PAST

PR

1. Simple Past

5. Simple Present

active

Passive
Was

(+) V2
(-) Did not

V3

(+)

Was
were

not V3

(-)

Was
were

S V3 ?

(?)

were
V1

(?) Did S V1 ?
(?) Qw did S V1 ?

QW

(?) Qw V2 ?

QW

Was
were
Was
were

(?)

Qw

V3 ?

(?)

Qw

Passive

Was
were
Was
(-)
not
were
Was
(?)
S
were

V5

(+)

(?)

Qw

Was
Were
Was

Do
Does
Do
Does

V5
V5 ?

Was
were
was
were
Was
were

S V5 ?

QW

V5 ?

QW

Were

S
Do
Does
V1
V4

active
V3

Being

active

(+)

is, am, are

not being V3

(-)

is, am, are

not

S being V3 ?

(?)

is, am, are

S being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

is, am, are

being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

is, am, are

Was
were
Was
were

3. Past Perfect

7. Present Perfect
Passive

active
Have
Has
Have

(+) Had V3

Had been V3

(+)

(-) Had not V3

Had not been V3

(-)

(?) Had S V3 ?

Had S been V3 ?

(?)

(?) Qw had S V3 ?

Qw had S been V3 ?

(?)

Qw

(?) Qw Had V3 ?

Qw Had been V3 ?

(?)

Qw

4. Past Perfect Continuous

active

Not

6. Present Continuous

active

Qw

V4

V3 ?

2. Past Continuous

(?)

active
V1

Has
Have
has

V3
not
S
Have
Has
Have
Has

8. Present Perfect Continuous

Passive

active
Have
Has
Have
Has
Have

(+) Had V5

Had been being V3

(+)

(-) Had not been V5

Had not been being V3

(-)

(?) Had S been V5 ?

Had S been being V3 ?

(?)

(?) Qw had S been V5 ?

Qw had S been being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

(?) Qw Had been V5 ?

Qw Had been being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

has

been
not been
S been
Have
Has
Have
Has

TENSE
PRESENT

FUTURE
9. Simple Future
Passive
V3

Is, am, are

active
Will

(+)

Shall

Will
Shall
Will
(?)
Shall

V1

Is, am, are

not

V3

V1 ?

Is, am, are

V3 ?

S V1 ?

QW

Is, am, are

S V3 ?

(?)

Qw

V3 ?

(?)

Qw

QW

Was
were

(-)

Will

V1

not

V1

V1 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S V1 ?

QW

V1 ?

QW

10. Future Continuous

Passive

active

Is, am, are

V5

Is, am, are

not being V3

V5 ?

Is, am, are

S being V3 ?

S V5 ?

QW

Is, am, are

S being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

V5 ?

QW

Is, am, are

being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

Being

V3

Will
Shall
Will
(-)
Shall
Will
(?)
Shall

V5

be

V5

not be

V5

S be

V5 ?

(+)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

be S V5 ?

QW

be V5 ?

QW

11. Future Perfect

Passive
V3
V3
V3 ?

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has

S V3 ?

Qw

V3 ?

Qw

active

been

V3

(+)

not been

V3

(-)

been V3 ?

Have
Has
Have
Has

Shall
Will
(?)
Shall

S been V3 ?

(?)

been V3 ?

(?)

tinuous

Will
Shall
Will

V5
V5 ?

V3

not have

V3

S have

V3 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Qw
Shall
Qw

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S have
V3 ?

Qw

have V3 ?

Qw

12. Future Perfect Continuous

Passive

V5

have

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has

been S V5 ?

Qw

been V5 ?

Qw

active
Will
have been
Shall
Will
(-)
not have been
Shall
Will
(?)
S have been
Shall

been

being V3

not been

being V3

S been

being V3 ?

Have

S been being
V3 ?

(?)

Qw

been being
V3 ?

(?)

Qw

Has
Have
Has

(+)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

V5
V5
V5 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S have
been V5 ?

Qw

have been
V5 ?

Qw

RE

PAST FUTURE
13. Simple Past Future
Passive
be V3

(+)

not be V3

(-)

S be V3 ?

(?)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

active
Should

V1

Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

S be V3 ?

(?)

Qw

be V3 ?

(?)

Qw

not

V1

V1 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

S V1 ?

QW

V1 ?

QW

14. Past Future Continuous

Passive

active

be being V3
not

be being V3

S be being V3 ?
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

Should
Would
Should
(-)
Would
Should
(?)
Would

be

V5

not be

V5

S be

V5 ?

(+)

be S being
V3 ?

(?)

Qw

be being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

Should
Would
Should
Would

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

be S V5 ?

QW

be V5 ?

QW

15. Future Past Perfect Continues

Passive

active

have been

V3

(+)

have not

been V3

(-)

S
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

have been V3
?
S have been
V3 ?
have been
V3 ?

Should
Would
Should

Would
Should
(?)
Would
(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

have

V3

not have

V3

S have

V3 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

S have V3 ?

Qw

have V3 ?

Qw

16.Future Past Perfect Continuous

Passive
have been
being

V3

have not been

being

V3

have been
being V3 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

active
Should
Would
Should
(-)
Would
Should
(?)
Would

(+)

S have been
being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

have been
being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should

have been

V5

not have been

V5

S have been

V5 ?

Should

S have been
V5 ?

Qw

have been V5 ?

Qw

Would
Should
Would

Would

PAST FUTURE
Passive
be V3
not be V3
S be V3 ?
Should
Would
Should

S be V3 ?
be V3 ?

Would

us
Passive
be being V3
be being V3

not
S be being V3 ?
Should
Would
Should
Would

S be being V3 ?
be being V3 ?

ontinues
Passive
have been

V3

have not been

V3

S have been

V3 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

S have been V3 ?
have been V3 ?

ontinuous
Passive
have been being

V3

not have been being

V3

have been being

V3 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

S have been
being V3 ?
have been being
V3 ?

PAST
1. Simple Past
active

Passive
Was
were
Was
were
Was
were

(+)

V2

(-)

Did not

(?)

Did S V1 ?

(?)

Qw did S V1 ?

QW

(?)

Qw V2 ?

QW

V1

V3
not V3
S V3 ?
Was
were
Was
were

V3 ?
V3 ?

2. Past Continuous
active
Was
were

(+)
(-)
(?)

Was
were
Was
were

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Passive
V5
not

V5

V5 ?

Was
Were
Was
Were

Was
were
was
were
Was
were

S V5 ?

QW

V5 ?

QW

V3

Being

not being V3
S being V3 ?
Was
were
Was
were

S being V3 ?

3. Past Perfect
active

Passive

(+)

Had V3

Had been V3

(-)

Had not V3

Had not been V3

(?)

Had S V3 ?

Had S been V3 ?

(?)

Qw had S V3 ?

Qw had S been V3 ?

(?)

Qw Had V3 ?

Qw Had been V3 ?

4. Past Perfect Continuous

active

Passive

(+)

Had V5

Had been being V3

(-)

Had not been V5

Had not been being V3

(?)

Had S been V5 ?

Had S been being V3 ?

(?)

Qw had S been V5 ?

Qw had S been being V3 ?

(?)

Qw Had been V5 ?

Qw Had been being V3 ?

being V3 ?

(?)

Qw Had been V5 ?

Qw Had been being V3 ?

PRESENT
5. Simple Present
active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Passive
V1
V4

Do
Does
Do
Does

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

V3

Is, am, are

Not

V1

Is, am, are

not

V3

V1 ?

Is, am, are

V3 ?

S V1 ?

QW

Is, am, are

S V3 ?

Do
Does
V1

V4

QW

Was

V3 ?

were

6. Present Continuous
active
(+)

Passive

is, am, are

V5

Is, am, are

V3

Being

(-)

is, am, are

not

V5

Is, am, are

not being V3

(?)

is, am, are

V5 ?

Is, am, are

S being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

is, am, are

S V5 ?

QW

Is, am, are

S being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

is, am, are

V5 ?

QW

Is, am, are

being V3 ?

not

V3

V3 ?

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has

7. Present Perfect
active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Passive
V3

Have
Has
Have
Has

S V3 ?

Qw

V3 ?

Qw

been

V3

not been

V3

been V3 ?

Have
Has
Have
Has

S been V3 ?
been V3 ?

8. Present Perfect Continuous

active
(+)
(-)
(?)
(?)

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has
Qw

Passive

been

V5

not been

V5

S been

V5 ?

Have

been S
V5 ?

Have
Has
Have
Has
Have
has
Qw

been

being V3

not been

being V3

S been

being V3 ?

Have

S been being V3 ?

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Has
Have
Has

V5 ?

Qw

been V5 ?

Qw

S been being V3 ?

Has
Have
Has

been being V3 ?

FUTURE
9. Simple Future
active
Will
Shall

(+)
(-)
(?)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Passive
V1
not

V1

V1 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S V1 ?

QW

V1 ?

QW

be V3
not be V3
S be V3 ?
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S be V3 ?
be V3 ?

10. Future Continuous

active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Passive
be

V5

not be

V5

S be

V5 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

be S V5 ?

QW

be V5 ?

QW

be being V3
be being V3

not

S be being V3 ?
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

be S being V3 ?
be being V3 ?

11. Future Perfect

active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will
Shall

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will

have

V3

not have

V3

S have

V3 ?

Will

S have
V3 ?

Qw

have V3 ?

Qw

Shall
Will
Shall

Shall

Passive
have
been

V3

have not

been V3

have been V3 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall

S have been V3 ?
have been V3 ?

12. Future Perfect Continuous

(+)
(-)
(?)

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will

active
have
been

V5

not have
been

V5

S have
been

V5 ?

Will
Shall
Will
Shall
Will

Passive
have
been
being
have not
been
being
S

V3
V3

have been being

V ?

(?)

Shall

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

S have
been

V5 ?

Will
Shall
Will

S have
been V5 ?

Qw

have been
V5 ?

Qw

Shall

have been being

V3 ?

Shall

Will
Shall
Will

S have been
being V3 ?
have been being
V3 ?

Shall

PAST FUTURE
13. Simple Past Future
(+)
(-)
(?)
(?)
(?)

active
Should
Would
Should
not
Would
Should
S
Would
Should
Qw
Would
Should
Qw
Would

Passive
V1
V1
V1 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

S V1 ?

QW

V1 ?

QW

be V3
not be V3
S be V3 ?
Should
Would
Should
Would

S be V3 ?
be V3 ?

14. Past Future Continuous

active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Passive
be

V5

not be

V5

S be

V5 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

be S V5 ?

QW

be V5 ?

QW

be being V3
be being V3

not

S be being V3 ?
Should
Would

S be being V3 ?

Should

be being V3 ?

Would

15. Future Past Perfect Continues

active
(+)
(-)
(?)

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

have

V3

not have

V3

S have

V3 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

Should
Would
Should
Would
Should
Would

S have
V3 ?

Qw

have V3 ?

Qw

Passive
have
been

V3

have not
been

V3

S have
been
Should

V3 ?

Would
Should
Would

S have been V3 ?
have been V3 ?

16.Future Past Perfect Continuous

(+)

active
Should
have
been
Would

V5

Should
Would

Passive
have
been
being

V3

(-)
(?)

Should
Would
Should
Would

(?)

Qw

(?)

Qw

Should
Would
Should
Would

not have
been

V5

S have
been

V5 ?

Should
Would
Should
Would

S have
been V5 ?

Qw

have been
V5 ?

Qw

not have
been
being
S
Should
Would
Should
Would

V3
have been being
V3 ?
S have been
being V3 ?
have been being
V3 ?