Contributors

Oxford Medicine Online

Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology (4 ed.)

Edited by Richard A. Watts, Philip G. Conaghan, Christopher Denton, Helen Foster,
John Isaacs, and Ulf Mller-Ladner
Latest update
In November 2014, 80 chapters were updated. Numerous updates have been made
including to the chapters on Rheumatoid Arthritis, the Genetics and Environment
section, the Management section, and much more. We also welcome two new authors
Sebastien Viatte and Charles Raine.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Print ISBN-13: 9780199642489
DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199642489.001.0001

Print Publication Date: Oct 2013

Published online: Oct 2013

Contributors
Engy Abdelattif
Department of Osteoarticular Pathology
Manchester Medical School
Manchester
Rita Abdulkader
Norfolk and Norwich University NHS Foundation Trust
Norwich
Shazia Abdullah
Department of Rheumatology
Hinchingbrooke Hospital
Hinchingbrooke Park
Huntingdon

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Contributors
Abhishek Abhishek
Department of Rheumatology
Queen Elizabeth Hospital
University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust
Birmingham
Mario Abinun
Children's BMT Unit
Newcastle General Hospital
Newcastle upon Tyne
Jo Adams
Faculty of Health Sciences
University of Southampton
Highfield
Southampton
Ade Adebajo
Academic Rheumatology Group
University of Sheffield Medical School
Sheffield
Tehseen Ahmed
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases
NHS Foundation Trust
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
Jonathan D. Akikusa
Rheumatology Service
Department of General Medicine
Royal Children's Hospital
Parkville, Victoria
Australia
Daniel Aletaha
Division of Rheumatology
Department of Internal Medicine 3
Medical University Vienna
Vienna
Austria
Adil Al-Nahhas
Imperial College Healthcare Trust
Hammersmith Hospital
London
Ismael Atchia
North Tyneside General Hospital
North Shields
Tyne and Wear
Eileen Baildam
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
Eaton Road
Alder Hey

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Contributors
Liverpool
Jyoti Bakshi
Rheumatology Department
Royal Berkshire Hospital
Reading
S. Balamoody
Biomedical Imaging Institute
University of Manchester
Manchester
Thomas Bardin
Universit Paris VII
Service de Rheumatologie
Hopital Lariboisire
Paris
France
Anne Barton
Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit
University of Manchester
Manchester
Nuno Batista
Department of Spinal Disorders
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Thomas Beckingsale
North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle Upon Tyne
David Bending
Rheumatology Unit
UCL Institute of Child Health
London
Mike Benjamin
Emeritus Professor
School of Biosciences
University of Cardiff
Cardiff
Michael W. Beresford
Department of Women's and Children's Health
Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool
Department of Paediatric Rheumatology
Alder Hey Children's NHS Hospital Foundation Trust
Liverpool
Jessica Bertrand
Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine
University Hospital Munster
Munster
Germany

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Contributors
Ashok K. Bhalla
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases
NHS Foundation Trust
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
Kuljeet Bhamra
Rheumatology Department
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Marc Bijl
Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology
Martini Hospital
Groningen
The Netherlands
Johannes W. J. Bijlsma
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
University Medical Centre Utrecht
Utrecht
The Netherlands
Fraser Birrell
Institute of Cellular Medicine
Musculoskeletal Research Group
The Medical School
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
Nick Bishop
Academic Unit of Child Health
Department of Human Metabolism
University of Sheffield
Sheffield Children's Hospital
Sheffield
Julian Blake
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
Norwich
David A. Bong
Instituto Poal de Reumatologia
Barcelona
Spain
Simon Bowman
Rheumatology Department
Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
William H. Breidahl
Royal Perth Hospital
Perth
Western Australia
Australia

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Contributors
Paul A. Brogan
University College London
Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond
Street Hospital NHS Trust
London
Barbara M. Brker
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitt Greifswald
Institut fr Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin
Abteilung Immunologie
Greifswald
Germany
Matthew Brown
University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
Translational Research Institute Princess Alexandra Hospital Woolloongabba, Brisbane
Queensland
Australia
Philip M. Brown
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Institute of Cellular Medicine
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
Kay Brune
Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg
Erlangen
Germany
Hermine I. Brunner
Division of Rheumatology
Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati
Ohio
Christopher Buckley
Rheumatology Research Group
Centre for Translational Inflammation Research
School of Immunity & Infection
College of Medical & Dental Sciences
University of Birmingham Research Laboratories
Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham
Gerd-R. Burmester
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
Charit-Universittsmedizin Berlin
Free University and Humboldt University Berlin
Berlin
Germany
Frank Buttgereit
Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
Charit-Universittsmedizin Berlin

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Contributors
Berlin
Germany
Loreto Carmona
Universidad Camilo Jose Cela
Villafranca del Castillo
Madrid
Spain
Graeme J. Carroll
School of Medicine
University of Notre Dame Australia; and
Fremantle Hospital
Western Australia
Hector Chinoy
The University of Manchester
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
Salford
Alvina D. Chu
Division of Immunology and Rheumatology
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford CA
Julia Clark
Paediatric Infectious Diseases
Infection Management and Prevention Service
Royal Children's Hospital Brisbane Australia
Sophie Cleanthous
Centre for Rheumatology Research
Division of Medicine
University College London
London
Jacqui Clinch
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
Bristol
Laura C. Coates
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and Leeds NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
J. Gerry Coghlan
Cardiology Department
Royal Free Hospital
London
Helen Cohen
Dept of Rheumatology
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
Stanmore
Middlesex

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Contributors
Philip G. Conaghan
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds
Cyrus Cooper
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton; and NIHR Musculoskeletal
Biomedical Unit,
University of Oxford, Oxford
Robert G. Cooper
The University of Manchester
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
Salford
Andrew P. Cope
Head, Academic Department of Rheumatology
Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology of Inflammation
Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Diseases
King's College School of Medicine
King's College
London
Nicola Dalbeth
Bone and Joint Research Group
Department of Medicine
University of Auckland
Grafton, Auckland
New Zealand
Bhaskar Dasgupta
Department of Rheumatology
Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Westcliff-on-Sea
Essex
Cosimo D. Bari
Institute of Medical Sciences
University of Aberdeen
Aberdeen
Chris Deighton
Department of Rheumatology
Royal Derby Hospital
Derby
Angelo Del Buono
Department of Rheumatology
University Campus Biomedico
Rome
Italy
Christopher P. Denton
Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases
Department of Inflammation

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Contributors
Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School
Royal Free Campus
London
Stanley C. Deresinski
Redwood City
California
Ida Dzifa Dey
Rheumatology Department
University College London Hospital
London
Robert Dinser
Justus-Liebig University Giessen
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology
Kerckhoff-Klinik GmbH
Bad Nauheim
Germany
Michael Doherty
Academic Rheumatology
University of Nottingham
Nottingham, UK
Radboud Dolhain
Department of Rheumatology
Erasmus MC
University Medical Centre
Rotterdam
The Netherlands
Thomas Drner
Med. Klinik m.S. Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie and DRFZ Berlin
Berlin
Germany
Tilman Dreke
Inserm ERI-12
UFR de Mdecine/Pharmacie
Universit de Picardie Jules Verne
Amiens
France
Ciarn M. Duffy
Max Keeping Wing
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada
Lisa Dunkley
Department of Rheumatology
Royal Hallamshire Hospital
Sheffield
Christopher Edwards
Department of Rheumatology

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Contributors
Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
Mark H. Edwards
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit
University of Southampton
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
Hermann Einsele
University Hospital Wrzburg
Internal Medicine II
Wrzburg
Germany
Despina Eleftheriou
Institute of Child Health
London
Assia Eljaafari
Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
Hpital Edouard Herriot
University of Lyon
Lyon
France
Benjamin Ellis
Department of Rheumatology
King's College Hospital
Denmark Hill
London
Edzard Ernst
Complementary Medicine
Peninsula Medical School
Exeter
Devon
Steve Eyre
Centre for Musculoskeletal Research
Institute for Inflammation and Repair
Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences
University of Manchester
Manchester
Jeremy Fairbank
Department of Spinal Disorders
Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Saul N. Faust
Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility
University of Southampton
Southampton

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Contributors
Eugen Feist
Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
Charit-Universittsmedizin Berlin
Berlin
Germany
Jeremy Field
Consultant in Trauma and Orthopaedics
Cheltenham General Hospital
Cheltenham
Max Field
Wolfson Medical School Building
University of Glasgow
Glasgow
Francisco Figueiredo
Department of Ophthalmology
Royal Victoria Infirmary
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
Andrew Filer
School of Immunity and Infection
MRC Centre for Immune Regulation
College of Medical and Dental Sciences
University of Birmingham
Edgbaston
Birmingham
Volker Fingerle
Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority
Oberschleiheim
Germany
Roy Fleischmann
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
DallasTX
Joanne Foo
Rheumatology Department
York District Hospital
York
Helen Foster
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Newcastle University
Medical School
Newcastle upon Tyne
Amy Foulkes
The Dermatology Centre
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
Manchester
Anthony J. Freemont
School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences

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Contributors
University of Manchester
Manchester
Klaus Frommer
Justus-Liebig University Giessen
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology
Kerckhoff-Klinik GmbH
Bad Nauheim
Germany
Karl Gaffney
Department of Rheumatology
The Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital
NHS Foundation Trust
UK
Maria Galindo
Rheumatology Department
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
Madrid
Spain
Clare Galton
Department of Neurology
Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust
Ipswich
J. S. Hill Gaston
Division of Rheumatology
Department of Medicine
University of Cambridge
Cambridge
Steffen Gay
Department of Rheumatology
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich
Switzerland
Paul Genever
Department of Biology
University of York
York
Craig Gerrand
North of England Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Service
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle Upon Tyne
Helena Gleeson
Department of Endocrinology
Leicester Royal Infirmary
Leicester
Caroline Gordon
School of Immunity and Infection
College of Medical and Dental Sciences

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Contributors
The Medical School
University of Birmingham
Edgbaston
Birmingham
Andrew Graham
Department of Neurology
Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust
Ipswich
Rodney Grahame
Department of Rheumatology
University College Hospital
London
Andrew J. Grainger
Radiology Department and Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre
Chapel Allerton Hospital
Leeds Teaching Hospitals
Leeds
Damian Griffin
Clinical Sciences Research Institute
Warwick Orthopaedics
Warwick Medical School
Coventry
Christopher Griffiths
Dermatology Centre
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
University of Manchester
Manchester
Alexei A. Grom
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Division of Rheumatology
Cincinnati
Ohio
Wolfgang L. Gross
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
Vasculitis Center
University Hospital Schleswig Holstein
Lbeck
Germany
Monica N. Gupta
Rheumatology Department
Gartnavel General Hospital
Glasgow
Richard Haigh
Dept. of Rheumatology
Royal Devon and Exeter Foundation Trust
Exeter
Alan J. Hakim

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Contributors
Consultant Rheumatologist and Acute Physician
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Barts Health NHS Trust
London
Philip Hamann
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
John Hamburger
University of Birmingham School of Dentistry
Birmingham
Jennifer Hamilton
Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Gateshead
Tyne and Wear
Louise Hamilton
Department of Rheumatology
The Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Norwich
Nicholas C. Harvey
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit
University of Southampton
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
Philip N. Hawkins
National Amyloidosis Centre
Division of Medicine
UCL Medical School
Royal Free Campus
London
Marloes Heijstek
University Medical Centre
Wilhelmina Children's Hospital
Department of Paediatric Immunology and Rheumatology
Utrecht
The Netherlands
Marianne Heitzmann
Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine
University Hospital Munster
Munster
Germany
Philip S. Helliwell
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds, Leeds
Martina Henniger
Agaplesion Frankfurter Diakonie Kliniken gGmbH
Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus

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Contributors
Akademisches Lehr-KH der Goethe-Universitt
Frankfurt
Germany
Ariane Herrick
The University of Manchester
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
Salford
Sarah Hewlett
Department of Nursing and Midwifery
University of the West of England
Bristol
Geoff Hide
Department of Radiology
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle upon Tyne
Anne Hinks
Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
The University of Manchester
Manchester
Burkhard Hinz
Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology
University of Rostock
Rostock
Germany
Julia U. Holle
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
Vasculitis Center
University Hospital Schleswig Holstein
Lbeck
Germany
Rosemary J. Hollick
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
Foresterhill
Aberdeen
Kate L. Holliday
Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit
The Medical School
Manchester
Christopher R. Holroyd
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit
University of Southampton
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
Lindsey Hooper
Solent NHS Trust

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Contributors
University of Southampton
Faculty of Health Sciences
Southampton
Susan Hopkins
Department of Microbiology
Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School
Royal Free Campus
London
Kristin Houghton
Division of Rheumatology
Department of Pediatrics
University of British Columbia
Vancouver
Canada
Rachel K. Hoyles
Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine
Churchill Hospital
Oxford
Graham R. V. Hughes
Head of the Lupus Centre, London Bridge Hospital
London
Frances Humby
Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology
2nd Floor, John Vane Science Centre
William Harvey Research Institute
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry
Queen Mary University of London
London
Jennifer Humphries
Department of Radiology
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle upon Tyne
John D. Isaacs
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Institute of Cellular Medicine
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne
David Isenberg
Department of Inflammation
UCL Division of Medicine
London
Johannes W. G. Jacobs
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
University Medical Center Utrecht
Utrecht
The Netherlands
Deepak R. Jadon

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Contributors
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases
NHS Foundation Trust
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
Sharmila Jandial
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Newcastle University
Medical School
Newcastle upon Tyne
David Jayne
Vasculitis and Lupus Clinic
Addenbrooke's Hospital
Cambridge
Karl Johnson
Radiology Department
Birmingham Children's Hospital
Birmingham
Maria Juarez
Rheumatology Research Group
School of Immunity and Infection
College of Medical and Dental Science
University of Birmingham
Birmingham
David Kane
Adelaide and Meath Hospital
Dublin
Republic of Ireland
Lesley Kay
Musculoskeletal Services Directorate
The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Musculoskeletal Research
Group
Newcastle University
Andrew Keat
Rheumatology Department
Northwick Park Hospital
Harrow
Middlesex
Gregory J. Keir
Interstitial Lung Disease Unit
Royal Brompton Hospital
London
Clive Kelly
Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Gateshead
Tyne and Wear
Carol A. Kemper
Palo Alto Medical Foundation

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Contributors
Mountain View California
Patrick Kesteven
Department of Haematology
Freeman Hospital
High Heaton
Newcastle upon Tyne
Munther A. Khamashta
Director of Graham Hughes Lupus Research Laboratory
Division of Women's Health
King's College London
London
Yukiko Kimura
Pediatric Rheumatology Division
Joseph M Sanzari Children's Hospital
Hackensack University Medical Center
Hackensack
New Jersey
Stefan Kluzek
Rheumatology Department
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Adelheid Korb
Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine
University Hospital Munster
Munster
Germany
Andreas Krause
Department of Rheumatology
Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin
Berlin
Germany
Thomas Krieg
University of Cologne
Cologne
Germany
Anoop Kuttikat
Department for Rheumatology
Addenbrooke's, Cambridge University Hospitals
Cambridge
Helen J. Lachmann
National Amyloidosis Centre
Division of Medicine
UCL Medical School
Royal Free Campus
London
Joanna Ledingham
Department of Rheumatology

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Contributors
Queen Alexandra Hospital
Cosham
Portsmouth
Myles Lewis
Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
Kings College London
Guy's Hospital
London
Mark Lillicrap
Department of Rheumatology
Hinchingbrooke Hospital
Huntingdon
Peter E. Lipsky
1545 London Road
CharlottesvilleVirginia
Chris Little
Hand & Upper Limb Surgery Unit
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust
Oxford
Mark Little
Trinity Health Kidney Centre
Trinity College Dublin
Tallaght Hospital Dublin
Berenice Lopez
Department of Chemical Pathology
Harrogate District Hospital
Harrogate
Daniel J. Lovell
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati
Ohio
Raashid Luqmani
Rheumatology Department
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Alex MacGregor
Norwich Medical School
University of East Anglia
Norwich
Peter J. Maddison
Emeritus Professor of Musculoskeletal Medicine University of Wales, Bangor
Nicola Maffulli
Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry
London;
Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine and Surgery, Salerno University School of

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Contributors
Medicine and Surgery, Salerno, Italy
Bernhard Manger
Department of Medicine III
University Hospital Erlangen
Erlangen
Germany
Tarnya Marshall
Norfolk and Norwich University NHS Foundation Trust
Norwich
Norfolk
Alberto Martini
IRCCS G. Gaslini
Pediatria II, Reumatologia, PRINTO
Genova
Italy
Helena Marzo-Ortega
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and Leeds NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
Justin Mason
Vascular Sciences
Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine
Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital
London
Loren A. Matheson
Centre for Practice Changing Research
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada
Wilfried Mau
Instituts fr Rehabilitationsmedizin
Medizinische Fakultt
Martin-Luther-Universitt Halle-Wittenberg
Halle
Germany
Hayley McBain
Centre of Health Services Research
School of Health Sciences
City University London
London
John McBeth
Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit
The Medical School
Manchester
Candy McCabe
Bath Centre for Pain Services

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Contributors
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases Foundation Trust
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
Liza McCann
Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
Liverpool
Andrew McCaskie
Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
Freeman Hospital
High Heaton
Newcastle upon Tyne
Janet E. McDonagh
Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Birmingham
Dennis McGonagle
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and Leeds NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
UK
Laura McGregor
Centre for Rheumatic Disease
Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow
Neil McHugh
Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases
Upper Borough Walls
Bath
Ian McNab
Hand & Upper Limb Surgery Unit
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust
Oxford
Esperanza Merino
Department of Infectious Diseases
Universidad Miguel Hernandez
Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
Spain
Sonja Merkesdal
Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
Working Group for Health Economics and Clinical Epidemiology
Hannover Medical School
Hannover
Germany
Maribel I. Miguel
Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit
Department of Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics

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Contributors
University of Barcelona
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
Spain
Kirsten Minden
German Rheumatism Research Centre, Berlin
Epidemiology Unit,
Childrens university hospital
Charit-Universittsmedizin Berlin
Berlin
Germany
Pierre Miossec
Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology
Hpital Edouard Herriot
University of Lyon
Lyon
France
Anna Mistry
Rheumatology Department
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Pia Moinzadeh
Department of Rheumatology
Royal Free Hospital
London
Ingrid Mller
Instituto Poal de Reumatologia
Barcelona
Spain
Ulf Mller-Ladner
Justus-Liebig University Giessen
Kerckhoff Klinik Bad Nauheim
Germany
Joachim Mller-Quernheim
Department of Pneumology
University Medical Centre Freiburg
Freiburg
Germany
Saraswathi Murthy
Department of Infectious Diseases
Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School
Royal Free Campus
London
Stanley J. Naides
Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute
Immunology
San Juan Capistrano
California

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Contributors
Michel Neidhart
Center of experimental Rheumatology
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich
Switzerland
Elena Neumann
Justus-Liebig University Giessen
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology
Kerckhoff-Klinik GmbH
Bad Nauheim
GERMANY
Stanton Newman
Centre of Health Services Research
School of Health Sciences
City University London
London
Wan-Fai Ng
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Institute of Cellular Medicine
University of Newcastle
Newcastle upon Tyne
Kiran Nistala
Rheumatology Unit
UCL Institute of Child Health
London
Eleana Ntatsaki
Department of Rheumatology
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
Norwich
Anne O'Brien
School of Health and Rehabilitation
Keele University
Keele
Janice O'Connell
Sunderland Hospital
Sunderland
Tyne and Wear
Philip J. O'Connor
Department of clinical radiology and Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Chapel Allerton Hospital
Leeds
Olabambo Ogunbambi
Hull York Medical School
Hull Royal Infirmary
Hull
John K. Olynyk
Department of Gastroenterology

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Contributors
Fremantle Hospital
Fremantle, WA
Australia;
Institute for Immunology & Infectious Diseases
Murdoch University
Murdoch, WA
Australia;
Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute
Curtin University
Bentley, WA
Australia
Cate H. Orteu
Royal Free Hospital
London
Monika stensen
Department of Rheumatology
Srlandet Hospital
Kristiansand
Norway
Andrew J. K. str
Department of Rheumatology
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Tust Addenbrookes Hospital
Cambridge
Thomas Pap
Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine
University Hospital Munster
Munster
Germany
Eliseo Pascual
Department of Rheumatology
Universidad Miguel Hernandez
Hospital General Universitario de Alicante
Spain
Yusuf I. Patel
Hull York Medical School
Hull Royal Infirmary
Hull
Dorothy Pattison
St Mabyn
Cornwall
Harry Petrushkin
Department of Medical and Neuro-Ophthalmology
Medical Eye Unit
St Thomas' Hospital
London
Matthew C. Pickering
Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research

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Contributors
Department of Medicine
Imperial College London
Hammersmith Campus
London
Clarissa Pilkington
Department of Rheumatology
Great Ormond Street Hospital
London
Nicol Pipitone
Unita di Reumatologia
Ospedale di Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia
Italy
Costantino Pitzalis
Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology
2nd Floor, John Vane Science Centre
William Harvey Research Institute
Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry
Queen Mary University of London
London
Philip Platt
Rheumatology Department
Freeman Hospital
High Heaton
Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Antje Prasse
Department of Pneumology
University Medical Centre Freiburg
Freiburg
Germany
Elizabeth Price
Department of Rheumatology
Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
Swindon
Kari Puolakka
Lappeenranta Central Hospital
Lappeenranta
Finland
Helga Radner
Division of Rheumatology
Department of Internal Medicine 3
Medical University Vienna
Vienna
Austria
Stuart H. Ralston
Molecular Medicine Centre
Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine

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Contributors
Western General Hospital
Edinburgh
Athimalaipet V. Ramanan
Paediatric Rheumatology
Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
Bristol
Saaeha Rauz
Academic Unit of Ophthalmology
College of Medical and Dental Sciences
University of Birmingham
Birmingham
Angelo Ravelli
Pediatria II, Reumatologia
Istituto G. Gaslini
Genova
Italy
Gerry Rayman
The Diabetes Centre
Ipswich Hospitals NHS Trust
Ipswich
Anthony C. Redmond
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and Leeds NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
David Rees
Department of Haematological Medicine
King's College London School of Medicine
King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
London
Stefan Rehart
Agaplesion Frankfurter Diakonie Kliniken GmbH
Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus
Akademisches Lehr-KH der Goethe-Universitt
Frankfurt
Germany
David M. Reid
Medical School
University of Aberdeen
Foresterhill
Aberdeen
Luis Requena
Department of Dermatology
Fundacin Jimnez Daz
Madrid
Spain
Graham Riley

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Contributors
School of Biological Sciences
University of East Anglia
Norwich
Mark Roberts
Department of Neurology
Salford Royal Hope Hospital
Salford
Joanna Robson
Rheumatology Department
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Edward Roddy
Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre
Primary Care Sciences
Keele University
Keele
Gerhard Rogler
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich
Switzerland
Emma L. Rowbotham
Radiology Department
Royal United Hospitals
Bath
Martin Rudwaleit
Endokrinologikum Berlin and Charit University Medicine
Berlin
Germany
Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
Department of Internal Medicine
Hospital de Cruces
University of the Basque Country
Bilbao
Spain
Nicolino Ruperto
Istituto G. Gaslini
Pediatria II, Reumatologia, PRINTO
Genova
Italy
Sarah Ryan
The Haywood Hospital
Burslem
Stoke on Trent
Alan Salama
UCL Centre for Nephrology
Royal Free Hospital

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Contributors
London
Benazir Saleem
Rheumatology Department
York District Hospital
York
Carlo Salvarani
Unita di Reumatologia
Ospedale di Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia
Italy
Hans-Georg Schaible
Department of Physiology
Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena
Jena
Germany
Georg Schett
Department of Internal Medicine 3
University of Erlangen-Nuremburg
Erlangen
Germany
Benjamin E. Schreiber
Rheumatology Department
Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust
London
David G. I. Scott
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust
Norwich and Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich
David L. Scott
Department of Rheumatology
King's College London School of Medicine
Weston Education Centre
London
Michael P. Seed
Medicines Research Group
School of Sport Health and Bioscience
University of East London
London
Emire Seyahi
University Hospital
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty
University of Istanbul
Aksaray
Istanbul
Turkey
Sanjeev Sharma
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes
Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

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Contributors
Peterborough
Nicholas Shenker
Department for Rheumatology Addenbrooke's, Cambridge University Hospitals
Cambridge
Joachim Sieper
Department of Rheumatology
CharitCampus Benjamin Franklin
Berlin
Germany
Tuulikki Sokka
Jyvskyl Central Hospital
Jyvskyl
Finland
Jeremy Sokolove
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
Palo Alto
California
Taunton R. Southwood
Birmingham Children's Hospital
NHS Foundation Trust and the College of Medical and Dental Sciences
University of Birmingham
Birmingham
Cathy Speed
c/o Cambridge Lea Hospital
Impington
Cambridge
Cornelia M. Spies
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immmunology
Charit-Universittsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte
Berlin
Germany
Miles Stanford
Medical Eye Unit
St Thomas's Hospital
London
Andrew Steer
Department of General Medicine
Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne
Parkville, Victoria
Australia
Vibeke Strand
Division of Immunology/Rheumatology
Stanford University School of Medicine
Palo Alto
California
Rainer H. Straub

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Contributors
Department of Internal Medicine 1
University Hospital Regensburg
Regensburg
Germany
Priya Sukhtankar
Wellcome Trust
Southampton General Hospital
Southampton
Cord Sunderktter
Department of Dermatology
University Hospital of Mnster
Mnster
Germany
Deborah P. M. Symmons
Centre for Musculoskeletal Research
Institute of Inflammation and Repair
University of Manchester
Manchester
Mark Taylor
Bioengineering Science Research Group
School of Engineering Science
University of Southampton
Highfield
Southampton
Elke Theander
Rheumatology Department
University Hospital Malm
Lund University
Lund
Sweden
Ranjeny Thomas
UQ Diamantina Institute
Princess Alexandra Hospital
Woolloongabba, Queensland
Australia
Ben Thompson
Freeman Hospital
High Heaton
Newcastle upon Tyne
Paul Thompson
Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
Poole
Wendy Thomson
Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
The University of Manchester
Manchester

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Contributors
Clare Thornton
Vascular Sciences
Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine
Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital
London
Linda Troeberg
The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology
University of Oxford
Oxford
Lori B. Tucker
Division of Rheumatology
Department of Pediatrics
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, BC
Canada
Carl Turesson
Department of Rheumatology
Skne University Hospital
Malm
Sweden
Patrick J. Twomey
Clinical Biochemistry
The Ipswich Hospital
Ipswich
Alan Tyndall
Department of Rheumatology
University Hospital Basel
Basel
Switzerland
Neil Upadhyay
Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery
Bristol Royal Infirmary
Bristol
Ana Valdes
Department of Twin Research
King's College London
London
Sander van Assen
Department of internal medicine, division of infectious diseases
University Medical Center Groningen
Groningen
The Netherlands
Jacob M. van Laar
Musculoskeletal Research Group
Institute of Cellular Medicine
Newcastle University
Newcastle upon Tyne

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Contributors
Piet van Riel
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
Nijmegen
The Netherlands
Annibale Versari
Unita di Medicina Nucleare
Ospedale di Reggio Emilia
Reggio Emilia
Italy
Tonia L. Vincent
The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology
University of Oxford
Arjan Vissink
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Groningen
University Medical Center Groningen
Groningen
The Netherlands
Reinhard E. Voll
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology
University of Freiburg
Freiburg
Germany
Tim Vyse
Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
Kings College London
Guy's Hospital
London
David Walker
Musculoskeletal Unit
Freeman Hospital
Newcastle upon Tyne
Karen Walker-Bone
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit
Southampton General Hospital
Tremona Road
Southampton
Peter Wall
Hospital Health Sciences
Warwick Medical School
Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories
Coventry
David A. Walsh
Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre
Academic Rheumatology
University of Nottingham Clinical Sciences Building
City Hospital

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Contributors
Nottingham
Louise Watson
NIHR Academic Clinical Lecturer
Institute of Translational Medicine University of Liverpool
Richard A. Watts
Department of Rheumatology
Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust
Ipswich
Lucy R. Wedderburn
Rheumatology Unit
UCL Institute of Child Health
London
Athol U. Wells
Royal Brompton Hospital
London
Claire Y. J. Wenham
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine
University of Leeds and Leeds NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
Leeds
Sarah Westlake
Rheumatology Department
Poole Hospital NHS Trust
Poole
Ross Wilkie
Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre
Primary Care Sciences
Keele University
Keele
Anita Williams
Directorate of Prosthetics, Orthotics and Podiatry
College of Health Science
University of Salford
Salford
Frances M.K. Williams
Department of Twin Research
King's College London
London
Elspeth Wise
Encompass Healthcare
The Galleries Health Centre
Washington
Tyne and Wear
Roger Wolman
Department of Rheumatology and Sport and Exercise Medicine
Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
Brockley Hill

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Contributors
Stanmore
Middlesex
B.P. Wordsworth
National Institute for Health Research Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit
Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences
(University of Oxford)
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
Oxford
Jane Worthington
Centre for Musculoskeletal Research
Institute for Inflammation and Repair
Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences
University of Manchester
Manchester
Nico Wulffraat
Department of Paediatric Immunology
University Medical Centre Utrecht
Utrecht
The Netherlands
Matthew Wyse
University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire University Hospital
Coventry
Hasan Yazici
University Hospital
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty
University of Istanbul
Aksaray
Istanbul
Turkey
Kanako Yoshida
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
Foresterhill
Aberdeen
Sebahattin Yurdakul
University Hospital
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty
University of Istanbul
Aksaray
Istanbul
Turkey
Imene Zerizer
Department of Nuclear Medicine
The Royal Marsden Hospital
Surrey
Angela Zink
Epidemiology Unit
Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum

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Contributors
Berlin
Germany
Gernot Zissel
Department of Pneumology
University Medical Centre Freiburg
Freiburg
Germany
Francesco Zulian
Department of Paediatrics
University of Padua
Padua
Italy

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