ESD - Intergenerational equity: The present generation should ensure opposite to EU also water table in Perth.

Reduce consumption of NiCd

that health, diversity and productivity of environment is maintained or
batteries. Collect and recycle, ban, limit in fertilizers. Transfer to landfills.
enhanced for the benefit of future generation.Example: people live in
Linked to Zn demand and Zn is highly demanding e.g China for bridges &
forest as their home. They cut trees and sell trees. There will be no trees buildings. Limit regional input- allowed emission rates and eco stock
for their children. This is not intergenerational equity. They need maintain rates. If its going to run out, control waste outputs, stock as future
the same resource and benefit to their childrenIntragenerational
resource, immobilise. Ban Zn., Substance element or compound e.g C,
equity: people within the present generation having equal rights to
Cd, CdCl2, Good economic entities of matter, made up of one or more
benefits from the use of natural resources and from the enjoyment of a
substances Material Good or substances, 1kWh = 3.6MJ, 103MJ = 1 GJ,
clean and healthy environment .Example: member in the house has the
Flow kg/day m3/hr kg/hr mass flow per unit time, Flux kg/m2.day
equal rights to use water, TV, electricity and other resources.
m3/m2.hr kg/c.hr capita hour. P- Phosphorus -> too much then
3Precautionary Principle Where there are threats of serious or
eutrophication, running out of P as well. We need it to produce food
irreversible environmental damage, lack of full scientific certainty should
LCA a holistic environmental accounting procedure which quantifies and
not be used as reason for postponing measures to prevent environment
degradation. Public and private decisions should be guided by: (i) careful evaluates all wastes discharged to the environment and energy and raw
evaluation to avoid, wherever practicable, serious or irreversible damage materials consumed throughout the entire life cycle, beginning with
to the environment (ii) an assessment of the risk-weighted consequences sourcing raw materials from the earth through manufacturing and
distribution to consumer use and disposal. Cleaner production reduce
of various options. Example: a household only purchases meat that is
produced in Australia (Mad cow disease free) and ensures this disease is impacts along the entire life cycle from extraction to disposal. Inventory
analysis goal definition energy and materials used, Impact assessment,
not contracted by a household occupant.4Conservation of
Improvement analysis. Durable, recyclable, reusable, smaller, leasing.
biodiversity: Conservation of biodiversity is a core objective of ESD.
Underpins human well-being through provision of ecological services, such Changing needs and wants. New designs, improve existing, improve env.
Management processes, eco labelling, marketing. LCA only concentrate
as the maintenance of soil fertility and the supply of clean, fresh water.
Genetic diversity , Species diversity Ecosystem diversity Example: about env. But we need to also consider cost, consumer safety,
convenience of use, running cost, social welfare etc. LCA
land clearing for agricultural activities on private land is one of the
METHODOLOGY Inventory 1) Define purpose and scope of inventory
reasons for biodiversity loss. Keep for intergenerational equity.value
functional unit, whats the use of the service. 2) Define system boundaries
generation.
3) Devise Inventory Checklist 4)Peer Review-external company, quality
The metabolism of the anthroposphere refers to the physical and
assurance 5) Gather region specific data 6)Use Soft for material balance chemical changes that relate to the anthroposphere (society is analogous gabi 7)Present results cross check n present imputs=outputs Impact Ass
to an organism, that takes in food (materials), transforms them, adds
characterise and assess effects 1)Classification assigning impact
some to stock, and has emissions. It is driven by human needs and wants) categories & sub, ecotoxicity, climate change, acid rain, impacts of land
anthroposphere is the physical infrastructure that supports our
use, noise 2) Characterisation assess magnitude of potential impact of
economy. Geogenic are the natural flows of materials associated with
each sub-category, approaches loading (data from1), Equivalence
natural geologic processes, such as volcanoes, bushfires. Lead drainage, (Greenhouse warmin potential, acid rain potential), Chemical prop
sheet.
(toxicity, carcinogenicity), site specific exposure & effects 3)Valuation
-Global Warming Potential (GWP kg co2 equ), normalise the results to a
MFA A complete understanding of the metabolism of the anthroposphere dimensionless and weighted according to method. Improvement ana a
is important for the welfare of the man and the biosphere. MFA is a tool to systematic evaluation of needs and opportunities to reduce env. Burdens
understand. Enables the setting of sustainability limits. Better control of
material flows to avoid resource depletion and pollution problem. Cd
MIPS Course screening level of LCA that quantifies weighted mat. Input
comes from Zn ores, contamination in phosphate rocks PVC stabiliser,
to the provision of services by goods made of mat. Connection of quality
pigment, NiCd batteries, fertilizer. Carcinogenic. MFA will say where to
of life with material should be decoupled. Wi dont differentialte P,Fe, Pb,
focus on. Landfills and leaching to GW, Aus evaporation > rainfall
its all one. Indirect measure of release of materials from the economy to

the env. Hidden flows should be included as well. When measure kwh, we simulation modelling (trucks noise conc of conta.), MFA LCA used to show
measure weight of coal goes into the plant. Quick, cheap, screening.
the transparency. Management report mitigation facilities, procedures,
Planning tool for design, monitoring tool. Transport system. Nokia too
design monitoring sys, develop contingency plan
complicated. Data only available via Wuppertal. Cant dif between
material. be consuming locally grown foods, public transport, car pooling EMS ISO 14001 the organisational structure, responsibilities, practices,
lanes, less processed food with less packing. 10,000km travel per person procedures, processes and resources for implementing envi. Management,
each year in Sydney. Make a road that conveys more people per. Use a which shall be documented. For regulatory and assessment purposes,
demonstration of then implementation of identified elements in the sys is
vehicle that conveys more people per unit mass of vehicle (e.g buses).
Use a vehicle that is most efficient in consumption of energy materials per required. The organisation shall establish and maintain an env.
Management sys. Top management shall define the organisations env
person km travelled. Vehicles mass per km emission. convey 10,000
policy commitment, public, documented. Training, awareness and
words from one person to 10 people.
competence, communication to ppl. Formal audits. BHP 3+1 outsider,
NMA Can systematically track the physical flows od natural resources
collect info prior site visit, visit and talk to people and EMS, prepare
through extraction, production, fabrication, use and recycling and final
detailed report. Outcome awareness raised, org. structure reviewed,
disposal. Economic growth decouple resource use and waste generation. env. Policy developed. Company environmental policies & objectives can
Mining bauxite extract & convert then to AL ingot & export. TMA total
identify specific areas of concern with corresponding preventative and
material req. DMI Direct material input. Hidden portion of total material control measures. companies an edge to competitors. By allowing
that never enters the economy. Input indicators TMR DMI Overall Mat. companies to set their own targets, companies can focus on priority areas
Intensity = TMR/GDP (decrese, The best scenario: GDP increase while TMR that are specific to their operation/supply chain.
decrease. Overall TMR/GDP decrease, the less, the better) Direct input
mat. Intensity = DMI/GDP. No weighting initially. Brown coal Germany. Aus that it:i)Is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of
Gold, black coal, iron. Outputflow indicators DPO Domestic Process its activities, products or services ii)Includes a commitment to continual
improvement and prevention of pollution iii)Includes a commitment to
Output DHF Domestic hidden flows TDO. Input per capita resource
requirement rose, need to understand the link between economic activity comply with relevant environmental legislation, and with other
requirements iv)Provides the framework for setting and reviewing
+ env degradation. Output industrial economies are becoming more
efficient still more waste, exaction & use of fossil energy dominates. Need environmental objectives an targets v)documented, implemented and
maintained and communicated to all employees vi)Is available to the
a metric for material accounting, flow model, use of info to develop
public.2) Public environmental report and documentation i)The
policies . need parallel material accountin to SNA.
organization shall establish and maintain information , in paper or
EIA whole process, dept assessing, making changes, courts if needed
electronic form, to (1)Describe the core elements of the management
EIS the whole proposal u submit. Who prepare Legal req. the proponent! system and their interaction (2)Provide direction to related documentation
Adv. forces consideration at early stage, can write it nicely. Dis. Public ii)The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for controlling
perception of bias & lack of credibility. Alter Independent appointment of all documents required by this standard to ensure that: (1)They can be
consultant or an authority cost money, public prefer, but they are
located (2)They are periodically reviewed, revised (3)The current versions
independent from the rest of the team. Community participation
of relevant documents are available at all locations (4)Obsolete
must go on public 4 weeks. Addi Info provision during EIS preparation, documents are promptly removed from all points of issue and points of
consultaion but survey, public meeting, community consultation
use or otherwise assured against unintended use Reporting we cant
committee. Get involve into design. We can model this, open and nave
measure happiness, health, welfare in $. Policy, monitoring, control and
approach (go speak). EIS why this project is needed? EIS study teams are reporting. SOE( state of env)
multi-disciplinary, PM, docu editor, design. Site selection consider value,
sceneic, forest, water etc lay all the constraints on top. Identify impacts Material Flux Analysis (the focus is on substances, and they are
evaluated by the substances fluxes): Mineral phosphorus stocks are
previous/similar projects, study team brainstorm, community consult,
declining, exhaustion of the limited reserves will affect the global food
checklist, gov dept. Interaction matrix. Analyse/eva expert opinion,

supply. The major flows of phosphorus through the Sydney region need to building bikelanes or new roads. Ecological Footprints (focus on
be mapped to identify wether flows are sustainable.
consumption/head in a region evaluated by environmental space
occupied) : Global resources are decreasing, and being shared unevenly.
LCA (focus on goods or a process, and evaluated using environmental
Is the consumption of Sydney's population unsustainable?
indexes): A window manufacturing company wants to identify the
environmental impacts (global warming potential, human toxicity etc)
EF - enables us to estimate the resources consumption and waste
associated with each window they produce. This information will be used assimilation requirements of a defined human population or economy in
to identify priority areas in their supply chain and processing to be further terms of corresponding productive land use.but not fresh water
investigated. Assisting in the design of new products, especially for
withdrawal, soil contamination, and pollution without CO2 and ozone
comparative analysis among alternative designs.2) Improving the design depletion. Food east less processed food, eat less outside, try being vegetarian
of existing products3) Improving environmental management of facilities Housing solar panel for heating, plant more vegetation, make maximum use of
producing products.4) A marketing tool to show one product is better than natural light, cladded wall for insulation against heat & cold // Transportation
use less personal vehicle, use hybrid vehicles, use more cycling, more public
another.
MIPS (Focus on infrastructure and evaluated using bulk amounts of
materials) : A council is evaluating options to spend their budget on

transport Consumer Goods - use recycled goods, use paper bags, use
biodegradable goods, Services no use of dryers, less telephone usage, less
entertainment, distance learning, online learning materials Waste.