NAME: IREENE A.

POCONG
1. A personality test was administered to 15 boys and 10 girls in a private school. With the
data given below, test whether the personality of boys and girls significantly differ. Higher
scores indicate better personality traits.
Boys
Girls
13
18
16
19
16
22
19
24
20
25
20
25
20
26
21
32
24
36
24
36
26
27
28
30
32
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

Sig. (2-

F
Scores

Sig.

Df

tailed)

Mean

Std. Error

Difference Difference

Equal
variances

.128

.724 -1.628

23

.117

-3.90000

2.39519

.133

-3.90000

2.47383

assumed

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower

Upper
-

8.85484

1.05484

Equal
variances
not

-1.577

17.28
4

9.11279

1.31279

assumed

Ho: There is no significant difference between the better personality of girls and boys in the private school.
Ho: 1=2
Ha: Otherwise
= 0.05
Decision / Conclusion:
Since the sig. value is .117
Reject Ho if the computed |t| 0.05 otherwise reserve judgment. greater than 0.05, which
means that the null hypothesis
cannot be rejected. Hence,
there is no significant
difference between the better
personality traits of the girls and boys in the private school.
Critical Region:

2.The following data are grades of the students from A.M and P.M class. Do their academic
performance vary significantly?
A.M. Class
(X1)
93
80
80
78

P.M. Class
(X2)
90
89
87
86

78
71
70
70
66
62
62
57
54
54
53
52
51
50
49
48

85
85
84
83
83
81
80
79
76
75
74
73
73
73
71
69

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for
Equality of Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

95% Confidence
Interval of the

F
AcademicPerforman Equal variances
ce

12.4

assumed

65

Equal variances not

assumed

Sig.

df

Sig. (2-

Mean

Std. Error

tailed)

Difference

Difference

.001 4.89

4.89
2

Lower

Upper
-

38

.000

-15.90000

2
-

Difference

3.25051 22.480
31

27.6
25

.000

-15.90000

3.25051 22.562
44

Ho: There is no significant difference between the academic performance of the grades of the students
from a.m and p.m class.
or
Ho: 1=2
Ha: Otherwise
= 0.05
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if the computed |t|

-9.31969

0.05 otherwise reserve judgment.

Test Statistic
T=.00
Decision / Conclusion:
Since the sig. value is 0 .00 which is lesser than 0.05, which means that the null hypothesis cannot be
rejected the null hypothesis can be rejected and accept Ha. Hence, there is a significant difference
between academic performance of the grades of the students from a.m and p.m class.

-9.23756

Solving Paired-Samples T-test(Comparing paired/correlated data)

1.

Do scores before and after lectures significantly differ?

Before
78
24
64
45
64
52
30
50
64
50
78
22
84
40
90

After
78
24
62
48
68
56
25
44
56
40
68
36
68
20
58

72

32

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

95% Confidence
Interval of the
Std. Error
Mean
Pair 1

beforelecture afterlecture

Std. Deviation

7.75000

13.86843

Mean
3.46711

Difference
Lower
.36004

Upper
15.1399
6

2.235

1
5

.041

Ho: There is no significant difference between the scores of the students before and after the
lectures.
or
Ho: d=0
Ha: Otherwise
= 0.05
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if the computed |t|

0.05 otherwise reserve judgment.

Decision/Conclusion
Since the sig. value is .041 then it is less than 0.05 the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, there

is a significant difference between thescores of the students before and after the lectures.

2. Managers at fitness facility want to determine whether their weight loss program is
effective. They randomly select 15 people to participate in the program and weigh each
subject before and after participating.

Wei
ght
bef
ore
(kg)
53
69
50
89
63
71
94
56
50
84
67
53
49
76
87

Wei
ght
afte
r
(kg)
54
64
49
72
60
72
81
54
53
81
64
49
50
72
82

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

df

2.643

14

Sig. (2-tailed)

95% Confidence Interval of

Std. Error
Mean
Pair 1

WeightBefore WeightAfter

3.60000

Std. Deviation
5.27528

Mean
1.36207

the Difference
Lower
.67865

Upper
6.52135

.019

Ho: There is no significant difference between the people who participate in the program and weigh each subject before and
after participating
or
Ho: d=0
Ha: Otherwise
= 0.05
Decision / Conclusion:
Since the absolute sig. value is 0.19 is greater than 0.05 the null hypothesis is rejected. Hence, there is a significant difference
between the people who participate in the program and weigh each subject before and after participating

3. Suppose a sample of 20 students were given a diagnostic test before studying a

particular module and then again after completing the module. Do modules improve
students knowledge?
PreModule
Score
18
21
16
22
19
24
17
21

PostModule
Score
22
25
17
24
16
29
20
23

Differen
ce

23
18
14
16
16
19
18
20
12
22
15
17

19
20
15
15
18
26
18
24
18
25
19
16

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

95% Confidence Interval of

Mean
Pair 1 PreMOdule -

-2.05000

PostModule

Std.

Std. Error

Deviation

Mean

2.83725

.63443

the Difference
Lower
-3.37787

Upper
-.72213

-3.231

19

.004

Ho: There is no significant between the students score in pre-module and post module.
Or

Ho: d=0
Ha: Otherwise
= 0.05
Decision / Conclusion:
Since the sig. value is 0.04 Less than 0.05 the null hypothesis is rejected. There is a
significant between the score of the students for the pre and post module.

Pearson-r (Relationship between 2 variables)

EXERCISES:
1. Nine students held their breath, once after breathing normally and relaxing for one minute, and
once after hyperventilating for one minute. The table indicates how long (in sec) they were able to
hold their breath. Is there a association between the two variables?
Normal
56
56
65
65
50
25
87
44
35

Hypervent
87
91
85
91
75
28
122
66
58

Correlations
Normal
Normal

Pearson Correlation

Hervent
1

Sig. (2-tailed)

.000

N
Hervent

.966**

Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)

.966**

.000

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Ho: there is no significant relationship between Normal breathing and Hypervent breathing
Ha:there is a significant relationship between Normal breathing and Hypervent breathing
=0.05
Decision/Conclusion:
Since 0.966 greater than 0.05 acceptHo and conclude that there is no significant relationship
between the Normal breathing and Hypervent breathing.
2.Is there a significant relationship between entrance exam and board exam results.
Entranc
e Exam
49
47
69
65
49
58
76
79
79
56
63
74
74
57
56

Board
Exam
75
72.2
81
78.4
75
72.4
65.4
75
76.2
75.8
78.8
78.4
80.8
80.2
75.4

Solution
Ho: there is no significant relationship between the
entrance exam and board exam.
Ha:there is a significant relationship between the
entrance exam and board exam.
=0.05
Decision/Conclusion:
Since 0.080 greater than 0.05, the null hypothesis
cannot be rejected. Hence, there is no significant
difference between the Entrance exam and Board
examination.

Correlations
Entranceexam
Entranceexam

Pearson Correlation

Boardexam
1

.080

Sig. (2-tailed)

.778

N
Boardexam

15

15

Pearson Correlation

.080

Sig. (2-tailed)

.778

15

15

3.A dietetics student wanted to look at the relationship between calcium intake and knowledge
about calcium in sports science students. Is there a significant relationship between the 2
variables?
Knowledge
Score
10
42
38
15
22
32
40
14
26
32
38
25
48

Calcium
Intake
450
1050
900
525
710
854
800
493
730
894
940
733
985

28
22
45
18
24
30
43

763
583
850
798
754
805
1085

Solution
Ho: there is no significant relationship between
calcium intake and knowledge about calcium in
sports science students.
Ha: there is a significant relationship between
calcium intake and knowledge about calcium in
sports science students.
=0.05
Decision/Conclusion:
Since 0.882>0.05, do not reject Ho and conclude
that there is no significant relationship between
the calcium intake and knowledge about calcium
in sports science students.

Correlations
KnowledgeScore
KnowledgeScore

Pearson Correlation

Sig. (2-tailed)
N
CalciumIntake

Pearson Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

CalciumIntake
.882**
.000

20

20

.882**

.000
20

20

ANNOVA
1. Compare the grades of the students from different sections.
Section A (X1)

Section B (X2)

98
94
94
89
89
84
80
79
76
76

91
88
88
87
87
87
86
86
84
80

Section C
(X3)
94
83
86
88
87
86
84
84
81
80

Solution:
H0:There is no significant difference among the grades of three sections.
Ha:There is a significant difference among the grades of three sections.
=0.025
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if the sig value is greater than 0.05 alpha.
Test Statistics:
Sig.= .903
Decision/ Conclusion
Since the sig fig of .903 is greater than 0.05 alpha, therefore the grades of the students

from different sections are not statistically significant.

Annova #2

1. Compare the grades of the students from different schools.

School
1
97
95
89
86
78
77
74
73
71
68

School
2
93
91
91
90
88
85
85
84
83
83

School
3
94
83
83
82
82
79
77
77
77
75

School
4
95
85
85
75
75
74
73
72
71
71

Solution:
H0:There is no significant difference among the grades of four different schools
Ha:There is a significant difference among the grades of four different schools
=0.05
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if the sig value is greater than 0.05 alpha.
Test Statistics:
Sig fig= 0.039
Decision/ Conclusion
Since the sig fig of .039 is lesser than 0.05 alpha, therefore the grades of the students

from different sections are statistically significant.

Annova #3

The following data represent the number of packages of five popular brands of cigarettes sold by a supermarket
on 5 randomly selected days:
A
21
35
32
28
14

B
35
12
27
41
19

BRAND
C
45
60
33
36
31

D
32
53
29
42
40

E
45
29
31
22
36

Determine whether or not the five brands sell, on the average, the same number of cigarettes at the given
supermarket.

Solution:
H0:There is no significant difference among the five brands.
Ha:There is a significant difference among the five brands.
=0.05
Critical Region:
Reject Ho if the sig value is greater than 0.05 alpha.
Test Statistics:
Sig Fig.= 0.093
Decision/ Conclusion
Since the sig fig of .039 is lesser than 0.05 alpha, therefore the five brand sell are

statistically significant.