. dated.

;rNoveinber

1939 contained cpecific reeomrnend.ntionn, mentioning the

possibilities of both a tomic power end an atomic bomb.

( App .A-2;

...--.

pc.r. 3. l}ff: App.J>--3, p. 423.}

3-~. Jl'irs t 'l!ranst'er of :V"und.s ., Shortly after, the tit.at s:tm1.1l bit

o! public funcis,

$6.ooo -

the beginning t hat grew to ~ ultimate ezpendi

ture of nea.:-ly $2,000,000,000 ...

~a.$

.tl"ansf erred. from the ArnJ3 Md

for- the purcha se of materials recommended by the eolJlllii

par.3.6,thie transfer was reported

20 Febr\l.&ry
~

(.A.pp .A-2,

.. .

t~e.

i evy~

:;-5.

by

DJ-. Briggs

in ~

memors.ndUb dated

191ID; Ap:p. A-3,p.423.)

//

fimely Retieerch Results st Columbia .. ., Meanwhile, }he reaea.rch

I

!.::..

vot'k at Columbia Un1Tereit1' produced some encouraging re$Ul.;e. which

were very opportune in 1nfiuene1ne; the .furthe;r_.
of the project
... - progress
..

3-6 .Na tional Det'ens-e

R_e search Cornmi t\.e e - ln. J\llle

1940, the

. ..--

/N~ti.onal. Defense Research Oommi Uee was organ.iHd nn.d. the Pl"esident
hsued instru.ct1one that the Uranium C-om:n1 ttee, {of whicll. .Pr. l'rigg~

'1as chairman) should becc>me e. auboo1nm1ttee of tha1; organiza tion, report1~

to its chairman, Dr. Ve.nnevar Bush.

The UDRC wc..s a part o:f the

Office (lf Scientific l:tesearch al'1d Development;, which wi::,s W.so headed
by Dr. Bush, DirectoJ;'.

( Dr., .J .B. Conant of Ha.rvard. Univc;ir&ity later

became chairman of NDRO.)

l!lD.ined

subete.nti~ly

The status of t he trranium su.bcommittee re-

unchanged until the summer of 19-41., when it was

enlarg e d snd bec ame knoh7l'.l e.r:: the Ure.niu.14 Section or t.he S.-1 Section of

A'l\:>!'t!C i:i'E..'tGY

;.c:r

1S4C

."'.

(,
'-

,/

3-7. Fir6t Oontraots - T".ne firnt contt-e.ct under

. -- .... .. - ' . ~

let to Columbia. Univerci t7,

~?is
1..___1~ ......--

organbation
...,_ ...

C~~tr.act --NDOQr-32,--..si&ned- -S -:l.fovewber

--=-- ---.........

1940,- :~~f~.o.o!.iYe. __ trpta J, November 1940 to l 1-iovember

called tor tho e.%J?enditure of

$40.ooo

194~.

Thie contract

for work which. had been recom-

mended by a apecie.l advisory comm.Utee which Di' .Brigg s had called

togetb.er on 15 June 19lto.

Other co.ntracti:; w~re made, with Univer$1t1es

;;nd. other&, unt11 1 b_y i'~ove1nber 1941, eixteen projects. totalling about

( $)00.000 1 had been e.pproved.

'"...,,~

(.A.pp.J.... 2.par. J.10*3.12; App.A-3,p. 424.)

3-8 .Nm.tional. Academy Reviewing Committee - At the r equest of

'

,..-n,.~ . J3rigg'i and Dr. :a~. Dr. F.

ti;;

a.

t.T'ewe~t, .l?resident of the NationeJ.

review the problem.. The members of thi$ com.roittee were:

Dr.

A.

H.

C.oll!pton, Chairtnan; 1Jrs. W. D. Coolidge._ Jn. 0 0 r.,awrence, J. O. Sle.ter,

.r.

H~

Vtm

Vleck an.d

:a.

Comp~,

a.

w.

!.u.ter ('before the cotn:n!ittee 1 ~ second

o. E. u.ckley

report Wa$ l!lade), 1-!r.

and Mr. L.

Gherardi~

of the Bell Telephone Labora toriss

Chubb c;Jf the Westinghouse :Slectriea,l and J.ianuf'scturlng

were added to ~.be Committeet anti stUl l a ter (before the

Kist~kowsky

ware appointed e.s li.dditional mP.mberc.

!'his cotamittet'!s

fil:'st report, in. !~ 1941 formed th.e be.ah f'or approval by ths RDRC,

on 18' Jul~ 1941, of

{Ul

e.p proprfo.tion of $267,000 for th~ pi"o,,ect: a t the

sane time, it was indicated that much l &;t'.ge:r exp enditures would pro-

bably be nececgary.
/

, (t1;)

In this D:.nd in & gubs;equent report the N'e.tional

AcM.eroy Reviewing Comr.11 ttee urged tlm t the project be pushed. more

3.4

RESTRtC:ffD DATA

f '''""""'""' ."""""'""'"""""'""''"==..,. ..... .~-r.""'~"'"""".,...,.'r:::r''7!7"f""~r"'"':"7"""'"'~""~'iZil"'-..,......,...,.~~F"'~T""~di:..:Z~::S":i'-::;r:;;;,:r(:

CO~' na~tR D

:'

/"~~gorou.E>lyt

in n tlii:rcl re1>c1rt.

SECURIT

~
.-. ..

ef;:~~:i"' i'~-;fuvembet
11

placed., for the fir s t time. on the

t1tP6RMA:!i-ON
, ,. \

~"

,.J

1941, cmphnsh wo.e

posdbi.Htt~s

of an e:r..ploshr.e fission
i -

reaction with i1235" 1 ruid on the pro beble d.ecisive importance of the-

pro.1ect in the current we:'I!.

this report should
11 I:f

one might

/'.. p a rticularly dgn1.ficant pe.rag;rnpl:i, from

quoted;

b~

E;.ll, ponsible effort h

ho~ever

epent en the pi,<ogrrun.

exp ect fhdon bembt to be availe.ble in

signifie8llt q.8.ll.U ty wi th.f.h three or i"ou.r tear&i. 11

This statenien.t wa$ ms.de exactly tbre.e yea.re and nine months before
m,.roshixna e;,r

3-9.

-- - - -~----- .... ..

CiApp~A-2,,par. ~.15.3 .. H),4. 45, ~ .q.9; App~~~3,PP11 lt24,425.)

!i.1o;p Poli,.e;y . Group ;..,. j:"ello'Wing th~ fir.st $~o reports of the
_.;

t -

7.

. .

reports trom the

B~iti~h,

i'redd.ertt R.a oeevel t.

'flle

Dr. Bush

~i&cusseQ

:treeid~n.t

pQlicy i:;llould be made by the

11 T.op

the whole proJect with

agreed that the whole pl"ogrmn should

?.olioy Gx-oupa, compoe-ed o!:

the
I

President~

the Vic.e-.f'redclent, the Secretary of \le.r, the Chief

Qf

Sta.ff,

y..10.:u.eoree.ni~e.tion.

a,.

OSRD S-l .Section .,. .I n November 19lil. 1 after the Ulird

/ report of the llational Acadell\Y :Rev1ewing Committee was issued, Dr. Bush

decided that the t1111e h.P-d come for

bombs for ur;e 1n the current

w&r

ah

11 all out 0

~!fort

to develop Rtomic

and tnat thie would require a reorge..ni

r;a.Uon Qf the exicting ND:P..C tJr;.l.llium Section; a.ccord.ing;ly he CL."ld Dr.

Oonent arranged fo!" that section t.o be divorced from

ND1~ C

and become e.

" new 0$1?.D S-1 Section.

!f'his w11.s 11nnou.nceci to the membe:rs b Dr. Conant

REsrfi1c1ED DATA
/
Al"OMIC E'NERGY

hr::f

194.6

.~('.~

SECj ,JlffT- INE.ORMATION

~
/

( .J )

\/V\

/ .Jlll.-6 -- December 19ln.

Wi t .h thh :reorgs.nhe.tion. the direction of the

urc..r.i.tv.m p.rc j ectP. ,,.,s.s. in effect, p l a ced. in the hs.nd..e of:

and R. C. tJrey, program chiefs; c;n d. D:r. E. V,. Hu.rphree,

-- . ~ ~

P;. Bl.l.sh &.nd

cila~rma.n

gf e,

p. 428.)

b.

Osrw S-1 ?..xecutiv'e

Co ~ :tttte .,.

In Ha.y 1942 :Pr~ Bush

t ermina ted the OSP..D S-1 Section and. repla.ce.d it with. the CSRD S-l Executive
Commi.ttea, consisting of:
~awrence,

Dr. Conant 1

CbJ;.irro~Jl.

and. Ore. :Briggs, Compton,

Murphree and. Urey ,, th.us, in a tens e, confirming ef'f.icially the

d.irect;ion o:f the work vh.ich alread~ e;xi.sted. u.noffici.e.11.

( App .A-2.

par .5 .17; App . 4.)

3-11. Activc.tion cf the
ti..

M~ttan.

District.

Report of Marcp 1942 - In a report to the Preddent on

~March 19l~2, Dr . Bu.ch

fi:r Gt sue-.cesteo. tha t the ltrmy be btragtt into

the proJe.ct, with the recomenda.tioJl tha.t. <turtng the $W:m1er .o f 1942,

\.
\

/~.

b.

~-.

;Report of 13 June 1942 - e.

1-':r~dden1;.i>,l

Direct:i.ve - The

Hc~c.L

,/
(
I

19l:.2, of Drs .B:ush o.nd Conrult wh ich wes

Henry

\\

A~

Wallace. Secre.t a.ey of \';i;,r

lienr~

a~;_proved

by Vice Presiden1i

:.. Stimson, und Chief of Ste.ff

t\.A.'\

Oene.re..l G-eorg e

c.

M.arshtill; ~-~- 'ii' June 1 9 ~i-2. thia report we.a o.1.so

{!!,p prove-d by the P residont.

.- -

------.:-----..

.i3ecuu1::0

th~

~-

J'ren1dent t f; ini t:!. al c on thir.; rep or t ,of 13 June

(\ :,'...\,.

HtSTrriC.l'LD lJA! J\
ATOMIC li<NLTlG ACf 1940'

~-

"

'))

..

~.

(~~~-~~ s et off n ohc!n of even.ts which re s ul toa. im.iilerU.e.tely. in the

'

~ctiv a tion
m at el~;

of what became known

iiis

the Manhatt$J'.i bi.strict and nlti-

i;t the su.c ceeeful a ttainme:ti.t of t he t:.tomtc bomb, des crip'tion

of t h e contents of thi s r oport in some deta il is

Ju~ tified..

(.App . A-:-5;

Th e report was divided into four prino1p1?.l pRrts.

..... ~

/: ) .
\,<.....
.. _/....--'

of the v t>.Hous phe..een of the p rog r am we re unenimous i n 'bel ievtn.~ t ha.t

{a) A ~ ss of a few kilogra.I:ls of U235

wou..ld. creu.te
sev er~

~n ~xplos i o.n;

thouoand. tons of

the energy released vou.ld be

1'N~1 ;

or

plutonium

e~v~en t

to

and the f!;t:ploeion could be controll,ed to

occ'Ul" a t t he des ired ins i;r:~'t.

(b) . Tnex-e we-re f our me t h()d..s of prepar1M the fi s sion-

pouible to stc..te

def~nitdF

that

one of thern war;

1$Up ~rior

to the

otllere.
( c) ErociuGt!on plants of conddera.ble e$.2e could
l>e de s igned and bl,U.l t.

(d) w~ ih ad.e qu..e.te funds e,nd priori ties., t'ull-ecale

plant ope:rG.ti.on could be stai-tetl. soon enough to be of' military signifi' ,

!

ca.nee in the eu.rren t \:ar ..

(2) ReconnMncia tiona c i the Prograr.1 Chiefs anc. t he
!'loo.min<: Boe.rd - The prog run chiefz <. nd t h e ciwirmtm of the .Pl an n ing

- ')

lica '.r
. G. , ctl.1 members of the S-l :Ji:xecuti ve

Co~1:1i t

tee r ecommended t he

.)

RESTRJCTED DATA
ATOMl

ENERGY

JI.Cf

l!U

following progrrun, to be underte.k;:en at the eerlient poerl'ible dr-ite:

(a) Construction of a. centrifuge plant for subGtan.Ual

:rield. of U235. (~!)

_b_.e.. -~eheduled
f~~- c:ompletion in_January l~Lj.4
... . .
.
..
.
,

(b) Conli-truotion of

g as diffudon pilot plant for

ti.

the separation of U235 and complete design of a full ... scale &as diffusion

plant.

(c) Construction of an electromagnetic plant fnr $Ubstantial yield of

tla35.

- .

/to b~ scheduled for completion late 1n 1943.j

...... ___ _

( d) Cons \ru.c::Uon of

roi

a tomlc powe:r (pile) ple.n t for

"ubgtantie.l p~duc'Uon. of plutonium \early in 1944 .

(e) Gonstructlon of ple.nts to vield subs~ant1al quantitie~

....- ................. -............. _

of heavt veter, (~;ginning l May

1943.-., as auxiliaries to the atomic

poweX" plant.

(!) Cont1nu.etton of fundamental studies in physics and

chemistry e.t an accelerated pace.
(3)

Coimnents on the Recommendations ... The recommendatioru;

outlined a'bove had been revie'tfed b.y Dr. Bu.sh and Dr. Conant.
General

w.

~d

by

D. Styer., who had _been instructed by General Marrihe.11 to

follow the progress of the pre>gl'am.

!rhe comments of the se three which

were incorporated 1n the repo.r t, may be summa.rited a.a :follows;

(a) If four geparc.te methods a ll appeared to e. highly

competent scientific group tp be

cap~ble

of guccessful e,pplication, 1t

seemed certain tha t the end result could be atte.ined by the enemy, provided he had

~ufficient time~

(b) The proposed. program obvioudy could not be carried

c -

~~)

out

~;;--__...~,

rap idl~

vi thout interfering with other important m!ltters.

...-.......-- ...... ~, '':""'L'. _,...,:~-.~

. ~~,.~.,...,.._--.-.:---,- , -,'7""''~-11f"';"'T.. ~~~Jl--:-;:

i.

...

. . . ,77~~-:""'7-~. ~-~-"'I"""":<.-~~-~-.-

.sl!!cunr
!!?\

~!ON

( c) It would be unsa.r~. e.t tha t time, .in vie'l!t of the

v '

pioneering nature of the P.ntire effort, to concentrate on only one

mee.ns of obtaining the result.

(d) ~he besi proee~ure, therefo~e. appeared to be tQ

proceed at onoe with. thoge pMaes of the prograr.i whic_h would interfere

lea$t with other important

other phsses

~fter

Wl;l.1"

act1itities; end to proceed with the

questionc of interference had been determined bf

further study.
( 4) Recommendations of Dr. Bush e.ncl Dr. eonen~ - A fourth .
pa.X"t of the report (which h~ been referred. to slso a.s

mem_orandum" - Baxter,

p.~35)

contalned the following

G;

ttcovering

rec~mmendations

of Dr. Bush snd. Dr. Conan tJ

(a) That research and d&velopmen t couUnue und"'..r OSRD
,, contrach, end

~t

the eum

or

$3'1.000,000 be made

av~Ua'ble

to OSJtD

for f~nancing the follow-ing; pilot plants to~ the centrifuge end gas
diffus1o~ pr~c.ses;

process; a :full.... Bcale

mhcellen~ou.s

$~,000.000

research Emd development on the

electrome.gn~tic

rese.e.rch;

~d

el~etromagnet1c

plant; a he&vy water project; and.

that a continaent fund of appro:dmatel1'

be rnsde available foJ:' the fieeal yee.:r

1943 1

the e.llocation

of thh fund Bild the direction of the work to be in the hands of M

~xecutive

coJ!llDi ttee ap:pointed by the Di rec: tor of OSRl).

(b) That construction of the plents and the development

of the power plant projec1; be put in che..rg.e of

1:1:.

qu.tlU'ied ' Army Officer

ciesignated by the Chief of Engineers ruid reporting to h!m: Md.

that thie

officer be assisted by Drs. E. V. Murphree, A. H. Compton, and L.

~.

!}{q
1~
L
'\. [ ,-,:
.ll.ro:M:tc mr~:tGY

c:i

:i.e-i::

WJ. _,.(........._.

~Wlr:..:r

!.?+ 1 ...... ---~

SECURf'.r

~)

two 'being in charge

of

the l"e$e&rch and engineering. a.spec ts

powar plant development.

or

tho

ree pectivel~.

(c) That $54,000.000 be 1!'1ade available to the Chief of

ll.' ngineers for the :ti~cal yea.r 1943. but tha.t. ln ord~r to e.vo1<1 d..etay
and suependon

or

au.thorh~d

the work, the Chief of Eng1neera \le

make further expenditures or

over-obligat~

t.o

e.ny funds 'Ullder hia control.

with the understanding that he \!JC)uld be rei.mbursed for

J~etifi~d

expend.i-

tures at a later date.

(d) That contracts be let by the Chief of E?lgineerr..
wi thou.t delq after consul ta.tion vi ~h member11 of the OSRD 1'16.?lning
.Boe.rd, for th:e detailed design of all ple.nte. indicated above.
(e) That a. site. or sites,. be igelecte.d a.n.d acquired.,

v1th propeJ" condderation cf power r e quirements; that s.n immediate

sto.rt be made on the construet1on ot the necessary fencing, hou.i:ing,

utilities, and o\her fac1litiee requJred; and ti:wt on one ef these sites
the' develo.~ent of the power pilot plant& be carried out, under such
a.rrang~ment

as the officer 1n charge should determine after consulta tion

with the S-.l hecutive. Oommi ttee of OSRD.

(f)

That coord1ne.t1on o! reseax-ch, development and

ctruction be assured by frequeht

meeti~s

c~n

of the S-1 Executive Oommi tte.e

of the OSlill with suitable officers dedgne.ted by the Ghief of !iingineeTEi,

and that these meetine.s ehould su.b:ni t prog'ret1 s-

report~ &1$

requtred

. (g) Toot. a special committee, er committees, on the

military uses of the mD.ter1al to be produced be arranged thro'Ugh the

Joint Collll"..J. ttee on New

f.C.

"-=')

~fee.pons

and Equipment. of the Joint Chiefu of

, Staff' and thet such committee., or commi tt.eet; . be n.rrnigned. charge of all

3.10

RESTRf.CTED DATA
ATOMIC .EHEKGY A.Cl' 19w

research end develop?!lent on th.is . aspect of the

p roject ~
~I'\

(h) Tha t, ae soon c.e the prepara tion of the deta iled

plans and designs hsd. ;progressed suf:f'iciently. the higl:.est priority

be ast1gned to the plant or plants whtch et t hat time 8howed the most

promise of success and inclice.ted the lea st serious eff ect. in demands
f or critical ma terials, upon other urgent programs.

(i) That the remaining plants be assigned priority

and 11re!e:rence :r e.tings e.!ter evaluation of bills of me..tel"ial i:tl oomparS."!'

son with reQ.uirements for other u:rgent progrc.ms : and tha t their con-

stru.ction be executed a.ccord.1ngly.

(J) That the grea.test secrecy be exercised ln connection
with the project. pa rticularly

I;

\.

ma.~e~ials

~-1th

re$pect to its purpose the raw

used to develQp the final product, the final product. and the

ma.nufo.cturiD processes involved.

(k) Tha t the plants to be constructed be ca.mouflag:eci

under

'EUi t

able names; end their purpoge be ennou.nced in e. dmilar

CSl!IOuftaged oe.nner.

c.

Dep&rtu.rei; fro m the Prenidentinl Dire:ctive - With the

President's approval of thie report it became a directive to the

and to the OSim.

>..rmy

!!."hit; direc t i ve Get the brce.d outlines of action and

' Il

policy for the intend ve prosecution of tlle

changes in some deta ils of these outlines became necesse.ry from t11:1e
~o

~hole

pt<oJect and e.l though

time, the directiYe a.s a whole remained nevertheless an influence

\'

Ell'lti s.. guide throughout the \-1ork of the three yea rs :followinr;.

\
'1

the ch;mges which developer;. la.ter were:

\i

fuge proces s , because of f nilure of , ea.rly experiments; the a.d..dition of

Among

the n'bandonmant of the centri-

3.11

RESTH!CTED DATA
.li.TOMJC ENERGY ACT 194 '.'

'\../\

excellent mnd

protn1si~~

resulh

obtf~ib.ed

frot1 experiment!:!. in thh proi

cetti: the by.-pa11slng, in effect, of the pilet plants, by undertaking

')

.: )

construction of :ful l-ec~le plants befcyre the pilot plants could be

placed in operation in order to
t11 thdrawal

ta'V'e

every possible <U;.y of time; the

or the 0$EJ) as the superv1 sing and ruiminh ter1nt; agency for

l"eeearch. snd development; a..rul the :plac:iing of the en1;1re project undel;"
. t.he planning direction of a new
- ..........__~-

- ..... ..-;---------i

. -.. P .5.251 App.A-S.}

11

. . .,J
Mil! tm-y Pol icy Oommi. t tee" ( fi. .pp. A-,2

"Mo ___ __ --

~ .. _ _ . -

-~

.,

t .r ation o! effo>tt on the most. promh1ng plant or planh was the cause

Qf condde.rable Wleertainty.
of

11

T"'nere was a great deal to be said 1n favor

bfJ.ck1ng Qtle horse instead of a.tl primaril1 beQ.e.uQe of t.he threa\ened

ehor~~ges of manpower end crt tical mnter!als.

At a meeting 011

1942. Dr. Oonant expressed the opinion tlul.t it

ws.g

make such a decision,

~d

26

August

then too aoon to

it was fortuntt,te 1ndeed that decision wus

( ) If

mad.e at the.t time to continue to tlbeck ell five ho?'sesJJ;

one

method had been chosen at that Ume, it would have 'been tile electro-

..-.

magnetic. e.nd although the electrQma.gnetic: plant

tQ

contribu~ed vite.11~

the etll"ly Jtuccess of the project, its difficultieG

iocr~sed

.............. --.-....,... ......,,____.,.;...

~. ,

*rootno~e;

\I.1he "five horsesll mentioned.. by Dr~ :Baxter in

- .- ~ .

'"

an the
-

--

, ........

---

11 Scientists

11

l<.rr.!nst T1me ("the brief official hlstoey of the OSBD") werei (1)
the Elactromsgnetic proce11JS: (2} the gas d..iff'u.don procesei (3) the
centrifuge proceu; (4) the urrmiW!l"'."gra.phite pile process; (5) the

ura:niUM-heavy-watar pilf? proce111s.

R[\ n.~rr. 1 r.~ ;~ f'\: r\~, t.1

~1

r.... r .. \ ;1 -._,. :b -.c.=-

r-fM.l~ .

.fi.1'V .iv11(:: 1.1-,":-u_-;y ;.~ er

Js.1 s

~'

work progX'l,?seed. and succes u could proba.l_>l;Y' net have been a.tt11ined in

-xt)

',

tims ~ith th.it plant e.lone,

ex.aept for the

change~

( App,

-~

..

A--),p.436_.)) Ar4 a

matt~r of fact

mentioned above, no horse dropp ed out unt11 the

r a ce w~.s rea lly over, when, 1n September

19145; the liquid t hermal

diffusion plant was shut down .and placed in stand-by contlition; then, in
Decet.!bel"

1946. the electrOJ'll,~etic ple.nt (the opera tions of which ha d

been J!Ja.teri f.>lly cu.rt n.Hed eom.e whe.t e P..t-lier) was taken out of p roduction

of iti-:uni c bort:lJ ma t e ria l altcget.ber, and, except for its chemica l

mi litary purposes.
(

(1) District ~1neer "" On lS June 1942, the day after

/ .

~I
~

I
I

Drs. Bush and Conant aud. ma.de it e Presidential directive, General

I!

had been

St y-er e.Uvhed Cclonf!l, J araee

Ii

~elected

by the

C~

Chi~f

Engine ers~

Ma.rshEJ.11, Corps of

t he.t $.L e

of Bngineel.."e to form
~ nev ~Jngineer
I ..... .... ,.. .. ... .. .. . .... ... .. ..

A-

District, t o c nrry on special work e.ss1gned to it \~App .2,ps.r,5,23).

~

I
I
i

Colop.el

Mer~h~l

........,_.,...

. .

. ...... .

wal!'. then Dhtrict Scgine.er of the Syracuse District,

.a nd, e-.s this District had recently completed the major pert of its va.r

I
I

I
~

i
j

cons truction, p rogram. he \fa,c; l'\,bl e to bring with him e s mall nucleus of

key personnel without a.ny del i:;y.

Colonel Marsha ll se;rved

tt s

District

!'::ng-in.eer of the new Di s trict until h o wus suc~eeded in August 1943 by

( .~:(.t.t..{..-\ \t.'\ l /~ ..t~.4.: ,A..,,.g, ,.~--~~
hh former deputy Colonel!\ K. D. Nichols. Colonel Nichols 111erved as .. . . \
{I,

District Engineer

unui:J~ .December 1946,

.J

(Colonel Nichols was

.,,;_~,,,;ced \C)

to Brigndier Genera l on 22 Jantrn ry 1946 1 but 1 uncler th e post ... comb e t

reo.U.jui:; t 1:'len t of grt;.de s o f higb.-ranldng o:fficert; h e r ev erteu. to a

SEot:m-

colonoley on ;o ,Juno

194(~.

Some tim<l at.'te:r the termination of the

period covered. by the Uunhatta.n Diut.11..ct Histcry, on Zl April 191!5:

Hi.story as

11

Colonel

Nichols~ t.h~

Engin~er..

v:ork as District

:ra.nk he held during mcst. of his a.eti11e

lot~er

t.:ith regard to the

ratlldng officers. of

tho Distrlet, Yfilose grade~ we~e in some caeee eubjeet to considerable

va....'1.e.tion by pl:'OOlotions, the usu.al. .... but. not invariable ... policy has

been fallowed in t.his history or ref.e rring to each one by the rank he

held at the time concerned in tbe reference. ) r.o.l..onel

Colone. Nichols brought with them,

t't'Otll

t.!Arshe.11

and

the syracu.se Dietrict. 1 a&s

. .,

Virginia Olsson, and she ceNed as secretary to the Diotr!ct Fngineer

/

throughout tbe history of t.he

M~tts.n

F'

'

..:. . . .

District.

(2) Manhatt.8.tl District ... Although the new District was

,_ .

-- I
I

, teeh:n1.ccl.ly in existence fros t.h.e date ot t.he selection of its Oistr.iet

Engineer 18 June 1942, it.-s official activation w.s effective as of

16

A~st

19421 under authority o! General Ordere 1-to. JJ of t.he Otfiee

.. :';'.!'.:\-\

of t.he Chief ot Engineers 1 dated l) Augx>.st 1942..~ ( App. ;,..9 ) / B.; thie
------------,-

order the new District. wa.s d.esl.gnated1 probably f c;r the: tiret time
-0fticia.lly '!'he Manhattan Oistr1ct..

C01oncl. Mara.l-iall

w~

oflicie.l.ly

as.signed. as Dist:d.ct f~~ecr 1 and Colonel (then Lt.1 Col~ ) liichols as

Assistant Diett"ict. Engineer, Uenhnt.t.a.r.! District, by Special Orders lk'l"

. 'J..77 of the O!fiee of the Chi.et of Engineers, dated lJ August 1942

( App "A~l.O} .

In conformity T11th th:e eamou!lage policy reco.irrnendecl

by Drs. Bush end Conant, the ~ork

--.. ~~_?:;.::. Projecttt (Developnent

ot

ot tl1e District was desie11eted the

Substitute Materlola)

(:-. ,

. .

~J-

_/ )

17 Scptenber

~-

191~2,

from the

Co:n..'11.~.nd.ing.

--- ........ -.----.-.- - .. . - ----- .-. _.._ ___. , __,_ -....-~

Ge."'1.e-l"<U., Sorvicru:: of !>"Uppl ,,-

~~-,
'~

-'"'. ....-.. . .....

. .-

?~-;-_. ~-

-- --~: ;-:- """"-~

..
.... .

---:.:-- ~-

. .-

-- .

.~ ;

--

;.........

IN~&ON

SECUR.ll

(la.tel' 1 Army Service Forces) tc the Chie! of Engineers, Major General

~

\'.L;/

(then Colonel) L., R. Grove~; by- direction

We>.$

or

war,

the Seeretary of

relieved of hi6 nssignment as Deputy Old.er of Construction, in

th.e Office of the Chief

or Engineers,

and pla.eed in complete ...dh,arge

~

~.

'

of ell Army activiti~s relating to t.be s.tomie bomb prejeo~ (JApp.A-6)~

Gen.e m Grove$ was to report direotly to the Uillta.ry Pol.icy Canmittee

(web was BlK>ut to be appcinwJ) and to t.he Chief

or

Sta.ff t the

Secretary of rt.tu- and the President,. Thus the pi'Qject. was re:noved trom
eith~r

the direct supervision 0

General

or

the

.sos

instructe~ k>~

(or it.a

t})e Chief

8U,CCe$-$Or ~

or

Engineers er the Go=nanding '

t.he >osI')

Ge!leral Groites wa.p

{l) operate in conjunction with the Construction Divi8i.on '.

or theArice or t.he Chief or 'EQgineera and with other te.cilities Qf

t.he {t:ps ot Engineers; (2) t.ake !.mruediate step$ to &range ror necessary '
arra..~ge

priori.ties; (;)

for a working committee on

product; (4) ar1'sngo tor

pro~t

ot fihe

appli~at.ion

ot a ldte, or site&,

and t.r11aster

aet.1.Vities t.he-ret.oi (~) initiate t.ha preparation of const.ructi<>n ~

o:f materin:l.J (6)

dl.'al'll

&f.fec~.

(Co.J..onel.

L~

pmj~et.1

and.1 t.d"t.eJ:'

approv~,

of~

put tne::i-/,,..-

R. G?'l;)Ves became Brigadier General on

23 &Gptanber 1942; and 1'1ajor General on 9 1.!arcll 19}+.t..

the termination

'

up pl.ans fQr the organis::a.tioll) oonstruction,

cpera.tion and aeou.rity of the

into

-f

So.me

tim~

af'te:r

the period covered by the Manhattan District Flist.ory1

on 24 J1Jnuary 1948 1 he became Lieutenant General.

lie ie gener.ally

r.eferred. to tJu"Qughout this H1st.ory as nu.ajor General. a, or, bri.eny,

"General", Groves.)

of the Chief

or

Gen~r&l

Grovo.s brought nth him, trom. the Office

Engineers, Mr.s.

aean

O'Lea.r-y, and she served e.s his

<..t)

secretary t.t1roU.ghout the history of the Manhattan lJist.r-let.

)-12. ~j).ita.ry f'olicy Co:mtl.tte~ _: On 2J September 1942, a conference

~
--.

[ '

REST ftTED
--

---.-~

....

....-.
.

~-

DAT1~

-... --. -....... --':'-

.-

ms held by those 1100 ""e.re deeignat.ed by the P.t"esident to dete.nn.L11e the

general policiee of the project.

Thosa preeent. were t

Henry L. Stimwn 1 lttmY Chief of St aff Gener al G.eorgt;i

i~ar

Secretary of'

c.

M:a.rehall, D.r,,

V. Bush, Dr. J. 13.. 06nnnt, General (th-en Major General) Brehon Sometvell 1

'

Lieutenant. Genet-al (then Major General) %~. o.. Styer, and Ye.jor General

'

(then Brigadier General) L. H.,. Groves.

{Vice.-.!' resident Henry A. Wallace r

was une.bl:e t o at.tend.. ) At this meeting a WJ.ita.cy Policy

appo.in~,

Ctm!'J.tt~e

wa.S

eonsist.ifig o.f Dr. Bush as Chairman, 'rd.th Dr. Conant as bis

alt.ornate, General Styer, anci Roar Admiral

i~r.

n. Purnell, Gener.al

Groyes was named to alt dth this coomit.tee and to ca rry out t.h.e policies /
;

whici~ -....ere dete rmined.

'l1he duties o! thia committe~ were

to plan mill...

t.ary pollciea ~,J.&t:S,ng t.o %11AterinlG, research a.."ld. development, production.,!

strategy, and t.actic~, and to au.b:nit progress report.a to the top poll~y

j'-J,\,
~
Cr"-1\

The appoint.mc:nt or the Uilltaey

group designa'ted by the P1-eaide.'1t,.

, Palley Conmittee was approved by the Joint New Weapons Committ,ee estab- \\

'

lished by the Joint Ol:d.efs of St.att a.mi co~sti..ti.g of D~ Bush,, Admiral )

...... /

''-~- --P..u..ry;l~p. and 11rigadier ~ral

)--1,). ~bined

Pol.icy

a. a.

Moses..! (t~pp.A-7,-S.)
'
J
Comdttee ...,; iii. the beginning, 1ntemat1~nal

relatiann between the Untte.d stat.es and. Great Britain and Canada in

connection with the atomic bomb

proj~.ct.

ot the United St.ates and the Prime

In

Augu~t

were handled by th President

UWsters or Great Britain and Canada.

1943# hqwever, it. beeame $,?parent that an 1.nternationa.1

mit.tee would be desirable, and this led t,o the establishment

or

CO!ft-

the

Co.11bincd Polley Co.:n.":11.ttee, with the fQllowing membership: for the United
States, Secretary o! t?ar lisury L. Stimson, Dr. Vanneva.r Ektsh, and Dr.

James 13. Gona.nt; for. the United Kingdooi, Field Marshal Sir John ,Dill and
Colonel ,J. J. Llewellin; end f o r Canada, Mr.
LlewEJllin we>.s

repl.a~od

c.

D. Rowe.

Colonel

by Sir ii:onal d I. Campbell in Deca11ber 1943 and

ni )E\. c~r
> 'f"'.C1crr'r\
" cu

r'1 r: .,.
uti~ ~ /\

ATOMIC ~'"R.B.GY _'t, C f l B\G

-------....,---- :,.--;.--:::--- --
........

-,,-

~.~,,--:--"'-~--_: ...... ,.--,-~

. :~... .,..,_.,,.. .. ,.. -- --:--;--- --.._......~. - f.

the latter .. in tuni., was replaced by the Eciri of llalife.%.

ll'ield Mitrt1hal Sir

.i ~hn

D.Ul

l.945.

Mui tla.nd tf1lson eGrly in

Ste.tee members w&s

J~mefi

nr.

Vlll.s

reple.oed by li'ield

Sir Henry

The seientific ad.vi& er of the United

Riche.rd C. Tolman: of the British members. Sir

Chadwick; and of the Canad.ten member, Dean

An

t~ar~hall

'l'hi:? late

c.

J. Me.ckende. (App.

important function of the Combined Policy Committee van

the prov1.eion fer 1ntereb.a.nge of informatiori 'between the nations.

!t

was arre.need that full interchange wou.1.d 'be r.iaint.atned 1n the field of

scientifio

resea~~h

construct1o~

s..n.d development but th.at in

and operation of large scale pllillts

rna~ters

of design,

info.rm~tion

vould

be e;xch.anged.. only 'oi'ben 1uch exchange w-ould htl.sten the completion ot .

wee.pons for use 1.n the eurrent wo.r. (Ap11. Ai-17.)
)-14. Cont1.n uat1on .of A:uthorlty -,': -fhe crganiza.tional set-up desol'ibed.

herein above conUn.ued through the further progl"ess of the proJect and
Ms:nh&t~n

until the mission of the

recapitulate. 1ts major
a,

District he.d. been accomplished.

ed~tnistrative

President Franklin

:o.

~o

components were:

RootJeVelt and, after his death in

Ji:pril 1945, Presid<mt lia~ry $. Truman.

b.

!fhe Top Polic1 Group: The President, the Vice President,

the Secretai"y of We.r, the Chief of Staff, Dr. Bush and Dr. Conant.

I
II

c.

The M111 tf>...cy

Folic~

001.ru:d. ttee: Dr. Bush, Chairman, and.

!
I

D1. Conant, his al terns.te; General Styer; Admiral Purnell; and General

Groves, Execut1Te Officer.

d.

(;

Chc~ irman,

;- .
.)

'l'he S-1

~xecutive

Committee of the OSRD: Dr. Conant, .

and. Drs. Briggs, Compton, Ll.:\.rrenee, Urey, and li!urphree.

;__)

"

'~ei\~~~i~
"""P ::r
,L_rt"l_D
~
~~.1"l\J lf~ J ;1, ~JT

RESTRlCJ'itD DATf1
ATOMIC ENERGY .ll.C1' 19-1"
.,...~ .'.~ -

l'ION

e.

~1he Hanhatta.n

District: General Groves, Commandinr:

General; Oolonel Marshall, succeeded

Colonel Nichols, Dietrict

by

. . .....--

..... .

Engineer,

.: ~

The further ore;ei.n.izational eomponentt!I of the Manhattan

District Wld the au.tho.r ir;at1ons under whtch the;r acted., and the contrictu.al rele.t1one between the District ruid. the many CQntractors who
e:erved on the project, are d.$scribed. in 11ubsequent
pe.rts
.

Qf

the Histor1,
............

3-15. Ge.neral WE:r Power Authorhat1ons . . As prev;i,ou.sly stated the

Pre$1dent and the

Secre~ary

ot We;r. were

gra.n~ed

~~time power~

wide

'by the Congret.H3 and it wo.s under these th(?.t they &uthorhed the work

of the ManhattM District.

Und~r these~

aleo, they

redele~\eci

authqr1ty

to others,
e..

Pblic Lnw lio, 703 .,. 76th ,Co!16ress, 3rd. Session.. e.p,,roved

2 July 1940 This law was enacted by the Oongress to exp&d.i,te and
fac111.tEf.t.e the strengthening of

the

Sec~eta.rv

th~

Hti.UonP..l Defen,se.

of War to provide e>r the

nec~a&e.ey

It authorizes

constru.cUon, rehe.bUi-

tation, converdo1t, inste.llation end operation ot pllf;nts arid buildings,

fQ't: the development, m~ufe.cturing and storage of mili tsry equipment
ead eu1>pliet, an.cl for shelter.
'b.

Public Law Uo.

354 .,. 77th Oongres$, l .s t Session, approvet!

lS December 1941 - "li'irst War Ppwers f~t 11

This law provides tha t the

President may c:1.u thorite f.AXJ.:t department or l'.\gency of the Government,

exercising functions in connect.ion with the wa r effort, to enter into

contrf..cb e.nd

modific a tion~

"'1 thout regc.r6. to pre-vious laws pertaining

to cont:ractir;ig: except that the cost plug e.

percent~e

contrc..ct may nnt

be used, end the le.Ho perta inint; to lim1 t a tions of profits must not be

. r-r r' .~- lt r_ 1._t\.-r .t:.

[ ) 1.... ~:t, ~'"? ~

IT\ ~' i r r,, ~ , ; ~

/,TOI>IFC

, -

f' ~E.'ctGY ?..(;.:

"

!<- .

viola ted .

. ,_\:;

authorize s t he Secretary o:f' W::J>.r to acquire- by ;purcha s e , clona tion, tra.n&f er. or condemn.a.ti.on, at.t..Y re el pro:t>erty, temp ora ry use t hereof or other

int erest therein together with

f:Izy

_personal property loca ted t hereon Ol'

war purposes.
d.

l'ublic Law !To.. 5$0 -

17th Copgres.s. 2nd Seas ion. E<.Pl}roved (\.,\)

5 June 1942, prov1d.in u.iruid.ments to Fu.blic Law Ho.

above - This l aw provides for

stllld~

ma.tters

70~, des c!'ibed

~fe~ting

the militar y

esti;:;.hlhhment ruid authorizes the Secretary of \1.r&l" to entplov architectura l

and engineering techn.ical Bn.d profession.al firmB and individuals to

lf'P:,

design and s up ervise the construction of ad.di t1ona l I.Jar Depe.ttment

ities. 'When , i n h.is opinion, the

e.

exi s ti~

fc~il-

f acilitieB o.re in.adEiqu.ate.

:F'"4ecutive Or der Ho,; 9001. dated 27 December 1941, by

\-:.JU.ch; with subs5 equent e.mend.ments, the Preddent del&gated cer\a.in of

his po\'!ers under the fiJ'iret Wnr Powera Aet 11 to the

f.

S.ecrets.??~

pf \far

Ord e.r 0 the Secreta ry of: 'Iii'~ , d e: ted. 30 De~ember l94:t,

by which t he Secretary

deleg~ted

to the Under Secl'etf:.r;r of War pot.ers

conferred up on him by F..xecutive Order No) -.9001 d e s cribed a bove_

(App.A~~-~ ;')

3-16. Ad d itional Specific A:.ithorbe.tions - !n add.itfon to the

specific autnoriza tions described in preceding pare.graphs (including
:p erticul 8.rl ~

the P resid enti al

D irect~.ve

d ee::.cribed in some detdl in

par u.::rr uph 3'-11.b) t he :followi ng a r e worth,y of men tion:

\

Ki:.~ii ~~ viLU Jr-. ~H

ATOMIC ENERGY A<C.T 1946

a.

Directive on mxtra.ordil1Rr;,r Sec.uri ty )fonsurer.: - On

29 June 1943 the President informed. General Groves tlu.i.t

becauae of i

ta

g:teat aie;ni!ic.ance to the nation the atomic bomb proj act was to be more
drastioe.lly gus.rded than Either highly sscret

wtU"

developments and pointed .

out that. ac; Genercl Grovesi k.new. he (the: President) he.d given 1.nttruceVf)r..Y., _Jlt.:~c e.ution

tions tr..at

-,

be taken

I,\)

tc insure t h e security of the

projttct..' .....___(A:p:p.
Ji.....13~)
..

.
.,

'b.

;l)ele.e;;:.;tion cf Authoriti{ bar the Under Secret$.l'Y of Wc r -

On 17 April 1944 the Undel' Secretary of W&l" delegated to i{ajor General

~ro'lret. ~f'f~ti\re as: of 1 s.ep~ember

1942 the e,u t.harity to ex:ercise

contruetutl :powers u.nde.r Exe cutive Order No. 9001, "in connection 'dth
the wGrk uesign ed. to rui.d comng

withi~ _ t_~e . ,Juri~dictlon

. ..

.,

of the Ma.nha\t$.n

Delega
. tion of .. .Author! ty by General Grovee. "" On 10 J une
;,

1944, Generl.il Grove$ delegated to the llistrict Engineer, Manha ttan

District, affective ea: o'f l September 1942, authority to enter into contract G !oX' the 1-ianha.ttan District, subject however, . __.!c
written approval
.. .......
.

d.

.Authority to Sett+e Claims e,ge.1.nst

~e

::_~

United Sta tes ...

On l j June 19~.lt, the Uncler Se ere tar}' of 'ia.r redel egated. to t.he :Oi t; triG t

'.Elng'ineer, Henhnttn.n District. the authority ves ted. in hin to consider,

e-scertuin. adJU.$t. determine, settle. r..nd.. pay claims again.st the United.
$ta tee which f.i:<ose fro m the aeti vi ti.es of the Mt>.nh&tten District, subI

Jcct to the purvieto and

.en.cl to a:p}:)eal

IC')

~J.

11mit~-t1on s

of Public Lav. Ifo. 112, 7Bth Congress

to tne Secx-e t &ry of lif:r .jApp.A-16).

3-17. Ap: i-opri a tions -

line np,p ropriation.s fror:i which the fuud.s

ht~ l i
ATO

...

;v ~ L<-ENER~Y

~.; .- i U';

ACT 194t'

.. '!"""!"_,.,_.__.,..---."';- - .. . --~~.-,, - "'T "'"',,_-.~.,.__,..

-- ~-........,,-~---.-

.,

...

~~

\'._.)

for the ..anhattan District were allotted J'ng_y be f<n.md. in Book I,

Volume

5,

li'hea l Procedures.

0'
,

( 1
C-ef~f ~l)E -/r1,.JJRD

h'tS i t~.L:; Lu r. Hi if):

ATOMl

ENER"Y AC!' 19F

)
.

SJCCTIOJ:i

~..--

4-1 .

4-

nirwo. :BilUon :Dollot-G.

11

'l'O'l'At COST

tt has

been co!ll'monly sta ted t4t

the tott>.l Cott of the Hp.nho.t t sn l'roject 't'IM e.l)ou.t

~his

11

two billion

d.oll~rs".

was the figure cited by President Tru:rnen in h1e announcement of

6 August 19lf.5, when h e s r..id,

11

\\'e have r:pent two b1llion. doll t:'<rs on the

gr&a test *'eient ific gamble in hintory - e.nd. won. tt

Actually, the total

ezpenditures up to tha..t date were sometlta t lean than two billt-0n dcll&ts.
bu.t the commi tmen.ts l4lrea dy made. a.nd the eont1nu.a.tion of the operations.

0 the Hanhfi ttM District fo'!" the further period of seventeen months

through 31 Iiecember 1946, pJ:'od.ucocl a f'im<l tote.1 figure cf eomewha t more

than t wo billion dollars.

As a

~ound

figure

&bout t wo billion doll ars"

renm1ns sub$ts.nticl.l y correct, as the npp ro:r-:i ma.te meatru.re of the total

eost of the whole of the Mt:tnhatte.n J.?roj ect.

~ccu.rate

It 1& even more

ne:~irly

to s ay thli:.t the amount spent on the atomic bomb (through

31 December 1946) w.s e.b ou.t t wo billion doll cJ:'~.

1'he fina l overall total

costs of the lk i.nhattall District included the cpsts of' v arious e.ctivlties
\<\'hich we re concerned with pea ee time 1a.p pl1ea tions of atomic energy, 81ld
not tii:rectly wi t Jr i he develop me-..it e.nd production of the bomb.

ex.;peruU,ture s 'W'h:l.eh wer .e not d.irecUy concer nod with

responsil)le

fo~ ~~:me

of

thr~. t

th~

Those

'bomb were

p art of t he tothl. cost which excee ded two

billion dollars .

4-2.

l1ACcoun t ing f'or the Uni ta d Sbtes ,Atomic .i.Unert'Sf Commission.

1t' hen, in a ccorclance 'd th the terms of the fo.tomic :Imcrmr Act of 1946, the
?~ttan

District prep are<l . e t the di:rectior1 of the Presiden t. t o

t rruu.~ fer

to the Atomic Energy Commission all 1 t s facilities, e qui:pment, m;tterialt,

etc. en 8ecountinr; tm.e prepnred. 1 en. the

r -- -- .-

b~ d n

of the cost of the entire

1{)

work .

Bec au.o t; of

to

comple t ~ , D.f t e;:;

31

Decemb c:t

th~ si~e, ,
t h.e

19l+G .

complex! tv alld. ''id.el.y scattered

t e~.m11iu tion

~he

of t he con.t:rol of

':i.11lt:o r t s u.l t s ),ere

erabod:ted tn the

Project Co1Jt Summa,.,7 for the p eriod e~ding J "une

:w,

lo~aUons

District 6n

it~tta.n

1947t1"

Dhtrict

Although the

perio d. e;t:ten.c1.e tl t.o t he end. of t h e fiscal Year 1947, t,p.e expen.lU,.tures

enwnerat -Bd.. in

'Liif.! OUIW\l~-~\Y' inclndfld

fu.nds - ~i:_h.e tJ.o-ctll.cii.

11 titll.ta.T'l' li

only tht1&e xnado fx-o m H.anb.a..U t?rn Di&trict

e.zpe.ndituraa .

Ac~aall,y~ in clod?lg up

tne 'fork t:.s of 31 l>ecember l 9 l}6 ~ so roe e X,Pen.di tu.r~ s wer~ Jna4e from these
funds

fJ.Q

l a te ~-.g i 1el;rrum 7 1 94 7~ ewG. th~Ge alee ce rl!lflected in tl;le

$umn::ary, i n the ro:port of the e 'ts.~us o~ funds e. of 30 J~e

l.947 ,. as

follows:
'i1o tL'2. fl lctiae-ntu o.r .411ocat ions

t.$

'l'o t. ~i.l CaE

.n~.lc.."'loa 0f

above dce ti r<.ot

Volume

5,

December

A1lo t me.ntn ox- J+.l l oe.:-:..tions

b~;:i: Be ~11 th

t-ot~l

r.t'ipo:rtad in 'tlle FJ.etoey, .Book 4,

ll'it~ c ul ~=- ri.1 Cedu.res 1 wherein it ifl cta t ec1 (pt-..te 2,6) .: H.A.s of

_;31,

l 9llli, t1w ne t c.llotmen t t.o ~hB .,.:W'fh,a.ttan. Iroj e.c t tot.tiled

two-bU.l.ion-thr ~ "-nunO.red

ot

tht'J

anO. t:1leven rnillion

d o 1.l ~~s 11;

but thi.s h

revoca.ticn:; ->-nfi bec!lua e of tl:'ans:fera to the AEC, mc:..de

the pl'epatr..,t i on

0 1,

becau.se

&"'o.b~e quent

to

t he f'ig.u.res given in t ht"t vcltl.I!lc.

4.2

REST~
DAT~,
ATONI
GY Aot \~q~
. '"'"';'-:"'" . _

- -- .... ..-..

--.-.,.,,_.-.---. .. ..... -;
.

~.

~ --...,.-~ --~-.-:-----.~...,.,

..--.~r.._.,,.

-r

-~

__

~-;~..,.,.-~--,,-..,.,...,.,.""'!"I .:?,"~-:

'

.,:,.-~--;~:-.~--

ff-P5'91!7'7'FPiTF'.f1'z:w~,~lf"7:%*! ::--:.;; _; __ ..,

~.

-.v-.. ,'-.: ...

/,- /l!'"-~~~~~1' ,.,..,_n:w_,._-r,.:

-~~,,.,,~~,,'!~~~~r',irt(:"Z'-~~L$?!.~;.""~;r.::::=

'
SEClriFT 11 iii iitiMATION

i'he volume on Ficcal Prnoed.uree states (pa.ge 6.2) that the cost
vouoners processed. by the D.h trj,ct Coat Section 1;hro-ugh 31 Decj!m1Jer 1946

resulted in "gross cost;s o! approxima.telv

.r ea$'one.bly closely with the

fi~e

further in the volume on . Fiseal.

$Z,2oo,ooo.ooo 0 ,

quoted t't'om the

Procedure~,

a.11d. 1;hiB agrees

;Sum~.

As stated

however, certain costs were

excluded. in :recording the gross cc>r:1ts ,_ ee fe>llQWIH

.. (1) Allotm~nts by the Chief of E.nglnaers t(> other

agenci~s. ~

to-.,: work rJer.fo;niied tor the District

.t! (2) 'l:T.a.tl.t!ipor-tation. Corps (opeJ.:~
11 (3)

rulotmentc).

Fine.nee ,Oepa.l"~ment (;p~. Gllo~a.nces, ~d travel of

fl(4) }!1.scelle.neous prQcurements and ci~po~ isues of other

encies not charged to Manha.ttsn 1unds or vouchered as

11

(5) :EJ.xpenditures by

t~ee

bsv.es.

OSRD ;prier 1;o the establJ,shI:lent of

the Ma.nhattan M.E>tJ"tc.t. ii

4-) Jar.eekdown of Cos.t s. ~be ~l?n h-ojeot Coet S~ for tl;Lc
period ending

e.

bree.l~own

JO June 1947, to vh1ch :refel."ence has been made

of the total costs, vhich ca.n be edited to th.ol!, 1.n a. so.-

vb.at U.mited manner, the totr<l. costs ef the pr1nc1pal

These

~otal

.abr>Ye, gives

par~s

ot the ProJect.

costs do not in all cases at;1::'ee with those which are cited

1n e.rieus other books e.nd volumes of this Rtstory, fo'r a J).Ulllber of

rellLs:ons, includ1ng;

.!t. All items o! costs end credits were not 7et available vhen
ome of the books were written.,

Ol&sdficationsof coats were not &lweys ma.de on the same

basis in cotnpiling the

se~arate

sets of

~ost

figures.

:.. D:l.ctrt'bu.tion of cost items.

&l,)ply

to t wo or 111.ore of the separate

p~ rtioule.rly

5.nstella.tio~$.

su.ch. as mi ght

was dep endent upon

1ndividucl. judgr;lent end mt-i.r he.v e been made in a c cord.anc-s 1:rith diff'el"ent

t heorieG and different. methods of estimating.

The followill/:l, t able (somewhat simplified by 'the combina tion of
1t~'ll1S

of the tw.rrre titl e or de$crip tt.on) is quoted. froti the Sunuar-;ry:

rte.m

Y-12 and Special. J.,c.counts

i{-23

s-50

x-10
Semi-11torka

f-9

L os l.o.lamos
c. n. ~.

~4

Central

Faciliti~ s

Hed.J,.ca1 and. Genat"t-1

Special Ma teriel.s &. .ProcuremeAt

Oen.elal
0-ove,pa;nent 0verhea.d.

Gen(?ral Service Contrac ts

~Qst W
ar Progrwt.s
~~otftl

Credit

.. Feu. ture Account$

A~1ustm.ent

- Oontrn. i'. .Ccountu

CJred it
$2.l2l~l~l..503

..tfo ~ Co:$t
. In.r.t"au.c e n.nd. ~lel.:f.a.re
~ota.1 Caa t n Charg e.a bl e 1i9 M. D. Fwids

. . lt21 2&g.ooo
$2,153,393. 503

If _l

'~:-_

Uf ~ F1 ~
~ ,.._ r'I. ,,,. f't .'...i ! l'it~!) !..i/t f
AT:::1M1c :t: - , ._ ' .lr.r "r g 1-

[.---

. -- - -;- - - ......- - -- -:. - - , ~~ -

- .,. ,..- - --- ----;-= .-...,.._.. - ... - ~--~ -

.,..,-"'P"7-''-; -

---,.._,,.....,. ....-:"- - -- ,.., r ,~ ,.. --:r- ~

.
r- -

, ';

.. .,.-,._ - ~-...., ---,-~ ,---.....-

Sli:Jfillii I WQIWATION

APPENDIX A
RmFEREUCES I N SXCTIQN ~

--.---..... - ---.. ...., ..... .------- ,_. -

'

'

""'-~

Slithihi 41.TION

APPJGlW!X A

1. 'l'estimon;y of !>r. Alexander Sachs, 27 lfoveml>er 1945; .Hearings

before the Specicl. Committee on Atbmic .~ergr, United States Senate,
79th Congress, 11rst Sescion, Pe.rt l (.Printed. GPO), pages 7 ff.
11..anhattan District History file u , Vashington, D. O.

2. "Atomic Bne,rgy for Mil1 tary Pw.-poaes - 'l'lle Official, Report on the
Development of the Atom!c Bottb 1 tll'ider the Auspices of the Uni teo, States
<rovernJUent, 194o...1945D; by lfon~r DeWolf Smyth Che..irman. 1 DepL;.rtmP..nt of
Peysiea, I'rince ton. l.ln1verd ty Consul tnnt Manhattan Die tric'h u. s.
~ineers;

P;r-inceton

tfnj.versi~~

Prese, 19li5 (with detailed. ind.e>: conpiled

1.n the Office of the Command.ing G-en.e r;;.l l.{imhs.ttcm District) .

District History fileE, Washington 1 D. C.

3.

Manh~;.ttan

Again.s.t Tiltle" ; b.r Je:tles i:.hitmey Baxter 3rd, .PrP.sident.

Willie.mt: Collel;:e; Little .B:rot.m e:i.d Oonptu;iy, 1946. ( i 1Gih 1s the brief
of:f'icial hhto~y 0 the Office of .Scienti.t'ic Rese.urch, and. Developme:it" ,..
Varirievt!X" J~ush, in ll'oiewor.d, 21 J(..n~ry 1946). Manhattan District
11 Sc1entists

History files Washington, D. C.

4.
~
~!

Hinutes of OSRD S-1 Executive Committee.

M.D. Ola.ci>. Yilen .

5.. Letter, 17 June 1942, from Dr. v. Bush to l'res1dent Roosevelt,

incloJ?,int; lctte~ de.ted 13 June 1942 !rQlli Drs . V~ :Bu.sh and ..r. :a. Conant
to Vice

~&J.lace. Secretary of War llenry 1 . Sti~son .

~farnhfi.11.
Cle.es. Files of Maj or Gen.
Washineto~, D.

res1~ent

ll.

~.

Army Chief' o! St&ff George C.

L.

:a. Groves,

arid

c.

6.

Hemc>rand.um of 17 Septe.moer 1942, from Coroc1n.nd.ing General, Services

of Supplv, to t.h.i;) C:hie:f of Eni;ineerfi. Class. Files of l-1ajor ~n. r... lt.

Groves,

.~shington,

D.

c.

7. Memorandum d.A1 dated 23 Sept~mbr 1942 si~ed by: Drs . V. Bush .md
J .:s. Conruit; Vice President Heney A. W~llece; $eoreta.cy of War Henry
L. Stimson: Army Chi~f 0 St:;;.ff George c. Hart>htl1. '.Vh1s \n~ s a.ttached
to a merao:rancl:wa of tra:u~mi tte.l, dated l October 1942, from Dr. V. :Bu~h
tQ M.ejor Gen. (then .Er!g.Gen.) L. R. Groves. Class. Yilea of Maj or
Gen. L. P" Groves, Washington, D. C.
B. Him:i.ter. of MGo ti~s of H1litr..r~ '.Policy CommittAe.
Ua4jor Gen. L. R. Orcv~t:;~ Washington, ll. C.

Olae:s.

File~

of

9. General Ordere ?fo . 33, 13 .August 1942, Offiue Chief of EDinP-erg .

Copy in Manho.ttan Dint:rict Hiatciry files. We, shint;ton, D. c. ( Ea.rl;r
Ilraft, Bk. I, Vol. l).

f ---- - -. ---

10. Specfo.l Ordere Mo. 177, 13 August i9t~2. Office Ohi.e:f of Engineers.
Copy in MP..nha.ttan District JH,stol;"y fil~s, Wash1llton, D. c. (Earl.y
Dr<'~!t of Bk. I Vol. l).

11.

Executive Ord.er Mo. 9001, 27

D~cember

1941, as Amended; Regulations

under the First War Powers Act, 19Lll. Copy 1.n Manhattan District History
files, Washington, D. c. ( Early nt-art, lJk. x. Vol. :t.).
12, l1emo:randu.m, :;o December 1941, from. the Secretraoy of Ws.r to the
Under Secr.ete.ry of Var. Copy in Manhe.t ten DiGtrict ili.s toey files,
Wanhingttm, D. c. ( Early Draft. Ek. I, Vol. l).

!ratter. 29 ~Tune 19~'3. from ~resident !l.oose'\"el t to }~or General

(then Brigadier Gene~al) I.:1,. :a. Groves . Oopy in J3k. I Vol . 11, J.,pp. A-1.

13.

'M emor a ndu.m from the Under Sec;t<Qta.ry o! War to ?iajott General t. !~ .
17 i>.pl"!.l 194li-. Photosta t. in Manha.ttmi District :tistocy
:files, Washington, D. c. ( Efui'l~r Dra.ft, :Bk. I, Vol. l).

14.

Groves, d L:1 ted

15.

Mexnorcnd:1.1S1 from .Major Generr;J. L,. R. GcrQV$s to the 1,Jistrict Engineer,

~ian.hB.tten Diatriot , d.8.ted. lO J~e 1944. ?hQtosta:t i,n ~c:.nh&tte..."l Dhtrict

History filet, Waah!ngto.h, D. o.

16.

(E.ttrly :Draft, Dk. I,. V.o .l. 1).

to. the Diatrlet Engineer;

in Mr:mhatton District
( Ei1rly dra ft, ~; . I, Vol. 1. ).

MemorEi.ndwn from the Ur.i.de1 Secretacy af W6r

M~ttan

D1otrict, dated . l (June 191.~.

Hletor-;r files, ~la.shi ngton, D. C.,

Cop~.;

Statement by tbe $ecreta77 of Wflr, 6 A'U1,1$ t l.945. Copy in

DepP-.:rtment of stat~ Publication 2702. (See also :Bk. l, Vol. 4, Chap. S).

17.

{ .. ;)

A2

1~-(-,'1 ~
,,,,' ; I

J!'i" i;.~ '' 11-. I ,1-:' .

1;:~ . I:.

~.

'1

I I

'

"

' \

SECllliliTll!dl."f."'b"IMill'l~~oN

Vol.

G(me r ul

S:eetio.n 1 -. 1.ntroduction to the History

2 - ! he Uiasion of the llil.r).bS;tta.'1 District
J .,.. Autho:ri~a.tione and Lines of Authority
4 - Total Costs
Append.i..x A ..,. !ieferences (in Sect1on J}
B ... Combined 'rahle of Contents
C - Co.mbined Indices (f erson.s and Organizations)

Vol. ..2
Vol. )

C:W.J.tted

(12 covers)

ptia,e.

l -

Le$1ele.t.i.~e

se~t.ion

Contaets of Me.nh att tfn Di$tr-l~t

l .... .tnt.roduetion
2 - r".inaqe1,.al Program
J ... Conetruotion Prograrn

4 ... Domestic Atomic.

ClJaf' 2. ..,. Four.tdat.i.on . of the

~<-ie:rgy

f.ia.t.io~al.

Lezi.slation

!..aboratories

Par. l .... Genel:"U

2 .... Argon."'le National Laooratory

J - Brookhaven

4 ~ 'Proposed

t~:a:t.ioruu.

~est

Laboratory

Coa st Laboratory

Appendix - :ooferences
Ch~p .

; .... r:l"Ogra.:n f~r. -t'.roduction and Dia.trihu~ion of Ra.di.oi s..'lt/.>;~~

s ection l - V"<ilue t.o Sci~nc.e s awl ?,~edleine
2 - Production of !iactloisotopos in t he Pile
) - Establishing the P ~gra"l
4 .. Operation of t.hc Program

RESTR~ DArJJ~
A"l'IJM[C

~.Ii.CT

19,16

~r:~
~ u..., ti

O@fJ r, tl_j~!f iTlll;'RD

SECURt11Bilff31!ffi"'irON

Par. l - lnt~od.uotion.
2 - War ~l~e History of Power Pile R~search
3 - Authorit1 to+ Reeeu~ch
4 - !fue Daniels Pile
5 - .Advisor~ Oomrni. ttGe B.ev~ew
6 - Orge.n.1.tatlon of the Oak llid.ge Power :PU,e Progrsm
7 - ScQpe of the Daniels Pile Project
S - )1a ctors Concei-ntng Power Pile Developme?lt
9 - Other Stat1on~ry Pilei:;
10 - Nu,clear En,ergy tor the Propulsi.on of Aircraft (NEPA)
11 - Buclear Energy- for Ship Propulsion
Appen.d.i%. - Ref er enc es
Diagra.ti~i. .. Daniels Power Pi.le
Chap. 5 - ,Decla ssification end Distribution of :Project informa tion
Section. l - Re~aons for Establish1ng the Declasoifica:Uon
fiystem
II - neclass1!1cat~on Procedure and Org~isation
U,l - Oper~tion of Declassification. Progr~

IV - !he Progr01.J11 for

PublS.C ~tlon

of Classified and

Decla.$sU'1ed Pr()j .ect In.forma.t1:on

V - Sta tus as of 31 December .l.:946

'i:-:.~

Chap1 6 - ,lnvest1Gation of th.e After Effects of the :So.tnbing in,

Japan
.Par. l - IncepU<>n cf
Z -

3-

thC! Mi.si;ion
of the 1{i.$sion
Orgt:nb;a ti.on in the United States
~poses

4 - Organha t1on in tlle Pacific

5 - Itinerary ot Colonel War~en and. the Naga.eski Group
6 - J;t1n.era ry of the lU.roshima Group
1 - Pbvsical Ii6.ma&e ln ll1~osh1ma and .Nagasaki
S - Medic:a.1

F~d!ngs

1n 1U:rosh1ma. and Nagasaki

9 - Xntensity of Radioactivity Found in end. around

Hiroshima and Nagasbld.

10 - Psyoh.ologtcel Ef ects
11 - Jiu.r.t Per lnvest1ge.t1oni in 192+6
12 - I,nvest!ge.tions 'by Othars

13 - Graphic Descriptions
Appendix- R~f~renaes
Ohep.

7-

Contributions of Representatives of the Manhattan

District to 'the Discussions end Proposals for

Intern~ tional Oontl'ol

Section l - lntroduct1on

2 ... Oo.ntr1bU.tions of Mf'..nhe,tten District Personnel

Appendix -

Reference~

.B. 2

r"'t...l-f'"rt'
r\l7 fc;"'"QI~
vlh1 I"
\ i.
ATOMIC I: '

- Y ACT l 94G

SEcutr

INLDRMATION

{:Book I. Vol. 4, Cont 1cl,)

Chap. 6 ~ Press Releases

PG.rt I '(Documents Yfound c.t 'fop)
Pert U (Documents Bound. at Side)
Ohe.p. ~ - A.ssista.'lce on the Oanadirn Pi.le .Project
Par. l - :Beg1nn1ng of th~ Project;
2 - .Purpose

3 - .Brit1h-Oanadian-Amer1can Co-operation

4 - Description of

~lent

5 - "Zero Energy Exponential Pile" or

6 - .Progress and. Costs

nz~ n

1 - .Benett,. ts to the United Stntes

App~.nd.1x

Heferences

Chap. 10 - The Oak lU.d.ge Institute. of Uuclee.r Stu.dies

Par. 1 - General

2 - Prel1m1nar8' C-onferences Sponsored by the University

of Tennessee
3 - ihe Oak Ridge Ingtitute of i uclear Studies
4 - The Institute and the Oak Ridge Programs for

5-

Graduate

St~

Es ts.blhhmen. t of the Graduate Program

6 - I.ol)g-Re.llge ObJeetives of the Institute of Nucies.r

Studies

7 - District Approval of Objectives

8 - Preparation o f ~ Proposal.
9 - 1neorpora t1on of the lnsti tute
10 - Participating Institutions
11 - Oc>ntl-aet Negotiations

Appendix - ReferenQes
Chap. 11 - Allles Project (Iowa State College)
Section I - Introduction
II - Metallurgy
Ill - Gen.e ra! Chemistry
IV - Analytical C"nem1at17
V - x...R~' Structure

Vl -

Plcy'sics

Appendix A - Reports.

B0-

of Service Work
of Scientific Personnel

~xmnples

L~et

Chap. 12 - Ac ti vi ties of t .h e N'e.tiona.l Bureau of Standa rds

Par. l - General
2 - In1 t1a.tion of the J?ro.ject
3 - Spec.ifio .Ac ti vi ties
a . !i'he Graph.i te Problem

b. The Urantu.~ Problem

c. ~~e Central Labora tory

~----,.~

,._

..

:-- . - ~-

- --. ~

-:

- ~- ~

-- -

SECUffffij nw!)iJlfiA1' _0~1

( Book I Vol. 4, Chap. 14, P~:r. 3, Cont'd)

d. Spectrog:raphic l\JlW.yti:G U

e.

Metallurgical In\i'astiga t:lon of UraniUJi'l

f. Ptw~ic a.J. and M<?chanici;,.l l?ropert:i..ee of' Ura.iiu:rn

g . The Ftrst Spectrum of

t.1r~4tum

h. Concentration of IG(>:topafJ
i . Mas s Spectrometer An.al~Be a
j. llad.icia.c t1 vi t:v Jfaai:;uremen, til
OhB.p . 13 - Prepa ration and. fublica.tion of the Smyth Report
:Par. l - T;t,tle e.."1.d, Author

2 ... Inception e.nd ,Purpose

3 - Secnu-1 ty Rules
4 - H.evie11 e.nd Approval

5-

Release
6 - Cre41 t and Cri tici;sm
Appendix - Referenaes
:Oh132.

14 -

J..ti.V~!Oltig~tions -o:f Mhcellaneoue Proeesees of Separa tion

of Urr...nlwn Ieotopes
section 1 - The o~:itt1f'~e Method

2 - q~e laotron Method

3 - 'l.1he Counter-Ou.r~ent Eleet.romigration Method
4 - tthe Ooun.te~-Ourrent Ref~o.x V.?lecutar $tills Method
5 - The 'ract1o~al Sublimation Method
6 - ?he Et.h.er-Wa ter Methoa
7 The Ionic Centrifuge Met~tn
8 - 'lhe Fb.Qtochei:d.cel Method

Appendix A - Doeuments
1:1 -

,Ret~rences

Wop Seeret S.u.ppleme:nt ( i;o Vol..Ullle 4) - Storage l>roject

Vol. 5. Fhoal hocedures (2 covers)

2

Section l 2 3456 ...

lntroduet1on
Estlme.\es and BUdgets
Oo11t:r.~t

Audlt

Finance
nisbur111ne;
tJ.ost Acc-Qunting

7 - Or~al11zat1on end Personnel

Appendices (Separate C~ver)
A - Charts fUld Graphs
B ... 'l'abule.tioiie

C - Documenta
D .. References
.Jol. 6, Insurance Program
C
\_)'

(1 cover)

l;Ecmr:r :
""-

{ )

(Dook

X.,

Vol.

6.

Cont'd)

SectiQn l - Introduct~on
2 - War Depl;i.l'tJllent Ins.uranc.e R?ting Pl an
3 - Modified Insurru:i.ce Ra.ting Pls.ns
4 - Guilte.t:Lteed Coat Insurance

5 ~ Industrial .Accident end Heal.th Insurance

6 - E!nplo~es ~enefit Plan

7~

.Group Insurance

.t~pp~dix A ~ -

Charts &nd J)acumenti:;

Act~ial

Data

0 - Premium Analyses
D - St~tu,o rv Data
lil - Itef erettCe.s

SUJ?l?lement, (1 Januu~ 1$)45 to 31 Daoembcr 1946)

(In name cover., preceding ~c.rlie:r pa rt of Eir,tory)

Vol.

7.

Med.ietl npsr~ (1 cover)

Section l - Introductlon

2 - F.a1SZdG of OJ;>erations
ll:Jilustrl&l NY~c!ne
4 - Clinical. Medlctne and Depntistr;
5 - Biologic w.nd Seal th. '~ GiC6 .Re s earch

6-

Or~~itation

Appendix A - Documen.ts
l3 - .lief eren.o.es
C - J.=>ho togr~phJi

Supplement

(l July 1946 to 31 December 1946>

(Xn same oovf!1,

Vol. S, Personnel

prec~dt.Qe earlier par1; of Hiatol'J")

(l eciver)

Section 1 - Introductlon
2 .. .Recrui t.i.116 f'ro{!rarn.
3 - Conservation -end 1Jtilizet1on
4 .. La~r Relations

5-

Wages e.nd Sslaries

6 ..- Selecti~a Service .Pi-ogram

1 - Mill ta:-y Personnel
S - i~vsl Personnel
Append!% A - Charts end 'ables
B - nocu.mento
0 - References

Vol, 9. Priorities Prograr.i

(1 cover)

..

r~ t: l.,,..,

~
.

~
-,....... -~

~-----:---,

-.--.----

~ ?""~ ~

.. .

,..

' Id!:

. . . ~---- -~"-. .~----.-....-.: -. '

..

---..-"'4 ..,.r----~-:--~. ~

, n1t '"iJ,ij

Section l - IntroductiQ.n
E - D~stl"ict Author1M.t1.02~a and Drga.nize.Uon ::
~ O:perationa
Appendi~ A ... Documents
\

B-

Cha!"t~

C ... REJ.ferences

Vol, 10, .Land ,Ac9u1tHion OEW

(2 covers)

Section l .. C-eneral
2 - Lal'.l.d Ac-!s.itton

Orgk'lni~a t1on

J.ypen,d.ic e~ ( Sept'l.r ate Coyer)

Append.ix A -~eps

.B ... Di.J :"ectives fllld Iropertunt

C - Pho to.l P'aJ?ht
D 4!" ~;:.bcl..c~t101ip
1tl .,. C.-reph$
~ :

L~tf;eri.i

F Miscellruleou~ ;lnf.o.nnatio??.
G ... }.c~i fl 1~ion ,-ol'lns ( Stond~d)
H - D.ocumE'.nt$l etc ... Aveil~ble in lile~ b~. lteal Estate
Division, oF..P
Yol, 11, Sa~et;v Pror;te.m

section 1

(2 eoveri:'l)

IntrQd'1Ct1~n

.2 - Oc.Ci.;i.:pa t lo.~ Safety :Progr&in

3 i'Ubllc

s~ret7 i>-i"Ogralll

lt .... Oth~r s~.fet}"" Act1v1 ties

5 - ;\ccor~iv l.1shlfie-nts
6 ... nreani2a tion

Append.!): A - Ciha.rts ;;:.m i Grc;I,111,s

.B ....

Tebul ~tions

C.,.

~cune~ts

D - l!'e:rme.

F: .;., Ph.o tographs

~ Safet~r Promotion l'f.8,te.rie.ls

G - N~ tional Sr;.fety Council Sa."'V.ey (Separate coveT)
Ii - li'ile Ref e.rene.e s
SuptJl~ment. l July 1945 to 31 DeCel!tber 1~46
(In i;iame eoYer, f.ollov1ne earlier 1>e.rt of li!r.torv)
section 7 (rul.d1 tionr..l in S-u,ppl.,) Fire Prevention, and Protection

Vol, 12, Clinton Engineer Works. Centrr.:.l ~e.cUities

(3 covers)

SECl!l6Ji

80! Jr'l!H!f4V'lzttUl'tD

'81y

iQiMU'IOli

(Book 1, Vol.12, Cont'd)

l.Ja rt /i. -

Oener~l

In tre>du,ction

Section. 1 - DescripUon
2 .. 51 te Selection and l'repara tio.n
3 - :Ba.sic OonGiuera t1ons
Part B ... Towi of Oak lt1dge

.s.e ction 4 - Plenning and Design

5 - Construction
6 ... Opera ti,ona

7-

liounin~

6 .. Commerel.sl. 2.!'acilities
9 School Syste~
10 ... Me::U c~l. Facili ti~a tind. Setvi<:es
ll - Soci.:;i..1 '~ Welfare l'r:i.ClilitS.es ar1d Sei<vices

.f'a.rt 0 - i>reu ! 'aci,!J. tio~

Section 12 - 1!1leetrical ~~stem

13 - \'ietsr Seyply :$y~ tG).1

14

~ Se~~r~ ~

System

15 Ooml!J\\D,1.ca tt.o:o:s
16 - lloed.s; Otrc-et.c., 1-Tzlkct
17 ~ nail~o t\d Systum
lS -

19 -

aud 'Bri dgea

Pru1s .o~er ~r-ansporte.ti.on

s~cmr1.ty SYtem

Sert:i.ce

.A.,ppend1:r.: A - JN.le :aef'arcnoas

- t-1t?;pr.

)
)

(separate cover)

C - G-r;;:.pP:s; Ohc;i.rts r.;u<i !Pt1'bles I

Ji ,.. Photogr;:i..ph.s li.lld. i'lans (a(:p41"ate cov.e:r)

V9l, l~. Pe,tent.s

(l eo\l"el:")

sect.ion l - Intvod.uction

- 2 - l~olicr

3-

4-

Applic;:: , t.ionfl for Pu.ten ts

Ccnt~cct .ltitlinistr~~on

5 - Reecrdc
6 - O>:-gi-mhe.tion

7-

co.-opnraUng

~n.gen.oir,s

App t'!>Ji.cil, X /... - PoU~e:D. ti;:

ll -

~~ten~

Division

1-i<ln~l

Vol, 14, Intelli~en,ce e.nd. Secuxity

(5 covrs)

Section 1 - lPtrodu.ction
2 - Counte:r-ln.telligenoe

3 - .t'eraonnel

and Compti.ey Cletu>ance

fF.

c J

RESTRL/o DAT/}~
ATOMIC

~/.Cir l9~$

SECU5:SI

&
f ')
"'-'-:;.

(Book I., VQl.

14,

P!!fFOIThtA.TION

Cont'-d)

4 .. Plant l'l'o~ection

5.&~
7~

Appenctiz A -

Shipment Security
Security of lnfoi-ma.tion
Orga:nizatiQ~

e~ter s

and

Organltatio~ Ch~rt

B .. Memorenc!.a e,.nd lntelU.genee :Bulletins

C- - MiecE.llla.neou.s :t-01'ms end. ile.nua.ls

n - P..ef'tirences
Fi Coplea of Nevspaper Clippings
:F i'.eX"aomu'.ll of Intelligence Md Security Divhton
Suu;plemltt (.3l. Dec~mber l.945 to )1. December l946) (separa te cover)

~op

Append1~ to SU.._ppleme.nt ( separ-a te oo\"er)

Inte;Lli~nce SupPleinent N'o. l (separate cover)

Secx-et

Forei&J.

s~ction i - tn \"thie uo~

2 - ~stabl~shment of ALSOS Mission.e

3 .. >:te.li('41. Investiga Uon

4-

We&teru f.>"lid Central ll."'uropesn lnvest1gat1on

Investigat~on of N~clear R~seareh in J~Pf.Ul
6 - O:rgf:l?l1tatton ruid Pe~sonnel
App end1Ce8 At B
and 3
Foreign lntel'Utence SuPplement~ iio$. 2 " ( nepcr&te cover)

5-

Vol.. >.l,. General Jeatures

(l cove1,")

Sectlon 1 - Introduetiou
1-l, ~Cs~
12~ scape
1-), huthorbation
l-4, Adn11nist!'e.tion.
Seetio.n 2 - Basie 'l'heory
2..1, Nu.clear Jlisdon

2-2, Coneentratton of UrBlliurI 235

2-3, Appllca.tion of Th~oty
Section 3 - Pl,anning of the Pi-ojeet

3-l, Begin.nine

~f

the Project

...

)-2, B.esearch mul. Development

3-3, Design

G.nd l!lngineering

3-4, Conatruction

3-5 1 Operation
Sec~ion

4 - DesoripUcn of the Project

4=1,' Description of Site

4-2, De~cr1pt1on
4-3~ S1~e of the

~~~ ~--,-:.~

, . --: . -.. . .
~

.,,-~

_,.,,.._:r. .,~-:;.,....r-:; ~'." .. 'f'~,.~"1"'"'-;-;-"'-~-:r'~: .._,_,.,

ot Facilities
Project

---~-"!...,.-;

...~~~, ;":""..-"~""---.-,=-

_...._.;:---,,.-....~.7'~;t:S'."\:r.:.4-...-"_.,.--.c-r-----,.~'..-. -:

---;i:r-~-

,_.

. -

~--

-."::'"'~~:-~-

..

~~,

sEcURUX umsm: erroN

~ U L. ~
(BoQk II, Vol. l, Oo~td)

Section 5 -

l~a~1o:r

P:robleniu

~1, . -0.;!:,~~-~a!.

5-2,. DQ.x-rier

5-3~ O~r.rosion
5-4~ 1;i<intr:~Tri:pa.t1o;n

5-!),
5-9,
5-7,

5-s,

L~ak(1ge

S;p.~c1~~1 l~qu1pnhlP.~
Sp~ei al Che::11ica.la

l"cwer Supply

,...~ . Speein::t He.~ards

5...10 P:r-e:pa.r-8. Ucn of :Ple,n t Bite.

Section -'~ ..; S~:f '= t~ ~nd. Seeu.d, tir

-6.;.l,;\t:ntro<iur.t.ton
6-2, '$1.!.f~tt Proe;:r:~>n
6-3, Ml!)d.i.cal. P:r-cr-gI'iWl.
6-4, Seeur1 ty J:lrogr<.1. r~
. Section 7 - U.oi; "~

7-1 ~ lnin.d.uction
7-2, Source
7-.3, Fresen.tti;tion

7:..4,

Oo.n
t. llrsakdo~n
.
.
SUlru.lmry

7-5, Cost

Section f5 - Org;mi~ atioll- Md J>e:rnonnel

S-l, O-ent?rtl
g... ~, l(-2!j ; f~dmitii s t17a t1 ve O:rgaui it Gt ti.on
Appendix. A -~ ,:!h ps
B ... Ohe.J:'h

C ... Lists

Section l -

lr.Lt~~od-u.ct.ion

l.;_l, l?U..?Ot>e

12, Scopt'!
l3, Authcrhc;.tion

l-4~ .Adm.1.nii;tr.;o...tion

Seotritm
2-l,
2-2.
2-3,
2-4 1

2-5.

2 ... Con.tNctual f,,r,rfJngemc1lt~~

Columbia Un:tvcrs1.t;r
'l'he M. W. Ke.ll~m; C-ornr, ~-.K ellex Corporv,tion
CE.<l'blde G:.:l.d Ci::rbcn ChiJmice.la Corpora tion
:Sell 11elephone L~boru. t oT' ic;, ( ~fos ter;n :Electric Company)

Prinpeton University
2-6. Other. .Re&earch Contr<.::.cts

~
,
CLe T.Ji .dJJlffi
= " a .;;!3Ri
U.r ~:.

r , . . - - .

r.~

i.,'!i,~
.~'.._/ :i~
, ;. 1 ~ ;.": ;f", ; .
., .It"./,;,
r(,.,.r ..)I r, I I
.P... TC>!.:~c

.. ,

~C-,

) CT J.8~ ~

. :

..

CifJf'IDEl~ i JAf~/RQ
@
.
.'

SE'IGR'ilfi?iilH&:LATIC

(Book II, Vol. 2, Conttd)

Sec tic~ 3 - Genere.1 'l'hecry of the Ga6eous Diffusion Process

3-1, HiGtory cf Diffusicn TheorJ-

3-2, 2:h~oretical Princ~pl~c Underlying Operation
3-3, Work en Pro~cas Dcvolopment

3-4, PeEiign of I.c. .r~e Sea.le Plant

)-5, Alterllhtc Pl(:;)J.t A.rrnge:.uente
}-6, Later Work on Plant Theory-

SecUon ~ - :Devclopl!le,ut of Diffusion :barriers

4=1, llc-rly Stu.dies
4-~ .Ba.rricr ?ro:pertiee
4-3~ .Br.rrier S~ze rul.d Sbe_pe
4-4, .'Bs.rtier ~'J',t;ea
4-5 :Poderesl Nickel, ...a...,,,..--- .- .-

. _~~ ~~' _ -~ ~--..:~~~:i_i{_

Se<!t.ion

. 5-l.

5 - Development

5-5'

~ge l,>ur:tj)S

5-7,

Coclc.nt.

5-6,

~Wf~D ~_.._ :. :; ;;, ~,:.~;1

of Specitl l'umps

'l'roC)GSS .Pul11p6

5--2, CentrifugaJ. l11.l.Pl.tJ sears:

5-3, Gas lle&.rinG lllo"'1ers
5-4, Totally .~clo1>~d F1oeeea
Conditiolii~

l'u.mpr:

PutrpQ

f-'U.!:1p6

5-S, Process G~u Ve.cu.U!'.l Pwnps

5-9. fluorine VHCUUO .?ump~
!)-10 lli.t;h V~l.U:L!il Pumps
Section 6 ~ De~elop~ent o! Special tnst:r-ru1H~n;s
6:1 1 ~nervl

6-2~ Ml:.:.t!t Spectr-or!le tei;

&..;Jt Line l::,ccorder

6-lt, Lc~c l)etector
6-51 J..~f!,~' Naclii.ne
6-,.G fi&E.>iO~ Counter

6-7~ ~e Jlecorcler
Theri::::.: el C oruluct~e Cell
6-9~ .li.c~:n.wtic Gi:.t: ..;;..:1."' lyze~
6-io_, Rt An,$.lyz~r

6-e,

6-11. '.r'l'.<,J.Ce !.219.icators

6-12, Inf'ra.-red Abso.r-pt1ou Hct~r
~1 7 , De;: !-oint Rpcorder
G-..14, D!fferentitl Pre!isure ludic &tor.

fiecUon 1 - Pi.t ot l'lB.IJt Development

7.-1, lntrod.uc\.iolJ. .
7-"2, .fH.ncle st~e SeFeru.tiou
ri.lot Pl.wit Ho. l

7-),

_ . __ _ _

s~~~toms

S1iQ' Wlr7 " oe--r g

I

( Hook Ir, Vol . 2 , G(;ction

7,

Cont.*d)

7-4, :Pilo t Pl ant 1fo . 2

7-5, Pilo t I'li:ui t No . 3
7-6. Sinc l e s t;;;~e Bl o\'Gl'
7~7.

V::..cuur.i

Sf1 cti~n

Er.gin e eri ~

g - ChGr.1is try

e-..1,

Systems

Schcol

&tll'i Physics of the Dif :t."usion Method

General J?.robl emf;

Z-2, Pl;r~ic~ l ~~d C~~iulc ~l Prope rti e~

6- 3, Barri er ChGmis try
e- 4, !!:ler t G~~ lJ~e s tin ~1.:.r:riere
5- 5, Ccr:-odcn of K~"" te:.i <;.ls

s-6~

DevBlop:..;snt of t:pecicl Che;;r.i cals

Secti on j - :3klf ,t~ r-ru: Securit ;;

9-l, SL;f ety P rO;l." e>m :::
9- 2~ s~ curi ty i'r-o~rwn

Section 10 -

Oo~tp.

10-l, I n.t r .oclucti on

10-2, Cost l3rellkdo\<'ll

Cc st

1~3.

Sur'. nr-.~rr

Sec tio-n l !. - C:rg.:,u i zatlon !>Il.d. .Fer s o.nnel

11-1, ni.strS.c t C+,r;:{;,niz&tion

11-2,

O~l ~b i a

LreB

1 1- 3 , SA?{
. TJ<JbOI' ~ tori cs
11-4, Col'Q.l'.libl<:; Un.ive::-~ i t y

11-5 , E:-elle;:- Corpor ation

ll-6, Ee!t ~slephone La.boratorio~
11~7.

Prince ton Univ-ereit.y

11..

fJther

e,

Appendix

A -

{ Ue~ tern

O ont re t.~ to ri:::

Contructs

.o - Cl'u\l"'ts
C - fi:w tognphs

D - i:ll e c.1;.d. Ii! t('<rery liefe.renaes

- - Do t;ur.~r~n t e.:r;:" F.xhi bi t s
~ - G-J..c ~ r:. iJ~r

G - 3~e;t l?e):n ori.n e J.

Se c tion 1 - !ntroci.nct5.c.n
1-l, Purpose
1-;: , Scopa

1-3.
1-4,

Jm.t ho:d.};:.;.ti cn
Aiirainb trs. ti G ~

11 .1 1

-.-.-"'!.,

....

_~

........' ---..

Elec tric Company)

(\:i:f

:Book II, Vol. 3, Con t. ct )

Sectiort 8 ... ! pi ti1::\l Wcrk 'Und.~ :t the Office of Scientific

z-1..

R.e s ~~!J;'Ch

imd lJevolopment

fo troduc tion

2-2, .Prelitllinc,r y Wor k b/ the M. w. Kollott Ccn.npa.nr

Sect!on 3 - Nee;oti'..!.ti oni:; <.:.ttd.

3...1.

Prelimin (;l.r~r

1;l e:.nn.i .ng

Gfl',,_~ e r al

J-.2. O~''S.D f;pp ~ove.l o;f 6oO- St elge .Pro ducti on Uni t
3-3, Rev i ew and .Ee;:; as.-,.. r~taeu t Gt G ;~i;; lil:i'fusioti. Me t hod.
3-4, Eel. eetien o:f the Con tre.cto:r

3...5. The

SectioD. .5

!>-1,

leello,~w

Contrac t

SJn.i.ill Sc:al.c T,e s ting of l 'l .G..n t Uc.s i g n

Intrp~uotion

5-2~

fhe Test FlQor

5-4~

i'he Te11-S\ aeo Cru>C8.d~

Pump Pes t Loop9

5-3,
r?:;

5-b,

Al l~e-Chulm~:ra ~:W.ip

Su.al

~ es t ing

Cold 1'r.ei.p !!.'as ti ~

Sec t i on 6 - i1'l1..n t Si t o
" f>-1., .Si te Sdec U on
6..,.2, Sectioni..<l. Si t t? Dedgna.fiiou e
~~

7~1.,

7... 2,

... J?roco.s s De s i g n

t ntroductlon
Y..a.Jor l' oU.cy.

li~ciz i vns

1~3, F l~~ CGp~c ity

7-4~ ~''h e .Plt~i t

Ci:lr;t.: (i tie

(Sec tion J OO)

7~5, StSi~e :Des i~n

7-6,

7-7

Cell Design
Buil cli!l!.!; Design

7...t;, Sec;tio.n Dea ig1i

7.. 9,

l 'cl'?d 'Pur i!ic ~tti ou SyEt<tm ( Section 10 0 )

$~s t eu ( ~ecti on 600)
7-11 1 Pf.u'.gi nf;: Sy~ t etl ( Sec;tfo u. 31 2)
7-1~,,.Pro.ce.sz fra t R~cov ~r~ Sy ~ tem
7-13, ~;fodu.ct Wi tb. dr ;.;..~::.l !::iyc ten:
7-14~ ~ emp orr;. ry f.'u.re;e a.nci. .Prcciuc t oys t ams

7..10. Surge c:nd \h 1s h

13, 12

C0f1! ft 2'JEPLTtJb'Pt0

' lilt

'?- - ;=v !Ii' 'i t

hi lb bi&i!+iN

!IS

(beck Il. Yol. 3. Cout 1 d)

Sectton 0 - Lasiin l:ll~ Procurement of Process Equipment
C'. -1- In troci.uc ti on
e-2, Role of tho Kelle;: Co:rpcrc..ticn

Z'-3. l3n:rrier

S-1~

Jll'CICCO~

6-6,

Pu>eo Converteri>
P~ocooe l->u.ui;c

s-r,

l'roCODC GIJ.i; Cool~rs

s-5,'

B-7,

6c~1ce

Con-verterg
Punpa

6-9. Coolun t. Coole1B

S-l.O, hocer.s ?~ping
S-11, I'xo~cor, 'fol vcs
6-12, Ins t;rW!L(';ll t

s-13. Col ~ 'l'n:.pn

6-14, Oe.r'bn Traps
Sec ticn 9 - hocees

9-1,

1~ldingf>

end Util1 tieIJ

l~trcd~ction

9-2; The Cascaie 11 '\J"

9-J, ~_yp!cal Process :illlild.ing
9-4, P.roc.esc J.$cU.lilP.i Yer;t1.lation. System
9".'"5, ~roe.es& }3uildilltt .ii?atine Systei?:
9-6, Process Buildi~ Lightinc Syste~

5-7,
~"-e,

P~G~as

El,tildipg Co1nl!lUl11ca.tioA System

Ccnvertet' lirui,cillng Equi:pmen t

Section 10 - Denign of

~roc~s~ ~ervice

lnstollctionz

10-l lntrod.uc.tion
10-2, Coo.ient ~r.71.ng tllld Stol"~e Plo.nt (Sectioh 300-c)
10-? Eccirculu.tine Cool1Dl; W&ter Systeru (Section 800)
10-4~ Dry .A1t .Plant (Seqf;ion 1100)
10-), .C omprceeecl J..ir Flen.t (SeoUo,ri 1200)
lo-~; Luliric~tint; 011 $y6toJU
10-7 JJrf Ji.ii t.rog.;:# Stl.PP11 S& te~
i~; 1-lotilc .Servloe .l,Illit1;;

Section l l - ColJ.d tio.r.ing J.:rce. De&iig.u

ll-i, lntr,c6..uctioL

ll-~, Oon4! tiocl.Jll; .Build.inc: (K-14ol)

ll-~~ /..9cet>spiy Co~tionir.i& Structure.13
ll-4~ l 'l.01 ir1 Ge.ncra t1ng Plex:.t (~f!ction 1)00 )
ll~5. nuor1no .Pitfotlul l1l~t, (K-140!))
11-6~ l~iG lfout.r d!dng Fl.cnt (K-1407}

li-7 111trcgen Plant (K-14oo)

n--r.

CrJ:"'b<m

Jiinw: J:'l1.!.n t.,J,K-14lol.~--~- __

C . ---------

SectioA 12 - I'owel'

C9f4F I DEi~'rf A\QRt)

-r

PJ.~t

..

2!~L}~ --

Desisn

..---

------

~ ;m

REST~
- -rJ) D/lT/'
. . ~
t..

.h.lvlilC .

- x .11..;1

I '

i.;;-1~.

nrsrrn

wnwunoN

(.Book 11. Vol. 3. SeQtion 12. Cont'd)

i.e-1,
12-~.

Genere.l
Deslgn Bases

12-.3, Fr<;>cn1.i-emant

12-4, Ooal Handling System

12.-5, Coisbu.stion Sy$tem
12-6, e;lteum Genetation System

12-7.,
i2..c,

~bo-Gene,rators

Cooling Water Syetem

12-9, ~teaJn and Condensate S1stem tor s-50
12-10, ?l.lleotrical Distribu,t1on System
,section ll - The
' lJ-l, General

Adminbt~ation ~ea

13-2,. Laboratori~s

13-3, Adrni)itstra tion iullding (K-1001)

l}-4,_ lndv.strial Rele.Uoni:; Building (!t-1032)
l)-5, Field Of fice :Builc.U,nes (I-1029, Jt-1034)
13-&, Personnel Fa~iU.ties
13-7. Mbcell~eous liuJ,ldi.ngs
Section 14 - fhe K-27 Area
i4=1, General.

llf...2, PJ'QQ~~t Des1g:;i

14-3, Equipment Design
14-4, :Pr-oceu Service ltlS telletion.s
~ower SU,ppl~ end Diet.ribuUon (Sectton 7'30)
llr-6, Q~nd1t1oning and Adm1~1stratlve ~a~111tie~

14-5,

Section 15. - ABsistance from Britlth So\1,?'Ce$

15-1, lnttl)dll.cUon
15-2l .P~el1m1Ul7 Diecuas1ons
15-3, Revlew of Gaseous D1ffu.s1on :Plnnt De$1~
15-4, Assbtenc~ %11th '1ieoret.ical Problems

15-5 .. D<3velopment of Scraper Cold Traps

'

Section 16 - Sa.f et,y end Sec.ur1 ty

i6=1. Safety Progr.am

16-2, security Program

!Z - Costs
17-1, introduction

.section

17-2, Cost Breakdown

l7-3t

Oost SWil1U8l7'

Section lS - Organiza tion 6.lld Personnel

18-1, District Organizntion
16-2, New York Are~

18-3, Milva1Jkee

Area

-.,

.:>'

~- ... :"';:-

--,;;1 --.... ,,--... _........_... _

_,.,,._,."".~~:~-,...,.."'f"":~:~-...~- .- ..--,.~

....-~ ....,..'"'Y"'!! ..."""'i-'!:'.T.'":~~rr-:..~.....-:- f""!'~-:--..-.;o.,..._~....... ~ - -~-:---~.~~--.,..~-- ~7"'-'--: .....

i .

C-~

(Book J:I, Vol. 3, Section

lS-lt, Dec a tlll:'

is.

Cont'd)

t~:ree,.

Detroit Are ~
18-6.. i'he Kellex Co,.,~oration
..."'
lS~5,

U~- 7 Allis-Clua.J.;mera Menute.c tu.ring Oompe~'

1S-8i ~0Wiaille-Hershe1 Oorporat1on

lS-9~ The Chrysler CorJ_:)oration

18-16, Other Contractors
A;ppend.b: A - Oontre.cts
l3 - Plan Dra.wingt;

C - 0.hnr~s e.nd G~aphs

D - !i:1abu.la.Uons
E - Photogx-aphs
1 - :File Ref e:rences

G - Doou,menta::ry Exh1bit s

H-

Gloss~

I - Safety s.n.d Security :Bulletins

J ~ Key ?er~onnel

vo.1 . 4.

Constru~tion

(1 cove:-)

ection 1 - lntrod.uction
l-l, Purpose
l;-2, S-oope

1-3, Authorisatio.n.

1-4, Adm1n.1stration
Sect1-on 2 - Contraettll. Arra:igem$nts
2-1, Genel."&l.
2-2, ~e Kellex O~rpo~s~1o~
2-J, !l.'be J. A. Jones Oonstru.ctton.

2-4, .FcJ;"d 1 Ba.con and Dav1s, Inc.

2-5~

Comp~.

Other P,:.lme Contractors

Section 3 - Construction ot Fac111t!es

.

}-l, Schedultng

,:;...2, Site Development

3- 3, Utili t1er1
3-4, Power Plll1lt Are&
3-!;), Main Pr~ceas l.re1::.
.3-6. K-27 Area
__..,._

3-7, Conditioning Area

3-B, Admin1$tration~A.ren

3-9, Construction. PlEmt Facilities

3-10, Construction Camp .F'e.c111 ties

3-il, Construction Features

..,
,,.J

['~-- ~ ,...-~:--:_ --.~-~-

. .

:,~-.-~,,,"":'".~

.;

.~'!"'~--:-_.:~

.---i--~_...,.,.

"; '' ~ ."" "'""f .. -..., -

'f' ,.,.. ,,_

~-'::.-~'. :-':";.,...

;-.:tJ""T"":' n.
;-'

tnc.

St

4, Ccmt'd)

(Book II, Vol.

Section h .. Sl.ii'ety u.nd Secur1 t1

l!Z1, Sa.fety ):>rogram

4-2, . Securit1 Program

Section~

- :PerQotu1el P~ocu.tement ?nd 1ndU;$trb.l Relations

5-l, Pel'$Onnel .Procurement

~a,

Emplo,ment Statistics

5-31 ~iOrk Stop.p age$

5-4, L~'bor R~lat1.on15

5-5.

!)-6,

B.ec!l:'ea.tion and Welfare

l'~a.Q.lil~<rrtatlon

Section 6 ... Coats

6=1, 'ln ~~odu.c t.1011
6-2, Cost Breakdown

6-), Cost Sum1iu-: ry

Section 1 - Ore;oo1tation and Personnel

7-1, C.o netrctton Office

7-2, ~e Kellex CorpoJ"a.tion (1i'ie1d
7-3, J.

7-4,

1-~.

~ Jone~

Po~.

IW-con

Or~!~e.tlon)

CQnetruc;tion Corap~, lne.

B.lld ll~vis, Inc,

Otbf)r Prime Contractol;S

/tppeudix A - Co.ntre.c:to:ra
:S - Maps

:C - Cb.arts and Grc;phs

D .. ~abul e t1ons
:ll - Photc>grepho
F - Jr.ile Reterences
0 .. G-lo s &&rV

H - Key Personnel

Vol.

5. QPeration

Sectipn l -

covex-6)

I.nt~oduct19n

ll .Purpc>se

1-2, Scope
1-), Authorization
1-4. Administrfi.tion
..s..tt1on 2

Contractual Arrrui.ge:tnents

2-1, Carbide and. Carbon Chemicals Corporation

2-2. lford, ~con c:.nd Davh, lnc~

2-), Hooker

Electroche~ica.1 CocipBlly

Section 3 - Prel1minacy Cae .eade Opera.ttone.

3-l. Introduction

..c8r:r1i:rrrtedJRQ

BldfanoN

St'
!_.. ... ...iUl]

SA

:r Ciiiit.P~tft'tS
5,

("Book II, Vol.

3-"c...

3-3,

3-ll,

3-5.

3-6,
3-7.
3-B,
3-9

Section

3, Cont'd)

51i Stage l-'1lo t Plant

lfocha.nica.l '.rest Runs
Acceptance of Facilities
Vu.cuum Tes ting

Inatrument Checking
Opcr&tions on Uitrog~
Operations on n-rerfluoroheptane
Conditioning with Fluorine

4 ... ~roceas Operations

4=1, Introduction
4-2, CaGcade Operation
4-3. } o~d. f'ur1.fica.t1on E.nd. Supply

. Section

4-4, Emge Absorption and Waste

~emoval

4-5~ I'rocese; Str~~ Purgin,g

4-G, 1-'rocees Gas B.eeovecy

4-7

P+od.uct Wi thdra.val

Section.!? -

Operatio~

of frocees Service Instsl..le.tions

'-1, Introduction

5-2;

.Proceiss Coolant Supply

Cooling \fri. ter Supply
~. Dey AU' ~PP:l.
5-!h Compressed. Air Supply
5-6, I.iubricat1ng Oj,l Supply

?.-~,

5-7, Dq lli ~X'ogen S~ppl7

5-S, Service Labor{l~oriet;

5-9,

~pecicl. Cheintcal~

Section ! - J?Q\o'er Plant Qperat!ona

7.;..J. lnt.rod.uc;tion
7-2, Steam G~J.:l.er~tic.n
7-3~ .Powe.r Production
7-4, r.Qver" :t~om the f;V.A. ~ystem

7-5 1

SteNn Su,pf lied. to

s-50

Section g - Prcxiuction ChronolOQ."

B-1, lits.rt-up of the K~25 Pl.ant
g,,...2, Start-up o! the .K27 l71.ant

CifJFiiilliPJTfAb'~"

l3.l7
.

. . .
:
.
~r
., . . . i! ~ . ,

t f

faf b@fa fofi

(:Sook

u.

5t

Vol.

Section S, Contfd)

S-3, .Formation of O~scade of Cs.scad.es

S-41 Oase Scheduling
g-.5, lnterru.pti<>ns to Operations
S-6, Mai.nt~m.anee Elxp~ri"nce

s- 7,
s-s,

Plugging of iarrie:r
Feed Material
S-9, Waste Mf;l.terial

610, Product Materi('Ll

Section

- Safety and Security

9-l, Safe\y

~rogram

9-2, Seeurl ty Prograti

9-3. Div<11rsion Control

Section 10 - l?eJ:'aOnnel Proc\U"emeitt and Industrlal Relations
10-:.l Personnel ~rocuteme~t
10-2, fra.i.ning of Spec1al1 zed Par~onn~1
10-j, !lmpl,oyment Statistics
lo-4. Work StQpp~es
10...5, La.bor Relations
io-6, Hou.sin& J?'.r ogram

io-7,

~rah$portat1on

Section 11 - Costs

11-1 1

I~troduction

11-2, Monthly Operating Costs

ll- 3, Cost l3t-eakdow:1i

11-4, Cost

Su.mro.ery

Sect1on 12 - Qrg~7.at1on and Pereonnel

l2~i.. K-25 Ope):'atio.ns Office
la-2, Carbide and Oa:rbon Chem.ice.its Corpo;ration

12..,3, Ford, :Bacon and. Davis Inc.

l.2-4, Hooker Electrochem~e&l Coropany
Appendix A - Flens end Flow Diegram$

Charta and Graphs

C - lf-abuiatt.ons

b -

D - ?hotogr~s
E - Contracts
~

- Key Personnel

5 (separatA

~op

Secret Appendix~ to Vol,

~op

Secret Sp:pplemen.t No. l - to Vol.

~over)

(s~pa.rate

cover)

REST;-(1., DA IA
ATOMIC~ Ad

19t$

iOOK
III, Tt!E P-9
PROJEO!l.1. (HEAVY
\'!,ATER)
"
. .
.

(1 volume. l cover)

egtion l - General
:i,-1~ P1+rpose
1~2, Authorization
Seetioa 8 - R~see.rch and De'V'elopment
2-:-lt !$~.de 'fheocy
2-2, Spec1f1o Reseat'ch Projects
2-S.~ General I nve.a.tiga.tions
2-4, J;iec16ions Requix-Gd
2-.5, f'roceeses Considered
2-G Principal Decisions
2-7 ~ $p~eifice..tione of the Product
~eet1pn

3 - Design P...nd ll!ngineer1ng

3-l, Plant fit !PrFAil, B.c.
3-2, Flents in the United. Sta te12

6eoUon ~ ... Construction

4-l,t Pl~.nt t>.t frEi.il. :S.O.
4-2. l').nnt e.t Morganto~ Qrdnance Worl:.s
4-5 Ple.nt at Wabash River Ordna nen \'forks
4-4 !'l~..nt r..t Ala.b~a. Ordn.,,noe WQrks
4-5, Reea.pi tula ti()i'j. of Coi;ts

Section 5 - Operf>ti.on
5-1, ~lant ll.t Trf.l.U. :B.G.

6-2, Ph.nts in the United. Sta.tes

5-3. neeapitula.t1on

.5-4_, Shipments of Ma terial

Section - Orgs.nietion and

Per~onnel

6-l, Administra tion

6-a. Reeeareh and Development Personnl
6-3. Design Personnel
6-4, Oonstru.ction Personnel

6-5,. Operating Pe:rsonna.l

6-6 .. Ge.nerrl

Appendix A - Drawines
B - Photographi:

0 - Li~te of Special Documents (in

D - List of Other DRtP. in ~ilea

~iles)

( .)

... "Z -

- - --- -

_ _...llllllllf.lN
JiOOK IV. PILE

PROJ~OT ,

X-10

Vol. l. General J!1~g.j;uref?

( l cove:r)

Seetiou 1. - Introduction
1-1, Ob,jectives

1-2 , Scope
1-3,

Authorh n tio~f;

SeQtion 2 -

E~rly P.~velopments

2-1, Natur'e.l I!adi.oe,Qtivi ty

2-2~ Artifiaial Disintegra tion
2-3. 'Discov er~ ~u1d l'..ffects 'of Neutrons
2-4i Ei6sion

Section 3 - Adfninistra tion

3-1, Genera l
3-2,
3-3,
3-4t
3-5,

lfo.t1one.l Defen.se lies ea.rch Commi. t tee (NDRC)

Office of Scientific :Uesee.rch nnd Development (OSRD)
14.en,ha.tten Engineer District
Administra tive Jurisdiction

Section 4 - Vha.ses of the Pile Project

4-l. General
.s- -2 . l?esearch
.a...3, Development
4-4, Design.
4-5, Selection of Contra ctors
4-6, Coordina.tion
ection 5 - Costs
5-1, Gene l"a l
5-2. ~etallurgical

4:-~boratory

6-3, Clinton Laboratories

5-4, lie.n.ford Engine~r W
orl:e

,'
.J

.,Section 6 - Intelligence on d Security

6-l.. Geners.l
6-2, Employm~nt
6-3, Distribution of Inf'orma.tion
6-1 , en-Project l nvestigations
6-5f Phy"sicel Security
ti-6, Security of Informa tion
Section 7 - Lav

i!:nforcem~nt

and Jurisdiction

7-1, GenereJ.

7-2, Jurisdiction
7-3, Law Enforoemcnt
If.{ )

B.20

RlSTHr~D DAT/l
A'!O'tl'iJ~Y

--..--

... ..,- .

---'."'.,...,::-.-...,..... .-- ---- .

----~"'!--:-----.v-.-_.,.....~

::.

. . . .;""

ACl' 194 6
~-~

...

--~ -;;~_,..,._.--:

....

'('

' f

~~.

SEeicMl!Witl!l!!l!l!l!i-i!ZWL!tlfflOM

( l3ook IV f Vol. 1, Cont 'Cl.)

Secti..Q.!L.!l - Oa r e of E.ea.l Est i.;.te

8-l. General
8-2., Village liesidene.es Emel Business Buildings.
8-2, Ft:1 rn1s atld Orcha rds
8-4, trri.J5a.tion Di stricte

8-5, Streets and RighwEcyt

8-6, Electric Power Lines
8-?, lie.ilroa.ds
S6ctioL 9 - Organization F..nd Pt\reonnel

P.-1,

Gen~ral

9-2 1 Government
9-Z, Contractor
Append ix A - Glossary
Vol. ?. B.e:en.rQh
fart I - M{:tgllurgicd r~.borgtory

(l cover)

S~stion

l - Introduction
1-1, -Objectives
1-2, Scope

l-3, Authori za.tion;,

' J...;.4, Ba~ ic Nuclear Concepts
1-5. I'ua,rly Nuclear REHc:ea.rch
1-6, lfa.rly Pl u.ton 4 iJlll 1fosearch

Section 2 - Oper a tir.ig Arrangements

2-1, Arrangements wt th OE:RD

2-2, Contra ctual Arn:.ngeiJents with the University of

Chicueo

2-3, Provision of 11~se.!'lrch Pa.c:tH ties

2-4. Constr1Lction of :tfav '.i:'acili ties
2-5. ?rooure m~nt oi' l-iR.tericls

Section
3-1.
3-2,
3-3,
3-4,
3-5,

r~

- Development of Piles

'.l1ypes of Pile
l!'i r st Chnin-Ih<ac tir.e; System
Pilee Considered f or Plutonium Production
.A!'gonne i'orp srirn antsl Piles
el er. ti on Gf Ora.phi te. Water-Cool nJ. P~oduction Pile

Section 1 - r roblems in Pile Design

4-l,. Introduction
~-2.

Certa in Dee ign Problems

4-3. Tube Corrosion f.:r;d Film :E'or1M-t1on

4-4, Co1> Uri.cs .: md C1"r.n 1n.~

4-5, Me tallurgy

()

4-6,

J~se.>ociat.ed Equ.ipme~t

SJil

p;;;)"

\~

(Book IV .. Vol.

z.

I Gil JRL.itTlON

l'u.rt I, Oontd)

s e ction 5 - Pile Opero.ti,tlg Problems

5-1, Generf!.l

5-a.

Effect of Radiati6n on Solids (Wigner EffCt)

5-4,

Detection of Sl.ug Swelling and Can Ftllu.re

5-3, Xenon Po1soning

6 - Develo;mnent of .Pluto.nium Separation Process

b-1, Bakground Research
6-2, Gene:r-al Problems
6-3, Processes Considered
6-1', Selection of Proceu

Section

Section 1 - Or.gani ia tion and. Personnel

7-1, Metallurgical Le.b oratory
7-2. Ohicego Area Ot.f'ice

1-).

Ackn.o~ledgment$

Appe~dix

A - MQ.ps

P~d.

Photographs

B - Cha.rts e.ud

Tabulations

C - Jleferenees
D - Docwnentery Forma

en os 1:H~.r~

:m -

Ps~t

II - Clinton Labore.tortes (2 covers)

Section l -

Int:rod~etj.on

1-1, Objectivee
1-~.

Scope

1-o 3. Authorization
1-4~ Lo.c ation

Section 2 - Design and

Oonstru.ct1o~

General

Negotiation of Contra.et

Contractual Arrangements
of Oonst~tion. Contrb.Ctor
Construction Delays

Emergency i.d.ditions
Cost
Fer:f.o~ce

section 3 - Operation of Clinton Laboratories

3-1, Selection of Operl.ting Contractor
3-2 1 (,lont.rfietut.\l Arrangements

3-3, P.erfoJ:'l'rtance of Contractor

3-~- . Contractual Chengeover

3-5, Cost of Operation

r.

~~_.:

Section 4 - rroduction of Plutonium

4=1. Generul
4-2 1 Description of Pile

SEl'Ultl 1 . Eh 6.1{1Jil'..TION

(Book IV, Vol 2. Part tI, Section 4 , Cont'd)

4-3, Pile Start-Up
4-4, Increne e of Oper e.ting Level
4-5, Int errup tions of Operation
4-6, Comp letion of Wox-k
Sc,C"tion fa .. Development of a Sepe.ration l?roeese
5-1. (}e:nernl

5-2 .. Deecription of Facilities

5-3. Proce s s Dev:elopmant
~5-4, Ji'inal Tes ts :md E.e.comrnend8.ti ons

5-5, Development of Isob.tion Process

~6,

Ure.nium Waites

5-7, Oom1iletion of ~ork

5-f{t Dovelopruent of Al ternr: ;.te Process
5-9, Ch~!lrical Studies of ll'isdon Product$ and Heavy Elements

5-lC,

P.ad~oieotopes

Sec:tioh 6 - Design Rnd Operating Problems

6-1, General

6-2, Detection of Slug Swelling end Oan Failure

6-~ 1

Pile Poisoning

6-4, Tasting of Proposei Shield

6-G, TeE1ting of

M..~teritls

for Use in ilaxtford Piles

,,_

'~ /t-

Section-1. - 'l:rt< inin.g nf Personnel

1-1, Generf::.l
7-2, ]'::>.ctli ti es
7-3, Pereonr..el Trained
7-4, Di 5J) Ol!fal o:f :B:ttuipment
Section 8 - Or{;F.ni z ~.-::.ion r:nd Personnel
S...l, Ded6It rend Con!Otruot!.on
8-2, Opera tion
B-~.

Cor~s

of Eng ineers

App rmdi:x ;\ - H;;ps, Drnwi;nss. Photoe;:r.,,,phs rtnd Descriptions

Ii - Ohr..rta F:ncl Tabula.tio:os
0 - Rcf e r ~nr.ee
n - Glor;. sary
ZQ,n S1~cret_. f.:nperplt.7 ( sep.r:i.r a te cover)
Vol, 3, De!"ie;n

(?. co"'e rs)

Section l - Ir.t rod.u ot1on.

1-1, Objectives

1-2, Sco-p e
l-3, Autb.o:rhe.tion
1-4, Sta.te~~.nt of the Problelli

REST~ DATA
A.TOMI"'

Y ACf lM8

SE

(B(,ok

r.v,

Vol. 3, Se~tion 1. Cont'd)

1-fi, TJedgn Cons ider ation s

Section 2 - Site Ori terie. end. Selection

2-i. G-eneral
2-2,

<.lrit~ria:

2-3, Prel i.rnii'mry I nvee.tigatiotJ.s

2-4, Field Study

2-5. Site Selection
~ecU<m ~3

- A lirie:f ne:sc rip t'lon of the Operding .f'lant

3-l, Plant k -.y out

3-2.; Met:tl i'e.brict!.titiil and Testi~ (300) Aree.
~3. File (100) Arc~s
~4, Sepe.ri:<.tion (200) Aress

SecUqn 4 - r-tet al :Wabrlc;.;.tion. c.ri.d. Teetin,g 1'.; ::-oa

4-l,.. Me t a l Ftl.bric:a tior~ 'Uld '.?er: ting (::mo) J.rea
Sect~2n fi -

Pile Area
5-l.1 General
5-2. Hajor Dedl~ti P roblems

5-o, Meri ts o'f Different ~:ypes of Cooling

5-4 , Sourcer; of Oper8.tine; -Trouble
6-5; E3.r13 Oondner;:- tions
6-6, !~sign Al te r~<;,tP. s :~ nd. Decisions
fi-1 ,. Pile Deeign ?roblem.e ?.nd Solutions
S-8, CooH ng S;\~ stem Design Problems e.ncl Solution~
5-~~ Pile (100) Are!i.S (11"in~l Degign)
5-10, Pile Un.ih ( Final Dedgr1)
5-11. 1\'n ter Syst~m 0 ina.l Dedgn)
5-121 Helium Sy.stem 0 1in::l :Oedgn)
1

6-1~ SteR.m Generation (Jtirml Design)

5-14, Ventilation ( Final iJeF.ign)

Sactiq;s 6 - Separ&tion .A.reH

6-1, General
6-~, ~oseiole $epar~tion Proce!Beg
6 ... 3,. 14.~rly llistocy
6-4; S,f31e<'ltio.n of Sep a ration Process
6-5 ~in&l Seynr l!i.tion Areo Doei&'n

Section 7 - 'Service :E'a cil1 ties

7-1, General
7-~.

7-3~
'?!f'.~t'c ,

?ower. 'l'ransmisdon and Dletribution

Coi:ununic11.tion.s
Roads and. fu-.ilrof;..d s

Sect.ion 13 - Bichl.ancl VillGf;e

8-1, Generr.l

HI I I 111 bl&lirtoN

@J
\[.,:

A511ii1 DI s

.:;
t

BN

(Book IV, Vol. 3, Section 8, Cont'd)

$-2, Sit.e
8-6, iiew R:lchlen.G. Villege

Sectton 9 - Oosts
9-1. Cost ?f Desin
9-2, Co .s t Ts.h ulati.on
Secion iQ ~ Orgtuiization ~..nd PerEonnel
10-1 t Gennr el
10-2 Wilmine,ton Are~ Of fice
10-;5, Ohic<:.go Area Office

10-4; Gontrector' ~ Orge.nismtion

@pendices ( s~p P.r~ t e co~m:)
...App.an.Ai~ .A - .aps Nnd Die.gr.a ms
" 13 - Oh.fart r, -rnl. 1-sbttle.t1 on s
0 - Rt1f crenc0s
D - Ul o ~ i;F r-;.r

~~cti~~

l - Seiection of Site

i-l~ - ~o:e:o

1~2.

Ghoiee of Site

1-3.

A.uthor1z ~ t1on

for Acquisition

SeetiAu 2 - De~cr'iption of Site

2-l, Si~e
2-B,
2-3.
2-4
2-5.

Location
TopoJ"ap-hy. Clir:i&.te, Soil
Popula tion
Ut1li~e.t1on of t h o Lr-ind.

2-6. Irrige.tion

District~

2-7 , .C;rop s.
2-6. '.l'rp..nspnrtn.tion l '.'.' ciH.tiee
trt!.li~ies

2-9.
2-10.

~fillme-nt

of Heq".rlre:m<iints

3-1, Chi.s Eific<.t1.on

by 'J.'y~ e of P.reviou.s Ut:l.1 i s:: ;;.tion

Type of Control
Cla
sdficetion
0:1
Z.?..
by
1'
y pe of P tfw iou~ Own.erehip
Classified.ion
3-3.

f'.lction
4:-l.,
4-2,
4-'3,

, ......... ,.-i... ._.- ._,,.

4 - .Aequi td. Hon Operr:1-t1ons

History
App:t-.e.i !C'e .l !=!
:Nego tie..tton~

.-- -~r -~:-- ..... ~--..-- - ;:~-..---

~ --- ....... -:-- . .--

,...---r~-~-~~--.

..--;"--..

--:_,.-...-,...--..--::~---...

..., .

.,.-~......,.

..

-------~---~

SE@tllHJiY. flit 6illl

W ON

.
.
~.J

4- 4 , Probl.ems i:.ltd :Diff' icul tie~

4-5, Resp on eib ili t ie s n.nd li.el a tionship s of \for Department

a nd Depc-.r t Men t o:f Jus tice

ecUon...,li - hogl~es:;; of .Acquisl tion
5-i. Acquisition in Fee
5-3 t r,e a sil)G
&-:3, Reittriction e.greemrr. tt; a!.ui J.Jc:rman ent
ectton 6 ... Lt!:z.S.e s., Restrict.ion

~reru:;er:_te

~ smnents

11.n d. Pc rm<.?.nent F'..aseme.nts

6-i leai:er,
6-2. Rez t :riction AgrE.emente
6-:.3, .P.e rmanent lic.ae.ruente

Section B
) .

Aceomp 11 sh.Itn..'l t

i,;.

( ~ep~r,~ t e e~v{! ;r)

Appene.1:x: A ... M:;:.:ps

Appendices

B - Progrese GrP.ph s
0 ,... Iioc.umenh
D .. ?hotogrtaph ~
E - tfof erence s

SP.ction 1 - Int:rod.u.c t ion

1-1; .ObJe ctiVS
1-2 . Scoptl

1-z.

AuthorizBtion

l-4, Oonst:r-.wtion Gontri:...ctor ai-i.d l!i.Uthoriza tions

l-5, General De;:;c :dp tior..
1-6,. Sip eci a.1 Ocu d den tion s
Section
2-1,
2-2,
2-3,
2-4,
2-5.
2-6,
;J-7.
2-8 t

'?. - Constructioi;. F lannin;g

Ge.ne:r;..W.
$ite De vf:lo_;)men t
ConstT"J.ction Mf! t 6riale
$:pP.ci f'.1 ty \:fo rk
1
iransporte. tion :r~~cil1 ties
P:roqesi5 .Arf. 1'!. !{eq_uirernent s
Hichl&.nd Vill ~e
1
.rampora.r.r Rousing

Section 3 - Procurei!Jent of
3-1, General
;~2.

&eographicel

~li:q,uipro P-nt

Md. Materip.l ~

~a~tor i~ ~ rocurernent

B.26

)'!"...,. ... ~~-......,.._""?"~''<"~:~~:'~

...-.-~.-~--f"i:r-~.~~;-.,.~~~~-..,,~~,.,,_.-

..

. .. ---r.,----

~--~-~-l"'~~~-=--.~

....

TTTT

L.i 3id.IJ21Gt~

(Book IV Vol. 5. Sectitm 3. Cont'd)

3-3.

i?rocur~ment Op~re.tionG

3-4, implements of' Purchase

3-5, Procurement Et-pedie~ts

3-6, lntpection
)-7, Construction .E quJpment
3-B. Property C-ontrol

Seeti6n

4=1,

4 - Construction Labor
cteneral,.

~2, Labor ,rocurement

~1-3, Labor Relu.U.ons $Ild Utili'zation

4-4, Emplo1ee
Section 5 -

Relation~

~e$por~y

Constru.cticn

5-l, General
52~

llanford. Cwn,p

5-3, Aux1lta.r1 Construction OtwI.P

5-4, Cons\ri.i.ction Plant
5-5. T-empora.J;7 V~tlities al)d $ervioe~
5'+6, Off-Areo. Hotelt: lioI'!l'.i torv, end Roomi!l6 Fae1li U.es

5-7, Rehe.btlt te.tion of .Plant Site 1'ract

Houses

5-S, Miseellan.eoue ~empore.ry Clmsiruetion

5-9, .EW...nord Airport

section 6 - Oon.stru.cuo~ ot the Ope.r ating Flti.nt

6.1, General

6-2 1 Metal J-abrS.cat1011 end. 'l'est1ng (300) J.ree,

6-3, Pile (10-0) Areas
6-4. Sepa.x-a tien ( 200) Are&$;

Section .7 .... Oonstruct;.en of se:rvice Ff.l.c1l1t1~a

7-1, General
7-2 1 ~ower Transmi$s1on s.nd Distribution

7-3, Communications
7-4, l\oeds and Railroads

Gect1on g - Oonet~uction of PJ.cbland. Village

8-1, Genet"e.l
8-2, Richland Village
S-3. Adm~nistration Area

Section' 9 - ~a.naporta.tion
9-l , General
9-2, :::X.1sting Facilities

9-3, aa.J.lroads

-.,\
. ,,

9-4, Water ~T&nGportation

9-5, Air ~ransportation
9-6, A.~a 4tua Serv~ce
9-7, Off-Area ~us Service

~ -

.,..........,..._i.--:: ...,.. .......-:--.- --;.

~--

-;--7"':-';7-....-.

~r .---:-

-.

--~,-:-,...

. . '.- _,_,..

(Book IV. Vol.

5, Ocmt 1 d.)

:r

Pl .

:
'

. .

'

1,; .

'

Sect.i on 10 - Sa fety
10-1, General
10-2 Operation

10-3,
10-4,
l0-5,
10-6
10-7,

Orga.n1,iation
Education and Promotion
Safety Equipment
Safety Co~sideration for Women
.Results

Section 11 - Coste
11-1. General
11-2, Accounting Methods

11-3, Goat Summary

Section 12 - Orgt:l.nhr..tion and Personnel
l~l, General.
l.2-2, Area. Engineer'e Org8.;litat1o.n

l23, Prime Cc:mtr.a ctore Organimation

12-4, :Ooordinnt~on
1~5, Acknowledgments

~ - ..:

..

_'-~;;

Appendices (2 eep~rat~ covers)

Appendix A - Na.ps. Dr~w1ngs, .Pho~ogra:phs end Descriptions
E ~ T.a.bulations and Ch.arts
0 - RefeJ."ences
D - Documenta.17 Fo:rtn!il

E - Glossal""/

Vol. 6, gperation

(4 eove;roe)

SeeUon l - Intt-od.u.ct!on
l-1, O'b.jeotl'lres
1-2, Scope

1-3,

A.uthori~ation

1-4,. J!Jlem.en.tary Facts of Plant .Procese:es

Section 2 D~script1Qn cf Ple..nt Opere.tions and Fa.clli ties
2-t. Oenel"al
~z.
2-~

2-4:

Metal fabrication 11nd. 'Testine (JOO) Area

Pile (100) Areas

Separa.t1on (200) Areas

Section ~ - Specifications for Final r~oduct

!("- .,

\t_"'_,'

3-1, Contract Requirements

Tentative Specifications
;First Specification ConferencE:
Second Specifice.tion Conference.
Reduction in Ji!nrichment

3-2,
3-3,
3-4,
3...5.

;....; ;

cliiif tf'!i!!!lq i !lld!S'R8

. --

'"

(Book lV, Vol. 6, Section 3, Cont'd)

:Z-5, T.Hrd
Sect-\on 4 -

~-p ecf.fic f\ tion

(.)perr~ ting

Conference

Problems and Developments

~ ..:.1, Gen~re.l

4--2, Crmn.1.ng of Met&.llic Uranium Sll7S

4-3, }'or.na tion of Xenon-1:.$
4- 4: , J:l'ilm. Ji'crma.tion and Corrosion
4-5. Gr<-: phi te in the Pile
1-6, G!.' sl:et ~cyl .e c:ement 1n Separation Plants
~~-7, 100-13 Pile
~-B, f,ep8.r&tion Plant fiQ.h.edul.es
4-9, ~e.p!:~tion Plt".nt Waste StQr&ge li'a cllitiei:s
~roduction

4-10,

Content of Irradiated Metal

4-11, .B~. i.steI'i=;d Slng~

4-1?., Urnn!um Meti:i.l Scrap Delivery
{.-l.3, Et~f.i.C t iir!ty of Uranium Metal

4-14, Redox Solvent Extra.otlon .Process

~ra.llsfer for
~1her.mocouple

4-15,
J.l--16.

DP Site Operations
Slugs

4-17, SpeciP..1 6;:1mples

e~tion

5-1,

5 - Oper1?tions ltecord
St~rt-up

Procedures

5-2, Sit;nificnnt Developments

5-3,

~ roduction

and.

DeliTery of ?roQucto

~t~,on.-

.. Procmrement of Materi!.ls
6.-1, GE:ne r r.:.l
6-B, Procurem61lt of' ClA.sd:f.ied M.r:.tf2riel.s
6-3, Procurement ef l!lssentie.l. i<~n. teria.l.i;

.r;oU.on 7 - Pla.nt $8.f'ety

~1-1, General
7-Z, Oontr.a.ctor 1 ~ ~.t<.fety Organizt:.:.tion Li!!ld Du.ties
7-3. Ji17aJ th and Medim'l.l Oonsiderp,tionr;

ectton 8 -

8-1,

TranF.~ortation

Gen~rtl

8-2, Rpil TOl'i.ti. ~

13-:3, .Bu s e s
8-4, .P.ir Pe..trol
8-5. Water l-'1,trol
Se,ction 9 - Htchl.R!ld Vi 11.agf:!
9-1, Gener~,l

9-2.

Vill~~~ ~anng em ent

9-S, Ifonsine
9-4, l!"urni ture

()

9-5,

Doroitori~s

.. - . ' :.l.(!)!\

r.

...

~,.e.,-,~~~~~'~....-.~~~--.~i:r-~.J:-:::"::-;"~~1~11X~ ;-~7'f;~~~~t

.-~~~~~~~~>~~~-:.:~.::7.~r:.:.

04562d!I BJ'rl&AttON

(llook lY, Vol. 6, ~ection 9. Oontct)

9-6, Housing nenta.ls

9-7, Service s
S'.9tl, Ifouaing

Ma intcru;.noe ~<

9-9, Oommercir-J. !l'acili ti-f.;s

9-11, (~-lo oo.i t ted.), Co rJr.im11 ty Orge.niza.tions
9-U:, ltecre ~ tion:tl 1"twil1 ties
~ctiQU

10 - lle&l Eeta te

l 0-1 , 'General
l 0-.2 :P.ocd. Condenu15> ti on.

10-Z, LenQ Actions

Proj e ~t
W~..rtima Lea $ 6hold~

lo-4 Colr.:mi"oi n Da.sin

10-S

10-6 llichlru:ui Oeinete.cy. 10-7, l''ed.vrGl Pdso:o. Ir.d:u.stri. e s

Seetion lJ. - Intellig ence .?lld Security

11-1, Gensra.l
11-2, Liai aon 'i:ii t .h. Pri me Oon t r a oto!' Security
11-B, Lia!, son With Ou.tddc Aeencies
Sfi!f.~gw..rdi.:ri.e

11-4,
l.1-5,

Inli t 8 !7 Inf orrn.r:tion

C.learn.nc c

P~re-on."'l.el

11-6, Inveetlgfi tions

@h

ll-~/ l?.byzioal .SecuI'i t y

118 Shipnw nt $.~ curity

11-9, Security
11-lO ~

Su_'l"V6YS

!l r a.ini:ng

jP.Ctfon l;?. - Communications

12~1, 11ele:pho.nee
1

l:J-..2., feleg:rr.:;. hk

l:J..3, Oonversio:a o:f

Tele p.hon~ Sys t e m

Section 1.3 - Public .F.;l'ld Li;.bor Rele. tion s

t!ai:t t - Public Rele..tions
13-1, G~neral
13-Z, li'unotioru.;.l Cb.<1.nees
c..-.-,i:'1;~-:; . New .Po11cy
~at:t..Jl: - Labor ReiP..tions

'

1~4,

11-eneral

Saotiou lL - '. ?ropsrty !<.ccount r;Mli.t.y ~.:ncl D1.i::r.or;a l

14-l, General
14-2, nu.ties P-.lld ResponeUil i t"i. e s
14~3,

Il&ndling of

Jfutce ~ ~es

14-4, Audit of Hecordt1

14-5, ReorgS'tniza.tio :n.
14-6, Hanford Demoli tioLt

~-ection

::;;~L!lll!flll!!IS"!ll!l!lli!lfi. ._telLMT I ON

(Book IV, Vol. 6, Section 14, Cont'd)

14-7, OhA.nge of Qontractor
14,-8, Trail Project
Sectionl5 - Demolition of. &.nford Camp
l~l~ General

15-2.. Progre~ s
l.5-5, Per~onnel
15-4, Main Sal va&e Items
15-5, Injuri.es

15-6. Equipment
15-7. Government Salvage Activities

Section 16

1~1,
1~2.

Leg~l A~pects

Ohe.tlgeover

of the Management and Contractual

Gene!'al
Insurance and Compensation

16-3, !.Xec.t1ve Order No. 9816

16-4 Establishment of lienf'o:rd Military Aree.
16-5, Litigation
~eeUon

l:Z - Qog ta

17-1, 'eneral.
17-2, Oost TabUlation
17-.~.

Oost Gre.ph

17-4, Ihsttre.nce
Section 1.8 - Orgs.nize.tion and Personnel
18-l, Gene;ral
18-~. Area Engineer s Orga.nication
1$-3, Contractor's {du Pont) Or~1zat1on
16-4, Oontr~ctor' s (Gent?rel Electric) Organization

18-5, Acknowleqgments

App~dicee (2 separate covers)

App end.ix A - Maps .. Dre.wings. Photographs end Descriptions

D - Chs.rte a.nd ~abuletione
O - :lief erenees
D - Supp lP...menta.ry Information
E - Glossary
'f9p ecret Appap,db: (!ape.rate cover)

f?OOK V, :E.LJfO'l'JiOMAGlIBTIO (Y-1?) PRQJEQT

Vol. l. Generrat
;!;!ction 1 -

~~ ~ tures

(l cover)

Introd~tion

B.31

f(i.,',;u~
. .." -.
. . .

' '

~r~~~ ' '. 1\ ;~ . . r c;~--l;,, .-.

A LL

PU bi&ATION

(Book V, Vol. 1, Section l. Cont'd)

1-1, Purpose
1-2, l\ela.tionship with the Goal of the l<W..nhe.tta.n Di strict
l-3. Scope

1-4. AuthQri~ation
1-5, Administra tion
Section 2 - Development of the ProJeot
2-1, tni t1nl MR.nha.t tan Di Etrict Work

2-2, Research
2-3, Design

2-4, Construction
Opera.tions

~5,

Section B - De e.eription of Pl{Ult

3-1, Description of the Site

3-2, Security Program

3-3, Sum.rrtnr;y of Costs
3-4,

11 Mtr:nhttttan

Dietrict

I>~oject

Cost SWillll!?.ey"

Segtion 4 - Orge.n1znt1on ~.nd l'ersonnel

4-1, Genere.l Organization

4-2, Xey Personnel

App end.ix A - Charts.
I! ... Phc;> to graphs
O - Gloua.l"Y
Vol. 2. Resea,rs;h
peo~ion

l-1,
1-2,
l-3,
1-4,

(l cover)

l - Introduction
Purpose

Seope
Authorization
fh.e Electromagnetic Method of Isotope Separation

l-5 Historical Ba,c kground

Secti~n

2 - Operating Arrangements

~l. Coordina tion of t:xigting Programs

a-2,
2-3,
2-4,
2-5,
2-6,

University Q! Ca.Uf o rni a Con trs ct

Tenneuee Eastman Corpora tion Contra.ct
Brown University Contract
Johns Hopk1ns Un1verr;d.ty end Ji>u.rdue Univerdty Contra.ch

:Ea~tman Kod&.k Rochester LaborAtory

2-7, Facilities at the Univer~ity of Oalifornia

2-8, Facilitie s

~t

Other Sites

2-9. Oosts of Research

.
2-10, Precautions for Security
2-ll, Safety

~ .-:-:~ .... ~-~""':..'"'"'"'!'l';".'~~.... -~!'?T'~~~m

""!.,._~..,,~~~!?"'".!:~~

!.,...*r

.~4..!.:-.;..:l,.J:~

SECliflIIPY -- I 2

(:aooi\: V Vol. 2, Cont'd)

Sec.tie:n 3 - Phyc1cttl Research

3-t, General nescd.ption and Hi~tory
3-2. lf~a.gne t ~d ZarJ: Y.l.qu.1.ptnen t

Section

4 - Chemioel Reset.U'Ch

. 4=1 9 . General Descri;ption mid. Rh tory

4-2 J?repa~~tlon. of Charg-a Material
4-3, Recovery of Ure.nium S~l,.ts from l-iasiz . Spcetrogaph After a. Run,

4-4,

Rec:ov~ry of Ul"~ium fx<o'tn Solution!?

U~an:f.wn froru ~Qltds

4-5, Ree()Ver,r of

4-6~ .:&eeovecy 1md Prepara:ticn of F.i.lli>.l. .Pre.dun t

~.lyttoal end A$sfoy Research
14-S,. Qon~ersS.Qn of .Enriched F(i.ed )itl.te:d.tl

4- 7,

4-9, M$d1cal Bs-sear.ch end Std'et;r

liazatd Probl'.t'm11

Section ,5 - Org~iation .tmd. Perf;ofille.l

frl.. l)i.etrict

5-2,

Ui'J,v~~sit1 0 Ciil.1fo~ni e
5-;J~ !11ennes~ee ll!a.rf tman Corporation

5-4, Other Locations

,_,,

Acknowledgm.~nta

.Append.!.% A - Photogx-apho

a-

D1~fru:ls

and Charh

G .., Do CUJ)len ts
D - .Re:fe.r .enoe.s
)! - G-lOSBa.17

Vol. ).

~est.a

(1.

cove:')

Section l - -0-ene~sl
1ueyose
Sc.ope
Autho1'! zation
~arly lii~tor;s.

ot Project

Self;?ct!on o:t Atchi te~t-1:.'I>g-5.neer

Original Stone &nd u~bst~r Qontraet

Sewa.e~ Contrc.c:t No~ \1-14-toS-eng-49
Oontra..Qt No. W-14-tos-eng-60
Selection of Pl.ant St te
Section 2 - $esod.pt1Qn of Electr<>ma.enetic Plant

2-1. Gene:ra.i.
2-2, ~asic nesi~n
2-3, Alpha h'eparr..tion Uni ts
2-4, fJ.pha Sepera t1on

E.

.- ....'

2-5, Bete. P~epera.tipn

2-6 1 ~etE:t S~p:::.ra:ticm

Ol'l

aeu 1r1ocrrr1t:ht'?.P

-1:rr. ~
,. :
~u: m

;.1.A!LLl

BALUiili .. mi

(Book V, Vol. 3, Section 2, Oont 1.d)

2-7, J~u:dlh,ry Fa.o ili ties

2-8. Process Development Fe.eili ties
Z.-9, Service li'ac1H ties
2-10, Utill ties

Section ~ - Design ProgrP..tn

3-1, Major :Oevelop?Qen te
3-2, rroceae Design
3-3, Ohernical Dedgn
3-4, Labor
3-5, s~fety
3-6 Securl ty

3-7, Cost of the Design Work

3-8, Generel Ple.nt Cost
Section

4 -

Prooureme..nt of EqUipment

4-l.; General

4-2, Process Power Supply Equipment

4-3, Magnet Coils
4-4, Process ~int
4-5, Va.cu'lllll Ye.lves
4-6, Door Jtandling Equ.i,pment

4-7, Ohemioal
4-8,

VRCUUI?\

Proces~

Equipment

Tu.be$

4-9, Diffusion l>umpe

4-10, Prooe.ss Ca.bl~
4-11, Speeie.l J.laterials
4-12, Oost of J!Jquipment

Section 5 - Organization and Personnel

5-1, (leneral
5-2 M.<t nhatta.n District Organi~e..tion nnd :Pereonnel

&-3, Stone P-Ild Webster Engineering Ool"Pora.tion O;r:gsnhation

a.n<l Personnel

Appendix A - Documents
ll - Ref'erences
0 - Photographs
D - Maps and Oharts
E - Gloesa ry of 'l'echnical :iie:rme

Vol. 4 . Silver Progrgm

. I

(l cover)

.Section l - .I ntroduction
l-1. Purpose

@.
.:

1-2, Scope
l-3, A~thorizat1on
1-4, Cost
1-5, t'uture Considerations
13 .34

r:

r""; --

f'i rh t i
~;.li!t\k) i. t t,: \

Sill-----llf!i(}N

(Book V, Vol. 4, Oont 1 d)

Segtion
2-1,
2-2,
2-3,
2-4,

2 - Procurement
Work
Definition of Progrems
.Agreements with the Treasury Department
Withdrawals
~reliminary

2-5, '.l'ransportation to Oaeting Plsnt

pection ~ - Fabrica tion
3-1, General
3-2, Proaese Consultant

3-3, Selection~f Billet Cas ting Contra ctors

3-4, Contra ctual .Arrangements
3-5, G~u;t1ng Operations
3-6, !frani:port to .Extrusion

~la.nt

3-7, $election of Contractor for Fabricatilig Strips

3-8, Oontract Arrangements for Strip
3-9, Strip Forming Operation
3-10, ~ransportation from ;Extrusion Pl~..nt
3-11 1 Selection o! Contraotor f'or

M~net

Coil Fabrication

3-1.2, Oontractis with Allie Chalmers Mi>..:llufaoturtng Co.

3-13-. Fa.brlcation of Magnet Coils
3-14, f-'rensportation to Clinton Engineer Works
~15-,'' ''Oo ntre.ct for Bua~ar ! 'abriea Uon
3-16, Fabrication of Busbar
Section 4 - Returns to the TreasU17

4-1, General
4-B. Eng~ement of Metallurgied Consultant
4-3, Scrap Collection
4-4. Oonvert1%1 Scrap to Bullion Bars

4-5, 'l'renefer of Metal to U.

s.

freasury

5 - Security Measures
General Security Policies
Sa.!eguardit>g Information
Clearance of Personnel
G'Ua.rd
5-5, Inspections

Section
5-1,
5-2,
5-3,
5-4,

Section 6 - Accounting for Metal

6-1, General
6-2, Accounting Syetem
6-3 1 Audit
6-4, Review of Accounts

. '1

--....

Section 7 - Orgnnization and Personnel

7-1, General Description
7-E, I?er~onnel
7-3, Consul tante

------TION
l:look

V, Vol. 4, Section 7, Cont'd)

7-4, Other Agencies
Appendix A - O~~rts
~

- l)oqumemts

C - Photographs

D - BeferencM
(l c pv-er )

Vol. 5, Oonstruction

:~

l, . :'.

Section l - General
l-1 ~ Purpoee
1-2~

l-3~
1-4~

Scope
Authoriiatioh
Admtntetra tion

l-5,' General Descrip tion

1-s . Relntionehip with the Clinton

l'fue~neex- ~forks

Seot!on\ B - - Contre.c tuai Arranceme:nt$

2-1, Seleoti.on of the A-E-M Contractor

~2, Stone and. webeter ~ineertng Corporation Contracts

2-3.

Q~er;unent

O.o nttoots

2-4., Stone and Webeter Subcontra ch

:?.-5, Cos~ Qf Electro~~gnet1c Plant

ection
3-i,

3 - CQnet:ructton Progrrun

Mobt,11~~t1on

Z-2, aluild.illg -Schedule

S.-3, Initial Construction
3-4;, Foun.d .stion Problems
3-5, 'i'he Developlnent Plant
3-6, fhe Alpha I Plnn t
3-7, !'he Original Beta Process :Building
~s..

Original Chemie.try Buildings

3-:9, Ad.m1n1Eitr&tion &nd -S ervice Buildings
3-10. r-12 . Extension

3-11, Bew Alpha

Oonst~tion

3-H! fhe ..Second l!eta Process Buildillg

.3-13, Chemical Facilities With the Exbension

3-14, Construction of the 9207 Grou;>
3-15, '.!:he fhird :B e t a Process :BuUdi~
3-16, i'he Fourth Beta ~rocess ~uilding
3-17, Construction StatU!! l July 1945
3-le. Ut111t1ee

3-19, Roads
3-20, Rs.1lroads

3-21, Fences r..ll.d Guard. Towe. rs

.3-22, Work .Perfol;"med Under Service Contra ct
3-23, Temporary Facilities

'A.
C:>l'

r- -----

-~

-,-.-,..,.---,.,.. _,- -""'

--~,

... -- ......,_

..

----~-~.,..--.,.-- --- ---:-~~:~-- ---.-

--""C':'" ---:--r--;"'7---:-

__,,______..., ..
. -.-.

~- ~ -~-:-~---;- ,--.----"r-~__,,....-,---:--'C'"",..,'7"'

,,-~..

Q8feri8-EriTWhhs'RD
(:Book V, Vol, 5, Cont'd)
SP.ction 4 - M:;o,terials of Construction
4-1, ~rocurement
4-2, Exped.i tillg
4-?i 1 Receipt e.nd Dhtribution
4-4, Dhpasal of Scrap

4-5, Oonstruction Stathtios

Section 5 - Labor li.elations. Se.:fety end Securit

5-l, Labor llecru.1. tment end Indus trial Rele.thnt;
5-2 1 Sefet,1

5-3, SeclU'ity
Section 6 - Org~.nization and Personnel
6-l, V..e.nhattan District
6-2, Stone &.nd Webster Jilng1neer1ng Go~oratton
6-3, Aoknowled.grment of Assistance
.
AppenQiX A - Doeumente
.

lleferencc~

C - Photographs
D - Map e and Oba.rt r;

VQl, 6, Operation

(2 covers)

Section 1 - lntrod.uct1on

1-1, Purpos~
1-2, Soope
1-3, Authorization

1-4, Administration
Section 2 - Oontrs.ctua.1 Arrang~mente
B-1, Selection of Contra ctor
~2, Provisions of Contract
2-3, Contract Mod.ifics.Uons

3 - Mobilia.tion
3-l; General

Se~tion

3-2, Firet Activity

3-3. Training at l3erkeley, Oalifornia.
3-4, Preliminaey Cih.eroioal Work

3-5, Doston Office

3-6, .Ri:icru!, ting Pe.rsQnnel

3-7,

~raining

Personnel

3-8, Operation of the Alpha Development Unite

3-9, 1-r.Jl~i'"rtnaey Che1:1i etry Operations
3-10,

3-ll,

O[!~t<., .tlon of
Procure~ent

the lleta. Development Uni ts

Section 4 - Ple.nt Operation

(Book V V'o l. 6, Section 4, Cont 1 d)

4.-1. General
4-2; Material l!'low

4-3, First Plant Operation

4-4, Firat F..F"cet:te.ck Operati.on
4-5, Forecast of K-25 Feed to Alpha
4-6, .Prelbtinary :Beta ONation
4-7 .Be.ta Chem is tcy Cycle
4-8, .Beta. Operation on Enriched Alpha Product
4-9., Beta, Produ.et Ee c:over y
4-10, Oper~Uon of .Alpha i1r A.Qk 5
4-11, ()p6.ratton of Bete Tracks l
4-1~,

4-l3t
4-14.
4-15.
4-16
4-171

~nd

Alph.e. !I Op~ration in 1944

Bete. Tr a ck Operation thrQu,gh Dc:: :o::1b e?: 1944
Ste.rt of Stee.d y S-50 Feea to Alpha
B.eta Opere.tione .J,..nu.e.cy 1ltX'Qll,h Hareh 1945
~ut:u.re Beta Facil1 ties
.Alpha Tracks on ~~ee d. Feed

4-16, O.o ntinued Be~a Ope ra t1ons on Alpha .Prod:1tct

4-l.S, K-25 - 7'% Fee~ to lfota.
4-~0. X-25 - lt'.1% Ii'eed. to Beta.

4-:n, K-,25 .. 23% Feed. to Alpha

4-22, Shutdown of Alpha.
4..-.~3, \1Jle.voi.dable 'Shutdowns
4-f*, Wa.$ te Disposal
4-00, Control

i ')
~

4-26, Production Schedule

4-27, P:roductl.on Ooe;t

eeti-on 5 - ,flroeess Improvement

s~i. ne~ng" Y-1~

5-2-, Procesa Improve1nent Functions

5-3, Review of Work

5-4, Establiahment of P.I.

6-!3:, Initial Opera tions

5-6,

~ly

Work of Special Groups

6-?, S_tarting Alp:Pa.. U

6-3, liefinement of Plant Equipment

6-9, Speoiial :Research Groupe
Ses;tion 6 - Security

t;.:.1, General
S-.2, Military SeOUI'lty

6-3, GuaI'd Syeteru

6-4, Fire Protection
6-5,

~ergeney

l'lnn

SP.ction 7 - Auxiliar~r S1-,:rvices

7-l, Medical

7-2, 1.!mployee

S~fety

~r~

~ lrnl:
(Book

v.

Vol. 6, Section 7, Cont'd)

7-3, li'aciUties

Section 8 - Organization
8-l, l'-12 Operations Office
8-2, Clinton Iingineer WoTks - TEO

a..:;.

Aeknowledgfmenta

App endix J,, - Graphs, Cherts er.cl 'fabule.tiont

B - Documents
0 - l'hotog:raphs

D - .ILeferencei:;
:E - CHossary

Top Secret Annendix (separete cover)

1}00K

yr.

LIQUID THEEMAL D!F''FUSION (S-()Q) PROt1EOT

Cl

volume ., 2 covers)

Section 1 ... Introd:u.ction

l:..1, Purpose

l-2, Sccpe
l-3, Authorh:e.tion

1-4, Selection of Process

l-5, Summa.?" of Oot:.ts
See\! 0 n .2 ~-l,

.~.ese~rch ~nd D~elopment

Bade filheory

.2--2, Development of !heo<ry

2-3, Development Qf Ope~tiI!g ?rocee:s

2-4, DeE\eription of Process

Section 3 - Design a.IJd Construe tion

3--.l, Introd~tion
3--2, :Nevcl liesearch Laboratory Design
3-3. Site SelecttQn
3-4. H. K, lforg-.u;on Cor.:pP..ey Design
3-5, Process

~q,uiJJme:nt li~sign

3-6. Process $team $ysteru

3-7 . 0.ooling Water Sy$tern
;;..B, Construction Schedules
3-9. Procurement
3-10, Oon.struetion Chronoloa
3-11, Lr~.hor Procurement

3-12 Security
s~f ety
3-14, Su.11mn.ry of Det:ign n.nd Construc tion CoF.h

3-13,

Section 4 - Description df P.le.nt

,,~'')

~..,

4-l. .Buildings

13.39

ri

....

~~~--:;-~!?~ . . ~~~"fv.~:...~, ~!'l ...~:~~.1..-:".~,...,~?~.

..

__

-'"'"~~~~~.)...~"'=-
-...
~ +:": .:~""'.: ;t~~-~ ~~"'. ~::-:.:7~:;'.~I::":=:,., ~..:::...~

eei u7MS l!.rrrJAb'ns

(Book VI, Section 4, Oont' d)

------ON

.
.

4-2~ Process Equipment

4-3., lOOOp..1. Process Stee.m Equipment
4-44 . New .'BoUer :Pb.nt
~5, Poi:>U.nc, We..ter Fiqui,pment

4-6, Vater Tre ~ tment ? lnnt

4-'t, 'OtHt ties
Sectioil 5 - Operatione
5-1, Seleetion of OpeTation~ Gontrnctor
6-2, Tne li'ercleve Corpora.ti.on Gont:r.a.o t
5-3, Speci:t'ications of li'inal Product

.5-4, Ilietory of Operations

0-5, Method of Operation
5-6, Factors liemper1ng ()pere.tions
5-7. lndu$tr1al Relations
5-E.l , Sf)CW1 ty
5-9, Sh.u.tdown
6-10; Summary of Operati.ng Costs

Section 6 - Organization e.nd Personnel

6-1, lntroduction
6-2, Naval Personnel

G-3, Manh.atta.n Di~trict Personnel

6-4, Me.Jor OonEtruction Contractors
6-5, '.Ihe '.i'ercl~Te Corporation
Ap pend.ix A - Map s. CllP..rt$, ~a.wings anct Gr aphs
li - :Photogr;,tphe
C - List of Cont~ectors
D - Dpe'Wtlents
E - Tabulations
F - llibliograph,y of Scientific Pu.'bl.ieatione
G - l!'ile ReferenceE>
li ... Glossary of ~echnieP.1 tJ:,\erms
Top Secret Supplement { sepe.ra.te cover)

l3QoK

vu.

EE) t1A'I':i!YIAL&.

srECIAL

t=Roctr.J n~:r Al~n

GF.OG:iH.PH.r c,

.lf.Y~l-ORATimr

vol

1. E~ea Me.teriAlE Find Sr.?eeie.l Procu.remant

P11.rt A -

G-en~ral

(TOP SECRET,

ll' ~ ~ tur~s

's~ction

~ - Introduction
1-1, Objective

l-2, Scope
1-S, AuthorizP..tions

8Ch i 2 JlA!J~Tii'Je'rlD
... """" ..., .-- __ ___ ,___

---~

.........- - - .

--

1 cover)

SF

g-j'
~:

'

~-

2112 bid

(lfook V!I Vol. 1. Fe.rt A, Section 1 1 Cont'd)

1-4 . Occurrenci;:. Uses and. Properties of Uranium

1-5, Development of Program

1-6 PrortU.~ement
1-? P~w MA.terit.l PricF.la
l-8., Rafinin.; e nd 1frea tment

1-9, R~seareh end Development

l-10, Recovery Op~rations and

By-~roduete

l.-lA. 1 Uer:;ul t~

Fu.ture Considerations

1~12,

1-13, Oosts
Orgeni~ntion

1-14;

and.

P er~.onnel

Seet!on ? - . African Sourc~$

2-l, Operli.tions
a-2, Gont,raet Negot!atio~s
2-3,

11,'~.f\Y~.sport .f,_tion

of Ore 1'-'rom Af rice

2-4, Storage
2-f:i, Wt\ighing.
,Sl}gtion

~r,iplinr~

- Oa.ne.<Uru"'l

;:ind

Ase~17ll;

Source~

5-1, Operations
3-2, Oontre.et !:lesotia.tions
~eqt;ior>.

l, ;.. f:Jn flrican Sources

4-1, Opera tions

4-2., OontrHct !!ego ti.a Uon$
.~ct4

on - Ms.rket e.nd Ml scellanaous ?rocurement

6-1, Opera tions

5-2, Contract Iil egoti&tion~
f>-3, f.thce.llP..naou.i;

S=~ti.on

6 - Procurement cif Other l?Rdioactive Me.terials

6-1. Operations
6-2 . Contract Negottntioni,;

Seetionl l'l - Refining of Raw 0:.:-es to

1~1 r

~lack

O:xid.e

f.illd.

Soda Salt

Qpera ti<'>nf.!

Y-2, .liefin!rie by Eldora.do Mining ~nd Refiniz:ig

7-!;~ ' tt!'lfinine b~ Vitro t-".i.a.nufe..ctu,ring Comp&::;"

'7-r4 2 R~tin1ng by Linde Air I'roduots Company
7-.5, Concentr;;,tinr.; of fil:lericen Ores by U. s. Vs,.nad.ium
Corpor~tion

7-6, Ooncent:ra.ting of

>.J!l~ricen Ore~ by

Vanadium Corporation

of Ameri ce.

[ -

- - .. -

-.- -r -- -----

~~

SEi Jill llli'O!DUTION

(Book VII, Vol. 1 1 Part

Section

o.

Contd)

6 - Production of Brown

\J

Oxide and Orange Oxide

Operations
B-2, Jfallinokrodt :Brown Oxide ~ltmt
8-3- du Pont Brown Oxide Plant
8-4, Linde Brown Oxide Plant
(3...1~

8-5, du l><>nt Scrap :Heeovery Ple:nt

Section

... f!roduction of Gi:-een Sa lt e.nd Hexafluoride

9-1, Opera tions

9-2, J~linekrodt; Green Salt PlRnt
9-3, -i1 u. Pimt Green Sa lt Plant
9-4, lfarshE.w Gr.e en S?l t Ple.n t

S-5,
9-6
Section

J.~nue Green Salt Plant

H.~reh.~w Hexafluoride Plant

10 -

Production of

~etal

10-l, (T-,per~tions
10-2 , MBllinckrodt Metal Plant
10-3 El.ectrbfuete.llurgict.il Company Metal Ple.nt

10-'!, du Pont Metal. Plant

10-5, Iowa. _S~~te College f.ieteJ. .Plant

lC)-6, Met~..l Hydrides Metal Plant

l0-7, ilet;tiflghouse- Metal Plant
10-8, .Brush Labora tories MetP..l Plant

section 11 -

~horiurn

11-l, i1.hor.i l.llll Proeu.rem nt

ftction i2 - Quality Control

P_a rt I - Uram um
12-1, Operations

12-2, Univereity of ChieAeo

12-3, Princeton Uni. verei ty
12-4, t'..assachusette Ine::ti tu,te of l'echno1ogy
12-5, 'N61.tio~l lhl,reau of Ste.nda.rdJa
Pert II - ~h.orium
12-6_. Eational ilureau of Standards

12-7.
.ection

U~

Iowa ~ St~te

Oolleg e

- Acoou.ntabili ty

13-l, Program
Ap~ndix

.A
b
0
D

Glof:'sRry

Organization Cla!>.rts
ii'lo.., Di~re.ms
Graphs

tie:f erences
- Oontract lJata.
G - Special ll.hemica.le for X.-25
:iil

1~

('; :)

~r ~
~n t n

W TPJf TFF?Wrt'i?U
1

'Book VI!, Vol. l, Appendix, Oont 1 d)

Ii - Miscellaneous Me..terialt; for :P-9

! - Miscellaneous Materials for :X-lO

J - Procurement fo~ Site );"

K - Beryllium Procureroent

Seotion 1 - General
1-lt ltstablishtnent of !-fl.trrny liill Area

l-2, lllstablhhment of i/n.ion M.ine s Development Corp.

l-3, Desc r iption of ~roject
1-4, Bi bUographic Sen.rep
l-5, Ji'.ield. Explo l'ation Division
l-6 . Exploration !le sea rch. Di vision

l-7,

~etallu.rgiQal l:k>~ earch

Divigion

l-8i G1:1neral 5ttrama.r;v of Worldwi cle Uranium and fuo~iwn

Reeourc(;S

1-9, App r a isa l of 1lea ul ~s . of Jtield. lleoonnsiiance Md

.Exploration

Section Pr - AcqW.$1 ti on of Land

2-l. Oontre.ctu.'9J, )fea tures
2-2 . Value o,f La ncl Ownarship
2..-3, Land. Deal~

Segtton i3 ... klministra tion

3-1, kpe ~di tures
Z-2, l>cr&Qnnel
0-3, ProteGtive St;i c\tri ty
3-4. liea.lth end \;;el:fa.re
.Append.ix A - Maps and Cb.arts
~

S11lnl:llariea of

C-

1woK vnr. ros .ALAMos pnoJ;;;c~'

V~1.

Rep o~t s

Befer~c es

I ,

<x>

Genert!l . ( 3 covers)

Section l - venerr:!1
1-l, .Purpoee

:'' l;;.;.z,,. ,Ji.dmlnietr~tion

Section 2 - Sit ~ Ge lection
Z-1, lie qui rem en t 2

<)
RESTRr.ktJ DATA
JI.TOMI~

/,.ct 194$

SE~~4Jl~T~L~f~-.it. .DM!~IION

.. \J

<'.;/

(:Book VIII; Vol. l, Section 2, Cont'd)

2-2~ Sites Considered
2-3, Selection
~- 4 , Description

Section 3 - L flnd Acquisition

3-l, Procedures
3-?,, History of Aequisition
~-S-3. ApprabE<ls

3-4, Condemna tion r~oceedinge

3-5, Problems fU'.l.d. Difficultie
&-6. Prog 1'e.ss

3-7, Ola.s si:fica tion of LPnd

l>-B, Co$tS
Section 4, - Tiedgn P.net,
4-l, Genera.l

Jingine ~ring

4-2, Cc;,ntract1>
. 4.-3, Procedure
4-4, Descr-iption of Uesigll e-:nd. Constr-u.cticn l'Tocesses

4.,.5, Costs
Section 5 - Construction
5-1, Ge.n eral
5-2, ContrM ts

5-3, Force Account

!5-4, Deeeript1on of Work

5-5, l?rogress
5-6, qor;ts
Section 6 - Mmlnistri;.tion end. OpP.J'stion of Com!!JU1.!l ty
6-l, General
6-B, Rousing
6-3, MeeEes, 0B.feteria.9, Re etR.urS>..nts, P..nd Oommissaey

6-4, Pogt !~ change

6-5, Los .Alamo6 Community Association and Direct Ooncessiona.ire
Cont.rer.ctt
6-6, PoFit Office

6-7, Motor Transport e tion

B-8 1 Maintellll.nce and Repair
6-9, Pro euremf!nt <=md SU"?J>l ;v
6-10, PQ lice snd. l'ite TJepA.rtmettt
6-11, Med.ie,<;l, Dental a.nd. Veterinary Service:
6-12, Intelligence and. Security
6-13, Mnison (with other J.e,:encies)
6-14. MorHle
6-15. Mi~<!-ellen'.?oui: Sub.j e ctt

Section 7 - Orga.n1zatio11 tmd. Pereor1nel

s:MiiilliiiiMlilliiA.
tl.l IOl~

7-1. ~~clminhtre.tion ( G-ov~rnment)

1-2, Sits Selection Personnel

7-3~ Lend Acqu,i si tion Personnel
7-4. Opere..tions Pt>..reonnel

7-5; Maintenance e~d l?R.pa ir

7-6, Design and l!ingineer Personnel

7-7, Construction

~er~onnel

7-8 .Popul a tion l<~iettres

.AppendiceE (2 separ a te coverr.)
Append.ix A. - &ps
~ - Ghar~s
C - \tAbula.tion~

:0 - Docu.a enti:;
- .Pho t.og rr..phs
F - l'ile Refereonce F

Ch~~ter

I - .tntroduction

1.1. Objective and Organi ta.tion

E.ee.eonf.l for llew PTo.ject
l .25, i lechnical tntro.du.ction
The April Conferences

1.53 Development of Program

l_.94, Summary
Ojlepte:r It - 'f'he .J 3ri thh Mh don

Qhrroter !U - t11e l'f'iriod. AnrU 1943 - A.U:'!:"'"J.st 1944. GenP-ral Heview

3.l ., Genere.1 Ad.miniatra.ti Vf;l Ma ttere
3.22, Perironnel AdtninhtrF.1.tion
3~59, Business Office
3.69, .Procurement

8.82 Libr~ry s.nd. Doeument Room

3.86. -Editor
S.87, ftea.lth and S1:.fety
3.100, Sb.ope
3.117, Oom;truction and Mt"-inter..?..nc e

3.123. Pe.tent Office

Chi:rnter IV - ~h:niai)l l:ill'yiew to Augui:;t 194.t.
4 .1, Introduction
4 .4, !Ju.clear Spec!fica. tions of Bornb
4.14, lfhe Chui Method
4.18, The lmplosio?l

4 .33,

Met~llurgy

4,.. 43, Chemietr:v

C.)

4.48. The Die:o.overy of ?u240

F-~~-~~~*., ..,...,,,....,.,,-.r_;:~7,..~7:'"'74 :n,, r'7<".'Z.;:.2;'.';""..,...,,,.,~"' ...,..."'""~'~'".Z".::l.:::::=:::t::::..:::l'.7'Z!l?ZS:'.::.'.::-'~7:~.::;coJ:k,7'5':"\ .... :.E~:;Z:":.'7'.\C'.-;;~~z::::;r_:;:~:C

!

(Dook'. VIII, Vol. 2. Chapter IV, Cont'd)

Chapt~r,.

V - lfheoretier:i l Divi.sion
5.1. Orga,n.iza tion _
.

5.4, Diffusion Problems

5.15, Wa ter Boiler

5.17, The Gun

5.18, The Implosion
5.32, Efficiency

5.50, 'rhe $uper

5.67, DamAge
5.70, Experiments
Ohgpter VI - The Eu>erimeJJtP..l PP,ysic s Division
6.1, OrgAntza tion

6.2, :liiq,uipme:nt
6.8, Preliminary lb:petiments

6.14; The Neutron l umbe:r

6.18, Spontaneous li'hsion Measurements
6.25. En~ Spectrum :Qf Fi s. don Neutrons
6 .29. Fisdon GrGse-SecUons
6.40, Capture Orose-Sect1ons, fhe "Branching W.iofl
6.49., Sca ttering i.xperiments, Choice of 'l1runper
6.5?, !the Water Doiler
6.76 Miscelleneous Experiments
6.82, Xnstruntentat1on
O'hvpter 'NlI '- Ordnance DiviEiorJ
-
7 .l, Orge.niita.tion and Liaison
7.17 1 Gun ~edgn, Proving. Interior l3allhticr:; ;3
7 .31, Projectile, Target s.nd Ini tie.tor Design
7 .42, Anning e:r1d Fusing

7.49, Engineering
7.59, llesearch on lmplo$ion
7.eo, DelivE!ry
ObBpter llU: - QhemistrY
8. l; Introduction

and Metallurgy

B.15, Uranium l'urific~tion

8.19, Ure..ntum Metallurgy
S.26, Plutonium Purification

8.36, Plutonium Metallur~

8 46, Miaoellnneous Metallurgy
0

8.55, Re.diochemietry
8. 71, Ana lytica l Me.thods

8.96, Cryogeny

..

Chfpter I X - The P erio d Aue:u,t;t 191,4 to

Eeyiew

. .J

B. 4 6

[;:

..-.-.--

"

.t\UP,'."J.Et

1945 - Gener a l

ri""'==-rl..tr.J::1'Zri:'.'.'"..z""lL' ""-=~>:J~-:,~~~':r-:,..,,,.-;;:r::n:.:.:.~:""'"""'!F~'"?"""'""'..,,,-:o-'~""."1-c--x:~""c;.:.~0~:::~i::r;"''l'f"'1;,.;;;,:.""~~ <"'1'.'.&::LI.ZK""'~""-':_

I

(~ook

VIII, Vol. 2, Chapter lX, Cont'd)

9.1, Heorganization
9.5, Conferences and Comlllittees
9 ..14, Liaison
9.18, Administra tion
9.19, Office of Director
9.20, Personnel
9.23 Procurement
9 29 1 Heal th

9.37, Safety
9.38, Shops
khrr~'ter X -

l'be . Period Aueo.6t 1P44 tp AW:Uft 1245- X,echnirwl

j.teview

10.1. Introduction
10.2 1 Gu,n Program
l0.5. i'he Plutonium Bomb
l0.19, fheoreti.eal and Experimental Pnysies
10,.22, Ohemhtey P...nd. Met1>.J.lurgy
10.24,. The Trinity ~ eet

Ohe.pter XI - The fheoretieal Division

ll.l, Introduction
11.4, Diffudon Z'roblems

11.7, The Gun

ll.8 1 The blploeion

ll.21; Ef'f iciency

11.2e. De.mage
ll,.29, Ji\xperiments
Qbf';pter KII - E'r;eereh DiyiJon

12.l~ !ntro~uction

12 .. 3~ Ne~tron Number Measurements

12.'li $ponte.neous FiBdon Mea.euremente
12.9 l!'hdon Spectrum
12~12. li'iuion Cross Sections
l.2\lll:S, Sea.ttedng -~periments
~-
l~.lB. M:ll.ltipl1ca. ticn~ :F..r.:periments
iZ.24, Other Integral Experiments

12.26, VJ.scellf.l.neous Experiments

.f .Division
13.i. Introduction

Che-vter XI I! -

13.3, tt'he Super

13.30, Other Theoretical Topics
13 .. 36, Deuterium and. Tritium Reaction Cross Sections
13.41, The Water Boiler
13.47, Neutron Physics F..xp eriments
C :.)
\:~~ ~

Chmpter XIV - OrdnRnce Division

RES~TD DATA
J.f:J.M

Y AC'l' 1940

~ ..... ~~-:-.,. ~. - - '"'.---~--.,-,..,.....,~_ --:--:-"':::'.

..... "' - -.-~-::C".":'.'."'-;T' ~

'r.'"""":"'"

{Book VIII. Vol. 2, Chap ter XIV, Cont'd)

14 .l, Introduction
14.5. Gu.~ Assembly
14 .~8, Armi.%1; and l!~using
14.~0,

Bomb n&llietics

14 .21. Surfe.ce en d Und.erwe.ter Jii,_-p1osion

.0..heJ!ter XV - Wee.non fh:rdee Dividon
15~1, lntroduction
15.4, Critical As sembliee

15.15,
15.20.
15.26,
15.:31,
U5.~

lmplosion
Implosion
Implosion
Implosion

15.41.
15.48,
15.5$,
ll? ~58,

ln1tia torE
Electric Detone.ts rs
Photography
E.leotroD.ics

~mplodon

Studies: The X-Rt1.Y Method

.S tudies: Xl:le Magn,etic Method

Studie$: The :Beta tron
Studies: The lial a Method
Stu.dies I The :hi" lectric Method

flli enter XYI ~ i{!lllogiyee Division

lG"l' Orge.ni~l:!.ti.on and Liai$on
16.~. Non-Lens lmplo~ion Studies
19.~4, fimipg Studies
16.~0. ~he Lens ~rogr"1l!l
16~27, ~losives Development and. P:roduction
is.~,

Explo$i ve s Production
Program
The Detont.1.ting System
16 .60. Engineering, ~e.eting, Ass.em.'bl7

.!$.Recovery
is.ss,

16

XVII - GP,elt\1.i;tu end. Metell.ure;y

17 .1. tntl"odu.otion

Cht>J;Jter

l'(,...;t , Urani'W?I Purification and Recovery

17 .9, Ur~i.um Mn t tll'tlrg

17.16, Plutonium Purific:a t!.on

17~24. ~lutoni-:qm Metallurgy
l? .31, J.rie,c elle.neou!; Met a llurgy

17 37. Rad.lo chem.is try

17 so. .i\?lp-. .ly sis
17.72 1 DP Site
Chenter XVIII - ,Pro.1ect Trinity
18.l, Fre-Trinlty

18.7, Trinity - Organization

lB.10, Ilehea r~ nl Test
18.13, Prepare tions for the Trinity Te s t
18.26, Trinity
18.29, ll.esults of Trinity E~:-p erim ents
ChrPter X! X -

~roJP.et Alb~rts

REST~D DP~l
A~G:

""'.'"T-'

'

.....

.-

-~

-c ...--

ACT

194

~=

, .'

=---=,~-=~vr~=.,,..,,...,":::"

"- . . .,...--r."",'':'!"~

. ......-"""" '""""--:=~-==.,,......,.,,..,,V:".:~::::::"'.,..,..~~

..."';

~()".,,:""i".l~-':::,~

SDI

( Eok VIII. Vol. 2 1 Clk~ptet< XIX, Cont'd.)

19.l, PeliYery Group

19.5. Orgfl.l1~$a.tio?+ end
19. 9, Destination

~ ests

Ohap'l;er' _l'~ +- Conciusion

.AppeniH ce s

Graphs (Nos. l.13)

No. l, Lette;r
No. 2; ill.roshima Teletype

l~o. ), Si ~e lW.p
No. 4, fdni ty FI"oJect LPCfltion Ple.n

5, Puilty Specifications
6. 'lechn.icai l~rea l'lot- .P".ap
7 Fj.le Eeferences

~o.

No.
No.

Glosaar,t

Oha.pter t - General end. Teclmi eel Rtrv-1 ew

l.l, N itceesi~y f9;r l?oi:;;t War f'oliey

1.9; Proposed Philoscphie$

l.14 ~an~lt1on ~cr~od

l.19, .P-e.e.e~t1me Activities Introduced

l.24

1.26,

l.Z7,

Rea.1th and Safety PrQgl'et!.

W&~er Shortage
1~chnic~l O.rg~!.tatiQn

1. 33.. Con tinue.nc:e o! the Weapon Jil.ngine dn.g Program

1 .38, 0J;"os.road.s Operatton
Chapter l! - Administrative Ox-ganh;c:ttion
2.1. xnt roduetion .
'
2.2~ Ji4nd.nist;rat1ve $truetu.re

2.s, Org-Mi.~tl,.Qn o:r A il:nd S Dlvid.Qtl December 1946

2.721 Health Grou.p

2.$8, Budnets .Of.f'ice _

Cheptel' . UI - TheoretipJ. fbft:ics

1

J.l, Introduction

).2

).14,

3 .15~

J.16,
J.17.

Divi~io~

OrganiS1:e.tion
le:ff.ect& of Test. &ncl. Combat lJucle-a :r 11.!xplosiona

Radte.tlon ilYdrod.yna.mies

Depl~t:i,on
Con:iposit-e Core

3.19, Super
).20, Super Oonferenee
;;. 32, 1'Al!U"m :Clocl:u - ~hemonuclea.r

-,
I

~.

3.37, Power
~

.2.fiater IV

08"
Iii P
L,.'rt
. > 11i J531th
, 1;'
/I(!

.........~ jl!

:i$

_Eh..vsics Division

l''or~tiori,

.1.

'-"'

~ Produc~ng Device~

~-

n~ Pz

of J?.,.Division

System

fol 5 . ' f4.TlOH

SE<~Jlllll....t~IORMATION

Cl?~)

(:Book VIII i Vol. 2, Supplement, Chi.;.pter IV', Cont 1 d)

4.6, Physici; Division .Activities
4.30, Oockcroft-1fal ton Accelert<.tOr and

11

Short 'ra.nk 11

Chtit)trr 'V - J.f !>i vision

5,1. Formation o! M Division

5.2. Generel

Re sponsibilitie~

Chanter VI - Che1nistcy and. Me t aYurgy: Research Division

6.1, Division Orge.niza.tion
x
6.6. General foliey of CMR Resea rch
6.9 1 Ohemi s tr.r Activities
6.27, Me tallurgical Developments

6.40, Plutoniuro Production

6 .46, !foal th lnetrumente and. Ind.oct:rirm.tion
Chnpt~r

VII - librol9dvee :Oiviion

Qf X Dividon
7 .32~ Detona,tion Md Shock Phenome na
7 .l.

OAA.nter

Organi~ e.tion

VIII. - Qrdnen9e EnginN~ring ( Z ) Di vi don

or Z-Divid.on
a.5, Progrrun of Z-Division

8 .. 1, Otge.nizaH.011

8.23. Organiza tion as of December 1946

Oht;Jter IX;- ;nocu.rnente.ry Dirldg11

9 .l, .I ntroduction
9 .4, Forma tion o f IJ...Divisiou
Ghe.nte~

X - Oonolyeion

J.;ppendice~

Dos. l through 9. Doci.lmEilts

No. 10, File References
Vol. 3, .AuxilianrAct1vities

,Chapter 1 - !JoS Angelef Proc:.reme.nt Offi ce

(1 cover)

Secti.on i - Intro duction

1-l General
1-2. 'Unctions of the Area Engineer Of fice
l-3, Ests.blh.hmrmt of Contra ctor' E Purch1d;h1g Dep;;.rtment
.Section 2 - E.istorical Ac count
2-1, Purcha.r.ing Program
2-2, Uni Vf'rd ty of California Purcha sing

E)
c

f"'."' -. ----

.2-3, Gov6rnment Procurement by Tr a nsf er

2-4. Engineering Procurement Division
2-5, Project c ~..mel

i'-:ilFiill'mOmtr~ 'J: l O N

{Book VIII, Vol. 3, Cha.J>ter 1,

Section 2, Cont'd)

2-6, Property Accounte.bi.li ty

2-7 1 11.ocou.ti:ng , Fiscal and. Cost
2-8, Trf..nsport&tion

Sectlon S - Suppleroent ory Information

3-1, Coets

3-2, Orgsnizs.tion Cherts

App endix ;, - Docu..rnents

Ch1-lpter 2 - f;ro .iect Cmnd (l cover)

Section l - Introduction
1-1. G-eneral
l-2t PurpoE-e of the liistory

1-3, Events tea.ding up to the Orga.n!zetion. of Project

Camel
Sectign 2 - 0J;"ganha tion of the ?roject
2-1, Gene r:U
2-~.

Initiation of the

~o~k

;;>,-::'i, Scope of the ':!o:r'k

2-4. GIT

Orgl'lhi~ation

P.-5, Stf.i.t ement of the Problem

ectiOn 3 - Development of E;xplosive Components

3-1, Genera l

3-2. Detonat ors

3-3, tiioldfi',

3-4, Contact l"uzas

Section 4 - Development of. Metal

Oompone~ts

4-1 1 Generbl
4.-2, Pmnpf.:in
4-3, '.hl.ilt
4 ... 4, Sph eres
4-5, Pita
4-6, Ellip soid~
4-7. lClectronio ]'u zes
4-8, Jriring Systems
4-9, Handling .Equipment

Section 5 - :E'lighti ;i.nd Ste.tic i 1ests

5-l, O.ene:r1;1.l
5-2 , TyrJes of 'l'ests
5-:'i, J. ~'ypic al 'I'est
5-4 , Deli VcX.-_y
5-fi, Oonstruotion of Test l!'e~cili ties
5-6, llomb Assembly Build.ings

REST.PD DJHA
A~GY ACT 1946

....... '>

'T'>o-1"!",-~ ,:-..,.,- -.~~ ~

-~..-.- -;:--

..

.,,, ~ ~~ -- - -~-:__,-r-,.,.-,.,.

.......,....

--.

.~--""!-~~.
,-_

__"""!'-

~-: :---- -;~_,.,...,.._.._...,."-.

-.

,N-

smeu1 sz u utua'ftON
(Book VIII. Vol. 3, Cl+~;pter 2, Section 5. Cont'd)
5-7, Cliange in OrgP..nh:ation
5-8, Telernotcrtng
5-9, Photogrnphy

Section 6 - Production and .rrocurement

. s... 1~ Gene:rd
6-2i Coet
Section 7 - Development of High ~~"'Ploeive Techniques - Eal t
Wells .Plant
7-1, Gene:re.l
7-2., Site
7-3, Typo of Conttruction

7-4, Construction Schedule

7-5, Respon~ibility eon~ Orga.ni?.ation
7-6i li'riori ties
7-?., Ohange. to Lene Castings - Increment B

7-8, Increment Z

7-9, lncl"eme.nt 4
7-10, Trial O}~eration
7-11 t Pressing Non-Lens Blocks

:ciign R - Termination and Tranefel" of Camel Activities

8-1, General
8-2, Deci~ion to Terminate
B-3. Transfer ~f Personnel
8-4 , Completion of Cona:tru.cti.on

8-5, Trs.nsfc.r of Techniquee

8-6, lrhpoaition of Records and Materiel.a
Section .9 - Oonstruction
9-1 6 General
9-~.

Houeine

9-~. Co n tr ~ ts

9-4, Cost
9-5- Construction a t I'Rsadena.

Section 10 -

S~curity

10-1, Generi:W.
10-2, Joint ll.esponsibili ty of IDJJ, the Navy and OI'.1.'

10-3, Compartmentalization
10-4, P~ rconnel Investig~tions
10-5,
10-6 1
10-7,
10-8.
10...9,

Pt,.SP..dena Branch Office

Jlt;ents nt l~OTS, Inyokern
Az i;if',,nment of Personne:l
tim1tdion of l~aval Hesponsibili ty
Concealment of Informrition
A!'1pe.ndix A - Pho togrC!phs and Dra.\d.nt;

()

:S - DocumentE

JJ DPJI
~----=-~.,.....,.,..--_,.-,...,_

'"'~~

-----

...,--~--

(:Book- 'If!!!, YoJ.. ~. 0.011t 'd.)

Chrnter

a - A~ti.vH~tlf

Ohfo State Gry9~eni9 Laboretoty

(l cover)

f fl.:rt I - (OS.ED Contract)

Sectipn

.1 .., Introduction

Section

-~

- Problems

S~ct1on :io; -

Contra.ct

Sectipn 4 - l=>erforma..nce
&~ction

p - Te rmina tion

eet!on

Organi~ation

Ps.rt II - (~..a;nhattan Dit;trict Cont:ra.e t)

.~.ection J.. -

t ntrod.uet;ion
1-.1, LR.boratory
l-Z. J1~ekground of Oontre.et

l-3, Contract
1-4, Pro~:reme.n.t of Equipment e.nd
1-5, Purpose

Suppl1e~

Section 2 - He !'ea.rch Program

t:;?,.-1, General
2-Z. lfovelopr!i.ent of s. Li.qu.i!'ier.
~z. Diffusion -0f .Air Through Gae Holder Sealing Fluids
2-4 , Excha.nge of Deu.terium Atotis with Soll.r~es of Ord.ins17

Hydrogen
E-5, lir, te of Ortho-Para, Deuterium Oonverdon
2-5, 'f'herme.1 Insulating M:; hr.ial; for Preserving
L1.1J:1l1.d. T)e.u teriW!l
2-7. Jaule-Th:omaon CooUrig !i.n the b.:pa.n siori of Compreued.
0-l!.!l\-a :lus DE!uter1wn
~8, :fa.tent lieat of Vep oriza,tion of tiqilid Deute:ri\Un

2-:9,

Dend ty of De.utP.riwn at V~rious l?ressur~:g,,~d

!l'em:perlilture s

GR. f

Z...10, frod.u ction of Deuterium Gas fl"om Heavy tinter a~

Sol.'-?'ce
2-11, F~ctore: Met in the Storege nnd. H:r..ndling of
2-12,

Deuterium G~s
~hermF.l Properties
:P:rA Ii! EU!'e

&ml~,

Tvo Cycle MquU'ying System

S~ctign ~

- Security

of Gaseous Deuterium Under

r;,.

sr .

~)

{~ook

VIII, Vol. 3. Clu,1ptr;r 3, Pe.rt II. Section ,3, Oont'd)

3-1. General
3-2, Sped.fie Security Problems

3-3,

3-4 1

.Sect-e~y

Pey~ic:el Sec;:ur1 ty

Section 4 - Organha.tion
4=1, ReseP...tch Staff
4-2, Shop Staff
Append.ix

Chapter 4 - pe..vton .ProJ,ect (1 cover)

Per. i. 1?u'bjee~ and }!elce-u.p of this

2. Purpose

C~pter
a~d Gene~~l Dev~lopment

3. Pl"oduc:tion Method.$
4, Real th Eaze.rd2
5, Pi-epe.ratlons tor Urchin
6, .lie11 Plant
7, Coet

8,

Pers<>.nn~l
14
.Htstorl~e.1

J.;ppendixt

.PrQducti.on

Report', Mnnsanto Chemical Company,

Da1ton, Ohio - 31 October 1947

Ch~pte~ J - Introductio~
Chapter U .. Conception pf the Dayton Pr~Jec1;
Ch~Eter III - ~e Pe~1od of Organization

Chapter IV ... G,rowth of the Pr()ject

CheEter v - ~he Develop~ent of

Chal? ter V'l - General Reseat-eh
Chripter Vll - Health.-Ph.;t;ies

Chapter VUI ..

Fo~d~tion

Prod~ction Meth~ds

B1olog1ea.l

Rese~ch

fot 8 Y11 Work

Chapt~r .I.X. .;. .Background an,d. Histofy of' Unit 5

Chapter 1~ - liotewortil..,y ContrUm:t1ons
Chs.pter ,XI - Supplement

Aeknowleagment.

Ch!lpter

5-

!i(l.vy J?e.rt.1c1pat1on (Chap. 5 : ~

. W- l cover)

Sect.ton 1 ... Naval Mine ': Depot, Yorktown, Virginie,

Section 2 - .Na.v al i..mmuni t1on Depot. McAlester, OklahoJnF..

Section

J. -

NF..:.VB.l Aurlliacy Air Station, Salton Sea. 1

Califo,rni(!

Section

4 - Other 1teros of N&V'f Participation

phapter 6 - Sandia
Chapter

0. .

7 - .Boron (B10 ) (1 cover)

'

'.B.54

;-- .,-~-

-""'.-

--.-

. .

~r01& 2 di 81bM.T IO~

(~ook

7, Cont'd)

VIII, Vol. ), Oh.apter

Section l - General

Seqt1.on 2 - Columb1a tiniversity

J,!ection. J $6ct~on

SecUoll

~he

Norton Company

'file. lw:rsho.w Chemical Conr.i;>~

- S t.tn.d.e.rd OU Oompan;r of lndienn

SecUon 6 - J.me:J;"ican Cyanei:iid Co~

'

Gbepter . g -

Qp~ra.t1on
.

rossJ:"os.d.s
(1 cover)
:.
-

Par. 1, G.eneral.
2, !i:E.rl7 Studies and Suggeatfon.s

J,

1-i.nthori!!itrA.tion

4, Designation of Oommand.e~ of Jotnt !J:'ask Foree One

5. Dee1gnat1on of Deputy T~sk Fo~ce Commander for

6,

1,

hch.ntcal l'>i.reot:tori
1'he T~str.t
Of:ficia.1 Actlount.. b_y tfoint T.a.&k Force One. of
Parttc~pat!on 'by the ManhattM Disti.iet

G".. r.,cs

Al~os D -

Div.ltlicn

9, Manhattan District PeTsonnel

io,

Results end Conclusions

Jtppend.1x A - Organb::ation Ch.arh

13 - References
Chapt~r

9 - Su.pple!llentery Act1'!!!!.!! (1 ewer)'

Section l - Detroit Office

Sectton 2 - Norden
Corp.
Section 3 -

Labo~stories

Oo:rp. and Lukas-JU:...rold

A:rnw Air Fields

Section 4 - Explosivee Re.se~eh Labo~atorY

.ection 5 - t11rdu.e Uni yet<0ity
Appendix: A - Documen ta
B ... B.efere11ces

(."''";' ,

"-.:__- )

sJ8

08f:JJZJU~Jfrv~
~ r4;i
.. 241

G(l) Ind.ex: of Iis.mes of .Persons

0(2) iud~z of Names. of Agenc1e11, Industrial
Ol"'ganiza.tiona Univers i t1o& etc.

./

--,.: . -. ,_,_ ..

,,...

.--~-

.......

..

,,,..../,..

33

E:rfUP1~ .

Cvrvt,r,et, 101 u~ r1 ;nti!s'flD

b>

Cl
./

Notes:

l.
Refel"e.ncea, . eene.r all}'", are mEl!le to Book ~umbers e.nd Volume
nl.lr.ll;>ers, as: "U-1 11 , "V-3" etc. 'l'he references to Yolume l~ cf Book
I and to Vol'Ul!le 3 of l3ook VIII als.o epec1fy the Chapter. numbere thus;
"l-4;5 11 (nk. I ., Vol. 4,Cha.p.5) t. "VIII-3: 2 11 (Ek. VIII, Vci. 31 0ha.p. 2) .etc.
'Zhe references to Volume 2 ot Book IV alJJ.o specify the PS?"t number

(&ie.~t I or Pe.rt XI), thus: "IV-21" or rixv-2u11.

'J.1he references to
llook JU and: 3ook VI contain no Volume or Chapter nwnbers. Ind.1v1dual
re!ere nces are aepe.rated \is cQmma.s. Where a nrune ls mentioned. in tvo
o~ more Volumes of ~he same Book. the . number of the lklQk i, ~ e;iven with
the first l"efel;'encE? only; thus~ tx-1.4:_3,VUt-1,2.3;6~ refers to the
following five pt:'lrts -0f . the Hltitoeyi Volwne l of llook I.: Cb.apter 3 of
Vol,ume 4 of nook I;, Volume l of Dool:: VIII.: Volwne 2 of :6ook VIIl: and
Chept4 6 0 Volume 3 of Book V!Il.

2..

A n:eme in thi.$ Ind.ex will usuW.ly l;)e found 1n the

Inde~

of the

OM.pte:r, Volume o.t Book referred to, and ~here further refer~nce d.esienateE the page number (or par~"Taph number), exeept that in some cases
t..lie name me.}' be found only dlreetl.:r 111 the te:x:t or in atl. append.ix.

3. BecallSe the writer~ of some pa~ts ef the History (notably

Bk.VUI,Vol.2) have follo\ted the policy o:f omitting the tltles of
ct v.t.U.a:+~, '1U.ch E'4s ttD.r. 11 or "~rof. tt the nMtes do not al W9.ys .~ppear
in this IndeJ-.: ~i th the;i.r proper t1 tle$.. lfor offi~ers cf the Army and
Na-vy, the hiGhest rank by which es.ch 1s mentioned ln the Eistorv is
usually (but not alwi;i.ys) given in this Ind.ex.

4.

lio :references to Top Secret Appendices or- ~;op Secret Supple-

ments are included in this Index.

5.
us

Scme names,. not included in the main index, have boen inserted

Addenda" 1 on p. C(l) 24.

11

-. ,
C
}

C(l)E

\ \" t ~ f }t ~ I

- - L- (;

[J

t't4."

f;t L" t

CW!) HrJ DEf fJiiAl:s;'AD

Abelson. Dr .J". Et. t I-la 12, IV-t. 2I. VI

Aeher.H. t'!. VUI-1

Acheson,Deen,t-4:7
Aekart. E.G.,Itt,Iv-1.2tI

A,ntec,Col.D.E I-4:1,I-5,VIII-3:1
.~pen,H.V.,Il-4
.
Appley,La.w:rence

A.,1~9

A.rcher, Ha..J.N.n n-J,5

Ardinger (FaMett a.n1) IV-~

Aclcer,F.M.,IV-6

Ackerman, MaJ. J. 0. , VX U-2

Areersi~$r

Adatn,tt.rrancis o.,Jr.,1-14
Aa.e.rn$,J.f.,VItI-1
Ada.maon,Ool.K.l? .. ,I-l
Aebersoid,Dr.lll.C.,I-4;3

,R. E., V-3

Argue,Fred,V-3
Armist.ead,F,O.,II-5

Arn~Gon,:R.G-ordon,I-4;7

Arnold.,Gen.B.fl. VUI-):B
~'\.rn.()ld,Dav.n Samuel ix. 1 1-s, trin-2, 3:9
Ashbr1dge 1
t-rru.iney, VIII-1, 2
.Aohworth, C-md.l' .,..:. ; VI!I-2; 3& 8

Agnew,H. VUI-2
Agnor,Capt.G,L,, VI
l...}:ele7 , MaJ. w. o VUl

Lt.y.o\

~ton,nr.r.w x-4:14,It-2
.Aton,rjt.Thos.J i14 .

Attl~e.Prim:e . Minister O. R. I-4: 7

Aug.(} 4 C l-12
.

Akers,Dr.W.A.,tI-2

Albree-htson,E.:S.,IV-6
Alexender, }l. 0., I-4:.6
Ale.xand,er.,Dr,2\P., Vll-1

Alexa.nder,R., v:a-1
Allen,Lt. Geo .s. ,..t-14
J>..llen.,R. S,, VI Il-2

Ayerf!;,.A. N. ,VIII-2
Ayer~,John

A.iI-4:11
Alpr,tt.J' .H. Il4

A~evedo;Lt. Danie1.1~14

Allen., Ih'.;T. G., t-7

Allen;tt.J.E.,t-4:6

.J.,

.:\.

AlU.n.$1)n,J
u~4
Allis,JJ.aj 9 ~t.? ~, ~-14
Alli~on, Dr. $.K.; 14; ~-, 4;9, 11-:12,

4n3, tV-2I, VIU-2

Alspa'Ugh,P,L. 1 tt5

3;9

Alter,H.W.,l-~:7

Alvar.ez,Dr.L. W,.,I-4; 7-. VIU-2

J...znaldi,Dr., I-14
J.ni~ros 1 Lt. Wayne A. ,I-14
Ames, Ospt. Irenneth, VI tI-1
f..o!e., Robt. T., 1-s
Ander~on,Lt.Andrew J. ,.,.Tr. ,1 ...14
Anderson, Dr. 0. D., VI II 3; 2
Anderson,En.s.D.t.,.,VIII~2,3;8
And.ersQ~,_Oa.pt.G-. W
~Tr.* Um~ . VUI-3:1~

.t\..nderson~H.t. VUt-2
Ander~on,Capt~J.D,,I!-3

And.erson.Kaj. Ii. ri., I-5

Anders('Jn 1 0nid:r.Rolend A.,I-13

Anderson,Lt.Wilbur S. 1 1-14,tI-5
Ji.nders9n, Lt. Wm.A. ,Jr., ll4
Andre.Gasion,I-14

luidrews,aep. w. c VIII-,3&8
Anicett1,Dr.R.J.~VlI-l

C(l)l

CiPJ Pf e: :r:rr~. L'Q n

- ,.. .. -c::- .. . . ---

.~

-::-

-----:---

--

~abo~ek,~.F.,lV6

lla<:her-,Dr .R.ll'. I-4f 2,4:5. 4:.7VUI-2,

lle.4gel" 1 :R.M., IX-2

llaei-tdnd,., Dr. , t-14 ,

B~e,Dr.Jtrri~,t-14

11agley1 J.G.,U-5

aM.n, ~o. w. 1 vu...2

Bainbridge,Dr.K.T. ,I-4;3, VIII-2
.Bnird1 Jelf.lj. l)ouglas o. , l'.-13
Ba.1rdIit. li'. M,; I-14
Daker .C.h e..t"lie, VlU- J; 9
.aker,c.P. VIU~2
l.Jal'.:e.r P . , Y-6

Fi.

Baker,F. 11.,IV-6
aker,Ja~ VIIl-2
aI~ er,D~.Lynn,I-7

BakeT.L.G., VlU3Cl

Baker,N!.cbol.e.s,VIU-2
Bttk:er.n.D.,VIIi-2
Bale .Dr..\. 1\ , I- 7 .
Balke,C.C.,VIII2

SEC!~Jcii'vtlfBiUl.T 101~

Bamer 1 t.0- 1-11

l3ell,Daniel W.,1-9.V..-4
:Bell,E.W.,I-5

Baranowuki,F.P Il-5
Barge.Lt.R. I. ,1-11.t.

:Belrnore,F.H., VU-l
l3en'Qow,Y.ia.j. H. s., I-lu 9, VII-1

.Ba.l:'J4ey,Sen.Alben W.,l--4:1

.BeneCLiet,Dr.M.

:Bani~ioten, G. VIII- 3; 7

l3a.rnr..rd Chester I. I-4; 7

&.rnea,Capt.Gcy :m.,I-lli
Barnes.,tt.Pbil1p, VIII-2
Barnet t 1 Capt. a. t., X-4: 6
l>arnett,Oapt.tt.J ,III, VUI-3~4
BQl'nett,I.-t. o. C. ,!l~,

:Barnett, s. c., JI..._5

.Barrett, Oap t. H.ti..rtin. X:. , I-5

lle:r"k1e,Dr. ,I-14

Best, 5.J. VIII-3l 4

Bethe,a .tt VUI-2

'.Betts,Col.A. w.,vxu..-2

B1 blr.r. E.arri. x~&

!3ice,R,A VIU-2,3;e
:Bigeltr(:ln,J4t. G<era ld.,:VlU...1
DUea.n VU-1
Bitch,r.. t. Cmd.r. ; F VIU-.2
:Btahop, H. ~. i I-6

Bl aeld.s t.one ~ .F. D. I-5

:Bl Eidt ,001.n. o x.;.10.12
131e.!,r, !f.,VIII~.3: 7
Ble.kely,F.F lI-5
Ble.nche..rd. Lloyd :a: VUI-2
Blen41 Vice A~;w.R. l?. VU I'\" 3; g

&rscht;lll ,P.. H. YlU-2

.Bartholomeu, o. l. VI:U-3; 7

.Ba.;-tley,Dx-. Waltar,I .. 4tl3

B~rtnett,R.T~,t-ll

l3aru.ch.1J~H~, I~l;.; 7

Basld.n.Lt!J .R. 'I-1~

lla.st,;ett, C~t. t. G., lII-l

~teon,Ma.j .It. T., i,.;.:4: 5

liaut,Lt.H.s.,1-14

,axter, Pr r. P., 1-416

Baxter,Y.ej. S~el, t-12 .

1-1l~

Jllauvelt.tt.:a.w.

t-4:

Blitis,nt,.L.J... ,
7, U5
Blo.cb.,V46.J .fAw~I., I-4; 2,12
.Bloch,r, ,VUI-2
:S1oe~,n.a.j.L.R.,X-l~

&i.wer,!;iawrep.c-s. VI:U-3;6
~eahanf Capt.K. K. LVUI-2 .
Beams, Dr. J. w. I :r- a 12, lJ.;lll
Besud.1n 1 lUl ton, I-9

Elock,Lt.M~lv1n A. ,x-11:6
:Slock,S~yaour, . 1'.'"4:6

Beck,O.K.,115

Beck,IV.E., VIU.- 2

Bloom,DT.Wt:t.,I~7

Seeker, Dr. August, I-14

Blum Oapt.:aer!lf>rdt I-7

lleckWi th. Ma.j. ~. M. XI-5

.Becqu.eret.H. ,IV-l

a.' VUI-2
Bee1e:tt,Ool..GeQ.W.,I... 4~2,4:7,1v-G,

.Bed.erspn, T/5

VII-1
.
.
Beernan., Lt. F. t. I-14
:Begg,Ca.pt vur.:. 3:9
BehH.ng,n.A IV-5
Belche;r,f.i!. aj. fred. H. , Il2, II-3, 5, V-3
Delcher, Lt .P. F. 1 1-14
llelgerorl. Cixpt.R., VIIt-.1

aocb:ette.Lt r.w. ,x ..-i4

Boeh,Dr,Robt:.,I-7

BoGart.MaJ. D.C., l-5

Bogash,R.,Y~II-3:7

Boggs,E.M .. , VIII-3:9
EolldenO~pt. V.i.

.'Bohr,.Aage, vui-..2

,I-9

Bohr,Niels.IV-1,2!,VI.II-2
Bolstrul.~N.,VIU-~

l3ol ton,L~.F.~., I-14

Bol tzmtmn,ii., \'lII-2

.Belint::.,Frru-ik 1 VII-2
c 1

~e~g,L\.C.M VlII-1

llerel1n,Capt. O., VU-l

Bibos.w.in., v1u-2

s. ,.IV-5

.Ba.ron,nr .. t.s.o.,t-7

I(,

X-4:7, u ...5

Bezmm,Dr.l.I,. 1 VUl-3t3

Ba~rett,W.F.,lt-5
~rich,(lta.pt.J.

ennett,Lt.Al bert, I~l.4

C(l)2

../i ., ;.,
Dh l h .

cr arr a, . ,. . . . t 4 s ,
~r , ~-

,~
!'-MiilPl!:J

A ,

Bondra,ke,L.D.,VII!-2

l3rookc:;,Howard,VI1I-):3

l3onesteel ,Col. C.H., VIII-3:5

Brooks,Lt.J. ~ .,V!IX-1

Boorse,H.A.,II-2

Brooka,M.L. VIII-2

Dooth, Dr'. X. T. , U-2, 5

:Bopp.Dr.,I-14
Dorden,Br1g.Gen.W.A.,VIIZ-3tS

Bo~st.Dr.L.D.,I-4:2
Bothe,Prof.Wal~her,I-14

Bowelle,B., IV-3

Bowen,Rear J>.dm.H.G. ,I-~:12, VI.

VIII-):S

Bowen,Dr.l.S.,VlII-3:2

.Bower,H.C.,It-5

l3owes, Wat.son, VIU-1

:Bowman,Prof.l!.~.,I-416

::arovn,R.E.,IV-4

Brown,Ool.Stau.nton L.,I-14

Brown~~...,1.6,rv-5 1 6

Brownell,R.M.,.J-4;6
:Brues,Dr.A.M.,.t-4;6,7

:B~d~e,Lt.B~M.,I-4:6,4:9,7

.Boyd.Dr.Geo.,I-7

.Dradbury,Dr.N.E.,I-4:5,II-5,VIII-2,
3;!),J:~

! ryan,Capt.F.A., I-7
Btya.nt,H., Il-4

llubb,G.E.,IV-5

Bradviq,F. W.,t-6
Brady,Lt.Max:,I-14

:Buchari.an,J'., III

BreJmori,Capt.J. n. II-3

Bugbee,S.J.,IV-6
Bu1letd,Lt.Hudson,US!f,VII1-3:5
Bu,llock,Lt. Ool. E. F., l-5
Bullock,MaJ.J.O.,I-14

Buckley,O.E.,Il

:Branch,R.T.,v-;;

Buett~er,Capt.R.J.,VIII-3:S

Bre.nsome,E.D.,VII-l

~r5tt,E.C.,VIIl-3:4

:aray,aalph, VUX-39

a.,.I-4113

Bra~ier,~.E.,VIIIl,2

:Bundy,Hnrvey

Breit, Dl". G- I-4112

Bunk:er,Capt.O.H.,VII-1
Burbage, J. J. VIU- 3: 4
Burford,W'.:s.,v-1

Brennand,J.R.,VXII-1
~renner,Rtchard,I-9

Burggrave, W.F.,VIlI-3=4

BreJ"eton,Gen.L.B., VIU-3: S

:Burke,Lt.c.t.,1-14

Bre~scher,E.,VIII-2

J3re\te;r .Dr .A. Ke1 th,I-4:14

~ridges,Sen.~tyles,l-4:1

~urke,J.E.,VI!l2

Burlingame. w. m.,VII-2

Br1dgman, ~.P.,VItI-2

Br1ggs,Dr.t.J.,I-1,4i12,4:14,II-3
Br1ght,W.,VIII-2

.B urman,Capt.L.c VII-1
l3urnhtun.. Lt..P.,l-14
l3urns,.r.A. ,IV-5

Brin, '1!/Sgt.R VIII-2

Burnn,R.H.,II-2

:Sriney,R.M.,VII-1
Brinkmei.n,MeJ.E.A.,IIl,VII-1

hrrh .1 Stru;ley, VIII-2

ElU'rias,r~ t. Cmdr. S,, VIII 3&8'

:Bri~er,Dr.B.,VIII-2,3:S

~urrough,Capt.s.E.,USN.V!II-3:2

Broe.d,W.E.,I-6

Burton,Capt.n.n.,VIII-3:2
Burton, John R. ,Jr. I-4: 7
Burton, Dr. Mi l ton, I-4: 7

:Broad:well,R. l?., l-G

Brock,Lt.L.v 1~14
nrockman,nenT,VIIl-2

Eurton,R.E.,IV-5
:aurwe11,n.,v11-1.2
Bush,Lt.B.C.,VIII-1,2

Brode,R.D.,VIIl~2,3:2;3t9

Brooks, Edwin,VIII-1

(J

Drowder,Edwatd C.,I-10
Erowe,.-, W.H.,VIU-2
Brown,Capt.E. B.,I-14
Brown,Edward J.,1-s,rv-5,v-5
Brow,H.J.,I-6
Brown,Jas. M I-11

C (l) 3

sE:Q14,-HMltil!ATION

Dush,Lt.H.B I-14
llush, Dr.V:., I-l, lt-: 1, 4; 5, 4: 7, l+. '1 z.
4:14 7,tq,12,13.14-,IV"'l1,2Xt3t5,
v-2,3,5,0. vu...1, nn-2, 39

OhnlJJ.s,G, S. 1 VI!I-2
Chambers _,W.R., v... 6

.ByrnEis,HQn,.Jas.F.;I-4:7

Cha pe,,'Joseph,t-1.1;7
.
Ohe~semCUl, E .L.,VJ;II-3:6

Butler,n.a.,IV-4
:autle~.s. ;..., VIU-2

Obt-lp man, Dr., V-6

Chapman.~. s vu1-3:4, 3:7
CMpraann,Dr.s :t-4;14~VI

Ohappell,Lt.G.o,,VIll2

Butler,Col.R.G.,Jr.,VIII-3:9

Chcr~ell,Lo;rd,VIII.-2:

Chipma.n., :E. Jl1., VII-l

Oboa.te,Ma.J. c. n n-3

Oa~ai~.tt.J.E.,I~l4

Ohrlstr,R. F.,VIII-2

Ca.ldes,Wt-J. ~ Vtll:-2
Sald\'fel.l,. l.6
Oale~a,T/Sgt., V. V.U I-2
Oe.J.leghan,T~t. li'.P., 1-14
Ce.l verhliaj.
,1-14
Cal vin,.Capt. :g .~., I-9, 12
Cama~,i.~ . 1 VI.U -2

Ohu,.bb,L~ W. 1..:.1

Ohurch,G.P.,IV-5
Ohu.rch,H. ll.,I-6

a:.x.

Chu.rcn.r . lll.,VIU-2

Chu.rchllt, W~nston,VlII-2

Gieslicki, ~~ion, VIll-2

Clanczt ,r,t.J. F ~14
Clark. Capt;. c.t . x-14, VII I-.1
Cl~k.J.C., VIII-2

Gemer~n.tt.c.t.,i-14

Campbell,A.W.,Vtll-2
Canpbell., .r-:.J. Geo.:e., l-13

Cls.i-k,Dr.J.M.,VII-1
Cla.rk:~Dr. t.J., 1-4;12

Oamp'bel.l.,,roe.r ,I-4: 2

Campbelt,S1r Ron.n.ld l.,I-1

Clark,o.s.,tv-5,6

O~>npbell .1l:l-J. V.. O. , U-3

Cl.arke,Lt. C.F. ,Jr I-14, IV-6

Gan~on.nep.Ctarence,X-4:1

Clarke,J.O.,t-5,I-6

Oantr1i,D.r.s.T.,X-7 1 IV-2U

Clarke, T. , VIII-

Oa.pp~ello.Anthony.I-12

>n

Clarkso:q,Oapt. ~. R.,l-7
Cla.us~n,R. E. , VJU-2

Oarl berg, :a.. A. IV-5, 6

O~lao~,B.,Vlil-2

Olawi;on,Dr. Don, I-7

Ol.~ 1 Dr. l!l . 1 I-7

Ca.rlson,T/Sgt. E. 1 YIII-2
Ca.rlson.~.o.,xv-~

01~ ,rd.eha:-d, v~n . . )r 9

Cla.yton,tt.s.s.,1...14

Garlson ..a. ,1-6

Carlson,R. W., VIII-2
Carpenter. 1.S.,Jr.,IV-l

Clea.ry,Pfc.Patr~ck, V~II-2

011.ne,O., VIII.-2

Ca.rl'; t t.J.F.,I-14
Carson,Jnl1s ll.,I~6

0;1n~ 1 MaJ.V.~~.v-6

Cloua., w.T.,Iv-6

Oarter, R.C.,VI!J~3:9

Clud\ls,Vi

Ot1.sey ,Lt.. Col. s. :a., I-9

Ca.ssid..Y .. Lt.:ti. M., VI ll-1
O<ist.1:1 .F., IV-6

Coe.ni.1. .,1-4:3

Cn.tlet~.caa;~. w.A III

Oent~r,Ol&rk ~.,ll-5

Oohen,Dr.KH.l'l P.,I-4:14,II-2

Oockc.rof~ 1 Prof.J.D.,1-4:9
Coffin,G.s.,1v~5

Oate:r .. r;Jt. w.:o 1...14

Cohen, G. VUl-lZ 7

Colm.Dr.Wal.do I:.,I-4:3,4:7

Cernaghan,Capt.A.L.,V!II-1

Colby ,Dr. w. ]'. ,1-14

Oh~dwick.Geo.YXII-.2,3:9

Clw.d\11.ck, Sir James, I-l, l~. : 9, l~ : 13, 9,

lV-1,21,VIII-2(~

Coldwell, E. s. 1 l

I-5

Cole,Dr.K.S.,I-7

C(l) 11

RES~D DATA
.ATOM

G Y AC'I' 19-''.'

s---ii'IPlATIOl

Oowan 1 Mnj .Jo.s.B. t t-l4

Co,1dry ,Dr. E. V., I-4: 3, IV'-2Il

Oole,Col.R.E.,VIlI-1
Coleman, 'I'.J., VII-1
CQll bohm,li'ra.nlr, VI II-319

Coll1ns,P/4

Cox,t. F~ . VIU-3&

A. VIII-2

Orene.H.R.,VIII-2 1 3:2.3:9

Ooll1r1rs.Lt.B. W I-14
Collins, Lt. Donald C., I-4:6. nU-3sB
Collins,~oueasy 1 l-l0

Colton,L.J.,Jr.,VII-l

Crs.ne 1 P.w.,1v-6

Crawford,A.L.,II-4
Cra.wford.Oa.pt.R.L.,I-l2 1 U-3
Crawford, Lt. ..R., I-lli

Compton. Dr .A. a:., 1-~. : 2, 4: 4, 4: 5, 4:7,

Creech,Franc1s L.,I-6
4:9 1 4;11, 4;12. la 13, 4:14 1 Il-3, IV-1, Crei,.ghton,Lt.Esther,VIIl-1
Cre1ghton,li.J.,tI~2

2I,2II, VIII317
Compton. Dr .x:. i'., I.-4: 2, VUI-3; g

Crensh~w. Col. 'Thos. T.., I-12, VII-1

Conant,Dr.J.B.,I-l,4z7,4;12.4:13.
4 114-, 7,10 1 12, IV-1,21, 3,5, V-5,
6, VlI-1, VIIIl, 2, }t2.Jt 4, I- \4-

5'2.

Oondon,D~.E.U.,I-4:12,VIII-2,}:S

Cx-eutz,Dr. :m. C., I-lu4,4: 91 VUI-2

Or1et,Dr.a. H.. Il-2, VIII-3: 7' 3:9
Critchett.J.~

x-4:7

Cri tch!ield,c.t., v.ux-2

Oramer.s.J.,VIII-2

Cone. w.A. ,IV-2U

Oonklin.nr.~\E: 11-5, V-1,6
Conn. A.H., Vlll-3:7
Connetl.1 4.J., VIII-1
Connell,R.!'., VIII-3:1

Orowell,T. VIU-3: 7

Cn>wley,Lt.J.T.,t-14
C~n,A VIIt-3t7
Cunttlnghalil,John w.,rv-4
Curie,1 :rv-1
Curie,M.,IV-1

Con ners,Lt. H.P., I-14

Connolly,fi'ank,l-9
Consodine,Col.Wm.A.,I-14
Oook 1 Capt.Ro'bt.R., Il4
CQok,Lt.Col.R.w.,11-1,5
Oook 1 Dr.~nlter W
.,VlII-1,2
Cooke,R.T IV-6
Cookeey,Don&ld,I-4:13
Cooley,Lt.L.E.,I-14

Curie.P., IV-1
Currait.,Pei;er A., VIII-1

ourr1e,Dr.;L.M. ,U-2

Curtlc,Dr.H.J.,l-7

Curt1s,M.L. ,VIU-3: 4

Cur\1ss,L.F~,1-4;3.4:12,v1

Oustar,GQrdon,Jii
Cydell,M.R.,Iv-6

Cooley ,o~pt. ~.R., usu, I-S

Coolidge,Dr. ~ .D.,I-1

Cooney.Col.J.P.,I-4:6.
Oooper,Dr.C.M. ,I-4;4

Oooper.Onpt.Murray M.,I-14

Deghl.1an,H.K. ,Jr., VUl-2.3:9

Dailey ,Lt.l'l.H. ,I-i4
nJ.1.fon10,Lt.D.v.,1-14
Dullenbach 1 Dr.,I-14
Dalton,Capt.W.E.,VII-1
Dsna.,L.I.,Il-5

Cooper,.Dr. Rcplon.d , l-7

Copps, Capt.Jas.F., I-14
Oor2k 1 Wm. 1 VI U-.313

Cornelius.Lt.Ool.W.P.,II-1,4

Cornog,R., VIII-2

C or6on,Dr~Dale

DanielsDr~Fe.rrington, l-4:2, 4: ~- , lV-2I

R.,VIII-2,3:6

Corson, m
. M. 1 l !5

Deniels,Lt. G.B., I-14

Co'ifell,Dr.C.D.,I-4:3,4:5
CostE-1110,Dr. Martin, I-7

Denhls,H. T., !V-2II,5

Danne,Mrian,I-4.ill

Goulson,Lt.l'red, IV-6

Darling,L.A.,IV-6
Datv.,s.,VIII-3:7

Cottlter,L.V.,VIII-3:4

C(l)5
iJ !\.t.., ......
.) !-;

f\

[ , TO:MJC

.
'

,\

v H lf \.

S~
F'i1t1tFORM.t1.TIC

Dav~U. os; Ga.pt. S.li'. VIIX-1, 2

Da.vicl.~oll.,J'o~ ll u-4. IV-2!I, VI

m.11, Fld. fUil". Sir .John, l-1

De.vle~ .oapt.Jo.hn L. I r-11.i., vu-1

Davtes,Dr. ~ .lla.rrison,I-4:7

Dillon,J.u., vn;r-3,1}
Din1us,.tt. E. ~., I-14
Dire.c,P.A. M., VIIt-2

Davi.s,Ron. Clifford, I-10

Davis, Eileen, VIII-3: 3

Doan.Dr.R.L., IV-2I,2II
Dodga.D. F. ,VI

Devi&,Capt.Geo.B.,Jr.,I-14

l)odge,tt.R~bt.~.,t-4:7

Davie,Capt.~.B.,VIlll

DQd2on,a. w.,vr11-2
Dole,Dl-. M.,III

Davis,~lohn. P&rks 1 1;,..4: 7

Dt.i.vis .a.n... v11x-2

D10lier,Fre:nklin, I-416

Davis,Wm. H.,I-8

Doll,Dr. E.B.,Vtll3:S

~Vlson,B.,VIII~2

Doll~ B.J.., VIII-2

Da.w eop.,T/Sgt.R. VIII~2

Dollc.ldsoniDr .La.u.ren.,I-7, VUI-3H~

Donn'e ll, lf.i;..J . P ~. ,t-~J 5,4: 7. VIU-3: 7, I- \4 '=> :

.Dawaon, Ssre.}l., V1U-1

Day 1 Lt.C. E.,VII1-l

Dapel,Pro.Robt.,I-14

l:1a.z:t<>,Lt. n.c.,:i-14
De!;ln,~t.Virgil Y.;VlII-l
de Benedetti.s.,VIII-):4

Dorlarui,Ool.G.1~. v111 ... 316

D.Qu.bledq.Col.,14:6

Douglau,P.M. 1 V1II-3:1
Dcnl.g.l.ae,.Dr. !L'.:B., VlU-J:)

DeOoursey 11 (fol. Elbi;?rt , I-4: 6

Del'ranco,t.t.:F.J. ;l-14

Dounce,Dr.Alexander,l~'7

Dev,David,VIII-2
Do.wd,y,Dr.. A.H.,I ...4;3.7

D~liof:tiua.n,fre4e~~ck,VIII-2

Deibn.er,Dr.Knrt,I-14

Deil~ ,Lt.R. 1J., 1-14

Dragel.",H. w

vux ..2

Drew, T~B., lV.:..6

Del Gento,Lt.N1aholas,l-14

Detoritllier,Ool..A.A.,VII~-3:s

Drieco'.\.1, M/ sgt,.F.J., l-416

DeMille,J.M.,IV.-6
Deming,J.O.,Il-5

D.u dley,Cept.L.4 I-9

Denf1eld,Reai- Ad.m.L. E.,l-S

Deni t, Gen. C. ;;3., I-4; 6

Duffey, Oapt. n vu ...1

Duffi.eld., R. :B .. VU l-2
Mfiutewt,Prof' l-14

Du.bl'ld,ge 1 Dr.L.A ~-4t2,413

Du.U.tey .1a.co1. w.n.. v.ru:...1

Dempater,Dt,.1. J. ~l-4;13, U-2

Demeon,.E.J., VIII-2
.

~bs.r,P.B.,I-4:)
Dunham,Lt.R~bt.S.,I-l'

Denn.es, W.R.,VII1~2

Der;lnger,Dr.l~ I-7

liu.nlap 1 R.R.,VIIl-2
J>unn,tt..J. R. ,I-14
DunniM.Dr.J.R., I-4:1~,II-2, IV-1
Dunning,.Me.J. E. l!l. I-9
Duran.d., Eric, V: UI-:HS
Dv.Vigneaud, Vincent,l ... 4: 3

Derry,Lt.Col.J.A.,I-9,:;:s

de ~evaraky.MBJ.A.P., I-1+:6
DeSilva,Col.Pe~,I-4:6, 14, V.lll~2

Deesauer, Dr.Gerhard,Vl!l-3;8

G.,

Deutsch, z.
I-4:14
Pe:ul.1n,Lt. ~r.J. 1..,14

Dewey, Bradle;,VIII-318

Izy'~e,J,. E \.!'III-2

DeWitt,General J.L.,IV-1

Dice,c.o.,v111-3:4
Diek,C.H.,VIII-3:9

.:sn

lilbbe,MaJ. R. F.,IV-5

Dickel, G.,VI

Dickinaon~ '.:fa.rren,Vl!I-3:9
Dickson,J.L.,~v-6

Eberstadt,ferdinand,I-4:7

Dike,s.H.,VIII-2,3:9

Eb.l1ng, l.;.14

Eber~$.R. M.,V~II-3:7

C(1) 6

REST~D 0/{T.
Al'O~GY

.... -r-

----- - -

ACT 1341

SECUlii4jl]jlj.-

Iilckbe:rt;.Lt.O.R.,I-14

-liCWRi\tflTI OJ

Fe.rxow,F.. S. IU
i'c:.sss tt .(Ardineer a..>id) .xv-l1
Ji~'l.ll ,Iienry .vr I-2

Ecl-:roliJ\,M1. oa1. a.n., 1-111

Ed..war.U.s,L\..Roi W., I-14

M.wai"ds,11.. K.,I-lO

Faust,Dr.J.T.,I-7,11,14
t ederman.s.,Vl1I-3t7
T-ehre:r,Me,J.J.N.,I;,.9

Ehlert, Dt. 1....14

Ehrli.c h,tt. /rIII-2

Eilers,Lt.Ror 1 1-13
Einstein,Dr./ilbGrt,I-l,II-1,IV-l

Fe:lq~ck,Dr.Geo. T.; I-l~;7 ,n-5

Fel,.l,l':it.P. S. J:'.i., l -lli

Elkins,J.A.,Il-5
m 1~y,Dr.n. w vu-1

1!1erebee,MaJ. 'hot., VUi-2

Ferg'llson, Ethel '~cock. VI
Fergu:son., $en.Jfomer, X-la l

Ferm1,1'r .Enrico, I->+: l~i 4: 9. 4, 12, u:-5,

Eigenhert,Lt. w.s., 1...14

Ellio t,J~ . E. , II-~

1v-i,2r. VUI-2
.
Fernelius,Dt.w.o., VlU-):.ti
Fe-rri!l:1Jos., VUl ~l Ferrit ,)?,hillip, VJ1Il .
;9'erri,s 1 i'he.odo~e, VI:ll-1
F<:rry,I~a.J .r.L. ,l-7

Ellio~~! t-6
:ID.liott,Ma.j. Wm. ,1-13

Ellit,Dr.E.L.,VIII-3:2
Ellis,Jf.l.llle~,v-6

Enget,:nep. 1-~.J., i-4; 1

Engel 11 Bex-.nard., VII-l

Engel,Capt.n.E.,I-9

l'eylU!lr..n,:or .. a .. ~ . 1-417. II-5. VIU-2

h$ko;,D.;VX
'Ent, Gen. U.G.; VU!-2,3-9

f ielding. i . w vu-1
!'iel.ds,Ool.K. E. ,l...4 2, 4;7
J'inch, Oa.p t.Ro'bt. F. ~ 4-14
F$.:ie, Dr .Po.u,1 O., I-4~ 7, 4: 13
finn,Me,J.P.S.,. VII.-1
J'irmin,MaJ.P., 1~4;9,9, VIII-J:.2

Fi-dler,Ko.j.ll.A.;I-4;5~V-2

Ent;1iah. Dr. s. G., t -ltc 7

~bachcr,Dr ~-llt
11$au.; Dr. Abraha."!l, I-l l~
k c:henbre nner, Dl".A .. B., I-7
~Qhbach,Dr. o. Ii., i-4: 2

Estabrook,E.B I-9

r11:che:r,~. 1~14, vu... 2

l1'1ishe;r ,ll. E u ~

l\.'urld.n,Lt. lM\4ard I-14

Finhex-,Maj.R.Ji... , I ...14
Fhk,Dr .J.li. t-14

F.s terltnc,Ea,VIIX-2

EVans,imj.J. w. JI-5)
Evt:Jls,zt.M., IV-ti

ETMs,Col~Sylvester

B'vans~Dr.T.C.,I-7

Ftste~re,J.,Jr.,VII-l

M.;I-13

Fisd.et,F.,VIII-2

Flammersfeld~Dr.,l-14

Fla:nage.n 1 :1-J.U 1

Eva.ns,Ml!J. !l'hoa.t!. ,Jr., VI

Flan~an,Prior and Lenzi..c, IV-4

l'1WiEU7 1R. L. 9-V -6

)Jv'ereti,nr.~.o.,1-4i7
EwU1g,s~n.,xv~6

Fland.ers,:P.A., VII!-2

Fleck, :m.u.,vn-1

ll"leischer,Dr..D.,I-4H2
Feey,Che.rleo I-4;7

Fl eischmo:nn,PI'of .,Rudolf, I-14

FalUne;e,Dr I-lli

Fleming,Denna lt. ,I-4;7

Flick, Ce.p t.John, I-4: 6

lbill~,G.,!-4;3,7,11-2

Farine.,Oapt. w .1~. t VIlI-2

l!'ar:",n. v vn-1

Farrell Q.. E., 1...10

.
.
F'a.rrell.-Brig. CJ.en.; T.I'., I-4.:6 1 ~- :7 .lti,

1v..1,v1u-2,3:g

l!'lowers,r~t.H. C., I-11+

Flugge,Dr. Eiegfdecl 1 I-14
P'lrnn,J.. J . 'VIII-): 7 .
lf'Qgg ,tt. W.A., I-11{
Foladere,Jos., VIII-3:2

c ;

\t._,) .

0(1)7

kESJ~
Ni ... \ VAfl
ATOl.V:C
U"~~C."'_..-.,

-:

~.----:r-,;r~--..-~- ----

: .,,,...";"_-;:

-~-,.~_,_._,.

..,._-:_ ,.. ..

7.""~ ~......,--.-- ~-

..----_-,..-.- " '"'..,_-...~,"

0

.,,_,~,.,,

."-.-.
- T."_,._,.,..,..,.,-~ "-;- . ..,..,.._,._,.~,_ ___,_,..._

- --;~

Y ACT ) 94C

-...-:: ,. .. ~~,,.,,.:~---.-

G--418.u,Lt.~.J., I-14
Galla.her 1 R . )~ ., I-10

Yoley,Melvin,VIII-2
:ifolt:r.~l:it. W. D- r.... 14
lfotbc ~ ,:re. C., VH-1
Ford 1 J.O.,V5
Forkfier,Lt .T.F~, I-14

G~lloway~c.,VIII-2

Ga.ru1,D;.M . tn ... 2

Gardn~f;Loris,VIII-2
Gt..rdno~,TreYor,VIIr-3:2

Forney,Col.G.J.,t.I-5,6,v-1
Forrcn~,Oat,t.c.u.,VIIt-1

Garner-,c.s., VIII-2
G-al;'y, 1'. C., li-3, I II IV-2II, J, 6
Gaskill, Doan ~n., I-4:11, VII-1

ll'o;r-sythe., Harry; I V-4

Fo;rEytlle ~ w. ,vui .. 3;7
)'Qrdne.!J!/Sgt.F VIU-2
.FQs. ter Ool. Hc.r:ry ~ 15

Gee,Col.R.C., VUi-l,2,3H~

Fowler,J.A. 1 VIII-2

Generow.,R. l?. , IV-5

Genteii,G. ,.II-5 .

Cee.ry.,, Lt.n.r~., 1-1~

Geer.v ,MaJ ,.B.-n .-vu:t-1

Fo~ter,Dr.Ric.h.ard,I-411.7
i"owler,G- .A .. VIlI2.3;S

Ycwler,:Or. W ~A .1 VIll-3:2
Fo~ 1 Lt. Col.M... C., V-6, V~
Franci1,C.t-.... VIi:I-2

Gentnet,Dr. Wolfgang,t-14
George,A,.,IV-6

Fra..Qkel,A.,VlI-1
rx~el . ,s.P., VUl-2
Fraser,Lt.Coi.,H.R.,tI-5

Gercw 1 Lt.C.K.,Vl

George~DlA.rcy;VlI-2

GeoJ"ge, Col. Warren, X-1'~, U-4

Frwck,Dr.,.T.,l-4:4.4:7
~~ 1 Lt.E.:O., l-7

G:erlaeh,?l'~t. Walt.her .J-l~

l'reneh,A.P., vtu-2
t;-encll.,Cati,v11-1

Giauq.ue, W'.F. ,VUI-2

Gi.f :f'elt,1t.F., V1Il-3s 4

Fr1edell 1 ~t.Ccl.R.t.,I-4;3,4:6,

Glles.L~. Gen.B.M.

1. v1u-3:4

,vzn-:s:s

G1llet1e.VASJ.F.M. IV-5
Giilette, Haj.K1rby H. 1 1~14

Fr5.edtanaer 1 0., VlII-2

Gilman.1 Frof .llenry, l-4,:14

Friley,Dr.C.E I4:ll

G1nns,r.D. W.,I-49

Fris:;ch,0.11., VUl-2
li'ritz,K. W.,lll ,

G1ordan1,D.r. ;Il4

Glasn,:E.R.,VIII-3:7

Frol1ch.Lt.Col.A.J., VIU-3:6

Glovet' ,2(a.J. !t'hoa. V-6

Goeri.ng,Rei~haxnar:shall Ilerma.n,I-14

FrolllAll,Dr.D.arol 1 II-5,VIII-2
il'Ol!iau,Mrt.Pa.rol,VIII-1
Frost,ll.E.,VIII3t4
Fry,Lt.:B.M.,l-14
Fuch.i,K., U-3, VIII-2
fiJgard.Capt.J.R.,II-5
Fulbright,n.w.,v11x-2
.Fuller,Norm&n

x.,u-2

Gessl~r.1...
Gherard.i~Dr.:a.,x-1

Goldsmith,A.M.,1-9

Gol<lsietz+, E., n ... 2

c.told-stein,L., VIU-2

Goruez,Zlf~&o,VIII-i
GonzaieE,lion~Alb~rt ~.iVIII-l
Goodlll an ,'.Dl>.Cla~k,YlI-2

G.,rv-4,6

iulmer,Dr.E.l.,I-4:11
Ful. ton.Hugh, I-4: L .

Good.man ~/3 W VIII-2

li'ul'"e1', RtJ!il:' . Adlu.J .A., I-14, VU I-Jc 2

~'urnw.n,Dl.'.N.H.,~-2tVIl-l

Gore,001.,v1u-3;9
Gorine, ra. o. E., I-4: 6

ii'urney,Ca:pt.Huss ell Ii. ,I-14

~'usse11,r,. ,J1., VIII-2

Goshor.n.,P&\ll,I-5

Goodp&i:i tur ,l>ean F...rnes t, 1.. 4; 10

G~rdon,Dr.Lincoln,I-4:7

l\ulld1ouser ,Pro! .. '\':. D., l-4: lO

~'urman,M~j.R.R.,I-~26,14

Gorne.ll,Me,J.R. ll'., IV-5

Gou.demi t,lJr. s.1. . , I-1~

()
C(l)B

=::mo;=-=-=

~-;::a
-

,,.;..__~"""""""-"---...:..

~~,..,...,.-~-;:::!...::....::.::==~~::=:::::.-:;:::;:.::;-::::;~=

SECU . ~ .. !

- ~T

t .

,..,,

)
Grace,Ricb.e.rd, ~V-LJ
GrM.,J .A. 1 l-V.:..6
Gra.sf ,R.
VIIIl

Gu.nter,~hurmrui . V !II-l

GU)'i.nski D. 11. , VII i-2 .

Gurley,M.lt., VIU-l

W
.,

Gus t avson,Dr. R. 4.,I-4: 2

Gvsm.t?
If
Dr
' I-14

G-1"8.f~on,. Oa.pt.J. ~., IV-2!

Gre.ham,Dr.F.P.,I-4110
Gr~m,T.,II-1,2

Granth?Jn.:t-veret M., VUI-1

Grav~s,A.,VIII-2

Gray.o.F.,X-4:11

H~,a., VIU3: .3

Gr~y,F.arvey,I-10

Hegeman, Ce.pt.'/.'.

He.dloek,Ms.J. Canfield, I-14, v-6, VII-1

o., I-4: 6 1 VIII-1, 2.

Grey~O. W u ...5

tlaeman,R.o.,1v-5,6

(treager,Maj. O.a'.., IV-21 I,6, VII-1

Ita.t;gerson, F. tt.,Il-5
Hahn,Pfot.Otto,1-14,u...1,2,xv-1,21

Green,C~E.,VIII2

Green, H.F., V-lt

Greenberg,H.,VIII-);7

lialey,Capt.Jas. W.,I-14

Greene,Prigcille,VIII-1

Halif~,Ea.rl;I-1

Balba.n,Dr.H. I-14.4:9

Greene., ,foel, I-lH 6

Greentn,g,H.~,.v1xr-3,s

itall,Da.vi.d , VlII-2

Hell.,Herbert,VIU3:g

G-1."ens 1eiii,Maj. Hold,V1II-3: 1

nall~C&p t. lioward

0reenwalt 1 C.H.,II-3iIV-6.VIII-2

F.,1-14

Ke.m, Ma.1 . n..c., 1...14

Hrun11 ton,Jos .. G .-1-413, 7, VIU-J:S

Gteenwood..,.A.. i.r., l-4: b

Grefe,11'. w. ivru-1
Gregg, L~. W P., 1..1~-

Hl;;mmel,E.F.,VIU-2

..

Htm.unctt, Dr.t.P., v;i:u-J: 9

Gr~or, ,tt~ Ool,R. c. ,I!-3

Gre1fer.,Ae.ron, v111-3; 3

Hamm~,R.W.,VIII-2

il~"]?h1' 1e o , ThUrO~tI-4~ 6
liancoe;k,_J.M. , J-lH 7
Hendley,
vn-2

G~etse~,K Vt!I-2

Grei-Jnger, I-4: 9

n.1:.,

a-.-.e:;:tin&er,A.:B. ilV-6

Rene., ~lilbur, VIII-2

Rantg,M., vui-. )s 7

Gr1er,Herbert E v111-3:9

Q:rilH. 1 E.R. 1 Vlil-J~3

aannt~ ck,J.;U-5

Gr1!zell 1 Cei>t.R.A.,I-14

Gron~llleFer,F.G., VIll-3i 14Grooms,Lt.J .~., I-14

Ha..'i.son,:B. F., IV-6

lieJlson,Qapt.E.1'. 1 tTSN, VUI-3: 2

Gross,c.n xv-5,6

Iia.re ,R., tV-6

Iforgrsve, v-6

Oro ii s, Lt. IUl ton,U'SM, I-13

Groa!,Prof.Pe.ul M. ,X-4;10

G~oth,.Dr.W.,I-14

G-~otJe.n,,Ca.pt.L.L.

;II-2
Grovea,M~J.Gen.L.R.,1-1,4:1,4;3,~;4,

4;5,4:6,4:7,4:9,4:12,4:13,4tl4,5,

7,8,9,10,12,13t14,II-l,3t4,5,I~J,

Haring,Dr.K.~.,VIII-3:4
Her-kin.gt, Dr. V_f. D. I-4: 11~, U-2
lie..rlt~, R.H.,I-6
&rm&n.,Ool.J .l~. 1 1..-5, VUI-1,2
H.armon,Jemes, VIU-l .
Harmcn,K.M.,VII~-2

iv-1,21,2xx,4,,,6,v-1,2,3,5,6,v1, Harroon,CWO R.C.,VIII-1

Vll-2,Vlil-l,2,3&1,3:4,3:5,3:7,3;6, li1J..rms, ~/3 D., VIU2

Guar1n,Ma j.Paul L., VII-2

Guilfoyle, Lt. 'l\ D. 1 I-11~
Gunu,Dr.R.,I-4;12,4:1~

I:- l4-

Gunnes,n.c.,vx11-3:7

Harned.Prof.H.S.,t-4:14,VII-1
3:9,
5
2.> ~
Earris,L.J.,IV-5

Herns,R.I.,!V-6
lla.rri8on,Geok;t-4;13 .

;/

0(1)9

---~-

--.--..-v-..,. ......- -;------- .,.....,

----:~---

=----..t-- _':. ___ . .

~--

..... _1. _ _(_";1,1'.,

~[ ~

SEC::'A'P--lllUFFFOPJ!ATIO!{

~HU~~ E

lilll,Dr.A.,V~I:-1

Hs:rrhon..Dr.G.n vu-1

Hi_ll,C.F. v-5

fuil".d .eon, nr. w.ti., I-1.i~lt?

Ee.r~,Ma.1.Gen.G.T.,VIII-1

PJ.ll, ~fo.t_hr.n,iel I x-4-~ 6

fi).li~Gap-t .. :a.
11-3, v-4, Vl Il-2

Hnrt,Lt.H. S., I-14

Harteok,-P.1-or.P. ,I-14

liinch.9\im.H. i VIU-2 .

Ha rshaw, W.J. VU-1

c.,

Il~,G~ E~: ,1v-5

l!irschtelder .r.o.,VIII-2.J:S,3:9
Hitehcock,Lt~G. E.,1-14 '

Hartman, \i. C., II"'.'"5

HaTtridge,A.L.,Ill

H! t~e11,J .L., vrn-~

Hochwalt,Dr.C.A., VIIl-): 4
lfodg(), Dr. liar.o ld, t- 7
Hodges,'Lt. G:. H., lt-14

li~rtwig ~Dr. ,1~i4

Hastings.A.D.,I-4:3
Hatch,_ S erio. to~

Carl; V:UI-1~ Jz$

Hauets~n.B.-R. t VIII-Jt9

Ho(lgeon,Qol.John

Hauth. l{. E., U~5

Haupt,_t. ,xv-5

Ha.Ven, Dr .FJ,"o.ne1 s, l-7

Heck:ert:Pr.J.c.,V-6

llol~~s, A ..

ileeker, c~t.-lt.L._. Y.I l-l

. ' '

llo1t,Dr.li6.:rol~.l-7

nott_.r.w.:a1-7

._:e., 1:..Jt:12,1:;

no1~04~nr. w
Bood,c._ :s.~. vt

lielmhQltz.L.,VItI-2
He.,11pelmennD?i.L. R., VX!I...;l, 2
Hende~spn, n.., l1 . 1 VIU-g,3:~

iQ_o~P.rp_,

n-3: 3
,r. J. , V.lt 1-2

liot;>k~ey, l!. ]l . /nu ...;::;

tioo<Ver. cr. a .0.,1~1

lioaver Vice' Mm. J. H. VI n-;: g

Hopkins, H. s. I II
R.oppe,x: ,Lt. ~r'. P.; VII t-2

aenningsen, :E.V.,tv...6

liensen,J .R., 1-6

Heniphaw, Dr .P. :s.. , I-4: 6

liora.n.Oe.pt.John A.,l-14

Hensley,J~ w.,1~11

i!Ot'ine~Rosella., VIII~}~ 3
Hom'i)e;i:-geX';cu1.1-4;6
Horowit~,L~.J..J VtII-l

Hetb.R.G.,VIIl-2

Re~sey,John,I-4~6
Hertel,Prof.K.~.,I-4110

l!ossfeid., ~ t. Cn;-lt. ~aymond l '., l-13

l!ostetter,G~ M. ,1-11

liougli, Ma.J ~~enjami~, 1-12, n ... 2. V-3

Hertz,G.,II-2

.14., 1~ 7

He$to.h , :or .. W

liewe tt,-.Bri.g. Gen. IIobs.rt, VIIl~ 3;!5

Reyd,J. W. VlII-}14
.
Re~~den'berg, 1? .P., VIII-2
Hi by ,Dr., I.;.14-

Hough\on,B. i VUi-2

Hou.ston,G.o.,xv-6

llous~on; tt.ll. o. ,I-11~

H'.fi;ginbc th&lil, W. A., VI I!-2

Rightowsr. L. E. ,VlII-2
H11oerry , Dr.Norm8J1.I4:~. 4 :13,IV-l 1

21, 6

n. 'VII-1

ijol,mquist,V .'R., l V".'"6

Refli,);l., CoI_;~yu I- 3; 9
llei1p_e rn 1 faj.Bert H. ,15
Rei. senberg, Prof .werner, I-14

xv-5

s .,~-12

Hoeeker,Dr .. . 1...:14

lio!f~,iJr.:J.I,. 1 1-4;12 VIII-2

Epgnes~ 9 ili:'. ~.!(. i I-4: 4. fu9, ll; 13._14,
i v... 2x. .
Holde~ ,tt .fihornton :F., USN I-13
fioltfield.,R~p .Che t, Vt:u ...31 g
Hol~e.de,1 1 _J "'-, V.II-:1
Ho~lend,L~ .. .a. a. xt4
&>llowezy:; M. <t. 1 VIII~2,3: S,J: 9

flawk1ns,D. ,VUI-2
Hawktns.L.'.G., VU!-2
liadeJ:l1 Lt .A. S., ~-9
lieyee .. ca;pt .Arth'lll" J .,;t-14
~d, C.aJ>t. J. T. ttS1JlVIII- J; 2
l!earon. Capt. W.M., VII-1

Henn~,A~,r,~ ,..u-2
~ennill{t, c .o

Ho'\l.termo.ns,Pror.,I-14
Hovde,Dr. F.L.,VtII-3:2

liow~d,John' B.,14:7
Howa.rd 1 Dr.r~ .n. V-4

C\1)10

SEQil

Jackso~, L t. R . C., I-14

Howe.c. D 1-1
Howe.J. P rv.-6

Jacobs; S.J.~YIII-3t9

n:r..

J a.co bson,
Leon J-7
Jacobson, D~.toUiG 1 1;_7
J a.cobson,Dr.L. o.; 1..-lH 9, l+;l3

Howland,Lt.J~ w .,1~4:6,7

Howson,tt.Chas.,I-13
Hort,, F.C H-5. VIII-2
Royt,.ltenry. VUI-2

Ja,ffe,O&p t~L.; I-7 .

Jnmenon, Ca.pt.tloyd,I-7

Rubbard,,D.o.,I!-5

Jans en, Dr..,I-'.l.4

Hubbard,J. l~., VIIl-2

Jefferies, za;v,, I-4; ) 1 4; 7

Jen1ke,Oapt. W.l'., VIII-1
J enkin,s fa. p. , v:..4 .

Huber, A.P. U-5

Eiuene~Lt. T.j"., VtII-1

Huep e.r 1 l,taJ. Gen. :a. P. I-5

Huf'f'ines.R,A., VIII-2 .
Hu.ff1nan, D~.,,...
I-4; 9

Jenniti.gs ,Hon.JohD.,Jr.,l-10

R. ,

jepsop..tt, Mor.r'ii;, V III~2

Jerrems,A. s., VUI ... 3;S

Ru.ffman,J. W.,I-4:4
Hughes,A.t.,VIIJ-2

Jett, Lt. s . K.'; I-14

~ett~ 1 E,n . Vt'II~21 ?'-4
J ewe-&t,Dr. F.:a., I-L1--3 1 I-l
.Johannesaou., Maj .. R. E 1-lli-t I I-5
Johns,Dr.I.B.,I~4~ll 1 VI:U-2

Hughee,Jas ... vut-2

V.,

Hughiet L,t . E,
VIII-1
Huisking Lt. _\f. \!. , I-14
Hull, ~J .A. c Jr v1u ...2

JohnQon 1 Lt.Ool. A.C.,I.-9, V-4. VIII-J:2,

Hull, Dr,D.c v...6

3t3

Hu.11,D.:E ., II-5

'

Johnoon,.Albin ~., I-4: 7

Ru.tl,Dr. E.L.,V-~
u,l~l.it. J. l.I,, ~"!1 l1.
Hem.es, w.!3. ,1.1...!)

Jcbnson, A. :li.,VIII-Z
Jobnson,Lt.C.L.,I-.l4

Hutchias,Chiricellor Robt . M .,I~4:2

.Hutch.i,nson,f;it. Ool .. w. s. ,I-4;5, 4:7

Jobn~on.,T.t. Henry.USll,I-l .3

Jo~seo. C. M. I'-1.2
.tohll~on, ~.A. iI I-3

fiu.ssey,Rear Adm.G.F.,VIU-3:2,3:8

John ton, Gap t. lt.'rr. V:i; II- Jc6

J ohnson, Dr .J . ~ ., ~ ...14

Hutchi son,C. A.,VIII-317

Johnson,C:a;p t.L. :YJ., I-14, IV-5, I- 14 53

J"olmscn.,n.. ~; . ,'VUl-3.:l
John eon, Dr. w. c. I~4: 5, IV-2II

lhwe, Dr.,I-14

Johnr;.on,:Lt. Wrn.a. 1-11

lmrie9V.aJ. M.athew, VllI-l

J ohnston, ?roi.a. L., VIIl-2, 3; 3

Ingham,Siclney,VItl - 2
U.ighram, M.(}., vru-3: 7~ 3: 9

Jol1ot,Prof.F., ~-14, I V-1, VIII-2

Jenes 1 E.Ii. ,II-4

. Inglisa,D.n. 'VIII-2

Ingraharu,Henrr

' f;JFORMATIOH

Joneo,!f. E., U-4

G.,~-4;7

Jones/.A. ,IU

Ireland.. Ca.pt.J. D., V-2

!rvine,Dr.J ohn w., I-4:7
Irwinr,, w..1v-2u
lwe.s e,J4,, I-14

Jones. Maj. T.-(l. X..;14

Jones ~ T.R.,Vl ! I-3:7
Joneo,Viesl e~~ M. YUI-3: 3
Jorgenr;en, T ~A.,Vlll-2

,Tor!s,G.o. ,II-2

Jud.1;wrL,c. H., vrn-3; 7

Junkin, A. v., n-L~

Jacksou,Lt.Col.,Geo.A., 1-6

.Junod, Dr., 1-lu6

Justi,Dr. ,I-i4

.r ackson, M&j.Joseph J. ,I-14

.Jackson, LeRoy , i-12

C; (l)ll

. - -.. :---~--

--1"" ____ :"'_, _____ "'!" . - -

.,..,..,-r ...... ~--

-,.--...-~--

-r ~ ..~- ~--- .... ~

~,,.,..-~'9'7.- . -----....-- -- - ..... ---

SECIGTmiilit'iiil#ORMATl CiN

ill~'i

\:} /

Kinzel, Dr. A.. :B . , I-4:7

Ka(\l 'e c,:Lt. Ocl. ll,.R., IV-5

Kt:i.ffJtitirl,. Cind.r. D. L vII I- 3: 8
Kahti;f4iiton VU~-.3:.9

~lpp ,I6

Kirdme;r: ;l?rof .''. F., t-ll.i

tzirlana.li, Oe,p .t . R. w
., 1~1a 7, i4.v1u-3: 2
leirkpatrtck,Ool. E. :m 1... 4:3,u-5,

Ka:tichrnt.n, :m.,vui-3:7
vu1 ..3c_9

1CaJ!i$n,l~ tin.

i1I!~2 ,3J4

~er.ri~ . Ad.olph:,1~7

K~l ,Ca.:pt. OH:,t~~ce L. I-4:7, VU1-3U

Kasn~r. :Cpl. ,I-4r6
Ka.$p~; c.o l. n.J.
3; 4

vux...

Kil"61aen'bSum,t..D. VIII-3:7
Kirsne~b~wn ; :iJJ.'.
VXU~J4 7

x:

Kistia:kowak1,G. E.,V~Il-2I-1,VlII-3c9

1':ay.w.-o 1v-2u 1 6

Kl:aproth .. ~4 H v~z.;.1

K.eeier,Leon~de,V-6
iteh1 1
,vn 1-~
lt~oe.,R. A.~. YIIt...;:h4
Kei~er , MaJ ~ FAt.bert,. VU-2
Kei
~1-5
Keller,Johil ~~IU-2

Y.J.aw
Abel
l6
'
t
.. '

KeartoA,C. F XI-3

Klar!iuist. r.:enneth, t-l)

0.L.

Kline 1 S. A.: ;Vl ll-2

.n.

tb.r. o

M
., 1....4-;U, VIU-2

Kellq,r.,t. n.n. ,1-14

u ...

}U()ssp.er ,Mi)
11. 5
~owles, Col:. Mi,les ,1 ... 1.J, j l

Xnudeen. H. T. , I-6
ltoen1g,O_.(r x-6 .
Xoeeter,G. A. / V!!I-J:S
Kohl,Dr., Ill}
l(onopinski"E.J vt,U.. 2

Itelle;r-,Joe .

leell.eyArnl(ihd..!I VIII-a
Kelley;t>~ .R.-:E~ VIU3t4

'

O.ein,A. C. , V-1,. 3
Klemm. D~ . -,, lo:<l 4

Kelley, L~ .Qol~ Wilbtlr .l~ t-4i7 ,12,

v...1,2.,3.4.6,VI.t -l

Kopfe~,Pr-of., l.i4
X:opp , M. wVIU.-); 7

x.e'.i.l.ou~J. H.:S VUt-2

Kore.nd.e.;L1; . H~o.1 -1 4
1'ott;hi~,Dr X..;.l.4

Ke11,,v. N.,t-11

Kellt~J(>i.A.,Vll-1

~end_El.ll Dl". I-4:14

l!~,1 'Lt 6 cl. ,~enu.c:u.
, .. eAe -" t l - ,- h
Y..en~edy,Dr.Qos . w.,1-4;3,1v-1,2x,

K:oski, W. V?U-2

14

t.-1
T "'l' f
A.0 '"'"l".
.. <e. s.
.... ~
;/J,1' . ~ ... "" ~""'

'L'

Kr.1;Wier,1~. G 1:c ...

Krall.t'!,f:rot\ , 1~41_14

v1u-2. 3; 3,3:4

'

.Kent,R. t3c'l.t VU-1

Kre'1'a,teh, W._B. n-~5

Kers i.D~w~.VIII-2

K"'rshaWIStanley,V!Il-1,2

Kron,Dr.G.E_. 1 VUl-3C2
Y.i-ous,c .e. .:, V-1

Kilgore .r::e~~ Harley M

.,I.-4:1
Killou,gh,:L~~R.
I-14
Kilpatrick,nr.M.,v"III~3:7

KUlul,,Prof.PJ.chard,l. 14 .
Xu;pf~J<1ler~, '33/Sgt. G.; VI1I.,.2
ltti.rpka,1 1.r,. 9VIII-3; 7

Xibnick,1:... vu:x-:;: 7

Kr~er,

s.,

Kurtz,A.. ; Vltr-3:~7

Xing,J.AniiJ"cl. B.J., IV-5,Vl,. VUI-2, Jr 8

K1ng;Dr ~ E~'4..;,I-lH3
Ki,ng~ Capt.J , A. I-ll~
Rln.z.cap~~?" .a~ ,Ill

l\yl e, Col . w.n . ,I~lu 13

Ktngj,L. D .f., VlU-2,3: 9

Ki.og,Lt. ti. A. ,I-l)l
Ki.qg,Pr:i,ce lUnhte:r w.L.McKenzie,
14-~-:

LW31tie 1 G7,.lbert J VU-l

~eCro~:r- 1 C.t\l. JN11er; 11., I-5

La1l,G.o 1v-1 1 6
La,mie,R. S~, '\ff

Kingdou.D~ .K.R.,I-4~14,V-2

Kinse~ , n.. !>

w.c. VJIJl,.2

n:-5

Lnnclliw. ,T.~ VItI~3;8

O(l)l.2

...

..

..,.~-..,.,-.-~~-~---~- ~----:---- -----~~ -- - ...- -

--....~-r7~.._;-~~~'

.' ...

-:-.,,:---

___

..,._.....,.~-------: ----- _,......, ---.~-""!--.,......,-~~..--:-

- :...

SEC 9
.- .{1',.TXGH

CGeri'.i[@@TiA1 fi D
})tmd.rwn_. c~ u rv-J.t.
Le.n.dshoff ,R.t'\rIII-2
Lane. ,Cm~.Donald E- I-13
Lane,Dr.J. A.; 1-14

Le,llgan 1 E.f. ,I-~

Langer,L., vur-2

Leng:liam,Dt. Wright,VUI-2
LEi.nnon,Lt.J.J.,1-14
Lansds.le.,Qol. John,Jr., I-14
Large Os.pt., VIU-2 .
L~gey.J.R. ,It-5
har~\!"Horovitz.VIII-3:9

L~rk~ii,Ca.pt. R. A.,VIIX-2

IJ1 b'by ~Dr. vt.F. I-4; 5;n-2

Ltbe.ratore,L.o.,v1u-3:7
,
Irilienthal,Di;.vJ,dJ; ... 4;2,4:7 \
Lina:res,li., IV-.6

L~~colo,.Brig.Gen .G.A, VIU-3:8

Lindelnanfi,Dr.F.,A., r-4:14
L1ndsa.y:1 i TfJ.l'.iklin A. t .. 4:7

Linschi tz, H., VU:l-2

Lipldn, David, VUI-2
Lhter,Gordon I' .,I-13

'Ltttle, X/3 F.L.,VIU-2

t1 ttle, NoJ-man M. ,IV-4

Laude.r , D. H. ,1v-1,6
Lauri ts.e n, Dr. O.. C., VlII-2 1 3i 2

Livlngs~.o~.oap~.Cl~e,I-9
Livi~ston,D .o. VIU-2 Livingston,Prof'. M. S., I-4l 2

La.urit.son,Dr.T.,VIII-3;2

L.e.u.tens1ser, Mu.rice,V.UI-3:3

',,

L1nQva11.Dr. F.C. 1 VII~3;2

Lin~berger Dr.G .A.., VIU-3:8

Lrlrkin,T/Sgt. W., YIU-2

Larsen~ li:. f!!., VIU-3:4
Ls.r~on.~. Dr.C, E. v-6

Littler.n.J. ,V.tn ... z

Llewellln,Col.J.J.,l-1
LOckhart.,o.c l.V-6

Le.vender,Cs.:pt . Robt.A USR .. I-13

Loekr1dge,Lt. Col. P.. w VIII-2,311, .
Lawrence, Dr. 1. P. I-4: 5, ~-z 7,4J12. 4:13,
3;6, )J 9
1v~1,v-1,2 1 3
.'
Lofetn,.ur.,y-3
Lawrence, w.L. I-6
Lokiet.r. .. ~.. .$. ,v.u -1
Lawson,Philtp 1 V.UI-Z
Long,'E.A. ,vux-2
(
Le-aey,)4aJ.P.C. ,vu..1
Long,Jt.E. 'Vll..l
Lea.by ,I.it. ~'. R., I ....14
Longsworth, Dr.L. G., I-4:1.4/

Leal::cy',Adm. W.D.,VIII-3:S

LoO.mi.6,Dr.F. w.,i-4:2

Lee,C. ll. 1 VXU-3:1

LoomJ,.e,R.~., VlU.- 2

I.ee,l:'Q~:t.!-1Jl El"d E ... J.-14

tci-renz,Pt. E. ,1 .. 7
Lovejoy, V-6

Lehr,n. M VIII-J.;S
Lehy,Lt. Robt.J u.s;rr.~-13, VUI-2
Lei h,F.J. ,Jr VIII-3&4 .
LeMay; MSJ.Gon. C. ~., VIU-2, 3, g,3;9
L(mzie (]'lanegan,r"'rior ~d. ),XV-4

Lubeck. w. A.
Lult:e. M:eJ .O.D II-5
Lma.Dr.J.H. ~~4s4,1v ...2u, VIU-3:4
Lynch, E.R.., V-4
Lyon,capt.G.M.,US!l'. ,VIIt-3:8

Lemon.s,J. F VIII-2
Leonard, Oapt.Geo. :a., I-11~

Lyst~:r. T

Le~go, Dr.cnristopher,I-7

.Leonar-d,Robt.,I-4: 6
Lesco,Dr~Herman,I-7

Leverett, M.C.,VIII-3:4.4: 4
Levin,A.A.,VII-1
r.evin, s. VIII-3: 7
Levine,Phil,I-4: 6

Le~s,Dr. W. K., I-1,4: 2.l-1-:4, U-3, Ill,

VIII-.2

C
\'.:_ :.

Lord, Capt. W. W.; l-12 1 V)

Let!t 1L. D., VIU ...2

Lefle r .B.:R., VIU-1

Lowe~!~tg.Gen.rr~.1~4;1

x-6

.t. n. '11-5

Ct'' L '.~iDEf JliJ\'9;'?9

1

MacCreedy,W.~.,IV-6

Matthews,R. VIU-2

Matthias, Col. ~1. T .,.X-4:1, IV-1, 5

MacDouga.11,V.r.D.P VIU:-3~9
Ma.chen_,A V!Il-2. 3:.6. 3;S
Macinnea.Dr.DuncM,I-4:14

M~tto::r. S~t.4"mne$, VIII-1

May,A.I., V~U-3~9
,l...;14

Mack.E .,Jr 1r-2

Mey.Lt.J~P.

Mack,J.E.,VIlI-2

V.a.cKenzle, Pean, C.J., I-1, 4:9

Mc.A.drun,Lt.R..Q.,I-14

MacJr..ey,13.H., IV-6

. Mc:l;lee,E.\l'., V-1 .

l4aekie,F.H.,XV-2II,5

Mc0tarthy,E.C.tVit1-)t4

M~eod,W.J.,i-6
MacWood, ])r. 1 VtJ:X ... 3=3

McCasldll,Lt .i;;.A,, ll4

McOeu,lay,D.A. VIII-J:7

Yiakin11;R~get, J-4:13

V.anlE?.nt.John

MoClen.."ll:um, C~pt.lfoD.ey
~cClo7,Johri. J.,r-4:7

I. 1 I-4:6,14

McComb,W!ll.B..,f...8

McCord, w.o VUl":"3SS

M~Go~l!lack-.Ja.m~s M.. 1 I-6

McCormack,Rf.lp.John W.,I-4;1
Mt:Cormj,ek;C~pt.J' .D., I I.;.}

.
a., J-4& 5. vu~-2, 3~ 9

Mansfj.~ld 1 Col.lI. W. t 'VlII-J;S

11'8.llv~el., .r .1.. , V-5

ll..a.ples,Chlf ii.t., r-12

.1'. ,Jr., :u-3

McCUllol,lgh, Dr. C.
I.;~,; 4, 4: 7
f.tr::Co~i~k, Maj. J

:e.,

McCe.s.w J~ VII-1
f:ieDaniel.Dr.P.W.,I4:lO

Mcne;-mott,t.t. E .P. USN, I-9

McDone.ldDr.Ellice,l-7
~cllonald 1 f.R. ,iv-5 .
MeG-avoak,Ma.j.J.:a:.,VIIl-1

VliU"den,Dr.J. w. iVU-1
Me.r:k, Carsou., VUI-2

Ma.J-let, w.o.,vzrx-a

Ma.rsden,Ool.E.a.,1-5,6,IV-6

HcE;~e,J .1!'., VJ!~t

l~eden, N. B. , t-11
Nars~,tt.Harpld,I-14

Mc.Kee,ll.E.; V~Il-l,-2

Mersliak1 R. 1 VIII..;.2
Ma.rshali,D.q.,VIlI-2
Marsha.ll,Gen.Geo.O.,t-1,4:1,IV.-l

r- 14- si.
rv~1.2~.v..2,4,6.vu~1
Marsbali, s. VIU:--2
l>far'tel .J:,, l'. ~iv...z:H
vnr-3:~,

V.:arshallO()l.J .c., 1-1 11 5, II-!},l'U,

Mcleenzie,J.G.,I-10

McK~nde~Cap~.a., VXI-1

MeE:eon,FJ.-ancig D.,v-3,v1u-3;4
McK1b'ben,J.L Vllt2 .
MeRJnley,}}i.aJ .t.n. ,xv-21,vn-1
McK.!lll)ey,MaJ.nusnell L.,I-14

MeYi.n.e1ghhS.A. ,1.V~

Mdteod 1 Capi.R.J., Il4

MeMahon,senat.ox- Br!eII., Vlll-3 S

V.ar~1n;D~ s. ,v~u-2
~.<.rtin~lie,p .;t. W. ,Jr., I-l}: l

J.fo?UllW.1, ~r.E. tJ.. I ~V-1, ZI. VIU-2, ): 3. 3:

J~eM.u.llen.,Lt. Wm.E. ,1-14
McNally,, Dr.J.G-. 'V-6

Mast1clc 1 ii;n.s.D. VUI-2, 3; g

Mateer, W. D., V.U-2
liathe,l~.RoQt.E., I-14
Mather; Jas, VUI- 3r 7
Mat ts.uch, Dr. , 1-111Ma t~hews, Lt. Col. Cl~de, I-41 G

( :-_)

McCauley, Ce.pt. W.R., 1-5

Madey,J ~R. Ilt

Rad.ig~, Lt. A. RJ-14
V;.E\dol"~lW, Dr. s.t.., I-4;11~

Viagee,J.L v1n-2,Ji8
Y.agu!:re.r..i.J .J l-14
Mahon.; Rep.Gee.B. ,I-4:l.
V.ehone1 ,t~.J .R.,. x-14
Vd'41der 1 J .x. ,lVb

M~urer,Dr.W~rneX',Xl.4

McNierney, w.L.,VIII-2
McVeigh, T. l?'., II-4

Mea.d,Sen.Jas.H. I-ti: 1

Means,N.G.,Il-5

Mears, Capt. B.J., I-7

C(1)14

-:-_: ....

~~- -

. .,.

- - --. -

SECWI!

MeQ.er, Cap t. Jos. Ir. , I-11~

1'
i ~r...G ~
,.e
Ji. ; I.'\,)..-r-
,
N.e ~e; s 1 Dougl a s F.,r-&
M(!ikle, G. Stanley~ VUI- 3: 9
Meinte,Capt.Raiph, VIII-3.: 4
Menge.rtnk, Maj.O. E. VU! .. 3il

Mot-an 1 haj.J .J.; U-l,3i5

lfotge.n.Oapt.A. M. 9 USH, VIII-): $

Mo rgan., El mo, VI H-1
MargQ.n,t'r.e d, I-10

Menke, capt~ B.

Mor_gen. J . ,l-6

Morgan,nr.h.Z.,l-7

w., .1 -14.vu-1

Morrell,Oapt. w.r.,xv-.6

Horr:S.so.n,Dr. Phtlip,t-4:4,4;6, 4:7,

Mene:er.,Dr., I-14

H err~ tt.,MaJ.P .L. VII-1

141 II-5, VIl ~-2

Horri2 s ey,G1:to. ~.

Retcel.!~Col. Rerbert E I-13

Metcalf~ Capt. Rogel;', I.-7

HQrse,Dr.J?. >t.,1-4s2

M.etz,Cha.6. F.,VIIl~2

Motn.e,Os.pt. R. D., VlI-l

M et~ger,~t.D. A .,~-14

n-1

~.OSAier,R. W.,Vlil~3i4
Motichko~~/$gt.L., VU I .. 2
Motollnshi, VT ~M. J-4-: 6
Moulton .&. Powell,XV-4

M1ddletWl.,A.E., VUI-):9

l.U,ller.Dt. Y-5

Millex-.C.l~k,tV-4

Mou,ntJoy,Cspt.P.B.,J-14,xv-5,6

H!.ller,H.A. ,IV-6

Mueller, MaJ.Walther E 1-13

Mille~,R.I.,VtII-2

Mulliken,Dr.R.S., l-lt4t 5,4:1~ 1 4;i4

Mullin,Dr.H.R x-4cl2

JWliller,V.aJ.J .i,. ,l-lO

tUl.l~l",J".

16

MoQes~Brig.Gen.R.G I-l
Moe~QVe,:tt. niche.J,'d.,, Vl

Miehenor. w.r. x ~-4:7

Miller ,D .fl f'IV-6

w v1u~1

Millet,MaJ.R.H., l-9
Miller,.L t.j.g. V., VII~-2

M1,il,v1ht11,Lt.Helen E. 1 VIU-1
Munc::y,J:.J D.,VIU-2 .

Miller_,w.o., I-4r6

Mm-phree,I>r. E. V. ,t-1 1 4&12 1 4~14~U-.3, III

Muxp~ .~t. E.F,Jr. I-14
Murih.y.1.faJ. E.J., 1v-2u

tiille'lit,K IV-5

Mills,F. ~U-5

Mul-p~, G .M., II-2

MilLs,Barve1.1-11

~h,f.f/Sg~. Yl. ll VIII-2

.Mtirl'a~Oapt.JC. s. 1 I-14

. N~l ton, v.a~ ,J;r .:IV-6

Mims ,M.:P. t VtU-J;9
Min1ken,Lt.Coli..S6lette lll. ,1-1L~
Minisslni, Vlee A<Un. , I.-14
Miskutin,Lt. 'f.~ U:::e, I-14
. Mi tehell~ D. P. VtII-2,3, I-4:12

Mu.sser,J. N.,tV-6

MU$S~r,Oapt~sem.. VIIl-3:6

Myer;.,Jacp b, VIII-3: .3

Moea.tng,Henrv.VJ:Il.-2
Moell.et,Comroo.L.lf., viU-Jt 2

Moliere ,Dr. I-14

7f 3 78' r.TION

Na&h,Lt.Clinton,Vlll-1
Nau.man,001. A.o vxxx-1,2

Monier, .~.J~ A., lU

Naylor,E. E. ,t-5

3;.7

M onro; D .~. VIII~

Montgol!l~cy~ s. 1 , YIU-3:7

V.on~pyo,M.olfo,VIII-1

lieblett,Ju.dge Cohen,VIII-1
Nedde:nneyer,Seth,VIIl-2

Montoro,E:rn~sto,VlII-1

~ed~el,DT.B.A.,VIIl-J:S

Moon, P.B.,VlII-2

Neel,Lt.J.V.,I-4:6

Moon, W.F., VUI-2

Nelson,Lt.Col.C.A.,I-5,B
Netson,Do~ald M.,1-9

MC>ore,Cmcu.liuc'i.son,I-9, VIII-2

Neleon, E.C.,Vlil-2

Moore 1 Maj~D.C., V-6

C(l)l5

SEClllWIT--?Fllt.MA.,TION'

Uelson. 1 Dr.Ha.J:"old.I-7

Oberl?eck,L t. Col. A. W. 11 VII-1,2

NetohE;ir,Col.E.0 1-5
lieuert,Dr.H-ugo,I-14

0 1Br1en,lnez. YIII-2

N'reson.Dr. u.u., n:u-3;8

0 1Brien,r,t.O.li., X-111-

0 'Brien~ Omdr. O.erald,, 1-13

Neverlck,L~.A..A.; z..,;14

0'.Brie~,Ool.J.J.,t-10,IV4

,vru-2

0 1 By,rne,M.J. ,I-10

lfowbu.rger,MaJ. Sidney
Newcom'b,J;ie,J.E. I.-. 1v-5.v111-31 l
Newell,R. ~. , I-~. ;~

0 fOQnnell.~t.J .,J., l-14

Of'stie,Relil" i.ui:i. A.A. \rIU-3:S
O'-Ge.rB:,Lt.J~L. ;'li4

.Newe11,w.s ... v1u-3:8

New1.cn,C.E.;tI-5
Newm11n,:Sr1tr..Gen .r.B.,J'r. 1 I-4:6,l4

Ogle Wm .,VIU-2
Chl.lnger;I)t.L.J... , I.-4; 4,4~ 9

oKeet9.EiJ..s.B., vux ... e

Old,Lt.Cma.r.Bruce s.,:{-14

Newse>n,H. W,., I..,.lt.:4

f:l'ewton,Am.os s.,I-4:11

Nichol~,Ertg.Gen.K.D.,I-1,4:2,4:3,
414,4s6.~~7,41io,5,,11-5,lt4,

Olrostead.,T.F~,VIII-2
ots~n,E. !l!.

,nu-2

xv-1,6,.v..e,4.6, vx, vu-1,2,

...

Olsop.;Lt.:E. G. i-14

vu~ J;4.-J~7
Nic~ ..A.A. ~

O'lf~l.ey .. Lt. ~<is.R. ,USN,l-13

u-4

NlQ.kson,Dr.J .J... l'!"7

Ntck:soniDZ'J.M I.7

Jlleksqn, Dt. Marga.re t J ..7

Nt:e leen, Ool. A. W. , i-4; 9
N!el$e!4M.L.; viu-3; 4
Nier,n~.i o.c., 1...1u12,1a. 1~. U-2

OJ Meua -Ca.pt. P .F.. , I-12, Y-4

. Oppe~e1~er,Frruik,VIlI~2
Oppe$~imer.Dr.J.a 1-1,4:5,4~7,4:13,
lI-~,6, vu:r.-1., 2,Jfl.,.;> 2,:;; 3.J: 7. 39
Ortalel).,Lt.G.,.A.... X-14

OsboJ:'lle,R.B., VlU-1

Osenl,)erg,Prof. Werner;I-14
Otto.F. ,IV-6
'
()ugh te:rso?J., Col.. A. \f J. .-4: 6
Over'beck, W.P xv-6
Overstreet,Dr.Ray,I-7

111,v-2,v1,ti1i~3:9

la,nJ.nger, th Robt. D., VU-2

lUt~e,.P.li.,I-4:6
Nobl~,Lt .Col;. .o .c. 1 1-5
Boe1,c.K~1VXIl-l

Holrm,Lt.J .E. 1 l-14

!Tola.tl. 1 0'apt.Tnt. ;Ii'~ I-4: 6, VUI-1,2
Hole.n.,~.B.,1-~

Page,Lt.Ool.Gordon B., V!I-2

Nooker ~/ l)g~. ~'! TI II-2

P~ett,Lt.A.A. ~Jr I-14

Nordhe1m,Gartrude,VIll.-2
W., ~-4:4,417,

Falmer..aj.T.O.~VIII-2

Paolino,Lt.A.,I-14

Nordhetm.Dr.Lothar

v1u-2

Pardee.,F. w Jr~ .tV-ZII,),6

Par~ex-,n.i-:.,t.-7

Norr1s,E.O.,II~2

lfor:ris,.r.c. 'LI-l.O

Nore~ad.,Gett~;vtri-3;9

Norton.Dr. n.)r. , VU1--3; 2

Norto~ t. TI,, VIII-2

Norwood,Dr.W.D.iI-7;IV-6

Parrish,D.T.9VUI-3;4
.Parsons 11 Co1. w.:a i-14

Parsono,Rear .Adm.W.s.,u~N,VIIl-2,3:2,

Notmnn,D. o IVb
.
Nuessle,t.h1stave, VIII-3:3
:Nun,n~N.

:u.5,3:,s.3:9
PaRh,Lt.Col.iori.s T. ,r-11iPa.equ1er,L.P., U-5

:t., ~-l:i..

Patterso~,Robt.P.,r-s,9,IV-1,4,5,v-5
Pnulus,r~. G. t VIII-3: 7

~,

r- - .

.Parkineon, 'l~l .. ,Jr. ,1-4:2

Farre.tt,L. Q VI'I I-2

C(l)l6

'

s.n., Y-4
Pratt,s.w.,1v-2t1
.P;:oegel,.Eoris,VH-1
Preuss H. M. , :tt-5

f Et>iiling. Linus, I-4: 3

.Pow~rs 1 .0apt .

Pr c.body .1 o., VUt-.1

Pegrar.i.,De{m Geo .s. ,l-~:2,4:1o,4:tz
?e~son,G.A IV-3,5
Pe1el'l6, Dr.~.E._. I!,-2,3, VUI.-2

.Pdee,Lt.J'.B., VHI.-2
Pr$..or (li'lanagrulh,-ior v+td Lende), IV-4

,vxu. . 1

Pente~~.tt. CQl. YiJ.

.Penue~ ,l.'T. W. -G., I-4:6, VIII-2, 3: S

Pritchett, w.~.,I-10

.Prohs,Ens. 'W'. , VlU .. 2

Pepkow~ tz,L.P .-V.Ul-2

Papper.Jerr;;VtII-1

F.torrner9Dr. C.4 .~I-'7

Perettman, Capt.Nat., VUI-1

Purn.ell,Bear Adm.W.R.;I-l,S,VtII-2,

.t'erltilaii., 11.,, VUl-2

Peter,?.r o:t.J .G 1-4: 2
Pe.ter.U:,It~x;;VU 12
Pete:rsen,,HS:X"riett
VIU-:l

.J;,5,J;S
Putt,Col.D.L.,VIII-3:9

v.

Petersl!in.,c..ol.-f-. v., I-412,t4: 9:1V-2I 1

J;t:zu-3;4, I::-14 s2

Pete:hton,t.teo'.

4:4

E., I-6

Petecr#~n;Lt.J-.!1~ ,1""14
Petrtilki;..1 Ee~, VUl-2.

Rao1,nr. Iei.dor I. ,1-tu7, VIiI-2

Ee.d.och9 Dr.,t-14
.
Ra6."U.e., t.t.Richti.rQ., G., uPN, I-13

.Pe7ton,H~J 111..-5

Pts.t.f ,Dan, vi u-2

Phali>r,Joy YIII-J:J

E,affert7,.r.A.,U-5

Ramsey,s.n.1.V-4

Phelps,J,.F., VUI-3;4
Philbin.,Lt. i1hcs.!!. 1 VIU-l

Ramsey, Proof. Norman :F., I-4.: 2, VI II-2, .3: 2,

fhill~ps1B.K.,I-6
Phillipe~~t.~.s.,1-14

Ra$~~en,'tr.s.,t-11

3:9

Ra\Z&Cli,~iil-3f~

Pickett,Lt.l'!._E:., I-l4
PleX'ce, Mej. Ol :e:nd.e C., 1...14

Reyln.U"n.Rep. S~., I-4:t

B.aymon.d,E. P'. ,JV-'+

P~erc~~T.L.,IV-5

Rea.. Lt. Col. 0. E. , I-7

Pittock.Il._.I-6
l'le.czek 1 G-eo 1-4:9. VUl-2

Re~d..capt. Va.ti s t-12, VIU-1

~eider, R., V.Ir.I-3= 7

Pi ttenger,0~1.... VI:U-.3;4
Pi ttluek,D.r . F...t1.t%71 I-7
~1 ttme.e., F. K. , VIIl-2

Bead.Granville K., HI,tv-2U

Red.cntus,Lt. Josephine C. ,l-.14
Reede~,E.J.,l.-11

I'leaae.rlts, W.W'.,tV-6

Ednt:is,F. liVlU~2

.i?lwnlee;E. L., VlI.J;... 3; 3

f'oehon 1 Lr. 11. ,t-4:12, VllI-3:4

B.emt;>tUl.1 Capt. G. W
.,

RaU1n, Clyd~, VX U-2

Pocock,O.ll.,VIII-3:4

,.a-.

Re~olds,E4.w~~,t-4:2
Reynolde,.i.e. G-.a VIII-2
.Rhodes C.P., I-4.: )

:PollQ.%'4.Prof'.
,l-4:10
:Pollock.Dr. E0 C. ,l-4:14, v. . 2
Pcu.lteccrY.e: .Dr.~runo, I-.4:9

Poole,g.J. 1 VIIl-2
PopeJ c~

,v. A. , I-6

.Popham., W.

Pctr~t:,ll.~.,\IlI-2

Pottle,Capt. V.L., USI!, VIU-3:e

Po\io'ell,S.~

v-5

Rhod.eG,MaJ. ! '.13., t-14

u. , YI Ir.-2

Il,.l! .
1-14

Re.n.dler.ntn; 14.J. C .. ,

Rho~ee,Lt.B.C.,I-14
Rhodes~F.P. 1 Vl!I-3r4

Rh.odes, w.o., IV-6

Richards,Mcj. Gf'.14. Geo.J. ,1-h: 1, 5
P.ic.M.rd.6 1 H. T. \~.tn:-2

t5. .
'

C(l)l7

RESTR~DAT!i
ATONIC
CY ,,,...,,
n,_.,

1946

r<'C"CU

f,;:J ).,:.i .1

Richar<tsonttt. V. lli., I-11;.

Richmond, E.L.,IV-6
Rich~er,Dr.Robt.n.,r-13,vrrr-2

Ro we ,J.L.,VII~-2

aoy,t~ .F., VIII-2

~paJ,l,Gen.K.C.,I-4il

Rile~ ,MaJ.E. D., IV-5, 6

Rubinson,D+-. Wrn VIU-3 g

Ruble.R.o VX.II-1

~~111,nr.ir.,v.ux-3:3

R1ley,tt. W.T Il4

Itin~,r... W
., VJ:II ...311
~.1 t tenhouse, C. A. 1 16

i lRf umr.ATI ON

liow0. Hartley i VI-I l-2, }; 2

Riag~~~.n. rr.,v1r-2

Rifkin, v1u... 3i3

.i..~-' ""

"YlIT

Rivero, Oe.pt. Rorac1o,USN_; 3: S

Roe.eh.Dr.F.E.,VIlI-3:2
Roark,Me,J.C.L.,VIII-)19
Robbins.Ralph ~r., VlU-3: 3

Rcbert6,0.W.,VI
Robetb,,r.n:. VIII-3n

R~~ertson.L\.$.B.,l-14

Bobineon.Lt.c.o.,t-14
RobiJlson,J.C.,V-G
RoblnQon,J.t.,VlIl

Ru.cker,C.?;., U-5
Ruhoff ,Lt. Gol.J .R., I4:2,4:5,.4: 7, V-1,

2,3,6 VII-l, VIII-3t4,3;7

au.ncU~,Rob~.,I-4cll
R11s6,H~ w. ,viu-2,3cs

Rll.Hflll,MaJ.G. W. ;t-li.: 7, V-6, VII-l

Rusnell.Horaee,Jr., VXII-2
!?utherfoxcl~ JJ; ., IV-1

Ru~lsud,R.~., V-lt

~an,Capt.G.L.,VIl-l

Rydtew.s kl,l;tt.A.L. I-14

Roboff,Lt. s.n. _vu-1

aobyW~.,VXII-J:S

RoQ.den,Dr.o.a.,1-4:12,v-2,vu-1
R<'>tt th,KaJ. A. C. 1 I....9
B.o~eJ-s,L:t4Col.:B. m
1-t.i.;1, IV-5
Roge~s,Dt.D.~

I-7

Sa'b1,N. VI!l-3:7

Sachs,Dr.Ale~e.nder,I-l.IV-1

Saffersteln, T/Sgt.R. O. I-4; 6

S&ge.Dr.B.~.,VIII-3:2

Roge~$;Lt.M.E.,1l4

St,Clalr,lUiJ. W.T.,Il-4

Rogers, W.S'.., II.,;.5

S&lfi~ere,Maj.F. W. ,VIU-1

Role.nder,Lt.C.A.,l ...14
B.ollinson,C.L VI II-3; 4

.Roosevelt,Fres~i'ranklb. ~ I-l,4Jl2,

9. IV-1, VIU-2

Rosbach,HaJ.L.~.,IIX

RQse,E.t VIII-2

Rose,J.:e.;I-7
Rosen,Dr.n.,1-4112

Rosen'l>er~.J. ', VIU3;]

B.ooenberg,Ool.L.; VlII-l
Rosenmail,r,t.n. i4., I-14
Roes.A., Vlt-1
Roesha~,E.O., VIU-3;7
Roseell,Ms,J.Pa.\U F.,I-12

Rossi,Bruno,VIII.-2
Rotblat,J., VIII-2
Roth.ten.ni~ 1 VIII-2

R~th.O~pt.L~J.,VII12

J,

F..oth,Me.rf
VUI-2
Ro;her3',l-".aJ. w.A i-9

S~llf,Se.J.J.F.,Ilt,IV-5

$e.ltonstell,Sena:tor Leverett, Vlil-3:8

&alyers,M&j.Cbas.D I-14
Sa.mara~,Dr.liicholasiVIII...3:.4
S.ampso:l, W.G. VJ;U-3;4

Sandere,a.R.,X-10

S~em,Lt.E.M I-14
Se.ndi,r;e,Prescott1.I-4;3

S ands,E., VIIIJ: 4
Se.pper,t-1aJ

.w.t.:., !v-6, VII-l

Sargent,:a. w.,I 4.9

Satterfiel~,MaJ. Wm.J.,I-6

Se tterthwaite.c.D., VIrI.-3(~
S&uerwein,Dr.~l-14

f>.ave.ee,r,,t. Ool.J .E I-5

Savigny,Kaj.H.A.,VIt...1

Sawtn.s.,IV-5

$e.wyer,c. '~r . VII-2

Sawyer,Dr.R.A. 1 VUI-2,3~g

Scatchard,G.,II-2

,~ie
.

..,.)

,j

'

seibolt, A.u vxn-2

~chac~er .r.it. G.22. t 1-14

.;;Cha.e:i:fer., tt 1- ..:6

Sehaffer,.tt. W.F VIU-2

Scb.i~l"o~e, ~g_t. T. ll., v'-4

Shr:i.piro,'M.l1 VI u-2,J:S

Schmeidel.;J.E.,;cv-5
Scb.xflitz,E;.~ 1-6

Shaw, Col'. :David

sehoppe,Margaret, VlU-1
Schreft>er ,R.E., Vi Il-2. 3:8 1 3:9

schrenk,Dl'.n.n.,I-7

Scht-u.'ben. o.)l Vt'U-3:1

Schul h,Gus a., VIII-2
Schw.i'Uln~Prot.Erich,I-14
Schum~Lt.v
I-14
Schumb,P.ro~.

sehu.h,f

.it.

w.c. vu-1

.w . ,vn~-3; 7

sc:~wartz, I!.; V:l!X,... 3~ 7

Sc~wEJ;-tz. ~([.I,.., VUI-2
Scb;wa;rt~.~. ,VI U-3f7
Schwartt: ~.
I-7

F., 1-11.t.

Sha.w,Capt.~obt.T.,l-14
She~,tt. D. I~9 .
sh~r.ra,a.

,v1u-2

Sheldon,G.1.r.E.;11-5
Shephe~d.C.H.,lV!)

Sh1eld$ 1 Maj.', Vl ll-3i 2,3: 9

Shipznan, 1- 4: i
,
$hod.leekf ;J. ~v~u.,;. 3:7

Short,:Hon.Dewer.1..;10

S!t:tons,Capt.Foyle W.,I"!'14

s.,

schwartz,Lt.semu.e1,l-l4

stmpson,c.s.xv-5

Schwel,le~bi'l:ch,+fudge L
Se4wer~feger,A.J.,IV-6

S1inpson, Dr. O,. C. , I-4: 4, 11~

Scott,D.L. ;VIU-3: 4
Scott 1 Dr .K~nneth S., I-7, VIII-3:6
Scott, Capt .stwr.rt w., l-13

Sind., Dr. Ne'.than, l7

.B., IV-4, 6

~.,

Sbe.ughn~ssy~John,X-6

Siemes,Fa.ther J.A. ,l-4~6

S1lve~ .. M..L.J3 ., l"!'1. VlII-3t 4
Si.lllJ!icma .s. J -Yt I1 ... 2
Simon, w~o.,xv..:6;x.-4~1

Schw~l?, '1 .G., YUI-;;7

}.;'-;.,.,. ,.
..l,.y.

Sh.r1.del,J:Ienry K., VlU-1

Sh~r:i.e,d.D., V'lfI.:.2

Scovi.lle.Dr.Herbert,Jr.,VIII-3;6
scribner1 Dr.B.F. ,I...1+:12, VII-1

Simpso~,Ce.pt. wm.J.,l-14
Simpso~.- Pr. w.t. :t-4;3

Skaff ,,F $., IV-6

8kirnier,tt.c.01. n."E Iv-6

nr.

Slda.! re,
Ha.rd., I~7
SI;vrme, T. H.R., tr-:3, VIII-2
Slack;h-o1'.'F. G., t-4:10 1 II-~

Seaborg,G:lenn,I.-4:5,4:13.xv-1,vxn-2
See,rls.l"r.e.d.., 14:7, V.tU-3: g

Sle.ter.nr.J .c., i-1

:>~ato~, w:a:n-en, 1-13

Slotin~toui~,Vl!I-2
Seckendorr~.E.W.,V-3

S&eiman~~gebert,Dr.,I-14
Seely.. t.B. YIII.- 2
See.mzm,Cfol .L. E., VIU-1, 2, J: 6
'1

Segre,Em1lio,IV-l.,VIU-2,J:9
Selder,Capt.R.G.,II-3

Se! tz,,1".aj .B ..G., I-5

Sei h* Dr. Frederick, I-4: 4, 4:lO, IV-2II
Sel!:ridge,G. C., VI~-l, 2
SexrJ.n~ra. Lt. L.A., I-14
Semple, Cap~. David, VIIl-2
SentU'f,H.~l., Vll-1

Serber,C.L.,VIII-2
Serber,Dr.R., 1.. 4;6, VII!-2
Serd.ulce, J. T. ,YI II-2

Sert,eant,Maj.Wm.T.,I-14
Seubert, E.G.,VIII-3:7

Slotin,SopJ_.a, v: ut-.2
Sm1 th,Jt.aj.A, v111-3;9
$ll11 th,!1t.A. :e. ,I-14

sm.1 th,c. s v1u~2,3i4,3:7

Sin! th.,:m. -c., vn-2

Smi th,.Mn.J. Frenc.1 s,1-14
Srolth,tt.n.n .1..:14
Smi~,J.S. ,VlU-): 7
Smi th,tt.L.P. ,I-14, VlU-)tS
sxn1 th,M.!l., rv-6

2,

Stn1 th,.Lt;Col.lkilph C., 1...13, VIII-1, 3; 2

Sm1 th,E..J., I..;4:6
/o.
Sr:nith,Wilbur F.,I-13
Smyth, DX'. C.1'., 1-14

Smyth,Prcif.H.P.,1-1,4:2,4t5,4:12,4:13,
4:14 . .

SECl.9'1_ _ _ _ ION

c {i.: .JP'!DitsTitti 'PP

Sue11.n.r,A. ~~ X-lH 3
n,, 1...1~:14
snv-.tt. Ed.g.a.r, mn. x... 4:6.
Snyd~rtCapt~.Flo7d VUI-1
Sp:yde-r,E.ep.J .lhtell,, t:..4.: l

StD.wdl.,G\';n.J'. W. t VUI-3:8

snod~r ,Prof .I

$th1sOrhSeo. H.t., Z-l, 4:1,4:1), IV-1

Stoektnger,Dr.R. B.,I-7

Stone,Pr.ll.S.,l-4:7,7

Sod,ey, ;E'. JV-1

stout,J. w. ;vl!I-2
StoH,:p'., VIU-3;7

Solberg,Rear J.dm.T.A.,VIII-3:S

Stowers,M.i.:;j.D.M., VII-1

t>omervell, Gen. llr~Aon, 1-1. IY-1

So"u.therlend. Capt.er. E . I-14
Sova; ~1ranl;,, 1-4 I 6

stre.semenn,Dr.F.,J; ...14,n-2,1v-1,21

Stowe~s.~t.Ool.J.C.,IIl),5,
Streete~.Dr.A.N.,I-7

Stx-~1.gleder,O.J. 1 VIII-);l~
Streit,~rank,V-6

So::t,Lt.0Ql.C.B4,I-7
Spal..l.tz.Lt.Gen. 0, A. 1 VIII-3: S
spat.41ng,J.,e1dle F 1-6
Spar~l?J'l.,llan.J~hn, 1...10
Speddi~- Dr. E. R. 1 1-4i 2, 4; 5, 4c 74;11,
V+I-1, V,IU-2

Spene~.11.

w. ;YIU-2

spe.ncer.nr.a.n t~7

Stpum,Jt.. B.,VI!Il

St\U'r;es,~1?J.D. G. 'VU-l

s. VtI.-1

Sturgie~N~t>. ,IV"'!'5,6
Sturgis;R~seoe
S~er
Gen.

Sp1Cka;J .J. VllI.-): 4

.xeJ.

Suhr;.Dr t-14

C.,I-10

w. n.-, 1-1, I I I. vxn-2

.

Si;lerud.,.t t.J. c., J;-1~

Sp1rid.aids 1 Lt. E.G., X-9

Sull!va.n~C.A.,iv-6

Squir,~F .. A N. 1 Il-5
Squf~~s.nr.wm.,i-7
StaQ"~Ma.j. W. V .. , VI:t-1

Su..1.H:ven, $.P Vll-1

Summ.ers,Oapt.,.w.,v-4

St.a11ings.Chr.4-11e,VJII-2
Strilli~s,J

Sttong,Ma.J.Gen.Geo.v.,x-14
$t~ges,

speri.tn.g,c.0.,11-5

sp~vack,J,.S.. ,,VU13;
Spl'OU.S~,,John . D., ~-10

St~oct_t:i~.J., Vit-1

$troke,f viu ... 2

S\tte~,Dr.Geo.,1-7

.a:.,X-7

Sv1rbetr1 J.L. VIU.,...3~ll

Sw~son,JJr.
VUI-3't3

C.,

Stanfor4,n.E.~.,lV-6
stwiitor~.i.A v1u-3cl}

Sv.e.nson~M&J.Melvln.

Sta..nsb~y.oe~t.Ma.~

sveeneyHe.:J.c. w.ivltl-2

stanna.rd,C.apt. w.:s. ,I-14

0 1-12,V-.3

Svartout,Mnj.o. ~ .,VtI-1

E.,I-14

Sta.pl. eton., Newton, I-7

Swenson,E. Fi.,IV-b

st~plet~n~T.ll.,IV-6

SWs;>J;'~Herhert 43 x-4:7
Sd.la.rd., Dr.Le() S. t. I-1. 4:~ 1 4: 12,4;13,

Starke,H.n... VIII-3:.7
ste.rr,.~. c.-X-4: 7
S tauQ,~.H.,VIII-2

ei~~~l>r.Ii .'11 r-7

Stellwag~n,X-6

Ta~er ,11.ep .~John, I-4:1

Tat t. Ge.pt.R., I-14

Sterling,Cept.[l"nos.A.,I-14
Sterner 9 Pr.IE.lllles H.,I-7
stern,s,J. c., iv-2r
Stet-ter,Dr.G.K.,I-14
Stevena, M.aj. W.J> , VII I-1, 2
Steven.r-.on, 0 Lt. Cmdi'.
VI II-2
Stevenson,J. :a., VII !-2

Talliafer.ro,Dr.. W.ii. ,I-7

Tal.lma.n.o,c.,rv-1

!l'e.mmat'O~ A., Lt. Ool., II-3, V!II-3: 1

Ta.nnenba.um, Dr. /;.l bert, t- 7

F..,

Taahek,R.,V!II2

Stewert,~.I:nrin,I-12,13,VIII-3:2

Stewart, Lt. Col. S.IJ., VUI-1, 2, 3:1,

3:2,3:7,3:9

Ta.te 1 Dr., efohn [., l-412

Taub,J.K.,YIIt-2
Taylor,E.li.,VIIX-3;7
11Blor,it'redi V-3

C(l)20

p.-- -.:-~

- . -- .- .

------~---.

-~

---

.-,- - --~~,_.,

__,_,,_ ".

r~==7===.,.,...-,-=

. . . C.."'"~"'=""'::r-, .,.~~~--::nz?'..,.,...:-~,.,,.,y~~~~=~l~'!::.-.:::".'"""?;J':::::::;_r P....:_;;_w:p--~~~ ~: z:,:il=-~

SJJ:SS!i!&I

Tuylor,c~.

I., Vtil-2

~i ttertcn., E. 1f . VIU-2, 3;S

Ti tuz.,Lt.J.L. ,.~-.l-4 . .

~foylor 0.~o. W,. 1 l-6

?.1!\ylor~ Dean R~ S,, J: ... lH 2, U-2, !II
!S.' eylor; !Jt.R.A. ;Jr. 1... 11~. VUI-2
T-"1.
-.:lor
x-4f': 14
'
~,(.,..
. t.Dr ff\
~ 'I~.. .
'11eeple,os.pt,
1-.11~

c.,

~101Qan.nr .B..
tl 14; 2. 4i4, 4; 5, 4; 7,
_ ~:l.).l+;l.lt.\1III2,3:4,3:S
.
~re..al:.C 'H. IV5 .
Trs.visr.tt.R.
t-11!.

w.,

n.s.

Te:!.dje, tr.. F. 1 UI
Telchow,Dr. I-14

Trnv1 s ~Maj. J. :E. I~!,i

,g ~
~ ., l.! l
T~eon.Dr.J. F I-7
mrP<'~"'o~
"
L -.,T '"" .,. t.. ...Mc
._...,.

Teller, :or. }~Q.ward,H.,.5, VIU2

ten l3<?fPCh,}1. *VUl-3C9

TriQby,Jas.,vrtt~z

4:1),9,IV-l.

Tenney, 'J;/Sgt.G.R. 'VlU-2

Trump.~.' VUI-z

'l'errell,Dr.R.M.,l.:.7
Te:r;r.r:,Dr.t,.t., I-4:6

Tqt~,it.a., vui-2

Tsuzu1d.11r .M. , l-4: G.

Teten'ba.uni.lii,, VIII-J:7

'lll.CltaDr~J .t . v1n-2,3~g

~eker,Q 1r. 1 .1..10

Tha;,Ter,~..nford,l7

'l'ueket 1 J.Dns. VU t-2

Tu.eke:; 1 a. G. t 12
mucker Tem.<ey .J 12

ThaTe~.a. E.ivxi-1

Tha:;rer.Dr.v.R.,IU

ll.iitiier,. o.l) VIII-3; 7

f.Urner, G:. It. l'tI t- .:h 7
turn.er,.Ma.J. J. U l-9
~ve,Dr.M.J.... 1-lf-: 3. 4112. VUI-3~9

Thiele.Dr. E.W. 1 III 1 VIII-~i7

~omllS, J.lr.Chas .A.., t-4t2, 4;),4 4

4;7.v1:n-2

c. w vn:t-2

~oma~ .

~ing, fl. D. , - ~ Ill

~boU,t,Lt.R. -A. ,1 l-4:6., 7

Tb.ott1as ~Sen. l1ll!er 1 !-4: l

Th.otm.a,J. f,., VI:tt-;: 1

fylet Co1. G
-.a., 'VIII-l. 2
Tller. w._1.f~; III

flw?:18$1 ~ vut-3;_7
l'homtl,:s, 9apt;. w., VIl-1
lfholnpGOn. Dr.~.F. , ,J:r~ p l-4: 5.4:7
Thoin;p~cn,Lt.. ! . s., l .... J.4
Tbompeon,Mii.J. G.. C...,I-llt
Thompson.OB.pt. G.P. Vll.-2
~OJllp$0Xl. a~ E... 1~ -5

!l:homJ;>son,.Dr._J. G. 1 ~-4~ J.2 VII-1

~honpson.J.J.,!J-2

ThQmpsGn_,~.ll.B. VUI-3;8

tJan.."W.,Ma.J. W.L -I-41G,14

tn>e:le.cker,A. A. 1
Ulam, S. , V!It.-2
m. 1.w.ir~ .R. V!U-J: 7
Ollri~,1~t.~'. W. ,USN, 1...4:6

:u-s

Und.eirh.il.i-, R.M.. ,.vru-2 1-J: l

Urbe.n_,J .J., IV-6, vu~-317
Urey ,J>rof. R.C. , .I -4:5.4: 7,4:12, 4113,

'l'hompson,I'..a'Roy,Vl;~i-2

S:'hompson, Dr.Ii. T.E., VIlI-3c2, }: 9

!ehomprron, w.1., n-3

Thompson, '1. H.,VI
'l"homse tt.; C~pt.n .z., VHI-1

4:14,t1-2,t11.v111~2.3;3,3:7

Thorley.t.1~ .,vnr-3:4
Tho:rnton, T/Sff,t. G., VIU-2

Valente,Maj.F .A n-2u,6

ThorntQn;Dr.R.L.,I-4:5

Va.lentine,C~pt.Wm

Thou.ren. Cmdr. E. H. , VJ; II- 3; 2

I-7

Van.Artsda1en,E.R.,VIII-2

Tnumeer,R.C.,I-6

VMc~,-Lt. Ccl.Johr~

fibbeta,Ool.P. W.,VIII-2.3i2,3:9
Tid.ernanr.. ,De.vid, 1-7

s. I-1. 4s 1.1u g, 4: 7,

'h"umall., P1."es.lfo:rry

Tend~,D.J.,YIII-3:9

.~~,,,~;
~;
if

i&JUl&inTIOl

.E., I-4: 7 l~-, VII-1

i

Van de .G rv..,..ff,Dr.E..J. ,~uu.;.2

C(l)21

\t r:i1f '? f~"r-"

~ ~J. tL ~~~

sEc

wrmr nwnr ~AnoH

Vend&nBul ck,tt.Ool.Oha.rles.I-5,6
Va.nDorn,R.M I-6
.

Wi1,l tf:-l:'.' . 1. t. ,11. P. !!.VI !-1,

Wa1 t r: r,s , F. 1'< ,~rr . VII I-2
Wal th~i-, , Jjt . M. M trs!{,VU.~-J: 2 :

Vt:..nGetllert,F..J. Vl!I-2
\ie.nB:orn.;Ma,j. l~. L., VII ... l
Va.nlioy ;haj .J w., IV-6
Van.K.euren 1Bea:r Ad.m. ,Y~

Wn ~t m A ~

Va.cli.eet~J . a~, VH-2

<....

,, ~

M ,~v

~ .V: .'7' v.,1., "

!-7

Wn1c.l tr. lI, t.IY-l

Wardenb\lrg, Dr. l!\A, o. :r-14, III
We.re, Capt. J. ~. 1 1-9,VltI-3: 2
Wa.rf ,Jes . o., 1-4i 11

Ve.:nVleek.Dr.J.H 1-1,v1u-2

Wurner,~r. c. vpr-3: 4
Warner.P..s.,Jr.,vxn-2,3:6,3:e
We.r. ner,Lt. ..w
,.t.tt... 11~
.

VanW~e, N.i.,

II-5
Varley, Capt. N. t-lu6, U-1, VUl-3:4
Vaugha.n,?. Il., IV6
vs.ughan tt. Col.Rarey, I-4:.1

Warren,4.G-. V-ti
i/f;.x-ren~ C.apt " Shicltl$ 1 USli I-4: 6
Wt:1.~ren, (fol. Stafford L., I-4; 3; 4: 6, 7

Vaughn,U.enr1 1 I-7
V'aughan, Lt. $.J. (3d.) t-14
Vel ten,Oapt.E.M. ,VII-1

V~It-2.;Jt4.J~ 8

lfo,terman ,1.'. E 1-6

Vernon,Dr .. E.O. ,I-lH4

11 t-l~t3, 7
l:.c., VI!I-,3;2

Vettel1 T.it.c. ~. ,Il.4

We.taon, Dr.q.J.
Wa.t s on,.P~o~...

Vier,1';'} ., VI.II..-2

Watson, Dr. w. ~:. 11 1~:4,4;9

VineS.guf?.i"ratLt.,J.B.. ,I-14

V!neon.Jrri!ld .M. ,.tS

W~bb,Dr.G. f~ rtI

Webb,Cap~ . ~rtiTJ.w

Voghtl~n,Dr.Carl,17

Voi~Jit~>..dolf,I-4:11

I.,..14

Webb 1 W.L. VII:t-3; 7

Weber .. m.
JJ-21I
Webt:i te:r,.Oo.l.. !:-4~ 6

c.,

Volkel ,lb:'., I-14

Volkoff'1 Prof.G.M I ... 4:9

Vollme:--~f:it.J .:F. 1 V"III-l

Volpe,JciJeph, I-l~: 7,14

W~d~meye~.~t.Gen. A .C.,VlII-3:g

Weiboldt,Dr.c1. VUt-3: S
i!e ictenbaunJ . 1l. i

vrn.-2

Vone.,.J .) ... _\1llI-3:7

Von.G-ro~s-e,Dr.A.~ll-2

Weu .J);r:-.Oeo.t., t-4:9

Voni..-aue,Px-of . Mei, I ...14

Weimer,li.R VIU-J;4
Wdmer,Dr .. l~a.t"l. I-J.,li

vonI1~~$.llU.;John.VII!-2,):S
VonWe1~sa.eker,il>ro:f'. C. F., I-14

We1nb~re .nr. Albi!!!' t ,l.-.4:4

Weinberg,nr. A. M t-4:7

Wei,ng~t"n .rJt.J .L l-14

Wei~. l'H"'!'J .B,., VUl-2

Weiso,Dr.H. _. VIII-~tS

Wadklns,Robt.H. ,I-12
Wabl, .).;~9,

_t.V-l.2!, V!II-2

Weisr:., T/3

Mtldr~d,VJ;II-.2

W'e ia!iikopf, V. r., VIII-2

\1ei ssm:an,s. I., VUI..,2
~lelchC~pt. W
m. VUI-1

Wake,Capt.D.L.,:r-4:6
We.ldman, n . ~ vu1 ...2

ws.l d..'!l.arln ~ Dr. r-14

Wa.ldn.C'r, tt. l?. !' ., _I -lli

Wall+er, M/Sgt. A.A~, I-4: 6

Wells,Lt./.,lgi~ A.
liells; P . A .,I-~

Wv1ker ; R. t. t VI U-2
Wallace, Vice Pres.Henry A., l-l, rv..1
Wcllace._ lir. W. E., V!II-J: 3

Wells,Capt. W. G. ,!II
Welsh, Col . ..~.:S r.~7

Wallgren,Sr!n. Mon C.,I-4:1

lrl~s h,I,t.llarry R. ,1..:.14

vhi.lsh!Jt~ Ool. E.J. ,Jr., VII-1

,I.-.14

Welton, '.r., VUI-2

Wendt,r,t. c. F ... lJ.4

If en.Mi Dr. P.:. T. I-4:12 1 4,;lJ,13
Wen t worth, R. A. 1 IV-2II
.

C(l)22

RES~RI
... . DATA
ATOMl
--r.;;ry-r,_

GY AC'I' l M~
-- .. ;- .-- ..,-::.- ........;-- "'-::-:- ... .... ,._ ......, ..

Werner,n.E. 1 IV-5

Wilson,J.D Iv-an

Weygancl, P~of. Fri t2, t-14

Wileon,V.E.,VIlI3Z2

Whl,pple,Oapt.Harry O., I-4:6, VtII-2

Wni taker,Capt.Albe.J:'t E. ,Jr 1-14

W:l.nkel~,n. w

W:ilton~Ool.Rot!-C:O O., I-4:6, VUl-2,319

Westh&\T<;~,Dt.J. w x-4:14
Wethethold, Dr.J.M.,I-7

WilsQn,Dr.n.a.,x-4;t4,v1u... 2

Whee.ler.Pr.J.A.,I-4;2,4~4.IV-1,6

~ite,sen. Walla.ce

Wirth,Dr.B.14~.VIlI-3;3
Wi~ti,Dr.le.rl.t-14

Wisansk:y, w.,vnt-~c7

Wiecrunere:r,R.. ~., U.;.4

R.,Jr.,I-4:1

Wise,Capt.&ny;VIIj-1

llt' hitehurst,B .w. v-3

Wbnet,~.R. 1 V-3

Wh$.tte.kei;,D~.~.L .x-4: 3, 4; 4
~1 ttel sey;C. C. U4
Wiehe.rs, ll: VIU-2

Woernl.ey ,.n.L., Vt II-3; 4

Wol:f , ,Ca:pt.ll.s. 'l-4:.6, 7, VU-l,VIII-3:4
Wolff ,Lt.(fol. Cl.lal'les, :t-9

W1ck,Dr.,I.;.l4
W1edehecker .K. P.v-5

Womeld,orff ,F.V.~,X-9

Wollan,Dr. ~. V.tI7 .

w1en,w.,u-2

Wood, V-.l' Iii?II, 5

W
iener,w. w 1-5
Wier ,Maj .li.J , 1-9

Wood.s,W.1'. ,tv-6

W1;1r~ 1 :E;. j. ,VII l-2

Wiesner;Dr.-J. 1 VIIJ-,!tS

Wietig,lh'.,1...14

Wigner,l>r.E.P.,1-1,4:2,4:4,4:7,
4:9,4;,l :;; tV.2 U

W
Uear,v-6

Worth,Dr .r.E.,1-7
.
Worthingtqn, nood, I-4; 4_
,JV-6
i'1J"igl11i,D1.o.11. ,Ill .
Wr*gh~,c. w.,iv~4

Wright, o.~. ,VlU-2

Wilheim,Dr.H.A. ,il.::l.l
.
Wtlhoyt.Lt.Col. E.E., \'llt-2.316,J:S
Wilker,1... ,II-5
W1lk~$Oli,P.G., VIU-3: 3

W:-oe,Lt. M. ,V!Ul
wlilt't' ,Lt.A~ v.11. ,Jr. ~t-14

Willlam~,>laJ.Ge.n., VlU-3c9

YQ.;r~, 1'4'.J .D.L., I-5

v.

W$..llard,Dr.J.E.,I-41i!

w111i~s,Dr.ClnrkeiX-4:7
~illi,.~s,.Lt. Col.Donald G l~lt
WU.li~s .,1-.1t.Fr~d. ~ US.Ir, I-1)
Willbrt1s,Dr.JCihn, Vl :U3;~

Tou.ng,I-4~9

Young 1 Dw1ght.VII,t-2
Yeung, Dr.Gale, i-lir4.,4;7

Y.e>un.g9R.R., V-5
.
Youngs,li. s., 1-4; 3
Youngf;),Ma.j. w
.. c. ,Jr. ,1-4;6,12

w1111ruas,J.n v111-2

W
illiwns.n..;U-3,iV-l_.6

WllUa:tns .eel. w.;r. I-4; 7, 1l...1.,5

Willi,p.gham. w.1~ X-5

Wilson,C.E.,Iv-1
Wil,son.t .:a., V'tII-2

Zacharia~t?rcr.J.R.,I-4r 2,v111-2

W#..l~on,, F. \'! , IV-6

Zei tlin,:F., VII-1

Wilson, Fld. Mox. Sit Heney }J;i5.1 tlend,

C(l.)23

......,,,..,_---:"' "

Z1mmerl1 1 T/4 .F.;VIII-2

Zindle,Lt,H.J. I-tt~

l-4tl3

..

u-4

Winne ,!Ul.rry A. , I-417

Wtnters,O.E.,V-~.VII-1

~ni te,Maj.E.A x-~, VIII-l,2

w41 tei w.A., vu-2

Wilt,D.L vtu-2, 311

Winf;tead,Capt.Ch.as.B I-14

Wnitek~~,M.D.,IV-2I~

\i'hi~e, Capt. Chas. V., I-14

~'h1 te~Lt.n.a. ~1-14

Whl,.t~.J.<r., V-b
.

Zinn, Dr. W.H !-4:2,la1J. VIII-2

Zirlde,R. E., z..,4: 3, 7
Zr.au.chin eky, W. c. , VI II...3 =7
Zum\1l'a1 t,Oa.pt.L.R., V'!"6
.
ZuG E>~ - Dr. l3ei"nard, I~7

Jl.Oiif~!WA

Barr, .Gen. D. :t I-14 S2

Bull, Maj. Gen. n. R.,

r-11... s2

Castles, Col,. J. iii., I-14 S2

Conrad, Col. G. B., .I -14 $2

Devera, Gen. J. L., !14 S2

F.ise.nhowor, Gen. DvD..ght D. 1 I-l-4 S2

Eyster, Col. G. s,., I-14 S2

Gruver, Col. E.

Jervey, Col.,.

s.,

I-14 S2

r_,14 S2

~f .

vtLea.ry, Mrs. ~lean, Il.1 ;3,.lo

Olseon, V.isa Virginia, 1-l, J.l.~
Redlinger, Capt. trf.,.
Rugg, Lt. George

A.,

J.,

I-14 S2

Il4 S3

Sibert, Oen. E. L,. 1 I.-.14 S2

Smith, Gen,

1.~.

B.,, 1.-.14 S2

'l'imothy, Col. P . H. 1 114 52

~'fniteley 1

E
r;::;..--- .,... -

-.---~.
-~T

Gen. J.

r.

l:l; I-14 S2

rI

~c..:.:
;;....-'""""""=-~~w.-:.:_._,......--'""'-,..'"""'~~"--'~..,..,,....':"'~'~~-~~~.,,...~..::::..-~..,~~~'''1'?7"'r:-~~~"."71'fU:;;-t""l~'!1"......... ~:~2-~~ ~~~~:~~~~~'f.L'-...~~s~:.;::'~_:::

{""a ~ r-aarTiTmn9

vcl ..

!""-'

ICi9

sEcmuu

2'IATI 01

C(2) tln'mX OF NAMES OE

Notes:

l.
:For exp].ana.t1on o:t references, see Nptes 1, 2 and 4, :p:re....
ceding previcv..s Incl-e~, C(l}, of N'am(ts or l'ersons.2~

The .names of Manhattan

Dt~t;;1ct i~sta.lla\i.one

snd offices,

ruid Gf maxcy Army and. Navy organi.za.tion.$ 1 and o.f o~hez:- Gov~rnn1en.t agencies

whoce contaets 'w1th the

~oq.tine ru:;.1tw~,

),

Mar.liatte.n.Dist~ict

b&.ve been o:nitted t':-om

\2';~

~o~t

part of

lttdex.

Satte names, not included in the main inde..x..1 hav0 been inserted

as 1tAddende." 1 on P 0(2) 14..

r)

wers for th'

*~s

":)
Abel.Robt., ln(l. 1 V-3
A.II. Stove~ 1 Inc. iIV-5

Acme Sheet Metal WorkstlV-21

A. o. J;park:pl ug

Co. , 1-4 t ~

Ad.ms Ca feteria., 112

J....dv!Sory Committee on Resell.l'ch &

Developmen.t,i-4:2

Alabwna,trn~v.of,X-4:10
AlQer~ ~ros,Contrr.:.ctors,~nc.,

AmerJ.can Steel )'cu.ndries.v-3

Am~ rican T~l.

Allled War SUI>.Pliea Corp.

(Oa.nM.a) ,.III
Allh~Chal.mers f'4g. Co., I-l, 4; li.,
~,6,
11-2, 31. V-J .. 4, V.l I-l, I-14-53

7,,,

Al.Jna !:railere,I11c. 1 t-12

Alphons-Ou..s tod.i s Oht. mne~

Oon$ti-uction Oo.,1V5,V~~
Aluminum co.of .America,1-1,s,
ll"".3 1 lV-5
Alward,lieney W
.,VU-l.
American Air- F1lter Oo.,V-3

Blower Co.,l-4:4,II-3

Amerfcan BrMs Co. 1 II-2

American Cnn~er Society, J-4: 6
_ Ame.r.ica.tL O'ar _&. J-0Ulld.ey--'to -t v~ j

American Cha.in & Cable Co.,I-7

American Chicle co.,n-2
American CyMli?llid Oo. ,.1-7, VII-1 1
VI!I-,3:7
American l 'edert: t ion of Le.bot, IV-5
./l.mericsn Ind.us trial Transl t Oo. 1
I-6 1 11 1 12 1 II-1;.~5

American Locomo~~ve Co.,II-3,IV-5

American Machine Defense Corp.,
Il-2,3
.
American Hetttl. Co.,Ltd.,V-4
C(2)1

& Tel.co xv-3

American Tobacco Co .-1v.:.5

.Amerio&in Tru,ck ~ aody Oo.,VIIl

Aalperex. Electronic Oorp.,V-)
An&.Qond.a Copper Oo. 1 l 7.- .2

Anaconda Wire & Cable,V-3

.Anacc;>stia .Naval Station; VI
Andale Corp. of f>hil,ad.elph!a. t-4: 9
Anderson 11.0. c. Stores,:Inc. IV-6

AndeTson

Alexa.nd.e:r H~tels ~ Xnc., I-12

All.egb~ Iiud.lum Steel Co. IV-5

Am~ican

VII-1, VIU-3t4

American Stand.ti.rd$ Association,I-11

Advlsory Oomnittee on Uraniurn,1-1.

4cl2
Aetna.. Get;ualty & Security Oo.,I-6
African Metal~ Oorp.,Vllt-l
Agr\U!s, Meyer s.,Vlll
Ji.1r ~~ansport .A.aooc~a.tion, l-4r)
Air T~tm.sport Oq~d,V~II-2
Alabama Ordnance Wotks,I-1,Il!
Alabama l'olytecbn1e lnst.,J-4:10

iv--2u

American Motorists Insurance Co.,I-6

American t'henollc Oo:t."p.,VII-.1
Amer!can Pipe & Coll,liitruction Co tV-5
.Am E:ir!CP-l'.I. Railwat Express Oo.,I-4:3tIV-6
American Smaltine & Refining Co.,

County, ~card

J-5

of

~ducation

of,

Azuiing,H.E co.,Il-4;V-5
.
Arc.h.ar-Daniel$-Hldls.n(!. Oo.,vu-1
Area L&und.ry & Dr,- cleanin.g Oo.,I-12
Argonne NatlonAl Lnbora:tory,I-412,4i3
Ari son~ lJ'on \fork~ tv..5

Armor

X11aule.t1~

co.,V-5

A:m.etrong Cork Oo.,V-5

Arnold Engineer!~ Qo.,Vll-1
Artisan Metal P:ro~uets, 1'1.c., I.I I, V-3
Aabestns Erectors,V-5
Asbestos Magnesia Oo Vl
As~estos & Magnesl.e Ma.ter1e.lt Oo., U-4
Atsbeatos Supply Co. 1 IV-5
Aseoc1~ted tJniYersi Ues, ln,c., x.. 4; 2
.A.s.soci:a tion of Amer1ce.n Rallros.ds, I-4: 3
Atchison., Topeka & Santa.Fe RR., VIIt-1, 3:1
_Atld.nson,,G. F ., Co. _,. 1.v:~.5 __
Atomic Bomb Casuaity Connnission,I-4;6
Atomic Energy Oon.t rol :Boe.rd, of Ctana.d.tl. 1
I-~ I ~

Aurora Pump Co.,II-3

Autotnatic Sprinkler,VIII-1
T:raneporta tion Co., V-3

Auto:m.~tic

Avia~ion Corp.,The,~~4:4

B~bcock

& Wilcote Oorp I-4;4,!V-5,

VI, VlI-1, VUI-2

Ba dger, E. B. tand Sons O,o .

vur-1

,r-6.UI,

B U:~i~ha.m Slag 06. , ~ I-4

.Bhhcp,..J. " & G6., V 3
Black l{ock lrrtga.ti.PP '& f ower Go., IV-4

Black & Yeateh.VIIl-1

..

n1air. A. Farnell,I-i2

$a11~y MeteJ;' Co. 1 -V:r

Bla\f!. -~ox Oo.:,xv-5,v-3,vn-1

Bl!ckma.r+,S~,Inc~,v-3

.Baird Assoc1ate~.~!-2
Bakelite Cor~.,1-5,6;II-2,3,5

I-e .

Baker Brot.,JV-6

<Boei~ Aircraft Co.,

Bonne~ille Power Adminittration,

Bak<:ir Chemical. Co~, II-2

Boom Electric & .Alrip .Oo.,IV-2~

Baker Bros.~~nc.~!-7
Baker BuS. I!tues,I-12

1-9 .rv-3;4,_5.6

Bose :Sel Ung & ~ec:iel ty Co., I'V-2I

Belter ,& Co. ,vu-1

.Bound ;Brpok Plan.1?, II-5

Baker,a. T & Co.,III

sons.,1v-5

Brew.e t,.Chas. R., & co,..lV-5

:Srew,ste.r _.Aer()n,au~~cal Corp.., I-9, V~I-1
:Brietol -Oo.' t v..:;
. .
.

.Balmar .Corp. XY-5

Sa.rbour Stoclptell, \")
he~

I-4~.3

~el;')

Skin & Oe.n.cer Hospital,

v-5

o.,

~"Co. V-3
Bar~ol R~gea.rch Found.ation,I-4s2
4;11;7 1 II-2*TV~2t,VII-l
Beach-Russ Co. ,112, 3,5, I-. 14 S3

Corp;.IV-5

vu-1

Dend.ix Av1at1on,VII-l
Benn.er ~ -N.~l\~, V:-::3
_
Benton Rural Eleot:rie As e: 'n IV-4,5
Beri;ttta.,John,Tile Oo.,V-5
Bergquist & Wil~on,IV~6

:Becyll1wn Corp., 1-Iu 4

Bethiehem SteeJ. C9. ,U-4,IV5, V-3,5
Beutex.;Oorp ., II-2
~i.ny'Qn Qpt1cal -Oo.,1v~6
Ins t!~utes,I-7

Biological Resea.rch Founda..tion,I-7

Bird Machine Co.,IV-5

Birmingham Constx'u.ct1on Co.,I-12

c:,

C~lleg~.l-4:2

.:Brooklyn. Polytechnic Iru~ t., I-4:2

.Brooks-Fisher In$u1a..tion co. 1 V-5
DrQoks Lumbet Co.~tY~5

BJ.;"ower,Ch.as.R., &. Co.,IV-~

Brol in,Dave L. t~12

.Bell. .T elephone Laboratories, I-4: 2,

7, U""l e.; 4
Belmont Smelting.& R~fining Wor~G;

:Biologic

Brooklpl

Batcheller, w.T lV'-5

nattelle Memorial ~~st.,l-4:2.4:4,
Be.chtel~~Oone ~arsons

Steel '& t~on Oo V-5

:BroDkhD.V.en Natl~nal I.aoorato?i

x~4:2.vi1x-2

Labo~ator1J:n~.Jl-3

Bartlett, C.

~~istol

J3~1t~sh M1sa.1~n to J.a pim.I-4s6

ljroad..wa.y Me.int1;1nance Corp~, IV:--2II,

J,,aborato?"F, xv-21

Barr !ros.,IV-21

Ba.rt

Bowaer,, Ine. ;vu-t

Erettler Steel Te.nk W
orks,Inc.,V-3

~eldw in Locomotive W~rks,VII-l

:sa11,~. M
Ba.llinge.r Const~U:>n Cq. ,1-12

.llarp.ard

Brown Instroment Oo.,V-3

ll:rown. Un1vers1t~.i-lfr.l4, 7,v-1,2~ 6,

TII~2
.
'
.
Bru.oe., E.L., Co.,1-l.2

Brune Ge~eral Hospi~_.VIII-1,2

~~~~ri~k-DalkeOoll~.nder Co.,IV-5
:e:ru.sh

ai711lum ~-cro:-P. , vn-1; I-4: 4

Brush Laooi-atori~s, l;.7, VIIi.:.;l

B17ent Electric O.o.,II-4

B. & T. Ketals Ool"p~,I-7

BuensQd.-ste.c..r.~Inc. :u-4
Buff~o Forg e Co., I-4r4, II-3
:Buffa.lo Foundry & ~.achi,u~ Co., V'I.I-1
Buffalo 1'ank Corp. ,v..;.5
:Bulley b .Andrewa,IV-2l
Bunker R1,ll Smei ter 1 I V-~

Bureau of Otdna.nce,I-1,4:12.VIII-2,
3~Z.3z5

C(2)2

RESTRliM(DATA
r .,....,...,- -- - -..

-..-~~""

,., .-.,. ,-

.1 . TOMI~~UP.~T

-~.

.,-r... ~--~..-....,..,,.,--~
. - --
'

~--,.~~-,

..

~~~~----;:---~.._.------~---~-- ~

.-

Hl4 f;

~~

....

--.

.tlw;-eeu of nccle.rrm.tio1~ 1 IV-6

G~n ter1ine, !!~val

.Bur.~uu o'f Yards 8: DQt;:ks VlU-2.3:2

Bus1nea$ Men'J AE;sUJ'~e Oo.,V!II-2
Bus in es s Sup1'.>ly Co. J lV-5

Ceri;if;i.ed BUl;'gler Ala.rm Systems,

Bureau of Ships.VI

OalU'ornia Institute of.

~echno'lOQ,

z...4:2.n-1,2. vxn... 2,:;:1,~:.51

Cr..lifornin, Univ. oi ;.~-1, 4: a, 1u 3, 4: 5,

4:lt.4:12,5,-6.1,11. rv-21,6i v~1.

z, 4,5,6, vu1-1.a.s.
:1, 312, :;: 14.,
3:9
'
'

Cel.tfo~n1e. 1 tiniv:.of,e.t ltti~ Angelet,

I-4t2

Oo.Ufornic..

Wa. te~roof~

Co ... XV-5

Calumet-Reel& Copper Co., Vt

CBmJ?Qt?ll,A. s. Po., u ... 2,, .3

Camp liew!t; 'Tent & .Awning Oo.,IV'-5

C~tan Industr1ee,Iitd.,, VI!-1
Oanadb.n P~d.i~ & Ur@ium Co.,

...

1v-~1.v11 1

Canteen Food Sel"Vice,I-12

Oai-bide &. Oerbon Uh.emi~ele Oo;rp.,
1-1 11 .lt.no,~,6. 7,g,11~12,t1-1

2,3. 4,5.iv-21,.2u. v1. vu-1.

2.3:1
'

Carboloy QQ 1ne.,VtI~l

Ce.rlaon .a..o., Inc.. 1 1v~5. V-3

Carnation oo.,IV-6
Oarn~1e-IJ.lino1s

v-3.vu ..1

Steel Oorp.,

Co.,IV-5.6

. . J:'.' V5

CG'r'n

Cese School o! Applied

Yl

Chattanooga. :Boiler &. Tank Co. 1 1v-2u,

v~5

Chicago Bt'idge & lt:Qt.1. Wox-ka, IV-21 1 2U,

J.5

Chicago ~i~tal Rose ' Cor,p. "II-~

Ohie~oJY:J.h:e.Ukeeft' t, ?aul & ):acifS.o

ll.. a.,tv-3,5
.
Chicago & trortb:wes.~ern

:n. E., .. U-4

Ohi~<>.,tln't~ . or~ ;.;i.4;2,4iJ.4; 4, 4:11,

4fl2,5,6,7 1 B,U, :u...2, 1\.-... 21,211,3,6,
VI x~t, VII 12, J~ 1~

OhristQp~er & -Oe.,I-12

Ohcyel~r 0 .0J;';i;l.; I-l,6, 7, ll,II-2; 35

Olncinnatl, Univ. of, I-1u 2

c. x.u... 11-5

CityOcl!ege.N.Y.,t-:-4~2
>~orin~t1 es l3o erd.. I-4: 3
Olaf:te E.s.,iv~2x

Civ11

Olarl~,R. M., I-1 Z

CU.t'ford Mfg.Co. ,I!-3
Clit1ion. Pl'od.ac~e Co.. ,i-4:~, VlI-1
Clinton ~r1dg~ Works~IV-5
Clinton Koma Builders, I-ll,12
Clinton Po\1el" Oomtnl.sdon,I-12

0.ochrme

-Oorp~,n;.;.~

--

--

0()lurnb1a. liiver .Te).ephone Co.,IV-4

Col,wnb1~ Universtty, 1-ltli:.Z, 4:11, 4:12,
4;1t~,5, 6., 7, 11, :u-1. 2, 3,.IIl., IV-2I,
VU-l;VlII-t;,3:3.3~7,3=9

Scien~e,

Ootnbined. Policy Com.111 the 1 I-1

I-4i2
Oastieberry,L.M.,IV-6
Ce.tho lie Univ. of Am.eric a ; 1-4: lO
Ce-Mas-Co Floor Co~;lI-4
Cement GU.ll Co II-1:-,tV-EII
C~ment Tile Corp.,II-4

Or1
r- ; i."">- ~1 """"
i ~ L. 'DP
C
2 Bi _.,.iei . Pt~ "l!!I

J.;.s sociate$ VIII- 3;1

Chain Belt 00. iv-5
Chapman Valve Mf'g.Go.,II-3;IV-5,v...3,

Oobb, W.L. l.~ E.J.,luc r-12

Cochr~ ,. CQ., VI

CaTJleie ,.lnsti-tuti.on o.f _\ianhi.ngton,

l-~iz,4:12.4:14,Vl,V.III-2

Oarp~te~ Steel

IV-2!
Ohtld~1ick &

Q. M. & St.F.R.R.,IV-4

Carnegie .Inst.of. Techni>lqg:;r,

l-4: 2, n.;.21 VI. U-3; 9
.

Carrie. r

Ordna.uce I?lan t,

VUI-3:5

Coro.bust.ion Erlglneex-in,e Gorp., I-lt:4,

U-1. 3, 4, IV:-2II .5

CommerciE.l Filters Corp v-;

Committee on Growth of Clinton Lab.,

1-h:3

0(2)3

~TlON _

Commonweal th FAispn Oo .. , U-3

Gom!i\t.cek .t. z:., &: Btyant Elect:d.c

Ventilation Oo.,V-3
Del t a-Star l<~l.ectdc 0()., V-3

Delb~ook

Cos., Inc. II-2{

Denver Ji'l quipment Co. VII-2

Connery ConGtruction Co tV-5

Con~oU.da.ted

v-5,vr

DeVilbtss Oo.,ll-3
DeWitt C.Gr-i,!fin & As~oc1ates,IV5
n1e.mond.s. 5 to ~1. 00. xv-6
DhtUlo.tton Products Co. V-2 3

Chtrn.n.ey Co._ U-1~,

Ccmaoltdated Oopp et Co., 1v..5

Conaolid.a tocl m.,n1.ng & S1oel tin~
Co. ,I-1. III
Conso1i.<J.tt.t/ed Shipbuilding Oo., 'VI
CQn.a olid.a..tod Steel Co., V II!-J~ 2

Consolidnted

Vulte~

Dis t:rict t.dvisory Oommi t t~e, I .. 4:.4

Dollinger corp.,V-3

Dough~. 1 R. ,Hons Co .. II-4 1 V"'"'5

Aircraft Corp.,

l"!"S

Continental

Avi~tion ~ in~ Oo~p.,

I-~ : l;

Cook Elec tric

C~.,II-3

Cooling & lleatlne, Inc. VI

Dow Chemical 00.,11-5

.nre.1~e Oon'i;rscto:rs,Inc . . ,I-l.2 V-5

Duke

Du.nh.am,E.W L~boratol'T,!V-5

Corning Glass Works,v-3,5

Council of Be.rtic1pati~

Co.,1...1.,

dwont.E.I.,deN~m~urs ~d

4:1,4:3,4:ll,5,,b,7fl'lll2,1),II-3 1

Cooney l:lros.' 1 l I-4

Ooo1)ei- Weld Steel Oo., l-7

Coorh Pox-.o elf;.1n Co. 1 V-3
.
Corn.ell. Univ. ,IV~2I, VIII;..2._l-4c 2

Untv.~I-4:10

.Du.lien Steel l'i-oau.ots,lnc.,,tv-5

Dunellen :::Zlect:dc QQ vu..;l

~.1u,11... 2I,2U,3,4,5,6, v-3.6, VII-1,

VlU~3;.3

& S.on, IV-~

Dul-iron Co.,I-9~V-}

Du):'and,A.A. 11

Univer.dtie~. I-4:2

Coupe Construction Co 1...12

Co.x,o.J,.ED.ginee;-ing

co.,V-3

Orane Co .. ,II-2,3.v-3
Crawford,F.R.tVlIl
Crocker Rndiation tabora tocy,I-7
C~rrE;m Bros. & W~ de,VII-2
Curtis Gravel Co., IV....5

Dahlgr~.u.., ~a..ve.l
Vlll~

Pro-o-ing Ground.,

,.

Dant & .Russeli,lnc.,IV5

Ee.st Coast Service Co.,Vll-l

Eastman i{c;de.k Oo., I-$, v... 2,3, 6, VII-1,

vn1 ... 3;7

n-4

EcQn.oroy l'Jnt:;ineeri:ng Co. V-3

Ed..e~field

Decla5'1Gi :f1 ea. ti en, Commit tee on,

I-4;5
De;f'.en6!e
Def~ae

Electric C.,It-4,VI

ll:imcc> Corp., v.,. 3

E.imeJ' & Alnend - Co., VU.-1
.
Eldorad<> ilold f{in.es, r~ td., ,1-1.J.: lt~, VIIl
-EldorJldo -J.antng ..& -Rt;f3,n1ng -Co ., V-1!-l
JGleet.ro :Mctall.urgical C:o., I~4:il, 5, 6,

7,VItl

DfJ.iti es Electric Co. ~v-2x

Decatur !ron & St.eel Co. ,II-ll, V-5

Ee.st Ttm.-ieeHe Sheet Metal Worke, lne.

Electronic z..techa.nics, Inc., VU-1

:Elliott co.,n... z.3,v-..3
Emot'y Conatructi on Co., Iv-2n
1

Indus trieo,Ltd!, I-}H 9

Flant Oorp.;VII-1

neHegh, Y,,'ug en,~ f,,. I-12

DeLavc..J. Sep&.ratcr Co., I!-3

De.L aval Stean Turbine Co. I-lt: 4

Emory ~iv.,I-4:10

Ensign-!jicktord co .. ,vm-2
E.r ie Cit~ Iron Works,IV-5, VII-1
Eth3"1 CQrp., Il-2

Evane,Robley n vrr-1

C{2) ~
-'"
t
'
;:
f\.r1r.t'~
.Lll' Rt
\
. .,. o~r
.. f.11 ' ''
,,.\1

(i'

.l'..TOMJ~

,- _,, .-:-:'Z:'. . . r.-:7- --;- ----; -~.~.~.-~ -~~'""""".< ::~'~-~17--~-..-~--<o; ..-- ~,___, .~:_,.,..,-.._,_..-.~::-----:-:..,~ -.-T-~.-

,__~

GY .P.CI. 184(;

-:-:-:-::"7""-~ ~-:.._-.......-,.":'-.--,...,...,...-

'

....,~

"'::'.-.--;-

'

~')
U!.r.pert tool & Die G.o VUl-2
~l.osi.v~s R~see..roh.

vux-2,3~5,

:s:9

O ~l br~ia.1'h-Mo9l:'e

Co. , t..;12

Oa.nzel,o.E rv-6
o,e.rfield :Ple.nt,n-3
G-armo,i,E.,IV-6

Labora tory

Garl"iS<'>n & l!opkins,It.. l~

GCJ;r Vl~od lndu.s trie.s; !no., Vl:I-1

ae1~e;r,s.B.,co.,tv... 21

Fairchild. ll!l1g1.ne &. Airplane Corp. ;

~-4:4

(}eneraJ. Amer1Qim Tr&nsporttttion Co

Vll-l

Metallurgical Corp., V-3,

V;u..,1 1 VUI-2

li'anst~el

ii'ede~~t

l":-ojeci;

ilous$.n{~

General Cable 00113. , r'l-5 V- 3

Gem.$ra.J. . Chemical Oo,. VII.-1
GenP-rd Elect.r ia Co .,.1-i,1a3,4:4,

.f.dnt:lnistra

t.l.an1 VUIl

5, 9, +:;, n-2, 3. 1v-i.5, 6, v...:2, 3, 5., 6,

!'edefe.i. l)ublic ::iousj,.ng Jt.uthori ~~y,

vx, vu-2

1-4
:Pede~al ~ele.ph.one

.G eneral Electric Supply Co V->. YIIX

& f'f.ll>Aio Corp.

}t4

.
Ganeral !!11ectr.ic X.Fi.ay CoJ:l'p .tY-ZU

V-3, VIU-l

'

JJ'entren St >?el Works IV-5

PerolevEI Corp 0 1-1.5,G,7,.~,11,
12.VI

Cene:r!il

lr1erg~on,ll.K.

Oene~a.l

,co. ,1-1. 7,11

VItl~):4

i~she~

P~oduc~s

Co.,
.

Gene~el

Governor Co.,II-3

ltese~ch

Labore:torie$,

Gec;rgia ~cmool of ieclmologv, I-4;10

Ger,;oi tsen & Rerdng, IV-6

c.orp. ,V-3

Foh~ 1 ,t.c",xv-6
Fo:-Q.,aco11 & Dfl.vis,1-5 1 6, 7,s,11.

G!.l,)r;on

lz,u-1,2,;,4,5

Drilling- Oorp.,V-5
Giholt Maclne O~iV-3
Glas.cote PrQd.ueh. Inc;. ,.v..:3 .
Cl cbe Iudei:int t1 .Co . Vil 1-1, 2
Globe lnduetrier;,Vll-1
Globe Steel fubes Co.,.!V-5
.

- Gl-Qbe ~tTnlqn - .Co. 1,J.I-2

Goodticll..B.F.,Co v~
Gr~tlate Educatio.n Committee, I-4:10

Gx-at,r,,.J ., Coni;itnictiQn Co_. IV-2X

Gr8.$Bell1 Ch~mical Go ~-7.IV-6

Co.,t-4;9

Graver Tank & Mfg.oo.,1v-5,v-5

Electric Co.,~V-5
Greyhound Lines,1~12

.i're~num,.F.l:rnes t, & Co., IV-2I

~'rick Chemical r,,aboratories,VII-l

Fliller,Geo.A.; Go. 1 I-6,11, U-3

Fulton Sylphon Co.,I-9,lI-3,IV-5

litan.s.gement Oo.,i-12

G~le~

Foundation CQ .. , 11... 4
! \ox Bs Li,.ne. x-12

Fr~er.-lUiowles,lV-5

Senri~e

tti:ff"el,s & Val.let, VIt~... J; 4

Fordham tru1v., I-lt:2

1i'ord Motor Oo., IV-5
Fort Loudon ilect.:rie Oooperat1ve,
1-12
Foste:r: & Cre1ghton CQ. ,t-12
lf1'-dU"".1"h~.el-er -Cor:-p.,.14!"_4; 4.
VIII-3~7
.

lretro lewn Corp. of Ca.U.f.

.GeneJ>al J?QU.~1 Gx-oup, I-l

General ~iJ"e & . Rubber Co., VIU-;12

V.tU-3;1

F~a.se~-~raoe

Motora

111..:~

Flader, '.r'rederick, inc., 1-lu 4,

Fl'10r

lI-2

FideUtr CasuG.lty Co:.;I-6

Firestone .e tt:J.

on.,v-;;

ru.~ator
Ganer~ flotors Qor:p. ~ 1-4;. l~, VII-1

G~Sbar

Grinnell Co., Ino ... v-:;, 1v-2u,5, VI

Grieeoro--Russell Co. V-3,vI

0(2)5

I:1t. .~ ;':
. -t' / I f !

SECI'Ef P

liin~on,13.R. ,Qon~tru.ot1Qn

G:l*o h sar &. Sehl eger Xrol:l. Work?; V-3

Grove.sh~ph~Td. WUnon

Guerin

Broa.,tt-5

(hmnison

Jtous~ne

& :Krugg.VU-1

Hobbs

Xndustrieu,xv-5

Holabird & Root.tV-2I

C orp., I-le

Holrn~s

ll~ T IOW

Oo., .I -l.2

& N&rv-ar.VII~-3~2

H-Ooke?I Electrochemietl Oorp.,l-6,7,

11., U-l.,;3,5 1 VU~l

Roudai,lle-I;Iershey Ootp. {I-6, 11, II-2, 3

Ik.Jldopk En.g J,.neer~. ttd., VUI-3~2

l!tattil ton . ~fo.ttonal ilank, 1-12

Hwnphre7,John

Ha.mmel-D?hl c~ II-3
J:W.ncty & aa.~mo~.v-4.vr1-1
B:$fl.Q.11 Joshua ( Se~ JoshWl ll.arJ.d~t)
F...anford Oone~ate O<mt:r:a.ctors, IV-5
Hanford Irr'ig&,tiot1.

e.~

Xlli.no1s lnstioot Te6luioloW',l-412,

vu~1

IV-~

Ill!J:lois. Univ.of, ~-4:2,~v...6, Vtit-2

Eruiley & OQ.,Y-5

liMson 1 VanWinkle & Mwmine Co.,

Il.Unote Wi.,.ndow Shau~ Co. , IV-21

J;nd.e~i ty lnmiranoe Co. of llor th
America , z-6, Tl.U -2
ln.d.16.fl.a un~v.iI-lH2,rv....~
lngelle lrcxi Works, Vl .
l;ngersoll . a~ Co. , .JV-5
lnger~oll-Rand Ll,\bora tories., I 1... a. 3

Magee,Inc.,XV-5

H.l.vrril!U4l Canteen Oo., II-4

lie.rrlman l.?ower Dept. , ~-12

Hs.rri$on Oonstru.ctfon Oo.,I-l2,

v-s

Xn1t1atpry tm.iv.Pl.anning Oorm1ttee,

l-42 .

.Harshaw Ohemiosl Corp.,t.-7.U-2,

p, III~ V-6, VJ:, VUl* VIII-3:7 .
Harvard Un,Jv.,I-4;2,6,VII!-2,)il,

l,q.1.and Steei Co

v-3

tnland.. Steel OontllJ,ner Co.,VII-1

)19
}fujJghto:n Eleva tor

Jnterchemieal Cor.p.,U-1 9 2
interim Adyison Qii>mittee on
DistrtQution I>ol1cy,I-4~3

liaw'tho1;'ne N~:tval Ammun.1.tion

Depott V~II-3; 2

~nternational

Co.,IV-2II,5,VI
Hause)."mM, E.f .,co. I IV-5. v-5

Xa~es

J?ower 06.,

.f!.ankee-J.a.meeZc.hniser 8> We.r~~.

II2

~d\t'oce.r'bon aes~ar.IJ>.c .. ,1-~

IV-4

li~ar

r . co ~-

Humphrey &.O'Coru:i.or,v-5
Hunter Coll~ge,i-4cz

Business Machines. Oo.

V.U -l

In.te~.tioI1os.l Chi~cy Oo., 1~-4 .

Stellite Co.,V3

ll.elto~,J. P., Rooing O~.,II-4~

Interne,t1onai Gra.phl te Electrode

-Corp.,. J;-V-f;, V-3 -
ln ternationa.l Hanes ter IV'-5

lV~-2I. I

Rercle~

x~otope

f'o t'l'der Oo., V.IU:-2

Nickel Co.,tI-2,3,VI,
VII-l, I-14 '53

Rer;ring,Hal.l, 1 l-'.arvin Sa.fe Co.

Inte~tiona.l

Molding Co.,
II-.2 ,3
Hi'bbs,ilai'ry l?..,Co.,IV-5
Ricks Engtnee~1ng Co.,IIl

Interna.tion.e!J. Wa ter S:upply,, IV-5

:tn tersta te Coinmei-ce Com~ ssion,I-4~ .3

1-7,iv-5

Herron~z1mmer$

interstate R.oo!i~e Co.,II-4

Iowa State OQllege.I-l,4t2,4:3,4s4,
411l, 4214.6, 7,1r-2, xv-2x, v-2, vu-1.
VlII-2 1 3:4

!lillie.J;"d Oeirp., V-3

Hille-HcOenna. Co.,V-3

0(2)6

.....

-:~'-:-;-..,..

... - -- ...

~-~-:~

.....

..

-~.~,..,.;~~~-~-':'-..----~---=--- ~~~...--,--:~~:--~......r:--:~ - ~-:-

"

K~ri te W
ire. f.: Cable Co. v- 3
K.etsler & Ke~s),et,V-4
lt&-t te.r ine tabo~e.tol,"y, :{-7
lfowc.n.ee :Soil~r Cot,tp. ~Vl,VlII-2J3:4

!owq..Univ.of .t-4:2

Jeckson Laboratory,VU-1

Kimbell

Jell1ff c. o iff'g;~!I-2
A .

Kinetic

Jenkins 11.otor Co. ,1v...5

Jersey Ctty

Laborator~es.xi-~.3
cTessen.G;.R. & firight,J.C.,

Con.S truct:S.on ,C,Q ., lV-5

Jese9l? steel Co. v;,...3
.

Johns Iiopld.ns Univ.. ,1-4;2,6, 7,u-1.

2;3,5, V-l,2, VII-1, VUI3HJ

John$-"Manville Salee Oorp.,tt-5

John$on Electrtc Co.,xv-21
.,.ohnsbn,Jcbn ~ :.:o.nd. Sons, Inc., ~-11,
12

J'obn.~ron

ltnoxvU.le !l'randt

~ine1'.t~).2

Kopperme.n,Joe., & S(ln.s,II-3

Kruger W. C., .I l 1 VlUl, ~

co V:-3

Lake on.te:t.iQ , O.rdnence Works, II-4,

Vt.I.-1 . , .
.
Lambert lll,"'QS u ...4
!,~rt &: M~f 1 IV-,21
L~e Oentra!A,iv-2u

Cou1ttae on New W!'la,pons

& Eqd.pment,i-1

Joint Medic~ Atolllic :Bomb.

.
Investigating Comm1ss1on,i-4:6

Le(:l.therman & IJ.l.ey,~-12

JonesJ. A oonctrueticm Oc., I-l.. .6,

s,11,12. tx~l..2. 3.4,5. xv..211, YI

Jone$,~ery. 1 -0ot,d,llnn & Syll1ns~ei+,

K1nn<:y !~tg., Co. ~, U..;3', y...;s, I-. 14- 53

Kirk: & Blum Mfg .C
.o. 'V'.""5
lti tch~llt.!1.1~ I t.~ ~ed Ci:unpbell, IV-6
1Uop!~nittei!l." s.1110., IV-6

L~sn Prop FQ;rge

Tohntion ServS.ce Oo., VUI-1

Johnsen & W1,ll.~d.91V-2II

XV-!;)

LAB Corpora.ti9n. V.U"!'l ,

.
Lt\bo.r a.to.ry AseocH,etea;V:u-1

Mattbey & Co. VII-1

Jolulso..Robley L.,Iv-6
JGi~t

w. v co. ,1v-2r

Ohemtca.l~, YII-:-1

Jc;ia!:h'1a He.nd.f :Iron: Wo,;kL?tl.V-5,vm-3:2

Joslpi, Mfg.Oo. 1 IV"".'2J:6

Joslyn Mf'. & Su.pPlf Co. ,I-7

JoFC.e , Machine Co. ,IV-5

t.edoux &. Oo. VU-i

Leeds. & lforthrup .Co. 1 1-9,11-2_ v-3
r.iehl.gh Univ. ' .IV-:-2Il
t~noir City-Alco~ :BU,$ .Li!les,X-12
ll~ter . ~ tight Department,

Lenoir 01 ty
x...12

Le~ourneau,VlI-1

Lewis.Samuel a. tIV-21
Libefty !~utu..al Insurance Qo. 1 1-6
Lis.be-rt, Geo.B., <10., y... 3

Llnd.~ -41-r~ ..P~qd.ucts -Co. 1 1-5,6, 7,11,-

u-2,3,4, v-3,6,vu-1,2

Kahn, Al be rt, Inc. U-3

fu..ng;ten Co., vn..1

lt~llex Corp. ,t-1,5;6, 1.11,12,
U-l..t 2, 4. 5, IV-2~I, VI, VI I-1
Kal.11 te

Linde Oa~nmics, I-7

,
M. nde Research Labo:ratories.I-7
Lindo~ tight~ Chemtcat Oo 1-4111,

vu-1

.itellou.v..w co..,I-1,6.7,u-1,2,
3,4,$,VIll,VI!I-3~7

Link

lV-4

Lonerg~,E.L IV-21

Kentueky,Univ.of,I-4;10
Kerb1 Sa.unders,Inc.,II-4

Long Island College of Medtcine,I-412

,1

:sett Co. 1 IV2l_I 1 5. Y-3 1 5

Litton ~ineex-ing Ls.bqra.tory, V-3.

Lona.on Guar~~ee & Aqcident C,o ., I-6,

Kennewick Valley .! relephone Co.,

0(2)7

McGem-.i. Cheml.c tl Oo. , :u...

Loa Alamos trrd.v.,VlU-2

Los ~.ngele$-Alb.uqu.erque Express

z. 3

Mcitee,Robt.E., ~ ..1.vru-1,2,.3c6

;ti-aight ~ine~ 1 VJ:U-3:l

toUd.en 1-k..chinery Co., V-3

McKinney irool

Louid~a Cafeteria, I-12

L-Qui~iana State Univ. 1 I-4:10
LtiUisville & l.';ushvill~ R.R. ,1-12,

"V...5
LoW.sville Tt.ile lnsure.nce -Oo., I-lO
Lowd.'erin1lk: Btos. Oon,s tru.otion Co.,
Vllll
L~ka8-~told Co~p V1IIJ:9
tu.icen~ ,steel cc.,u.-3,xv-s, v-;

Liil~Q.~ & Van sione Co. v.. 3

tynch'bu:f& Fond~3 C~ 1v-3,5
~inch Road r:'l.ant; U-3

Mfg.Go.,1-7,~v-5

Co rv-6
McManama. & Cc.,IV~.5

McKln~$Y ~oo1

Mecha.uics Overall Co., VlI-1

Mehl"ln6 & Hanson Co.,Vl

Memorial Hosp1tal 1 N.Y ~-4;2

Merco Nordstrom Ve.lv..e Co., V-3
~etal

Fo:rm1r1g

Oo.,lI-2

Me tel ~:rides, Inc. t ...4:l:2; 6. 7,

IV-21,VII-l

Me tcllurgics.l Le.boJ:>a.'f;.ories, t-l, 4: 2,

4:4,4113 1 6,7,xv.. 6,vix-1 1 2,v111-2,

)19, I-

14 52

Metale; Disintegrating Oo.,11-2,3

Me tels Resel."Ve Oorp. Vll-1

Mach.lett La'borator1es,Inc., V~3

Ma11'4,~ck:rodt Oh~m!cal Co. ,I-4&11,

1-1. n;...21, v-3, 6,vu~1

Nav~

Mare .Island

3i'

Mal-ion

~achlne

Merers,$.E & Oo tV-Zt

?flJ.cha.el. ll~se Hospl tel., IY2X

Mf.chigen Sta te Collega,I-4; 2 '._ ___ _

f!U.chlgan.Unlv.of, 1-Iua,6. IV-2I, VUI-2,

3. 1.2 t 3CO;;
!1.i.ekelscn,s.P. , Oo. ilY-5

Tard., VIII- 3: 2,

i'oundq & Su:ppl1

~o.,IV-5
~ierkel.Jchn
Marke~ :t'orge

& Mary,Founda.tlon.V-2

Co. , y ...5
Ma::ley Co., Inc., V-.3
~un,n. E. ,co., tI-4, 1-12

Rieke;ya Shoe Renewtng,tV-6

Middlesex W
arehc>u$t:: 1 VUl

VJ.d-State Amusement Co.,tv-6

Midwest Pi.pint & Su.pply Co. 1 1-11 1

Ke,sonite Ootp.,:tV-5
Me.ss8.ChuGetts t,n-st.er Technology,
1-4: i?. 4; 4, 7. u-2, :;, u I .1v-21.
v..;z,v11~1,2,vu1-2,3~~

.Eletr1c co., I-~

--,,~n~O.ns truc:t1-on---Oo.-,VU-l - 3' 4
MEJ.XW'ell P(i t.rolew.a Co. , IV-5
M~ii .~,<>,ndation;l-4:2
~iCJJ.estet ~aval Ammunition Depot.

Il-3,4,V~J

M1.lb~,fweed 1 Pope,Hadley-

I~4;2

& MeCloy,

J.f4,U.taey l?oU.cy Committee, I-l. IJ;l,

V-3.

Mlnist:ry of Rome Security,Grea.t

-- -Bri-t-d:n
:i-~.:. 6
- -.

t:~ster

YI~i-2 1 3:2~3;5

Metle<r.A.J. 1 IV-21I
Meyer Br()s.,IV-5

~li.nnegan, F. :r... 1 Co., Vt,11-3: 4.

P.inn~sota.Uni'V' .of .. I-4: 2, lu12. 7, Il2,

Uc.4.l.ester Have.l V.in,e Depot, VlII-3: 2

McAlester N~val OrdneJ'.l.ce Plant,
VllI-3:2

MeAtee & Reath & Curtis Gravel Co.,

IV-5

n1. v-2. VI, VIII.;.2. ):9

Minsourl,Univ.of,I-4:2
~ohawk Wreck1n,g & ~umber Co.,IV-6
Molle~.F.U.,IV-6

Mol7bd.enwn Corp., VII-2

Monarch '?Fi.a.chine Tool Co., VII-1

Co.,t-4;3,4,4,4:io,
5,61 7,11,12,u-5 1 1v-2u.6,v-4.v-n-1,

Monsanto Chemical

McCabe Construction Oo.,IV-211

VIII-2,314

G-:
"

0(2)$

(n r~rt p r'"r

iliif. , n'-'! ~J hl.,,b

HPt~
J Rl I 01~11~
. .. ,./
~
0

.11TOMIC

, :_

l.

;, l \C'I 1:1 ''

....~.......~-~~ ..,.__._..,-.~~---~""';1:"',_f"'_~-~7---_,...,...~'"""~"'--.~~7-.,...~-,~,...,-. -.,-. . - - ~ .... ~-~...,r"'.=--:7..-- -

::.:-'""'~-.-.:"

SEC'liii!iil
......!11.L&liiiik'.n:oH

~f:~

~UJ$~

Roote N.111 and Lumber Co.,lV-5

Moore Products Oo It-2,3

11a tiona.1. Ifomes. lno :i:-12,rv-5

Moor~

lj'a tienE!.l

Nat1~neW: l.ns t. of Heal th, VI U-3; 4

Scbool of Bnt;ineci-ing; VIIl-2

Moreen Bus

Lin~.I-12

Mo;oeein,J. E., & Sons, VIII-:-l, VIU-2

Morgan town Ol"dnance Works, I-1., U I
Morris l!,orge 8:: Drilling Co~ , V~5

Morr1sOll.-Bechtel &. McCnne,lV-5

tl!Q :rTi1tonKnu.dsen co. IV-6 .
Mo$or Coach Lunch,1nc.,1v-6
Mound Road ~lruit 11 U-3
Mo~te.1.n ,. State!l Telephone &

Nace1 1 P..~co.,JV-2I

i ebl"a:;ltf11Uli1-V.Qft-4;2
ll.S~P. A..,,t"."'4 4

He~b~rry-ON.md.ler-Lord,~V5

I.;.4:6

flew Jllilgland Lf.me oc., V-~l-1

Mexi.ao, trniv .ot, V.U.I'\'"2

NEifW~p()tt-.>Xet'Ji & Kibbee Co., IV-5

New York Cit1 1Doard of

liid:u.cat1on, t4:z.

ll,4;12,v-2

Netioilal .A4v~s:i::ir, Commheion on

Ae.:ron&u.ticst.'

v~n-2

:Ne\' 'fork.Ontario & Weetern_n. .:a v-5

Nevr tork. trniv. , I-4; 2

Oommitt&e on

z...1,i.c 4

Nati()nal & a.rd of Fire Under~

vri te:tc, l-11,.12 .

~ew Yo1:'}l;, Vn:i v. of the State

lfoland. & . Co. , VI

National, ~-..ireau of Standards,

No~be.tg Mfg. Co . VUI-l

No~cien Labol"a tories. V:UI-3:9
Norris ~ros~,V-5

1-4:4,4:u.,4:12,4;14, 7,13,
rv-21. v-2,6, VI, vn..;.1, vu1... 2

-Na:tional -~n.tlcer tnd 1-7

Nation.Bl

l:>ef~se

i o:rtham

Wa~ren

.Oorp. 1 \"!I-1

.North Carolins..un~v.or,t...4;10

rtesearch Council,

l~;L,4:l l, 4 ; 12, 4~1).;12; IV-1 1 3,

v-2; v1n-2. 3t9

of, I-~, ; 2

N<>rr is -Uotov; Coach -Q<:i. c:t-12

National Ce.rbr;m Co.,t.;.4:4,9,

IV-2~ 1 3,5,V-;3,VIIl
.

North Continent Min~s,lnc VlI-2

Northeastern #ntio4al 4aboratox-y' 1

1-4:2

National Electric Tool Co.,IV-2.I

lforthern Pacific

n. r, rv-4,5

Northrop Airc~~ft,Inc l-414

Northwestorn U~tv.,I-4:~
Northwest ~'.es tine tap9rator~eG; IV-5
.Noxton Co. ;l-4; 4, VU-1; VI II- J; 7, 3: 9
Notre Dame Unlit. I-4:2, IV-2I

National lfireprooflJ1 Oorp., V-5

Ha.tional ~'ire Protection

Asaoeiat1on,l-ll
lfo.ticnal Guni te Cont:racting Co.,

IV-5
&-,\1'
~ .

0(2)9

.'

ru.~er

liew'Yo;-k,College of the Cit7-of,

Edl.loation,I-12

Adv18017

,n..2, 3

New ,J'el"$~1" l~c;lliae co .

N~w-

Naah ) L&bo~~tories,lt-2

-,-~--~-.-

~a.val Resea~ch Labor~tO?'J"X-4:12,

Nati'tinel . AQ!l.dem,y of Sci:enee-.

.-_, ..

~'Ube Co.,v~3

lnvenU()n, Vl

Beating & VenUlattng

Cci IV"!-21

.-~

OoUlicil,X-11

4n4. xv-21, VI

:tiaga.s~ _
M edical 0.ollege.,

Japan,I-4~6
Na ~ional S!:U'ety

l4at1onat Valve & fltfg. Oo. Vl

Navajo )i'relght Line11, VpI-J:l
Naval Gun Fc:.otc17,VJ;It-3i5
Nu"V"al Of'fioe of Research &

39

National

Corp. ,lI"'"'2,3, V-3,I-\453

Cs.nada, 1-4: 9 ..
1fot1.ona l Research Oouncil o:f

National

J.teleg :raph co .vxn-1

Munnell & Sherrell,IV-5
Mu.1'oc Army Air .Baie, VIU-;s; 5,

Narowet~

Re n e~ch;

'.Nat1onf.tl Res earch Council, I-4: 6IV-l

l{a:tlcnal Research Oau.noil of

~ r" o!JJiill("
~~

Oak Ric!,ge HQUDi~ Oo ~12

Oake$ Eroduct$ Ple..n,t,I!-2
oOe.llnghan Dros., IV ...2~
o uriaooll & Orove,l:nc., I-11,12
Office ot actcntifi~ Resae.rch end
Develo.pme~.t (Seq 0.5.!i.D.)
Offi~e of Stre..t~gic Servicec, t ...14
Obi" state Vn.iv.,x.....1,4:2~6,u-1,2,
VlII;.,311,3:3 .
Okonite co. 1V-3
Ol, berg, c. wIt .& M. S. tiqrga.n, .1v-..6
Oliver Spr1ngs Bu.s Li.n es.I'-2

Oliver United Filters,Inc.,V-3

OJ.vmpta QC)tllilie~ary Co~, xv-5
Oman--Oreighton Consttu.otton Co.,

1-12,u-4 .

tV5

Pfaud.ler Co.,.v.-3
? helps Dodge Clopper Products Oo:rp.,

V-),4

PhS.iad.elphin !rQn
Ph~ladel~hia

Work~, lV-5

Navw- .YarittVl

Ph.Ulips,Getsc:hotf Co., ~V-2I

P'.n.tpps & Stevenson. I-10
P!,cke:r X-Ra,y, VU""l
.
Pie:rc e , J ohn B ~ . f ()lltl.da. ti on.1-12

Pittsbwgb?iping

o. s.a. I>.; 1.- i, 4;1, 415,4:11, 4:12,

v-3,vi

lf.:t3,4; i4,12.13,14, u~1,e,3. 4,

lY-2.:t,2II1 3,V-1, 2; Jt Vl, Vl!-l,2,

V'Il~-2,J;,1,)c 2,3;9
Ostberg Seed. Co.,IV-21
Owen Bw; Li:q.Eil'-12
Owens-Corning li'ibr~ls.1& Corp

~'

Rq.ip.iient Co.,

Pi ttsburt;\1Plate Cns$s Oo., II-4.V-5

Pi t tfl\bur:gh Tee ting r~aboratory.. VI
Pi tt$'burff. tmiv. ot. x.-4: 2

lllaJUltng 'Board.. r ...1

Plann.tni Can2mitteeI-4:2
'
Poe flpintr & Heating oo.,II-4
Pope., 'f]m.A. ,co t-6,:u-i.4, VI .

I!"".3

Porcelaln iietfii

P~od..ucts

C.o ., IV'.'95

P<>l:"t Cl1iongo.-Naval Ammui11t1ori

l)epot,VU!J;;

Poug..'1, Fre&, li. VI I-1

Fowell,V.m.,Co.,II-3.v-3

?acific . Eleotrie l'~fg.CQ V-3

Mu tu.Al Door Co., IV-5
__.p.a..cU'ic P.ower. -4 -Ligh..t . .:.Qo .., iv...1. 3.
l.!..,, ,.,
t:;
Pacif~c ?t:npa.Inc.,J:I ... 2.3.v1
.?~c1:f-ic

Fewers 1L.4i.-1 0one:tn+otio11 -c o.; t-12

Pratt.wm. E.,N:fg.cc, 1-7

hefabrioat1op. . ~lne.er1ng

Pacific ~elepb.one ~ Telegraph. Oo.,

IV-6
P?.n Aw.ericun Engineeririe Co rrt~l

P:r ~gel,Bol'is, VIt-1

Princeton

Co.,IV-5

Un5;.,-.,t-1,4:~f4;J,.2.4;13,

4:14, 7, II-Z, .3, :UI IV-21, Vt,I-1,

V.UI-~

Penellith Diepleys.IV-5
Co. ,lV-5

.Prineeton Uni"\'l'er~it~1 rnss, t-4=13

I>r!son Indui;tr~e& .. Inc.,Iv-h,5

E'~senc.n.R.JTil,e

Putcl,1... W
a.gn.er Co.,IV-..5
Pa:tterso?)., Bail,y lr,, lV-!5

i?erm.u.t1 t Co n-.;;. JV.,..&!I

Perry Ws.:tehouoe, Vr!-1

l;;etrcleum AO.inJ.nistration fpr War,

Piloi ~utte Trans1~ Line,IV-5

Piping Contractors,lV-21
:Pi tldn;tii.ic1.us, Ine. v~4-VU"."1
ff.tts'bu.r~DesMoines .Steel O.o. ,1v...5

o ~eU.l. iEJ;t.ermina\1~ Oo .,IV-2.U

Oscar Lucks Ct;>., iv...5

l;iat tel"~on...Kel.ley C o~p .tr- 3

Pe~pody~~-. 0. VUt-1
.
Penn Sal t fl. fg. co n1-1
.
J!em.nsr'.l.vani~. Univ. of., .t-4~ 2, 7

Pa.ttercon Fol:ll.1dey t. ME~ch1ne Co.,\r-.:3

Pritcherd,J.r., & Oo.,It-4

P.roc:eas EilginP.erine.inc.,V-3

C(2)10

~[~
. ~'nu: e
Prcess Gcru:"

f 1-;

Mnchine

co., U-2

J~heem Mfg~ Oo., y.p;...1

Rice Inst4' :! VXU-2
. ' ..

!'tograssi ve (iafeteries IV-6

P.ropdlai:r, lnc. I-9

P.Jcb,land L.e:un..~r;, ~v .. 6
R:ichl,end SU.pply Co.. ,lV-6

Froteoto Seal Co. I,V-2!

Public lfoal th. Service, l-4: 6

r'\lpin Laboratory I I 1-2 .
Purdue Tanlt CQ., vtU-l.
P\trd,ue Vniv. 4 I-4 :2,6, 71 v...1,2.1 VII-1,

R1<l~nout l'!1;1z.iageme~t

Roa.dwa.r

co 1~1;z

l!l~ttess, VII-l

Roa.ne-And.eN!on Oo,.1 ... ~.;,s,12.n-4,

5.V-5;6
. . .
Rcl)e,r.ts Filter Mfg,co IV-5

vn1-2~3:1~3~9

lfobertson,H.lI. Co. , VI

Eo1:ii~s Conveyox-,-lnc., U .- ~
~ochesterfUniy.of.I-4;2,6,7,12.v-2.

vxn. . 2, }r4
Rockefal ~et Flmn,d.a.tir;>if v-2
nQeketelter. !net.to~ Uedtcel

r~:j).'l.i ty lfu;r,d~,ar~ Co. ,Xv-6

Qu.u.11 ty ~~e lfc. Ma.chi.n e (for,p

IV5 .
~eenn P~ll.e-~e . 1~4.;2

Rt!sea,rch, t-4:z.li#i4

Rook.wood Sprinkler Qo..,V-5

Rod.ney . ~ox 1 IV~6
.-

!:l9gef s .~~ph, Oo ., t-12 \'~!}

Rae1:ne. ~ .. A. f 1 ....$, Vll-l.

Rad.io1.strtqpa QQmmtttee of Clinton
Lao .,!..-4;)

.,:

Ro~e

yat1ey..

rr. . 5

~oyal Inde~ ty- Oo l-6,

Ru.ia.ne

Co:,vu:-1

Ga-~

Co. ,v..5

O,hemi~al
P..andalJ, ~ . I;o71~. IY: .b
.
.
~anney Water Qo].lec~or Cl)l".P. ,tr-~
Re.rl tall. qopp~i;- W9l':lts, H2

1tu.s1; En_zi1:1.~er1~ <lo. ,1v-2u.5

Re.rtb.eon,.Mfg.Co Vlt-1, 2~ VIII-3l9

S-1 . CQmmittM, i-1.4:13,lu14,II-l,3,

Radium

liu.tg:e:rp tiniv.,l ..4,: 2

Ray,G.,G.~ & 00 u.;..4

Read $fuchtnBcy 09.,.zv-5

Reboleiro 1'1ine, VIl-2
Rec9td Industi-iel Co.,iv-5
:ReeveQ.~. I ., 1v2i

u .r.1 iv-6, v-1

Ret:er,B.P.,&

C-o.,xv. . ~I

u-4

Repn'blic__Flow Jie_ter

lla. _,_J.~~.z.

Saa({,~1-.:?., . ~ s, s. -r~emim., IV-6

$afewB.'1' StoTe~;Inc .. ,!v-6

st.m.lt!ibeth.s 'Hosp1tN.,I-7 .

Retrt.g ere.thn. Systems, In<:,., rv...zl

Reilly~:Uen~on Co .. _

St.J"ohni:i We-id~l"S ~plies, IV-5

St. Louis . Sash .& l,)oor WorkE? t VI!.;1
st.tQ~s

Univ, ,i-412

- .S-~~__auJ. __Engue.~lt.lf;--C-0. -.-lI--.3

E~eAr~~ Oo.,lI-3 . .
Sal. top_ Sea., lfay(;.1 ;.~lirq Air

si 1em

Rep;bl.ic Steel Corp.,I-5),ll-)

Research Corp"', t-4::.2

Research Corp~of N. Y., V-2

ileses,~ch Pr()d.uc ts CQtJ.>. , I I- 3
R~ve:re Copper & Brass Co ... 1-7,
lV-5i6 V-),Vt
.
Retnolds cw:p. 1v~21

Stf.t t~cn., VI!I-2.-3c5, }t 6

S.A,}.! . ~ab9ratpr1es 1 I-4;5, 7, U-1,
J,5~vin-2

Bendis, e;~e,,V!:U-3t6
Sandy l5eac;h Ne.vat Air Sta ti on,

VIU-3:2

Reyn.o ld$ l{et1;1.1 .Ooi'p . .U-2

&Rreent e~ Ltmdy,U-.3 .. 4

Rernolda,n.J., Toba.ceo Co., IY-5

Reynold-e-Uptlike Coal Oo IV-~

Schenoerho:rri L-abc;,!'!to:r.v. U-2

0(2)11

SRCUQ:il

Speer Carbon Oq.,I-4~12,IV-21

Spence~ Tu,rbine Co.,X-4:4

Schinkolobwe lQ,ne, vii-1~ 2

Scbnerr .. 0. H. , xv.-5
Schnitie:t' A.l.io~;f.V-3
Schnorr,C.A. t Co .rV-6

~pe~ry

Standard 011 Co.,of

vrxr-2,3:7

4:a,lut4,U-J,IIX '
Stanford Un1~ ~llI-2
Stanley,A.B co v-.>

'

Co.,

Stauffer Chemical
VII.;.l,.
Stearne-F~ge.ts 1 VX1~1.
.
Stedfiis t & Roule ton, ~nc:. v...3
. S'eel & Allof ~~ Oo. 41 V- 3

cite> .u.,

s~e.i~,
xv~n.
Steph~nson~4cl.6m$on M.fg.OQ

Sherwi:n,-Wtllbuns C' IV-5

XV-5

Shvens Inst.er ~och1lolt>Q...l-4t2

Stewart Wa~r Corp., IV5
s tokes,F.S. ,r.ts.chtne Co .u-2_
,J.5') I-14- s3
Stone&. We~eter Engi~eerin,g Corp
I-:-1,6.s,11,12. 1 t-41 111,tv-21,

Sho.()k:,ChQ.t .R.,Constru.otion Co. ,,

Vi!X-;c4

.S ickles. Go., lU-1

Siler. K.. C. , IV-6
Si11on~ & J evell1. IV-6.
Simpi~x .Wire & Ca.ble Co ., V-3
s.~E\-$ te~ & :Sre_yel',".

"'

Inclieri.~,I-7,

Stancle.rd Oil Co,.of.. New Jel"$ey.II-5

Ste.ndatd Oil Devel~p~ent Co .,I-1

Sea.1;nf} J'iI'st llatton&l .B~,IV-6

SEmeca. Ordn&nce D~pot,VII-1
Se)lr-;nee Coal f..; SUpply Co . , V5
Sb.e.rplf}e corp u-2.. :s~v-3
SrJd.w, .Benjsmin F. ,cQ. i ~v-2u 1 5
Shaw W~ker co ..:cv-5

Co.,V!I-1

Stand.a.rd Ohemical C'o., VtJ:..l

Ste.nde.rd. 011 Co. of Cal1f., tV-5.6

Schut~ & ~erti,ng Co.,u~3,1v-5

Ele~tr1e

S.F. & S.R.R.,tV-4

S~ott, Che.ti. G.. , Co,. t t;n,~., IV-5

Sktd.more . owen~
T:..6. 12 JV~2I

Oyroscope,In.,VII-l

Sprague

Co. . ,II-3
Schori .Proeens Corp.,II-~
Schucla:!tell co.,~v-2x
schulmnn.,A.. $. , EleP.~rie :Co., I-6, 1~.
Schock-Gueme~

Il-1,>h VI .
Sehul te 'rratle~ru In~., I-12
Sch\1.lllat1 1 C. H, . an4 Co. I-7

1Jfol<MATIOl\

r-l,4,5,6.v11-1.VIII-2

u-2

str1ngfe11ow,J.n.,iv-5

&.Merril.l.,.

s~ruse,c.o., &

Son$,V5

StrutherB-Wel.lJ Oo.,tv-5,V-.3,VI

:s.

amt t~.~. o n-5

'

fit\U' ~eve.~, 'B. F., O..o., I.I- V:l

SUll1va.n,Lo~ & &ge1tyI-12

Smith ;$\Ls ttne$,,I-12

MU.van vaive & lmg1ueertng Co.,

S.t:1..i'th Q,ori>.J II-3

smtth liotf.mc.n & Wright, co. , .IV-~

xv;..5
SU.Ulit .. M. M.,eon~tru.ction .Oo.,1-1.

Sm1.t'.h,.L .B._
, l~c., IV5

Sm1 th., Roy c. ; Ti,le Oo., V-5

' $~~~:S,.J,~~.e.
'
l'
SjJ!pg'_M._o.unt.~.1ti_
:1
.. -_.~

VIUl,2

Soli._Wm.G.,-V-5

GouillBll!Pt~rt .m~u11RG Co VU.-1

So~theastern Qrey~ound. Lines, I.- 12

..sun _Jncleimni tv C.o ., I ""'-6.. __ _

Swain & MeyetG 1 1uc.,V""'.5
Swal"twout Oo. ,VI

Sel4 Wel~pllone &

Tele,g:raph Co. ;I...;lz

So~thern Cal1forn1a,Un1v.of,I-4:2.
VIII2
.
southern Iron & Equip~ent Oo.,IV-~

Swind Machtn.e C.o ., :tV-5

Sout~ern

Sou.thern R.R.,1-10.12,u~1 1 4

~~lor lnst~ument

Tenne$aee Avenue

Oo.,I+-2 1 3

Nur~~r 1 I-12

TennesseEl! Coach Co ~-lE

T~nnee-see-Xa.stltian Corp. 1 1-1 1 4;10 1
~.6,7,s,11,l~-5,tv-211,v-1,2.3.5,

southern Vniofi Ga~ CQ.,Vlll-1

Sparkman&. Stevens,lnc VllI-3:1

6, VllI-2
H \

't.: )
0(2)12

SEClJTH ff ]'!11!' 01-\l'~Jl..T l ON

~-)
.

'

'l'ennt!lssee

TennesRae

In$pect~on .BUl'ea.u1 I-12

~ .R. & PuQ11c Utilities

Commission, 112

Tennessee Roofing Co.,II-4,V-5,VI

SportB se:rv~oe,Ino.,l-12

~ennessee

~ennessee 1 un1v.or,1-4:10,II-4,v-6

Tennessee Velley

Authorit~.I-6,10,

1-2,It-1.3,4,5,IV2Il,1V-3~V._3,5.6

Tennyson Nursery,t-12
Prefab House,VlII~l

Texas.un1v.of ,I-4tl0
Thompson Enc lneer~g Co.,IV-2X

i'our,srun,lnc.,II-2

Pacific R.R. ,IV-4

Union Sw1 t ch & Signe.! Oo,, VU ...l

United Aircraft Corp I4:4

United Convejor Oorp~,v~s
United Nations Atomic ~argy
Comml,ssion,J-4:5,4;7
'
Universal 011 Products Co.,iII

VIIl-3;9

of..Nines.v-6,v11-1,2.
.

U.S.Elzpl<i~ment

Transl t ~1:x. Conorete Ooi-p. U-~. ,

Equipment Oo.,IV-5,

vu~1

Se"'ice,v-6,VIU-l

U.S.Ir'id~lity & Guaranty 00 1-6.

vxu-1

U.S.GeQlogic~l

U.S.Offlce ct

frail~ ~ranspor~,IV-5
~1 ~an.e Co. , Il'.- 3

T~ansportation

u~ion

U.S.Dut-e~

Co.,I-9
Tidewa.te~-Aseociated 011 Co.,IV-6
Tolcyo Impedel Uni Ver.s t ty, I-4; 6
Toledo Scale Co.,1v-5
El~ctric

V-5

J{a t~ga,

vir-1,2

Urg~iriea M
1ne.v11-2
u.s.Atom1c ll:nergy ColIIItl1esion,i-1

re~as

Thordarson

Union Min.iere du. llnut

Survey,VII-2

Ed.~atlon.v..6
tr.s.:>~tent Office, 1-4114,l~

U.S.Ptpe & Foundry

Oo.,xv..3,v-5

u.s.Rubber co. 11 1v-.:; 15

U.S.Stone~e

u.s.Strateg~c

Corp,.,V-)
Bol!lbing Su,rve~,I-~- :6

v-4

u.s.~ruck~~ Col"P
C.Qrp. ,t-5.6, 7,14

Travele:rc Insuranc~ Co., l-6

Treegeob-Fed.eral Truck,VIl-1
Trent Tube Mt'g .Cc.,II-2

u-.s. Va.naaiwn

Utlltt)r

Triplett e:. :Batton,tV-5

~railer

Do IV-5

vu-1,e

fri-State Asbestos Co.,V-5,Vl

Tri s tates HomesJ.Inc.,I-12

Oll Co IV-b
Tr'U$Con Ls.bort'l.torle-s,v;..5
Tulane Univ.,X.-4ilO
Turner Oonetruetion Oo i-1~ 1 11-4
~rue

!i'urner-McOoy, II-4
f urner & Ross Oonstru.ct1on Co.,VI

.o:'wal-te--Morr1eon &-Xti.udsen;lV-5
1'yl-e:r_..R. B.c~Inc., I-12

Americ~,I-7~Yil-l

r.-e.per Co., VII-l.

Union Ca:rb14e & Carbon Corp.

(See Carbide

a, Oa rbon Corp.)

Union Mines Development

C.;-

Oorp.,ot

4:14
Vitro Mtg.Oox-p l-7,VII-l

~ &

Vanadi~

Vanderbilt Univ x-4~10

v8ll Eange,John,CQ.,V-5
Vascoloy-Rsmet Cori'.>. 1 Vlit-1 '
Ventur.es ,Ltd v.u...2
YickerG Co.,VlIJ-3r9
Vietoreen X~s.trwn~n t OQ., I-!), tV-2~ 1 5,
Virg1n11l 1'ridt;e Co., II-4
r-14 52.

V1rg1n1a., Univ .or, IV-21, I-4;10, 4:12,

ua.,11;e Corp. ,II-3

Underwood Machine Oo.,V-3
Ungerect,J.G.,IV-5
Union

Va:u, Wm. ,IV-5

Val.l~y lron Worki::, I 121 3

Wabash River ordnance Works,I-1,lU

Waldrip Engineering Co.,IV-5

Corp~

I-5, 6;v11-2

C(2)13

. . ~ -1
I- .. ' . -~..... '.....([,' ...': /~l

RES~
.

ATOM!

GY Acr 1S46

Walter & ~rat er ,I-12

Warner> Eleva.tor Mf~. co .,Iv.. 2u,v...5
W
arren City Hfg.Oo.~IV-5

Wax~ a w Eleva.tor Co., V-5

We.shlng~on M
otor Coach Co

.Wolverin.e 'Iube Co.,II-3,IV-2I

Woode M erc~tm U1e, lill:h M., VlI-1
Worthington Pump ec Machinery Corp . ,

II-3,5, Vt
Wright Aeronnu.tical Oorp.,I-4:4
Wright field.VIII-3:9
Wrieht & Lopei, 1-12

IV-)

Washington. Sta te Dept.of Highwcys,

IV-5

lfa.Ghington Title Insura nc.e Co., XV-4

Washington Vniv.,I-4;2.6.1v-2I, ~,
VI.U-2

Weshittgton,Univ.of,I-7,IV-6.vtII-2

Yakit:na Tent & Awning Co.,IV-5

Wa ter Cooling Eq_uipment,IV-2I

Yel.e & IJ.'ow*' 11. fg. Oo. VII-l

Watson Automotive Equipment Co.,II-3

Wa'hon-Fl~ Engtneering Co~ 1 Il2,

v-4,5

'

Yale un1v.,I-412,4;1~,7,v11-1
York Corp. ~u-3,4., IV-5, v-3,5
Yorkto\.lll,N~vAl M
ine Depot,VIIt-2,

3:1.3&2,3:5

Weber Costello Co.,IV-ZI

Wendover kr'fl1:! Base,VIII-2,3;9
Wendover Fietd,VIlI-3t5.J:6~3:9
We six Eleetrie Jrea.ter Co. ; IV-5
West D1s1nfect1?16 Oo.,IV5

Young & Bertke CQ.,xv~zxx

Young Sal~s Qorp.,II-4

Youhgetow,n Weldillg & Engineer.ill Co

VI

Wes ~P.rliu &. Os.mp bell, xv-2x

Western Eiectr1c Co.,u-1,2,vn-1

Wes~ern Pipe & Steel Oo.,VItI-3:2
Western Reserve Untv.;I-4:2

W~atel'U

Union Telegraph Co.,I-12,

1V2ll,6

& Mfg.Co.,1-l,
4l.4,4:11,4:14. 7, U-2,3,5, IV-2i,
5. \i'-3,5,6, VI. vu-1, I-14 5 '3

~e~~inghoune ~lP-ctric

ADDENDA
Army Pictorial. Servicel I-14 S2

W:e&rtva.co (lhl,9rine Produ.cts, VU-1

W
eyerhauser Sales Co.,IV-5,V-5
Me~a.l
Whit~ co~

tfu.itehead

Pi-odu.ch

xv-5,v-5

Commerce, Dept. of 1 1~14 SJ

Customs, Burea.u of, lll+ SJ

Co .1 11-2.3

Wh1 t].ock Mfg. Co. II-;-5, V-.3

Wigglesworth Mach!,nery O~.,V-3

Interior, Dept.
lnternati.ona+

.ililh1~~ ~ - L1nes,+,-l2

Williins & co.,lnc VI

I~l4

of1

~ ~ad;t

SJ

Office

o fJ

1...14 SJ

Lapp Insulator Co., Il4 S;-3

W1ll16J11S Drug Store, I-12

Willlams,~.K.,Co.,l~l2

l!J.ne.s, Bureau of , I.;..14 S.3

WilsQn,J.G.,Corp.,V-5
Wile.on & .Rogers Co. I-12

State, Dept. of, I-.14 S;)

Wilson-Weecmer-Wilkip.son Co. , V-5

W1na.n$ 1 J.E.,IV~2II

Winkelman,D. w 00.,1-12,11-4
Wis cop.sin, Univ. oi', I-h.: 2, VIII-2
Witwaters Rand,VII-2

0(2)14

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MA!' , MAlmATTAN DI.STP..ICT IliSTALLATIONS AND OFFICES

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