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Noffke1997
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Elliott1991

Kemmis
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McKernan1991

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propositional knowledge

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2002Kemmis McTaggart1988
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p.33 Grundy

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facilitator

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Grundy1982
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Dewey
1988109
;
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Dewey
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Pragmatism
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(William James, 1842-1910)(John Dewey, 1859-1952)

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Critical Theory

A
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1988

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(structural-functionalism)
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ofSocialAction)Parsons

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1.

2.

Paradigmatic Epistemology
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(scientific
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(extraordinary science) (scientific revolution)
1988

1. (scientific paradigm)

18

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2. (scientific community)

3. (extraordinary science)

4. (extraordinary science)

5. (scientific revolution)

;
;

1988118-119

1988

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1.

(1)
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( 3 )

Altrichter, Posch & Somekh,1993/1997

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1996/2001)
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Elliott

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2000
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Altrichter, Posch & Somekh1993

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28

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Elliott(1985)

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2.
()
()
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29

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()

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(
2002)

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2000

McKernan (1996)

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3.

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McnifflomaxWhitehead1996
2001pp188-193

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1-5

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2002

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1996
1999395,2-11
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