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Mech AC 160 L02 Interface Treatments
Mech AC 160 L02 Interface Treatments
Interface Treatments
16.0 Release
ANSYS Mechanical
Advanced Connections
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Chapter Overview
In this Lecture, we will discuss tools available for adjusting the Interface between
contact and target surfaces to simulate more advanced relationships
The following will be covered in this Lecture:
A. Rigid Body Motion
Workshop 2C -Friction
2015 ANSYS, Inc.
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Fn
Contact
Target
The finite element method cannot reconcile rigid-body motion in a static structural
analysis.
- If an initial gap is present and a force based loading is applied, initial contact may not be
established, and one part may fly away relative to another part.
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Contact
Target
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On the left is the original model (mesh). The top red mesh is the body associated with the
Contact surfaces
The Contact surface can be mathematically offset by a certain amount, as shown on the right
in light green. This adjustment will allow for initial contact to be established.
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This is a mathematical adjustment only. Nodes and elements are not altered.
The position of the contact surface is interpreted as being offset by
specified amount.
It has the effect of a change in geometry at the contact interface since a rigid
region will exist between the actual mesh and the offset contact surface.
It is intended for applications where this adjustment is small enough to have a
negligible effect on overall results.
It has proven to be a useful tool to establish initial contact in static analyses without
having to modify the CAD geometry.
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Ramped
Substeps
Time
Stepped
Substeps
Time
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C. Workshop
Please Refer to your Workshop Supplement
W2A: Interference Fit
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Fn
Ft
Contact
Target
Fdt
Fdn
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In addition, the default damping coefficient has been reduced, minimizing the
risk of degraded accuracy while still providing effective stabilization.
Click to edit Master text styles
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The contact stabilization energy can be post processed via the ETABLE command using
the AENE label in a command object. This should be compared to element potential
energy via SENE label on ETABLE.
For example:
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ETABLE,AE,AENE
ETABLE,SE,SENE
SSUM
PRETAB,AE,SE
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No Gap
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E. Workshops
Please refer to your Workshop Supplement
W2B: Contact Stabilization
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Constraint Type options only appear in Details Window when there are Rotational DOFs
in the MPC relationship (i.e. MPC contact involving shell and/or beam elements)
Note, the typical MPC equation listed below establishes a relationship between the
rotational DOF of node 6212 on one surface body edge with displacement DOFs on
adjacent surface
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The default, Target Normal, Couple U to ROT, creates too many constraints, causing an
artificial stiffness at the connection and resulting in a discontinuity of stress and strain
distribution that should not be there
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Beam Normal
Direction
Beam Normal
Direction
Shell elements
Frictionless
Rough
Frictional
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In the example below, there is no benefit to reducing the time step because of the contact
status change (from closed to open). Hence, the default is appropriate.
Step 2
Step 1
Status = Closed
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Status = Closed
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Substep 1
Substep 2
Contact missed
due to coarse
time step
Substep 3
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Helpful for high impact transient dynamic problems where inertia effects are important.
Applicable to situations where the energy created from a local contact penetration at time
of impact exceeds the total potential energy of the original system at time zero.
Can be more efficient than the Predict for Impact option presented on previous slide.
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Frictionless behavior allows the bodies to slide relative to one another without any resistance.
When friction is included, shear forces can develop between the two bodies.
Frictional contact may be used with small-deflection or large-deflection analyses
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The loading must be applied in the same manner as it occurs on the physical parts.
Time steps must be small for good accuracy.
True displacement path
Small time steps
A
Coarse time steps
Note that, unlike for plasticity, auto time stepping does not take into account the size of
the frictional response increment.
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In fact, a single friction test, run at low speed with constant pressure, will frequently display a
fairly erratic force-displacement behavior:
u
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F t a n g en t i a l m F n o r m a l
Where: m =coefficient of static friction
Once the tangential force Ftangential exceeds the above value, sliding will occur
Fn
Ft
m Fn
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For example, a 2D gap element will have the following unsymmetric element matrix when
sliding:
For this reason, Mechanical uses a symmetrization algorithm by which most contact problems
involving friction can be solved with symmetrized matrices
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Contact Frictional Stress and Contact Sliding Distance can be reviewed to get a better understanding
of frictional effects
For Contact Status, Sticking vs. Sliding results differentiate which contacting areas are moving
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