1

(a) (i)
(ii)

The number of protons in an atom

12

1
1

(b)

X and Y
Because same proton number/the number of proton but difference
number of neutron/nucleon number

2.8.7

(c)

(d) (i)

17p
18n
Electron arrangement
Label 17p & 18n
(ii)
(iii)
(e)

1
1
1
1

7
Y35
17

10

(a)
(b)
(c)(i)
(ii)
(d)(i)
(ii)
(e)
(f)

Pengoksidaan / Redoks / Pembakaran

1. Ulangi proses pemanasan, penyejukan dan penimbangan
2. sehingga mencapai jisim/bacaan yang tetap
23.50 22.30 / 1.2 g
24.30 23.50 / 0.8 g
1.2/24 / 0.05 mol
0.8/16 / 0.05 mol
1. [ Menghitung nisbah mol terkecil ]
2. [ Formula empirik : MgO ]
1. Tidak
2. Kuprum tidak reaktif

(a)
(b)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(c)(i)

2.8.2
Ionic bond
-Atom A releases 2 electrons to atom B
- to achieve octet electron arrangement / to form ion A2+.
Each ion drawn correctly
Has high melting and boiling point
CB2

1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Jumlah 11

1
1
1
1
1+1
1
1

(ii)

12 + 2(32) / 12 + 64
76 a.d.p

1
1
10

TOTAL

(a)

(b)
(c)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

(d)

Acetamide / CH3CONH2
Sublimation
1. Temperature at which liquid changes into a solid
2. at a particular pressure
82oC
1. Heat loss to the surrounding
2. balanced by heat energy liberated when particles attract one
Another // when liquid change to solid

1
1
1
1
1

(i)
proton
neutron
electron
All correct
(ii)

(e)

4+3 =7
[Able to draw a diagram that shows the following information]
1. Diagram of combustion tube containing copper oxide and is
clamp using retort stand
2. Dry hydrogen is flow into the combustion tube, excess of
hydrogen is flow out and copper oxide is heated
3. Label hydrogen, copper oxide and heat

1
1
2

10

6. (a) (i) Baris mengufuk/mendatar dalam Jadual Berkala

(ii) Kala 3.
Kerana mempunyai 3 petala berisi elektron

1
1
1

(b) Y

(c) 2R + 2H2O

2ROH + H2

(d) T3+

(e) Oksida bes ke oksida amfoterik ke oksida asid

(f) (i) Ikatan ion

(ii) Lukis susunan elektron menunjukkan:
8 elektron di petala terluar pada ion S2+ dan ion XCas S2+ dan X- ditunjukkan

1
1
1

10 markah
Bahagiam B
Bahagian B
7.
7 (a)

(b)

1. Number of mole in 16 g of oxygen = 16/32 // 0.05 mole

2. Volume occupied by 16 g of oxygen
= 0.05 mole x 24 dm3 // 12 dm3
3. Number of mole in 22 g of CO2 = 22/44 // 0.05 mole
4. Volume occupied by 22 g of CO2
0.05 moles x 24 dm3 // 12 dm3

1
1
1

Able to determine the empirical formula and molecular formula of

caffeine correctly
1
2
3

Element
Mass / g
Number of
mole
The simplest
ratio

C
H
N
O
0.48
0.05
0.28
0.16
0.48/12 // 0.05/1 //0 0.28/14 // 0.16/16 //
0.04
.05
0.02
0.01
0.04/0.01 0.05/0.01 0.02/0.01 0.01/0.01
// 4
// 5
// 2
// 1

4 Empirical formula = C4H5N2O

5 [C4H5N2O]n = 194
6 [ 97 ]n = 94
7 n = 194/97 // 2
8 Molecular formula = C8H10N4O2
(c)

Able to calculate the molar mass and the percentage of nitrogen by

mass in each of the three fertilisers and choose the best fertiliser.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Molar mass of ammonium sulphate = 132 g/mol

Percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate = 28/132 x
100% // 21.2%
Molar mass of urea = 60 g/mol
Percentage of nitropgen in urea = 28/60 x 100% // 46.7%
Molar mass of hydrazine = 32 g/mol
Percentage of nitrogen in hydrazine = 28/132 x 100% // 87.5%
Hydrazine has the richest source of nitrogen compares with
other fertilisers.
The farmer should choose hydrazine

8. (a) 1. Unsur Y kumpulan 2

2.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Total

20

kala 3

3.Unsur Z kumpulan 17

kala 3

1 4

(b) i. Saiz atom

1.Saiz atom Z lebih kecil berbanding atom Y/atau sebaliknya
Bilangan proton atom Z lebih banyak berbanding atom Y

2.

3. Tarikan nukleus terhadap elektron dalam atom Z lebih kuat berbanding

atom Y

1 3

ii. Keelektronegatifan
1 Atom Z lebih elektronegatif daripada atom Y

2 Saiz atom Z lebih kecil daripada atom Y

3. Bilangan proton atom Z lebih banyak berbanding atom Y

4 Tarikan nukleus atom Z terhadap elektron luar adalah lebih kuat

berbanding atom Y
(c ) 1. Formula kimia YZ2 reject: Z2Y
2. ikatan ion
(d) 1. Susunan elektron dalam atom Y ialah 2.8.2

1
1 2
1

2.Atom Y menderma (dua) elektron untuk membentuk ion Y2+

3. Susunan elektron dalam atom Z ialah 2.8.7

4. Atom Z menerima (satu) elektron untuk membentuk ion Z-

5. Untuk mencapai susunan oktet/elektron stabil

6. Terdapat daya tarikan elektrostatik antara ion Y2+ dan Z-

7 Membentuk sebatian dengan formula YZ2 / gambar rajah

1 7
20

2+

(a)

(b)

__

Sample answer :
1. Chlorine atom receive one electron
2. chloride ion formed // Cl + e Cl[Chlorine can be replaced by fluorine, bromine, iodine]
(i)

Sample answer :
3Cl2 + 2Fe 2FeCl3
1. Correct formula of reactants and product
2. Balanced chemical equation

(ii)

1
1

Sample answer ( comparing chlorine and bromine ):

1. Chlorine is more reactive than bromine
2. The size of chlorine atom smaller than bromine atom
3. the nucleus attraction to the valence electron in chlorine
atom
is stronger,
4. easier for the chlorine atom to accept one electron
(any other pairs of halogen)

1
1

1
1
1
1
4

(iii)
chlorine

Combustion
tube
1. functional diagram clamp, arrow heating , stopper
2. label chlorine , iron

1
1

(b)

Sample answer:
1. Oxidising agent : Chlorine water // bromine water
2. Reducing agent : Iron(ll) sulphate solution //potassium bromide
solution ( any correct pair )
Procedure :
3. Pour dilute sulphuric acid into the U-tube until its half level of the
Utube,
4. Using a dropper, carefully add iron(ll) sulphate solution to one of the
arm of the U-tube,
5. Then, chlorine water is added carefully to the other arm of the Utube
using a dropper,
6. A carbon electrode is dipped into both solution in each arm of the
U-tube respectively,
7. The electrodes are connected to a galvanometer by a connecting
wire,
8. Leave the set-up of apparatus for 30 minutes,
9. Using a dropper, 1cm3 of iron(ll) sulphate solution is drawn out and
placed into test tube,
10.Add a few drops of sodium hydroxide solution into iron(ll) sulphate
solution,
11. Brown precipitate formed

1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

max 8

20
10 (a) (i)

(ii
)

(b
)

1. The substance exists as solid at room temperature, if the melting

point is higher than room temperature
2. The substance exists as liquid at room temperature, if the melting
point is lower than room temperature,
3. but the boiling point is higher than room temperature
4. The substance exists as gas at room temperature, if the point
boiling point is lower than room temperature

t0 t1 // A to B : liquid
the particles closely together but not in orderly manner
t1 t2 // B to C : liquid and gaseous
some of the particles are closely together but not in orderly
manner and some are very far apart from each others.
t2 t3 // C to D: gaseous
all the particles are very far apart from each other and more in a
random motion
suitable chemicals : sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1+1

Prosedur :

50 cm3 of 0.1 moldm-3 of sodium thiosulphate solution is measured

and
is poured into a conical flask.
5 cm3 of 0.1 moldm-3 of hydrochloric acid is measured.
the solution in the conical flask is heated until the temperature rises to
30oC.
the conical flask is put on the paper mark with X.
the acid is added into the conical flask and the stopwatch is started
immediately.
the time taken for the mark X disappeared from sight is recorded.
the experiment is repeated at different temperature.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

10
20