The Monterey Bay Aquarium (MBA) in California's Monterey is one of the largest

public aquariums worldwide. Was built in 1984, opened the exhibition with a 55-million dollar Spende by David Packard on the grounds of a former fish factory at theCannery Row . An extension
for $ 57 million was completed in 1996. It is known for the acrylic window that allows you to view the
largest aquarium. It was a long time with a length of 17 and a height of 5 meters, the largest window
worldwide.
Contents

1 exhibition

2 Science

3 Building

4 Miscellaneous

5 References

6 Web Links

Exhibition [ Edit ]
On display there is the Monterey Bay Aquarium more than 35,000 animals and 550 different species
of marine animals : tiny slugs over starfish, jellyfish to large sharks and penguins . [1]
The aquarium has about 200 tanks, the largest of which "The Outer Bay" holds about 4 million liters
of water [1] . Also the area Outer Bay includes a comprehensive collection of jellyfish. Other priorities
include a large kelp forest basin, sea otters , an extensive exhibition of other otters are shown ("Mad
About Otters") and an intertidal zone in the penguins. [2] From the terrace to otters can be observed
in the wild.

Science [ Edit ]
The world's headlines, the Monterey Bay Aquarium came through his pioneering project, the first
successful long-stay accommodation of a young white shark in an aquarium.
This female white shark was captured in August 2004 off the California coast and transported on 14
September 2004 to the Monterey Bay Aquarium. After 198-day stay in the aquarium, the shark was
released back into the wild in March 2005. His journey through the ocean was recorded by a tracking
device for a period of 30 days. Overall, the aquarium housed been six white sharks, the last date
2011, which were all equipped with tracking device and exposed again.

[3]

In addition, the Monterey Bay Aquarium also runs a program to protect sea otter (Sea Otter
Research and Conservation), participates in the Tuna Research and Conservation Center (TRCC) to
protect the bluefin tuna and the Tagging of Pacific Predators (TOPP) project , are equipped with the
marine animals with tracking devices. [4] The coastline before Monterey is an important marine
reserve today.
The Aquarium maintains close contacts with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute (MBARI), which was also founded by David Packard.

[5]

Building [ Edit ]

One of the old boiler for conservation of sardines

The aquarium is located partially in the halls of a former sardine factory preservatives . The fishing
was since about 1850 central source of income for the region. 1895 in Monterey, the first actual fish
factory was built, Knut Hovden erected at the site of present-day exhibition in 1916 the largest and
most modern cannery of Cannery Row , which formed the economic center of the entire region. As
in the fifties the income of sardine declined due to overfishing and ultimately failed to materialize
quite noticeably, had to shut down all factories. The street became a tourist center with many hotels
and restaurants.
Even today are the large steam boilers that were used for the preservation of sardines, in the
entrance hall. Her story is a stark contrast to today explained here understanding of the vulnerability
of the sea.

Miscellaneous [ Edit ]

For the film The Voyage Home Star Trek IV here the scenes for aquarium scenes were
filmed. Two humpback whales have been seen here.

The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) is a private, non-profit oceanographic
research center in Moss Landing, California. MBARI was founded in 1987 by David Packard, and is
primarily funded by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. Christopher Scholin serves as the
institute's president and chief executive officer, managing a work force of approximately 220
scientists, engineers, and operations and administrative staff.
At MBARI, scientists and engineers work together to develop new tools and methods for studying
the ocean. Long-term funding from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation allows the institute to
take on studies that traditional granting institutions may be reluctant to sponsor. Part of David
Packard's charge for MBARI was to "Take risks. Ask big questions. Don't be afraid to make mistakes;
if you don't make mistakes, you're not reaching far enough."
MBARI's campus in Moss Landing is located near the center of Monterey Bay, at the head of
the Monterey Canyon. Monterey Bay is one of the most biologically diverse bodies of waters in the
world, and the underlying submarine canyon is one of the deepest underwater canyons along the
continental United States. With this 4,000-meter-deep submarine canyon only a few ship-hours from
their base of operations, institute scientists enjoy an advantageous proximity to this natural, deepsea "laboratory".
MBARI is not open to the general public, but it has an open house once a year. Although MBARI is a
sister institution to the Monterey Bay Aquarium, the two organizations have entirely separate
management and funding.
Contents

1 Mission

2 Research

3 Research vessels

4 Underwater vehicles

5 Notable achievements

6 References

7 External links

Mission[edit]
"The mission of MBARI is to achieve and maintain a position as a world center for advanced
research and education in ocean science and technology, and to do so through the development of
better instruments, systems, and methods for scientific research in the deep waters of the ocean.
MBARI emphasizes the peer relationship between engineers and scientists as a basic principle of its
operation. All of the activities of MBARI must be characterized by excellence, innovation, and
vision." David Packard

Research[edit]
MBARI's scientists, engineers, and support staff collaborate on a wide range of cutting-edge marine
research projects enabled by innovative technology. MBARI's current efforts span the
interdisciplinary fields of ocean science, including marine biology, geology, chemistry, and biological
oceanography. MBARI also develops new oceanographic research tools and techniques, as well as
technology related to ocean observatories.
Much of MBARI's research focuses on the development and use of robotic vehicles and other
automated methods for gathering information in the ocean. These tools provide a unique view of
ocean life and physical phenomena.

Research vessels[edit]

Research vessel Western Flyer at MBARI Pier

MBARI's flagship research vessel is the R/V Western Flyer, a 35.6-meter (117-foot) small waterplane area twin hull (SWATH) ship deploying the remotely operated underwater vehicle, ROV Doc
Ricketts, through a moon pool in the center of the ship. The Western Flyerhas supported ROV dives
along much of the west coast of North America, from the Gulf of California to Vancouver Island, as
well as around the Hawaiian islands.

In December 2011, MBARI retired the R/V Point Lobos after 23 years of service. In 2012, MBARI will
also be retiring the R/V Zephyr, which has served as a launch platform for MBARI's autonomous
underwater vehicles (AUVs). These two boats will be replaced by a single, larger boat, the Rachel
Carson, which MBARI purchased in the summer of 2011, and which is expected to be operational in
2012.Rachel Carson will be able to launch both ROVs and AUVs, as well as conduct multi-day
expeditions.

Underwater vehicles[edit]
MBARI has been a pioneer in the development and scientific use of two types of underwater robots
remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). ROVs are
robotic submersibles that are connected through a very long tether to a ship at the sea surface. They
are controlled by pilots and researchers on board the surface ship. AUVs are robotic submersibles
that are programmed at the sea surface and then released to collect data autonomously, with little or
no human intervention.
MBARI's ROV Doc Ricketts is a four kilometer depth-rated vehicle, named after the pioneering
marine ecologist Ed Ricketts. ROV Doc Ricketts has been deployed from the R/VWestern
Flyer since 2009, when it replaced ROV Tiburon, which had been deployed from the R/V Western
Flyer since 1997.

ROV Ventana on board of the MBARI research vesselPoint Lobos

ROV Ventana is a 1.8 km depth-rated vehicle. It was built for the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute by International Submarine Engineering according to specifications developed by David
Packard and the original core group of scientists and engineers at MBARI. The vehicle was delivered
in 1988 with a standard suite of instruments and cameras. Data collection sensors, a high definition
camera, and animal collection devices have been added over the course of more than 3,600 dives.

In addition to ROVs, MBARI has also developed untethered undersea robots called autonomous
underwater vehicles (AUVs). MBARI's Dorado-class AUVs are 53.3 centimeters (21 inches) in
diameter and can be as short as 2.4 meters (8 feet) or as long as 6.4 meters (21 feet), depending on
the mission. Dorado-class AUVs currently operational at MBARI include the upper-water-column
AUV, the seafloor mapping AUV, and the imaging AUV. The core vehicle elements are deep-rated
(the mapping AUV is 6,000 meters rated) and have been operated as long as 20 hours.
MBARI's Tethys AUV, also called the long-range AUV, is a new AUV designed to operate over longer
ranges. Tethys is 30.5 cm (12 inches) in diameter, 230 cm (7.5 feet) long, and weighs
120 kg. Tethys provides capabilities falling between existing propeller driven AUVs, which typically
have endurances on the order of a day, and buoyancy-driven vehicles (gliders) that can operate for
many months. In October 2011, Tethys spent 24 days at sea traveling nearly 1,800 km.

Notable achievements[edit]
Frequent forays with remotely operated vehicles to the deep Monterey Canyon have enabled MBARI
researchers to discover new animal species on a regular basis, and to begin to understand their
significance in the ecology of the deep sea. MBARI biologists have made major contributions to
research methods and the understanding of the quantity and diversity of life in the ocean.
Some of the more notable species first described by MBARI researchers include Stellamedusa
ventana (bumpy jelly), Tiburonia granrojo (big red), Chaetopterus pugaporcinus(pigbutt worm), and
the Osedax species of bone-eating worms.[1] In situ studies of midwater animals utilizing ROVs
enabled MBARI scientist Bruce Robison to be the first to directly observe bioluminescent behavior in
its natural setting and then describe how the animals use the light they produce. Robison was also
the first to observe the transparent head of the barreleye fish Macropinna microstoma.[2]
In 2008, MBARI deployed the Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS)the first deep-sea
cabled observatory offshore of the continental United States. MARS enables researchers to hook up
a variety of scientific instruments such as earthquake monitors and low-light video cameras and
leave them on the deep seafloor for extended periods of time. Funded in 2002 by a grant from the
National Science Foundation, the MARS Observatory was developed through a collaborative effort
by MBARI, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the University of Washington Applied Physics
Laboratory, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, L-3 MariPro, and Alcatel-Lucent.
MBARI researchers have also made pioneering developments in the area of microbial
oceanography. MBARI Postdoctoral Fellow Oded Beja and Scientist Edward DeLong were the first to
discover a gene in several species of bacteria responsible for production of the protein rhodopsin,
previously unheard of in the domain Bacteria. First developments in several areas of metagenomics

have also been made at MBARI. DeLong was among the first to use metagenomics in the ocean
and MBARI Scientist Alexandra Worden led the development of eukaryotic targeted metagenomics,
which allows specific eukaryotic cells to be selected from natural samples and partial genomes from
those uncultured cells then sequenced, assembled and analyzed.
In 2001, MBARI scientists and engineers detected the onset and development of a harmful algal
bloom (HAB) using the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP)an undersea, robotic DNA
laboratory. Using the ESP, researchers are able to conduct molecular biological analyses remotely,
in real-time, over a sustained period, and with interactive capability. The ESP provides in situ
collection and analysis of water samples, such as the analysis of the genetic material of marine
microorganisms in seawater.