SAR Measurements for Earthquake Studies in India"

By
B. K. RASTOGI, Pallabee Choudhury, Rakesh Dumka (ISR)
& K.M. Sreejith (SAC)
Director General

Institute of Seismological Research, Gandhinagar

(Government of Gujarat)
dgisrgad@gmail.com

Web: http://www.isr.gujarat.gov.in

SEISMIC ZONING MAP OF INDIA

InSAR study
Himalaya: for earthquakes of
1991 Uttarkashi M6.6 and
1999 Chamoli M6.4

India
InSAR Study
Kutch: 2008-

Zone
V
IV
III

Magnitude
8
7
6

Kashmir 7.6
Nov. 2005

Current Mw potential vs population

(Bilham & Wallace, May 2005)

Earthquakes in Gujarat from 1668 to present

Epicenters of mainshocks of M2
from 1668 to present in Gujarat

No.

7.7-7.8

6, 6.3

5-5.9

27

4-4.9

68

3-3.9

89

2-2.9

18
(incomplete)

TOTAL

206

MAJOR FAULTS: 8
Kachchh: Katrol Hill, Kachchh Mainland, Island Belt and Nagar-Parkar Faults
Narmada: Narmada North and South Faults Cambay: East and West Cambay

Through Gujarat Seismic Data Bank we Know that 1000 -2000

earthquakes are occurring annually in several areas of Guj.

Shocks of M
Year

<2

2-2.9

3-3.9

2006

205

548

405

2007

89

436

2008

984

615

2009

2134

2010

143

4-4.9 5-5.9 TOTAL

21

1182

674

75

1680

413

54

1768

413

65

2011

917

274

62

2012

1734

372

72

2181

TOTAL

7831

3071

876

43

11827

2605
2248
1257

APPLICATIONS OF DATA BANK

Data bank information is used for Seismic hazard &
Microzonation
Support for relief and rescue by providing info.
about possible affected areas
Help to understand the earth science
system by integrating other Geophysical Parameters

GUJ. DATA IS SOUGHT AFTER

NATIONALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY
Used by over 10 universities from
West Bengal to Tamilnadu, U.P. to
Gujarat, Jharkhand to Uttarakhand and
5 IITs for MTech and PhD.
Intl. collaboration with 5 countries

End- to- End Seismological Research to minimize the impact of earthquakes on human beings

Locations of three MPGO sites at Vamka, Badargadh and

Desalpar as well as Earthq. Res. Centre at Bhachau in Kachchh

BADARGADH MPGO

Hypo DD locations
(ERH, ERZ=0.3km)
MT solutions
USGS: red beach
balls
ISR: black
Mandal: blue.
2001 rupture
zone: thrust,
surrounding areas
more strike-slip
component

GPS network deployed by ISR since 2006

Permanent Stations (25), Proposed Permanent Stations (5) and

Campaign Stations (11)

Local velocity vectors w.r.t ISRG permanent station

GPS: Average Horizontal velocity 1-3 mm/yr

Time
after
2001
bhuj eq

Post-seismic
deformation
(mm/yr)

6m

12

1 yr

1.5 yr

2 yr

Rate of vertical displacement at campaign sites derived

from GPS measurements

GPS: Maximum rate of uplift ~ 13mm/yr

5 corner reflectors
were put to study the
deformation using
DInSAR

(LOS)

InSAR: Vertical deformation up

to 40mm/y (1.5 yr, 2008-2009)
GPS: up to 13mm/y (2006-2011)

Vertical deformation up
to 40mm/y by InSAR and
up to 13mm/y by GPS

CONCLUDING REMARKS
Detail studies needed for Himalayan seismicity.
Results in Kachchh (first time for intraplate earthquake regions)
ENVISAT ASAR data for the periods of 2004-2007 and 2008-2009
while ALOS PULSAR data during 2007-2010 indicate SAR indicates
pockets of high vertical deformation of 1-40mm/yr.
GPS indicates 1-13mm/yr vertical uplift and 2-5mm/yr horizontal
deformation.
Results have revolutionized understanding of intra-plate
earthquakes along ancient rifts
i. Geodetic deformations do occur.
ii. Stress-strain accumulate along large mafic intrusive body.
iii. In plate boundaries earthquakes are along a few major faults
while in intraplate regions several faults may be active. This is a
major shift in seismic hazard assessment in intraplate regions as it
becomes complicated.

Thank You .