Professional Documents
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Single-Dome (Contrucao Com Adobe)
Single-Dome (Contrucao Com Adobe)
Single-Dome (Contrucao Com Adobe)
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bagShelter- DomeComPonents
i i rti
1L
i .\l ql .l
A SINGLEDOME
lp
I p"-a
EI{TRY
' qg
miDows
(PPSS)fYP,
LOCAID
F O RS UN
ANDWIND
F1
"Eg
,t81ffi
ENTRAI{CE
*
"-
DOME PLAN
SANDBAGSHELTER
:, I ' E R
l DO BE
SA NDB A C
S HFLTE R
t h e e n hu n d ry o u fe e t.
R ght : D88Lng
d f i I nAs m | p o tso r b u c l e tsl o e s m l
pot equas abou to n es rro v eme a s u re ).
24
.t
:t
(..\1. |
'!
li I ft
.:.'.t:t.,..t.,t t.
':,':.,
t. ',..,.::.,a..
':a:' .r.
":
.-.
}-t.1
A bove:A sl rel ters handbrLt by si u' l ents,
i j ggi rgend passng potsof eadh !D to the
r\.ilhhunrn Inowlcdl:e,healtlv
. 1. ,,1rrih 'h.ll(r g,r(nrs.
-.1 tr,rn1N)rk. Shcllos(irn bc hnctbtilt, {nrcsrnallPot .1t
p|rps,L11.oll
iter .!\rllrcl
)..li.11]r/ed
ri5rDg
ilr'
*::
'.:.
t . .i;::.
LeftrThe
l l e otearthd | l rnj shcs.w h l e l he
dorcdS !peradobe/sandbag
she1egrow s
t oolsn e e d e di o b u l d .
Abov e: T he
.\ s)
26
t\l 1A
l .l l .l - tl .i l .-li llt
i H
Preparingto Build
archformsor
tenrporary
Below:Wooden
slzes.Agoodformhasa haclle(a
dltrerent
r I ti A I) 0 ll r" - s A N D ll A G 3 | | fi i. l ll li
2J
2rJ
' l :i . l
..: ,
if. .
l; 9}i a 1 l- lt
29
I H Ai-ll.l
a..{a -:.:
iil f!
the Mixture
-ecking
el to ensurethc malnnunr
''ri eathmil shouldbe moist but not
you
particlcs.
sqcezethe mL\ in yo hand
Whcn
::r.rh of the ca-rth
yet does not ip water'
aPart
not
fall
:: cluit form ba]l tilat does
lvhen tampcd' ad lvi[
wil
not
comPact
Il ii is too dry, the carth
fluid !\hcn
it
becomes
wet
it
is
too
.t hardc'n insje the baSs lf
it has hardened'
\'vhcn
weak$
and
build
akinS it diffic;lt to
rr4red,
{or buildis
sitable
mixture
stabilized
io assureyirrself that the
hand
in
your
::i:] sqricezeseveral samPles
Above:Siabllzed eaith mix readyto 0e
Left:Squeezingtocheck lthe eaftn rs
readyto be plt into the bags
:Ll'Li,rI)O-Btl
S {}JIlt:!G
5li l, t rR
3:l
wtNDows
(prPEs)wp,
LOCATEO
FORSUN
:
o
a.
i
ENfRY
' c8
"""t
ENTRANCE
.{l.to
-"rt*d
DOME PLAN
SANDBAGSHELTER
ofa typical
Above:Planandorientation
shelterdome.
emergency
Note:
lV:Compass.
1) SeeAppendix
An 8 ft. to 12 ft. inteior diameter (2.5 m to 3.5 m) dome uses 14" inch
to 16" inch wide bags and can be built in one to sevm days by a team
of three to sevm, one of whom is trained in the system.
2) Theentrywalls
canbe addedatthe end
ortheycanbe
of the domeconstructiori,
builtalongwiththe domefora more
permanetstrusture.
32
KHALILI
- CAL.EARTH
s.-,
=
+-
''' en the areais clearcd you cn levcl ihe carth rcad] for the base
lDalf
5Att t)t{l;
illiilL1fI
33
3,t
nH:
Ltl_i
a,\t_-fiA]lIll
7Q
A bove:Leve gl hc trenol w
r rtr
i orn.{tirt: Di8 lrench and Lcvcl thc Basc
q oLr lb( ' l' v c f n I hf l i v (, .i f.l t \ l () rrr.rl ( l (,rrc l . rti ()r1f(nrh foLr(l
Irr.l l( iwi. l. |l
l l ) i n .| l \(l (rl )(l (f
rrs l 0 l t.i nsi ck rl i rnr(l (f
. , !r{r . l\ r l ll( r r lh 1 11) n r, s i (l (,1 (nh l i l (l i rg l 1 ,!, n.l r l ( sl | |c thl
rf l r dr h i\ lc v c l i n (l !v (,l lr(n n p c l ((1 .Yl n r (,rr (1x\1.l h( l { v(l tsi nB
..i l rr r lf r s l( v ( l n( l s l r.r8 h l c n l l h (rl r!o 1 )rl (r
/ r" oLri i r r\( w rl (!
. r rl r n . lc 8lh ( n ,l c f (L rb rn Bs,rn .c !l | f l \v .)s 1i (l \ l h, i rnf
..L , ir ! , r i \ , r ly liy
. t ) ,u l l v l i l l i n S \1 )L fl o rrrl i l rn rtr r(hi vi h!vl cf,
..,r n ( t r lly s ( { i l i n v ,!(,s fc l () h r8 h r, l ( ) krv.
\ ! r . ll s hc ller u P l o l l ) rl In s l (l c(l r.n r(l c f,w il h l l u( l \v,tl l ' , !vi l l
- l lr nr n nr c ( l . r s | ]c (r.ll ()u n (l l n f l l l J w c v c f.r l rs !vi rr l o !(,i rl
. fn! i! f c hy s ( r l! , l f(J /c s u b s o i l ,s o i l s !\,h i .h .) fc cf({ l i n!, .1
.rrb .ir li q, { ! v c ' r ' yw L ' l s u b s o i l s .ti n l fg o f, n ro fc
Pcfnr.rncnt!l fu.l ].| fcs
', 1t \ r n( l l( ) n dc 5r 8 nru s l trf d p l o d l o (1 rp ewrl h l h( | .r l i ful r \i l o
. i. r a lt rl
3i
.d
:.'-
t:';,
i
enr,v
tl
onrc.
w
i
l
h
l
hf
kn8
s h ()ul dbo brri l l
(ornP
l
cl
c(I,
hr r t lun{
rs
l
hr.l
ornc
(l
(l
!tl
l
{rf
w
.rl
l
c
r.rn
b.
c r1 l ryrvi th
('orcf8(lrcv nlfih(xl )
\'Vhon Lruilding irthr vcr'-vt|,v cfth t]o lfcn!h sh(itrl(l hc sol(Ll
rv ith w l cf .l ufi ng (rrsl furtnrrr,to l k\! \1bi l trtd L' rl l r h) cur '(
-l
36
'Fr SuperadobeRows
\'$th.alycr Lf
Jnd.rL'ni- two cornFh'lerint{ of \.rndt'rgcoil' :lrlrrllTc
tnc
'
r slre In betwoen W need twu c('nrl'lctcring{ t('
earthlikc
,,f tlto o.", csPcciallyfor horizontalforces
, ',::.tu.,
-r-.:r: rinclstorm and floocl.
'.
andclrttrnga
Aboveandleft:Unrolling
tub ng
engthofSuPeradobe
f Bag
c {
trrblfr'nrrth.' r1'llusin8sci<:(n
r : -Lrt'{l l,rrAthrlf sJrrdt"rg
r\r
\r'illr
r1ul'
11
. I . r'. +''.a rli" h*) \ ou .:;n Pin lhc (nd clsqd
rhcb;8' "!'n weitht hld cl('scl
-,r' ru.l'i,,n"t ti'a rct
'.. r i'l rhLhrAwithyourdmPrrr'tbiliz'cllr'rrlhnlrrlurc lncrc
.'nc
snd
rr
frllld
riingrhct'iq Hcrr:it i' bcrnq
-' - '.'i ,,"'1,,'-,rll
-'-1.
thc
tnkc
can
.,"rir ."n. ur o,lrt, abt two oi thrcc at a tirne You
lhe
nvLr
lr)
i"'ii" t"l",u "-Lh or hlkcihe c'rrthmJtclirl
.. ir l"ihc
"''i
.' ,*, r..t'"'.* *ttinuou'ly lccd lhc brg nd 'hlr
bite'
sp,rt,tiL" a s*ar1or snLeslvatlowingbitc aftcr
'.:,ng
--
l'r
r.f:C,t
5Ai\DB'\{.
5llfll-1Llt
37
Ab ov e: T he
end of t h e b a gc a b e p i n n e d
cl os ed! s nga al, o rs n p l y fo l d e da n d
R g htF: llingt he ba g .
Gvity Flon
Be ow: F l r r gt he m o u tho l th e b a gw i th
cas of eadh/stab I zeclarth.
Ri g hl:F il g lhe bag sk o m tw o s d e s o l th e
do e 10rnovefasier.
3iJ
l; f1 ,!,iil
(l .\l.-flrrl
iil
t ne
measLr r es
A boveThccenl ercompass
rneredgeofthe bagas i t s p aced n a
Lett: P a (axonometric)ot rhe lwo
foundalon rowslre owgrade/ i oor level.
showingtire barbcdwrre ayout.
EmergencyShelter Foundation
' hr il{ [ ! l|lr r .(' rl i n { k s l o l i l l th i L r8i v i l h !,fr' i l \r\ hcl | , sl ,Jl ]ctl
. 1 hi\ lc ( n ()l h fr p )l r, rv l i l ( t!l k n B h . | \vf(l \
-;. t hr Ci. c lc
i, b, r r ' l r ! , l i l l ((l n (l fl ,tr\l b \ l h c h rtil tkl , !l rs (rnrsl nl l v
. l L' ilh l|l ( ( ln l )rts w h rrh re s u r.! l h ( (l s l rrl fntn l hc
r lr , r ( ir ( 1 (. A l l h i ! :l l tr l | l i rrs l (l ((\l ( rn l hc trE l vi l l l rf
'
, r Lnf h r r (r' l i rr!,(' r !v (l l h L l ' \!)rtl l h ( (\!l l rrs\ Lrnf
ri :!..1 ri l r... :l
EU!
.:i ::
| : t:l
39
,l{l
k f t A L . il, l
aAt-
u t t f
il
for thc
\ brickmaybc usedto compactsmallcrdctaileda-reas,
ln a encrgcncy,
.il.\ of thc bgs,or for thewkte dorncif ncccssary.
-irrn fcctcahtmpsufficintly
usirlg
fo':srnalltotporary sheltcrs
:i:rtbiliTcd cafth.
Crod and Bad Tamping
lr ihcck if your tampilg is good cnough,lcDk at thc outcr cdgc of th
:..:r. ll it is a smooth crD'vcit is good tampinS.It sho ld fccl firm, If it is
. . the bag nc'cdsmorc trnping.
\\'hen the carth mixturc is not tampedenoughthc sidcsa1dends
.::lun the bagswill crumblc nd arc lveak,Stabilizcdcarth will not
.i:-:. tr)gctherproperly if it is not wcll tamPed,sinccthc crthmixture
.-rl t(ir Superadobe
is darnp but not wct like concrctc.
Above:Tamp
ngthe closedbagrow.
row.The
Left:Thecompleted
folrndation
extrabagmaybe usedfortlrenextrow,
41
Barbed Wile
liitAI
ILI , Ct_-T:.1iiTIi
.dry
-ll
r\b o ve:comp
el ed i oundaion rng.
BelcJw:
Eanrcdw rc lonstwo bag p c.es
ouo*tor^
--\
.li
r l)i-l 9i--!.1
(i)ii.c{.,
'rIllI
If
it
'Tr
:.i]lli:il
Ee l o w :T he
bu lderholdsth e c u re n c to rl h e
LraglLrbng c oseil w1h h s foot whe
rtdiB io fl the rlrbrA Lrtcr rhl: we airt
o f th ei led bae ls elrwrI h o rdrh c .u t c | d
R g h t:Buidef s n t r iningc o rpe te ro
se co n dr owol t he bas e,w h i c /rs a b o v e
grade.
(fl,\l.tLI.
al,r i
l.rii
t]l
Above:shodening
the emptybaglengthby
doubligt insldeout.
Left: Supportngthe bagwitha eg so that
gravtyhelpsto fl lt.
:he builclcr.To keep an ovcrall level for the wholc buildin& the
:hrckncssof tlrc layefsnlay be adjustedrow by rorv becausethc
iuperadobc is a flexiblcblock.
lfore Bag filing Techniques
is vou continue,you will learn sevcraldiffctlnt waysd fillng sandlag tubinSs/ ancl a great marly havc bccn tricd at difJerent stagcsof
rL\carch.Herc arc a few techniqcsthat haveproved useful:
When asin8 long or short bagg alyvaysfill the bag in placcon the
lrall. Standon thc waI wHle working. Usc a small can of earth
nstcad of a shovcl to fill the bagsjit containsthe sane tunountand
can bc lifted up higher, or eve[ thrown up to the builder. Let gravity
help you and don't stran againstit or lift weight.Slidethe earthinto
ihc ba8 with gravity'shelp. Savcyour back and useyou lcg msclcs
td support the slopedbag and to shale drc earthinto placcj thusyour
LrlCy lvill be better balanccd. To hetp the "gutp" go down better, just
le backward and pul thc front of the bag {abic raterial, and also
t1\'ist thc bag to go around thc curve. Don't lilt thc wcight of the fillcd
ba8. Move the eafh to whcrc you want it when it is loose and "f,lowing ancl Eive it a squeezcto 6x it thee. Walk backwards as you fill.
Thc fuller you makc the ba& the less work overall, srnceyou will
need lessrorvs to complete the dome_
Using the long bag instead o{ small standad sandbagshas already
L-tyour rvoking time in hau, and is highly recommended. Howevet
ihis dom carl also bc blt with small bags. An e{ficient workflo can
keep up the mommtm of coilinS ard building. With a team of three
: u P E tt A ll o r,Jr - s -{ N D u A c 5 r.l I L f r R
BeowrPulingihe
frontolthebagmateria
to let earthslidedownintothebag.
17
.-------....
rll":
b, cnsrnr
surlFry
L,r(irrh fro\vi16
rror,
:l:'T:l::ll:rl'.
"ln t(, p.r(l rrto
rnc,rxA
bt tor.thLbrrtdLr
FLr(f.\oU c.tnorgnn/cl\1o
or urrc'rP(nptrio supptyih! cn5,I ,rrrh.rh.rh thL.
L',rrttiinl,\
lhL
tuoc..rndp5sthrj !rthLn 'Aul, 1(,thq hL rocr.
Onc lonAb.rFhr lrvrnds whictrcn hf fi d . thc
>, nc lirnct)
two diffcrcnt briildcrs.
* bas
to
i Fillf!:J""
:?"Jii9 onares
AboverThe bag ts fo ded backto shoten
the overalt ength,then unfoldedas t is
43
(tlALIl,l,
at,1L F,\tiTll
\i)ll can sho(cn thc lcngth of thc empty tubint by P lling it 1sidc
trt kr ulkehalf thc total bg lcngth,or scrunchinlgiL Lpon a fubc arrd
:r.sing the free cnd bck thr'orgh thc tube for bcitcr contrcl of thc b8
.:1qthas it is filled.
Onc studcntgot tired of nsing his lcg as a support and irnrovatcda
'f,l]()dcn lcg' substitutein the suncshapcas his ow"nlc8.
_ f Fr lA DCs
S A NIIllr-;
3fr rL T llt l
qEfarL
50
:.iil,rrt.ii.I.i
,. |
,:,\t
| 1l
Left:Alonometfc
viewolthe doorlrameset
intothe dome,Notetlrebarcedwrc
for the buttresswalls.
connections
In a DoorGuide/frame
-ttit
matcrialsasa guidefor thc
: :i usefulto havea frarncof availabl
baselaycrs.lf
r .n openin&whichshouldbc sctinto thcSuperad(c
i :iterils arcavailable,
thcopcningcanbc built wrtho t a framc
l:. oncshowrris 2 ft. wideor 5c, and6 ft. tall or 185cm andhas
.'::n iied into thc bagwallsusingbarbedwirc SinclnanycmerSchcy
doorsor flexiblcmaterials
-':lt.rs rc built aftcrbuildingscollapse,
to thc
-i: s carltctsforr amongthctubblecouldlatcrbe attachcd
wallsarewidcr thn
!:-lde of thc dootopeninS.
Sinccthc buttress
'rr .rpL'nin&tlrc door covcringneednot fit exactly.
doorframecanbe
AboveiLevellingthe
levelorplLrmb
donewith carpenters
bob(awelghtt ed ontothe endd a p,e(or
sn$.
barbedw reio t e the frarnento
Left:Using
: E ItADO BL
S A NDB A C
S }.1'L' I E I t
51
Mll
As rnofcb.ra'r'. plrccd.d t'unPcdup 'rt'un'l lh( h'lL il
l)
br'r'cd
tempor
bc lijnrh hcld ir l.r.c H,'\^('\cr'rr'hould be
looPs
oocn if ihc rnatcrialis flimsy. If no guide or hamo is uscd' wirc
attachments
d]f
as
ol hrclwavccan be sandlvicltd bctwc'cnthc bags
or basichinges.
Dome; GeometrYand ComPass
52
KHAI
lt
:"01 I'r
.(r
. r..r'i., ,
,\r
.i.'i
"'t',,,
{
i-
q'1 f'l
*qg99
Above:ljs ngthetwocfrancompass
I I;J ,/YX
| | l\i
il
:'
i t?,-'
l .'
t
a:
'
24 Domfows (Pprox.)
4t I t r
Shelter:10 ft' / 3'0 m. nteriordameterdome
Emrgency
(sa me
fcrI - 1 2ft /25_37mr ange)
diensions
andessential
spingline
section,
compass
,{ *r*
ti ''i
r""
-a r { \ D o F [
'
-':i
53
A LANCET DOME COMPASS can be made to build a Superadobe Dome, with two pieces of chain.
1.
A section view of a Lancet/Ogival Dome made fuom
ows of Superadobecoils.
3.
The Height Compass (H) draws half an arch. I1 is
ihe chain for controlnt e shape of thc Lancet Arch.
It always staysthe same lenSth, which is equal to the
dome dianeter at the wall centcy.For pracfical rcasons
we fix the compass on the outsidc and d:raw the arch
to the inside face. The heiSht of the 6nished dome is
approximately the equal to its diamctcr'.
54
KiIALII-I
- CAL,TAIiTH
Left(above):
Thebui deusesthe cent er
compasscharw th hi sl gertsi derh e
arfer r ng. no cenl ercompasss
regthenedat everyrow by pre.meas!re.l
amouns,or fi yusrnga secondchai .
' ll
,, 1 i i )i t,\1 :
\:,,:
I I:
).t
jllr
gg3.usm.
il:irrr:
PPEWINDOWSCTION"A"
56
PIPEWINDOWSEC'ION"A"
Iifl ,\lll.l'
aAL
LAIiI
i:l
l l r t l ) . ! v t r l !^ !
Lr i l i r T l r o r p c ! p o . t o {r l t o i . D o
l l . r t r ! T . r n ) 5 l i o r r f l h o b a ! f r l l n r l ) r p 'l
ls rJrl\(i w llr lr 0 .orfpir:i!
:t:a,:.t...'.
57
Be l ow: T he
c ent erc o mp a s se g th e n sfo f
e a chf ow( asdet er i n e db yi h e h e i g h t
,',::,Y7
58
t iiit A l, r. r
i .1 l- !lrl lt I 11
L l! l l \ f r nl, ! \ , ) ll. r
| ,.i,,., lilrL
I r r 1, . ! . L r i i l \
rL (,Ir ( lir r l) Lh, , r iilj ll! 1 , , r ( l, r j.r 1 \ r r r h , L t , , t t s I j r ( l
r.\ ( (, llt \ lh Llk 1. . )
...4
:9
roundtion
/ Intuhrig layere
Optionalwaterprooring
60
i (l l .:r. l .1l l
aAi..:^lllll
ir,L!l
Bu ow Sclu
rlsrrc fd.atgestn
f o n r e s ! f t r n r o v . t: l l c b o c k s , n d r r e b a g
1 ! - r l s ! s c d a s f l o s s t o k c {r pt h .
,s,9!,--
Above:
Window
archand"eyebrow"
viewoithe archedwindow
Right:Exterior
andbagform,wherethe bagsthemselves
areusedas thetempofary
6rchforf,The
is nradewithshorlbagswhch are
eyebrow
lar to the domewaL
set pefpedicu
BeLow:
A formls madeof bagswithoutthe
wife,whicharcf led withdry,
barbed
earth.Thebgsarestacked
untarped
veriicaly.
(fi ,\Ll l
l-
4,\I-l l
, \ liTI l
i-i.:encv
:..4
ovo Ll l l r
tsriow : fr npl gtl rc ast tw ol )a115
l or 10.op.i . Ll rcw i ndow rrh
63
baE sh a v eb e e np u s h e do u tto
Rr dht : T he
evethe winow openne. Thrsis possrbe
becausethebarbedwlre is notcared
acrossthe windowopenng, and tlre lrags
makingthetemporaryformare filled wlth
dryearth.Thesecan now be reused.
opening
BeowiInteorviewofthewindow
afterthebagshavebeenremoved
Whcn you havc bilt at lcst foul finishcd, clied and sct rol^/s ol
bags abovc youl door or lt'1ndow arch, you ca ct the bats opcn, or
oush out vour temPt)frYform.
'
and thc wclhcr
il thorcrc no rvirrdnw.v.l.rblc
In em.rgcrrc'c-.
is harsh,the inhabitantcan leavethe bag form h placc Laterwhcn the
wcather is wanne, the bags can be rcroved to oPcn the window
alch, and latcr a fame wi Slasscn bc insertecl.
ReusableFofm
If matcrials are available, a rcmovable fonn can be made of p\^voo4
n1etalor otlrcr matcrial rvhich cal1be reused for many sheltcrs. It
supports the SuPcradobebags and maks it csier to creatc the arch
and eyebrows ovcr the windows and doors- ln some cascsthe {orm
remals in place as the lvindow or door hale
I i 1 1 A1 -L . I
C A I--EA lt f 1.1
{-
"r,!
/..f
:::>'
'
B. ow: T r oi l)ff.L pcktrl.rrtl ar: [.] ng
rrfovd . cv.i tl cr af.l reoopcnrrg
L5
eyebrow'
Stagesof constructinga window (or door) wth cgrbelled
I -..q' \,
l.
the archform'
3,ToDaowclossoverrow
acrossall ba95'
Pl;cea barbcdwir
2. Midatlrowsto buld'eyebrow",
#1 layort
Altematths layoutwith
to interlo(kthe sall bags'
4. continuerowsabovewndow/door
s completecol15'
fillAi-ll-i
- aAl.
llAli
lit
LeTL:
Tlrc arched!v ndowopeng after |rc
6{J
K llA I lL,l
GoingOvertheDool
In ordcr to fit a standardrcciangulardoor, w canbuild SuPeradobc
urreinforced lintc over smallopcnitg of uP to h!'o feet span(65
cln). Thc bagsca spanthis short distanceif thcy arel
cartb
a) fillcd with stabilized
bbedwire str,lnds,or
by ;r':vr:rl
horn
bLluw
b) 5upportcd
gupporlcd
mlLrial<{e8. d sllort
by
rjound
fom
bclow
c)
reiforongbIrs)
plankof wood,picccsof jtccl pipeor
'tccl wa, lvhich needs
the
dool
first
row
over
make
thc
is
to
Thc challorqe
thc most s-pportcspcciallydring tllc tamping.Hcre,tlrc trainee
f lLe db a g s b e n g l a d o v e ra
Riaht : T he
short pLank;babed w res afe fixedabove
and be ow it. The pank can be later
reoved,or left ln Place
K H ALli
I, CAI,'F.ARTIJ
72
,a!r
r I rr
Above:
Tampngwiiha slihtslopetowards
upperrows.
Left:Flingandcoilingthe
' r,ien you walk on the domg stePon the outsideedgc of the
rows
! ::-, to;tacl a couPle of rolvs doi^m romtlrc top Prcvious
:J. iDOTJE
54ND!]AC
5HFI.TFlt
73
4) Tmp the outer pai-Lof thc coil fint- Rememberthat yol only
havc sppoiting bags undemcaththc oritcr pari of yor coil.
5) Tamp to give the bag a gcntlc sloPctowardsthe outsidc,it \,!1ll
help thc ncxt rorv on top to stcp ln 1orc, irnll will help to shcd rainwa6) Usea brick to shapcthc bag fiom below if you want a smoothcr
curvc on ihe insideof thc d(lrc.
7) Placcthe barbedwire towardsthc jnsideedSeof the bag ancl
mai<esr that it is gdpprnSboth abovcnd bclorv.
Windorvsshold not be bLdlton lhe upper rows by inexperienced
builders.Sall inscrtsmay be saldwiched bchvcol the baSs(suchas
vents,stick, rods, or lvires){or scaffolclngattachnentsor rding
lvhich will bc added after construction.
71
(H,ll-lLi
CAt.. {1.\{t I ll
A l ) v r r r ( l . l l I r ) . o I : i t i | | u
rlti [,
rrrrit. rfik.n \! LII rrnfp!!. Irl
L i ! r i p j D L r l r r . r i n r r r , r r lr N J , L o r 1 r l ] ! l
h,'
I
f.
.
Left The bu dcr uses tfre .o s as st.ps
ad does not stad of tire soJl IDoef baa
unt lafter t s tarJrc.t.
:l
Right cr o I ng t h e b a g sa tth e to p o f rl re
I r .o l i r)l l o i l t) o i rl
A l rol fr:
^
ila.' :r'.,.- ;
L . f L : I . n ! ', r r r r i s r l . 1 l r i l . r L s 1 l l
! t r rl : , ) f i 5 1 ( J r i t r l t i l | l l r r . L . L o )
f!w. ,r) b| ng r I I s ir !D i|.
llolo\!: vo! s
r1s!l i \
. r l\ ol t hr iL !,n i .(l tn rr(a i l r!rn !\ | l t(r!r | [L(' l \
, , ! ilh 1r . r 1 L 1rr(l
rf 8 r\ i t\' . I h . l { !,! l ).rrI Ii l I (l L!n' r{ rrr\i si \
r r , r l r oils N Irrt c r' n l \ s l .f i ,tl i tl l (' l ' r l rrl l hr:\l l
l l rt' (1(| c' \tncn
' ' ! lr Ll' r l lhi: ! l rE oo l l h c d (n c r\t L h ( 1 ()l ' o l
Lsi ()
' r . : Lr Lrin \ r)rL r.h\ th rrf h i i i l c !.h t' ' l l rr
'L
'
rrr!e
. i. ) t or k , : l fi n g s p rl l Y \o l i s rrl r!l n rg I r' \r ti E hth roi l t' ' l
. r . r L' rl! ) bilc l N ,i l l r l ,l l () i n rh \v i .l c b i ,' l l l l tr' l (r P ' rft ot
.L'r. r'ifr L\r8. \oLr nrv tlcci(lt' to rl(t{ lhr' hrl Lr! Lrslrlg
. l. uLU uP h, l h c k rP ,\' ri \h o u l d .j d .L d r i i Y { ni \vnt hr rl osc
. :\ ,r le\ o !l<\ lighl i.n- rrlorr .l\'liglrl
..:..
I r i i g s . o s t - '1 1 rt.. p
':,.:,4:.
:* l
Above:l\4odeltoshowtriangur doorwavs
cl l 1 ! lnAlhe bas eb a g!n ta c l
Rlght:P!shngout tre first b ock ol trrc
thc I)oor
Allen'Lrtivcsh) thc Door and Lil1tel:Cutting OPcn
| h
l(lirlLh u$ ) Th . o pF' r !
lli' lr lr or ! linds r
uttu 5 1 1.lru
| .rrrrc
lit.LlL hFs w
! sc nd I 1 1.w d.r l Lh. i1oP
B clow: crll n g o !r11 lr eic s l o t r r c ' loof
Lr t
cflh nr11ltlc(r(lo
(;f!it\' cl lhc slrcnSllol lhc cflh/\ltriliT(
'l
(l(tnr 1srnll ntl
lhc sizr'clntrnrb(r(n lhc (\)(1rtgsll \ouf
(lor)r'Ihr olrnln'l
(t|(rtr
(lrrk
lilt
lo
i(lr
.l"
i",r*,.,'" r,,"'
'trl
'y
- s ir. r,1llr'I l()!vc!cr,lhr rl(x' \hrnrlcln'!tf 'ol 1nl()
i'' r,,
."r i*
-'r i) l(trrn(ll(nrrrtrrs'
lh('l)()ll(tD
7rJ
t:.',
1::
't:
'.
.::::
':: . .
::a.llr:r
: i . \D i l r Li
- SA NDS A C
S utL-f r {
Entry Vaultr
walls,Prdectsthe
A smatlvault,addedovo the toPof the bttress
of lcaning
technique
The
traditiofial
rain
wind
ahd
dooropcningfrom
the
nccdf()I
vy,
eliminahhg
thc
entrl
k)
span
ovr
alchcscanb usccl
a leanintarchcanbebuilt
Wircntc doorardlintelarccomPlctcd,
archcs
Leaning
ihe leuring
earlh
stabililcd
or
of uhstabilized
u'ld
largd
entryways
crcate
to
thc
builder
techniquca.lsoenables
domcs
scvcral
vaultsbctween
connecting
coulda so be rade
entryway
Above:An
thencuttlng
a windowopening,
starunEwith
bags
downi the i oorandremovingthe
belowthewindowopenngto makea door'
Besureto leavethe boftomtwofoundatio
80
r ( HALr :.1
, \.-
ART ll
showsthe doorvaultof
LeftiThedrawln
leaningarches,ndthetwobuttresswals
whichwiilsuppotlt-
:.
],EITADOBE
SANDHAC
S'IFI.f
EIt
81
DOMEENTRYELEVATION
!lr|rtcf d\
Reocttnalhc leJninB.x!h In.rlF-thr \ ull lngcrrtr
rlr' lhc\
tlr
L''tr
lill(
d
.rc
bLlrrq
ncede.\Ahr thc brs. ior thc .rch
thcy
so
thal
bricK
wlth
)nust be continuouslishped and tmPcd
Thc
irr
the
ccntcr'
meei
to
mirtai the atch sh.ipefr both sidcs
of the buthcss walls and thc
barbcclwircs conncctihe uppcr layc'r's
lcaning arch bgs, nd arc Placcdbctwecncach lcming t'ow
R rs hi: T heeannBrc hu s e dn e re 5 a
polted archmdefrom two fled bags.
meetLngat tne ceIer'
82
L,iti,rll
',-'
L.l1'l
Leit:A largerarchedentryway
withbuttress
wallswhichwasbuiltoverafoflr.
- i R A Il al il ! , 5 A N D B A C
S i..t E l t rlt
83
Rr htdndbe ow: F o n d oi n p o !r
r ! lt
r . hnec t ure\
e h b t, 5 n d b s h e l te b
b y Ca E ar t hand N ES T(N e wS ta rtT ru s t)n
llr:r
IJ:L
i :!
, : . + ) ( x ) f ;n g a n d l ri n i s h i n g
. , , \ 1n r(1 i n tv (trrr !rtl l r!, s h c l l fr, i l l vrl l n.crl [nfrl i nF w i l h
: . : L\ , lr rBrrl l i n i s h s , u n l e s s\()L r.!( i rt \1r,v rl ry rl i scfl .
. t r Lr ( 1\v\ l (!l )r(!n i n !, i n n e n x rE fn (v, l + r(n P l \l n shcel i nq
snr.l lP i P t' s.
s
. l , \ 1! l h ( d (n x . l ,.n rl )o d rl rtl1 1 .( .hrxrlsLr.h.!
r r ' ( ' fo | r rc \n l l s 1 (' h c .1
b r' l \v (cn thc (r)l s.l rrfrng(nrsl foc
. J lr ( s h c e l i n gr! l i c d o rrl o l h r tl (n n ( \vi i h l he\(.
iLf r l! l c fn r h ,t(!l ]f,x fi n g n .l i i n i s hi nS ,rl i s bcn l (i l (l krw l l xrl
. , n( 1 n rl (r' i l s s L ri tb l cl o L h c k )cl rl i D ri rl f
. ' r p r s (,1l o n g -tc fn l i n i s h c si n c l L rd rl
'.lrnrbrn( iypc wnlcrprlx)foU,. Thcsr rc Lr\urll\pPlic'.1 irr
' .rtrL'r rvilh dn cxtfrio plstcr, anl:l ff fnnnrolrl) lqic1of
.t:rLd,viscolr! .rlc1, s,llrh is PPlicd o|rt() r1r t\tL'fior lllrst(1l
. J \viih it. For cxnlpl, scrk:h col ol plrsirf is lir\t Pplir.1
i. Lrg ltrcture k) snrooth out thc sLr|lcL',thcn N,to tj()tf
: r r.n,such aJ lalers of sphlt nd fbric, i5 pPlic.l o\ c' lhis,
rr.rlh pfotcctive surlcc sch ns stbiLizdd crih Pl+cr' nr ry
:r11,lvterPfoot menrDrr1c.
\-.r|to clcrnents. Thjs nrclr.d('s rnge ffun trditnnrl donrl
- r'rch .1srnetl or ccrmic lilc, ll thc rv)'to inno\ hvr dddpia
. r h?ditbnl roofrng coverin!, such s tilcs, ih1r13lc5,corrLrgatod
-.rl.h nd plm lcf filaps, rvhich l) bc .lnchLncd orlto thc
.:ug thc cnlbcddcd tt.1cluncnls bo!c.
. .rl .xnlpk's of finishcs re dcscDtl'cl ltlY in this trool
: ,.4 ' . ,
EM BEDDEO
ATTACHMENTS
86
ii Jl il t_1l.t
L-,4t., [
l{ T1]
^